interleukin-8 and Hepatitis-A

Acute hepatitis A (AHA) and acute hepatitis B (AHB) are caused by an acute infection of the hepatitis A virus and the hepatitis B virus, respectively. In both AHA and AHB, liver injury is known to be mediated by immune cells and cytokines. In this study, we measured serum levels of various cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins in patients with AHA or AHB to identify liver injury-associated cytokines.. Forty-six patients with AHA, 16 patients with AHB, and 14 healthy adults were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of 17 cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or cytometric bead arrays and analyzed for correlation with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.. Interleukin (IL)-18, IL-8, CXCL9, and CXCL10 were significantly elevated in both AHA and AHB. IL-6, IL-22, granzyme B, and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) were elevated in AHA but not in AHB. In both AHA and AHB, the serum level of CXCL10 significantly correlated with the peak ALT level. Additionally, the serum level of granzyme B in AHA and the serum level of sFasL in AHB correlated with the peak ALT level.. We identified cytokines and T-cell cytotoxic proteins associated with liver injury in AHA and AHB. These findings deepen the existing understanding of immunological mechanisms responsible for liver injury in acute viral hepatitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Fas Ligand Protein; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A virus; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Interleukin-22; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Interleukins; Liver Failure; Male; Middle Aged; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic

To study the prevalence of leptospira in acute hepatitis syndrome and to assess interleukin (IL)-8 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels in the pathogenesis of hepatitis due to leptospiral infection. Two hundred and forty-seven consecutive cases with symptoms of acute hepatitis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study and detailed clinical history was elicited from them. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for HAV, HBV, HCV and HEV were performed to rule out common viral aetiology of hepatitis. IgM antibodies to leptospira were detected by ELISA. IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels were estimated in leptospira-positive cases and healthy controls by ELISA. Out of 247 cases of acute hepatitis, 46 (18.62%) were observed to be positive for IgM antibodies for leptospira. The mean age of these patients was 31.99 ± 0.28 years (25 males and 21 females; M/F ratio: 1.19:1). The mean ALT, AST and ASP were raised in the majority of patients. IL-8 was found to be elevated (130.81 pg/ml) in a large majority of cases 41/46, 89.1% (P < 0.001). Patients with more severe symptoms were associated with higher levels of IL-8. One mortality was observed due to leptospira. Unpredictably, TNF-alpha level was largely suppressed (45.63 pg/ml) in most of the leptospira-positive patients in comparison with healthy controls. Leptospira-induced hepatitis should be actively looked for in patients negative for A-E viral hepatitis. IL-8 appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of leptospiral hepatitis. High TNF-alpha should alert clinicians for aggressive in hospital management of patients.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Bilirubin; Early Diagnosis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis Antibodies; Humans; India; Interleukin-8; Leptospira; Leptospirosis; Liver Function Tests; Male; Prevalence; Prothrombin Time; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

To investigate the cellular immunological changes in children with viral hepatitis, interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interferon alpha (IFN alpha), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) in supernatant of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 49 children with hepatitis A, B or C were measured. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF alpha in PBMCs of the 3 viral hepatitis groups were increased and the level of IFN alpha decreased as compared with those of normal control group. But there were no significant differences among the 3 viral hepatitis groups. It was concluded that cellular immunological disorders were related to the onset and the induced damage of the viral hepatitis in children.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Infant; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha