interleukin-8 and Cerebral-Small-Vessel-Diseases

Background and Purpose- Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is the major vascular cause of cognitive decline and dementia. The pathogenesis of cSVD remains largely unknown, although several studies suggest a role for systemic inflammation. In certain pathophysiological situations, monocytes can reprogram toward a long-term proinflammatory phenotype, which has been termed trained immunity. We hypothesize that trained immunity contributes to the progression of cSVD. Methods- Individuals with mild-to-severe cSVD participated in the study. Severity of cSVD was determined by the white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume (mL) on magnetic resonance imaging in 2006, 2015, and the progression between 2006 and 2015 (ΔWMH). Cytokine production was assessed after ex vivo stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytes. Additionally, monocyte subsets were identified by flow cytometry. Results- Fifty-one subjects (70±6 years, 60% men, 5.1±6.4 mL ΔWMH) were included. Circulating hsIL (high-sensitivity interleukin)-6 correlated with cSVD ( P=0.005, r

Topics: Aged; Candida albicans; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Immunologic Memory; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lipoproteins; Male; Middle Aged; Monocytes; Severity of Illness Index