interleukin-8 and Hypertension--Pregnancy-Induced

Studies have shown that a change in endothelin receptor expression in the artery is related to pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). However, the mechanism underlying this change remains unclear.. To test whether the distribution of endothelin receptor type-A (ETAR) and type-B (ETBR) plays an important role in PIH, a reduction of uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model was used to mimic some of the features of PIH; the resulting variable endothelin receptor expression was investigated in the media and intima of the aorta. Single vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were isolated from RUPP and normal pregnant (NP) rats to study the effect of ETAR and ETBR in smooth muscle cells.. Compared with NP rats, RUPP rats had a significant redistribution of ETBR expression in the intima and media, while there was no significant difference in ETAR expression between the two groups. ETBR upregulation in VSMCs enhanced cellular contraction and contributed to PIH. The TNF-α plasma levels in RUPP rats were two-fold higher than those of NP rats, which upregulated the expression of ETBR in VSMCS through the NF-κB pathways in RUPP rats.. Redistribution of ETBR between the media and intima played an important role in the pathogenesis of PIH.

Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cells, Cultured; Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists; Endothelin-1; Endothelins; Female; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; NF-kappa B; Peptide Fragments; Peptides, Cyclic; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Endothelin A; Receptor, Endothelin B; Transcription Factor RelA; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tunica Intima; Uterus; Vascular Remodeling

Although oxidative stress and inflammation are important mechanisms in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and preterm diseases, their contribution to the respiratory prognosis of premature infants of hypertensive mothers is not known. Our objective was to determine the levels of oxidative stress and inflammation markers in the airways of premature infants born to hypertensive and normotensive mothers, in the first 72 h of life, and to investigate whether they are predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)/death. This was a prospective study with premature infants less than 34 weeks' gestation on respiratory support who were stratified into 2 groups: 32 premature infants of hypertensive mothers and 41 of normotensive women, with a mean gestational age of 29 weeks. Exclusion criteria were as follows: diabetes mellitus, chorioamnionitis, malformation, congenital infection, and death within 24 h after birth. The outcome of interest was BPD/death. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) were measured in airway aspirates from the first and third days of life and did not differ between the groups. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The concentrations of MDA, NO, and IL-8 were not predictors of BPD/death. Premature infants who developed BPD/death had higher levels of IL-8 in the first days of life. The gestational age, mechanical ventilation, and a small size for gestational age were risk factors for BPD/death. In conclusion, the biomarkers evaluated were not increased in premature infants of hypertensive mothers and were not predictors of BPD/death.

Topics: Biomarkers; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Longitudinal Studies; Malondialdehyde; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies