interleukin-8 has been researched along with Body-Weight* in 41 studies
1 review(s) available for interleukin-8 and Body-Weight
11 trial(s) available for interleukin-8 and Body-Weight
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Protective Effects of Zinc on Salmonella Invasion, Intestinal Morphology and Immune Response of Young Pigeons Infected with Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium.
The study aimed to determine the effects of orally supplemental zinc on body weight, Salmonella invasion, serum IgA, intestinal histomorphology, and immune response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium)-challenged young pigeons. A total of 72 healthy White King pigeons (25 days old) with similar weight were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with six replicate cages. The 3 treatments were unchallenged, S. typhimurium-challenged, and S. typhimurium-challenged orally supplemented with 1 mg zinc per bird. Salmonella infection decreased (P < 0.05) the body weight, the bursa index, the serum IgA content, and the villus height/crypt depth ratio in the ileum, but increased the neutrophil proportion (P < 0.001) and the mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-8 in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Orally supplemental zinc reduced (P = 0.007) the bacterial load in the liver and improved (P < 0.05) the body weight, the bursa index, the serum IgA content, the villus height/crypt depth ratio, and the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) protein expression, as well as tended to increase (P = 0.064) the protein abundance of caspase-1 of the jejunum, but did not alleviate the high level of neutrophil proportion and IL-1β mRNA expression of the jejunum (P > 0.05). The results indicated that oral zinc supplementation improved the intestinal mucosal morphology and enhanced the immune response, as well as activated caspase-1-dependent cell pyroptosis pathways in the jejunal epithelium, thereby restricting Salmonella invasion of the challenged young pigeons. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Caspases; Columbidae; Immunity; Immunoglobulin A; Interleukin-8; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; RNA, Messenger; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Salmonella typhimurium; Serogroup; Zinc | 2022 |
Effects of Olive Leaf Extract on Metabolic Response, Liver and Kidney Functions and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Hypertensive Patients.
Hypertension is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure is gradually elevated. In this project, the effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) were evaluated on metabolic response, liver and kidney functions and also biomarkers of inflammation in hypertensive patients.. In this randomized double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial, 60 hypertensive patients, aged 30-60 years old had participated. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either OLE or placebo tablets for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of the intervention, metabolic parameters and biomarkers of liver, kidney and inflammation were measured in sera of the participants using available laboratory methods.. Compared with the placebo, changes in parameters associated with glucose metabolism were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The OLE tablets did not have significant effect on liver enzymes, total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine (p>0.05), but significantly decreased interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha as inflammatory biomarkers (p<0.05) in OLE group compared to the placebo group.. The results concluded that inflammation as a major cause of hypertension was significantly decreased in patients using OLE tablets. Topics: Adult; Aged; Albumins; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Creatinine; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Kidney; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Olea; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Urea | 2019 |
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a novel respiratory illness firstly reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012. It is caused by a new corona virus, called MERS corona virus (MERS-CoV). Most people who have MERS-CoV infection developed severe acute respiratory illness.. This work is done to determine the clinical characteristics and the outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients with confirmed MERS-CoV infection.. This study included 32 laboratory confirmed MERS corona virus infected patients who were admitted into ICU. It included 20 (62.50%) males and 12 (37.50%) females. The mean age was 43.99 ± 13.03 years. Diagnosis was done by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) test for corona virus on throat swab, sputum, tracheal aspirate, or bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Clinical characteristics, co-morbidities and outcome were reported for all subjects.. Most MERS corona patients present with fever, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, runny nose and sputum. The presence of abdominal symptoms may indicate bad prognosis. Prolonged duration of symptoms before patients' hospitalization, prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay, bilateral radiological pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxemic respiratory failure were found to be strong predictors of mortality in such patients. Also, old age, current smoking, smoking severity, presence of associated co-morbidities like obesity, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart diseases, COPD, malignancy, renal failure, renal transplantation and liver cirrhosis are associated with a poor outcome of ICU admitted MERS corona virus infected patients.. Plasma HO-1, ferritin, p21, and NQO1 were all elevated at baseline in CKD participants. Plasma HO-1 and urine NQO1 levels each inversely correlated with eGFR (. SnPP can be safely administered and, after its injection, the resulting changes in plasma HO-1, NQO1, ferritin, and p21 concentrations can provide information as to antioxidant gene responsiveness/reserves in subjects with and without kidney disease.. A Study with RBT-1, in Healthy Volunteers and Subjects with Stage 3-4 Chronic Kidney Disease, NCT0363002 and NCT03893799.. HFNC did not significantly modify work of breathing in healthy subjects. However, a significant reduction in the minute volume was achieved, capillary [Formula: see text] remaining constant, which suggests a reduction in dead-space ventilation with flows > 20 L/min. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration NCT02495675).. 3 组患者手术时间、术中显性失血量及术后 1 周血红蛋白下降量比较差异均无统计学意义（. 对于肥胖和超重的膝关节单间室骨关节炎患者，采用 UKA 术后可获满意短中期疗效，远期疗效尚需进一步随访观察。.. Decreased muscle strength was identified at both time points in patients with hEDS/HSD. The evolution of most muscle strength parameters over time did not significantly differ between groups. Future studies should focus on the effectiveness of different types of muscle training strategies in hEDS/HSD patients.. These findings support previous adverse findings of e-cigarette exposure on neurodevelopment in a mouse model and provide substantial evidence of persistent adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological consequences to adult offspring following maternal e-cigarette exposure during pregnancy. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6067.. This RCT directly compares a neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen with a standard CROSS regimen in terms of overall survival for patients with locally advanced ESCC. The results of this RCT will provide an answer for the controversy regarding the survival benefits between the two treatment strategies.. NCT04138212, date of registration: October 24, 2019.. Results of current investigation indicated that milk type and post fermentation cooling patterns had a pronounced effect on antioxidant characteristics, fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation and textural characteristics of yoghurt. Buffalo milk based yoghurt had more fat, protein, higher antioxidant capacity and vitamin content. Antioxidant and sensory characteristics of T. If milk is exposed to excessive amounts of light, Vitamins B. The two concentration of ZnO nanoparticles in the ambient air produced two different outcomes. The lower concentration resulted in significant increases in Zn content of the liver while the higher concentration significantly increased Zn in the lungs (p < 0.05). Additionally, at the lower concentration, Zn content was found to be lower in brain tissue (p < 0.05). Using TEM/EDX we detected ZnO nanoparticles inside the cells in the lungs, kidney and liver. Inhaling ZnO NP at the higher concentration increased the levels of mRNA of the following genes in the lungs: Mt2 (2.56 fold), Slc30a1 (1.52 fold) and Slc30a5 (2.34 fold). At the lower ZnO nanoparticle concentration, only Slc30a7 mRNA levels in the lungs were up (1.74 fold). Thus the two air concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles produced distinct effects on the expression of the Zn-homeostasis related genes.. Until adverse health effects of ZnO nanoparticles deposited in organs such as lungs are further investigated and/or ruled out, the exposure to ZnO nanoparticles in aerosols should be avoided or minimised. Topics: A549 Cells; Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; Acinetobacter baumannii; Acute Lung Injury; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Adenine; Adenocarcinoma; Adipogenesis; Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Ophthalmic; Adolescent; Adsorption; Adult; Aeromonas hydrophila; Aerosols; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Agriculture; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Airway Remodeling; Alanine Transaminase; Albuminuria; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; Algorithms; AlkB Homolog 2, Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase; Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Sequence; Ammonia; Ammonium Compounds; Anaerobiosis; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Bacterial; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Antioxidants; Antitubercular Agents; Antiviral Agents; Apolipoproteins E; Apoptosis; Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Arsenic; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Asthma; Atherosclerosis; ATP-Dependent Proteases; Attitude of Health Personnel; Australia; Austria; Autophagy; Axitinib; Bacteria; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Toxins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bariatric Surgery; Base Composition; Bayes Theorem; Benzoxazoles; Benzylamines; beta Catenin; Betacoronavirus; Betula; Binding Sites; Biological Availability; Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Bioreactors; Biosensing Techniques; Birth Weight; Blindness; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Blood-Brain Barrier; Blotting, Western; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Bone and Bones; Bone Density; Bone Resorption; Borates; Brain; Brain Infarction; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Brain Neoplasms; Breakfast; Breast Milk Expression; Breast Neoplasms; Bronchi; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Buffaloes; Cadherins; Calcification, Physiologic; Calcium Compounds; Calcium, Dietary; Cannula; Caprolactam; Carbon; Carbon Dioxide; Carboplatin; Carcinogenesis; Carcinoma, Ductal; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carps; Carrageenan; Case-Control Studies; Catalysis; Catalytic Domain; Cattle; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Adhesion; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Death; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Nucleus; Cell Phone Use; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cell Transformation, Viral; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Chemical Phenomena; Chemoradiotherapy; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; China; Chitosan; Chlorocebus aethiops; Cholecalciferol; Chromatography, Liquid; Circadian Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Circular Dichroism; Cisplatin; Citric Acid; Clinical Competence; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Clostridioides difficile; Clostridium Infections; Coculture Techniques; Cohort Studies; Cold Temperature; Colitis; Collagen Type I; Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; Collagen Type XI; Color; Connective Tissue Diseases; Copper; Coronary Angiography; Coronavirus 3C Proteases; Coronavirus Infections; Cost of Illness; Counselors; COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Creatine Kinase; Creatinine; Cross-Over Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cryoelectron Microscopy; Cryosurgery; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cues; Cultural Competency; Cultural Diversity; Curriculum; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; Cycloparaffins; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Cytokines; Cytoplasm; Cytoprotection; Databases, Factual; Denitrification; Deoxycytidine; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diagnosis, Differential; Diatoms; Diet; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Exposure; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Diketopiperazines; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Disease-Free Survival; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Glycosylases; DNA Repair; DNA-Binding Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Viral; Docetaxel; Dose Fractionation, Radiation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Doxorubicin; Drosophila; Drosophila melanogaster; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Repositioning; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Edema; Edible Grain; Education, Graduate; Education, Medical, Graduate; Education, Pharmacy; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome; Electron Transport Complex III; Electron Transport Complex IV; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Emergency Service, Hospital; Empathy; Emulsions; Endothelial Cells; Endurance Training; Energy Intake; Enterovirus A, Human; Environment; Environmental Monitoring; Enzyme Assays; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epithelial Cells; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Epoxide Hydrolases; Epoxy Compounds; Erythrocyte Count; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Escherichia coli Proteins; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Esophagectomy; Estrogens; Etanercept; Ethiopia; Ethnicity; Ethylenes; Exanthema; Exercise; Exercise Test; Exercise Tolerance; Extracellular Matrix; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Eye Infections, Fungal; False Negative Reactions; Fatty Acids; Fecal Microbiota Transplantation; Feces; Female; Femur Neck; Fermentation; Ferritins; Fetal Development; Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Fibroblasts; Fibroins; Fish Proteins; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Focus Groups; Follow-Up Studies; Food Handling; Food Supply; Food, Formulated; Forced Expiratory Volume; Forests; Fractures, Bone; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Fusobacteria; G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Gamma Rays; Gastrectomy; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Gefitinib; Gels; Gemcitabine; Gene Amplification; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genotype; Germany; Glioma; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glucagon; Glucocorticoids; Glycemic Control; Glycerol; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Glycolipids; Glycolysis; Goblet Cells; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Graphite; Greenhouse Effect; Guanidines; Haemophilus influenzae; HCT116 Cells; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Personnel; Health Services Accessibility; Health Services Needs and Demand; Health Status Disparities; Healthy Volunteers; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Heart Transplantation; Heart-Assist Devices; HEK293 Cells; Heme; Heme Oxygenase-1; Hemolysis; Hemorrhage; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Hepatocytes; Hexoses; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Hippo Signaling Pathway; Histamine; Histamine Agonists; Histidine; Histone Deacetylase 2; HIV Infections; HIV Reverse Transcriptase; HIV-1; Homebound Persons; Homeodomain Proteins; Homosexuality, Male; Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hydrogen; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents; Hypoxia; Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Imatinib Mesylate; Immunotherapy; Implementation Science; Incidence; INDEL Mutation; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Industrial Waste; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Inflammation; Inflammation Mediators; Infliximab; Infusions, Intravenous; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Injections; Insecticides; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-8; Internship and Residency; Intestines; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Ion Transport; Iridaceae; Iridoid Glucosides; Islets of Langerhans Transplantation; Isodon; Isoflurane; Isotopes; Italy; Joint Instability; Ketamine; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Neoplasms; Kinetics; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Knee Joint; Kruppel-Like Factor 4; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; Lactate Dehydrogenase 5; Laparoscopy; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Semiconductor; Lasers, Solid-State; Laurates; Lead; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Light; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipopolysaccharides; Liposomes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Locomotion; Longitudinal Studies; Lopinavir; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Lubricants; Lung; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell; Lysosomes; Macrophages; Male; Manganese Compounds; MAP Kinase Kinase 4; Mass Screening; Maternal Health; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Melanoma, Experimental; Memantine; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Proteins; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Metal Nanoparticles; Metalloendopeptidases; Metalloporphyrins; Methadone; Methane; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Mexico; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Mice, SCID; Mice, Transgenic; Microarray Analysis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiota; Micronutrients; MicroRNAs; Microscopy, Confocal; Microsomes, Liver; Middle Aged; Milk; Milk, Human; Minority Groups; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Membranes; Mitochondrial Proteins; Models, Animal; Models, Molecular; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Docking Simulation; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; Molecular Epidemiology; Molecular Structure; Molecular Weight; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Multimodal Imaging; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Myocardial Stunning; Myristates; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Nanocomposites; Nanogels; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Naphthalenes; Nasal Cavity; National Health Programs; Necrosis; Needs Assessment; Neoadjuvant Therapy; Neonicotinoids; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Netherlands; Neuroblastoma; Neuroprotective Agents; Neutrophils; NF-kappa B; NFATC Transcription Factors; Nicotiana; Nicotine; Nitrates; Nitrification; Nitrites; Nitro Compounds; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Dioxide; North Carolina; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Nuclear Proteins; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Nucleosomes; Nutrients; Obesity; Obesity, Morbid; Oceans and Seas; Oncogene Protein v-akt; Oncogenes; Oocytes; Open Reading Frames; Osteoclasts; Osteogenesis; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Outpatients; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovariectomy; Overweight; Oxazines; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxides; Oxidoreductases; Oxygen; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Oxygenators, Membrane; Ozone; Paclitaxel; Paenibacillus; Pain Measurement; Palliative Care; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pandemics; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Particulate Matter; Pasteurization; Patient Preference; Patient Satisfaction; Pediatric Obesity; Permeability; Peroxiredoxins; Peroxynitrous Acid; Pharmaceutical Services; Pharmacists; Pharmacy; Phaseolus; Phenotype; Phoeniceae; Phosphates; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phosphorylation; Photoperiod; Photosynthesis; Phylogeny; Physical Endurance; Physicians; Pilot Projects; Piperidines; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Proteins; Plant Roots; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Viral; Point-of-Care Testing; Polyethylene Glycols; Polymers; Polysorbates; Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Postprandial Period; Poverty; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; Prediabetic State; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnancy, High-Risk; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pressure; Prevalence; Primary Graft Dysfunction; Primary Health Care; Professional Role; Professionalism; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Prolactin; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Proof of Concept Study; Proportional Hazards Models; Propylene Glycol; Prospective Studies; Prostate; Protein Binding; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein Isoforms; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Phosphatase 2; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein Transport; Proteoglycans; Proteome; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Proton Pumps; Protons; Protoporphyrins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Pulmonary Veins; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Qualitative Research; Quinoxalines; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Histamine H3; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Transferrin; Recombinant Proteins; Recurrence; Reference Values; Referral and Consultation; Regional Blood Flow; Registries; Regulon; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Reperfusion Injury; Repressor Proteins; Reproducibility of Results; Republic of Korea; Research Design; Resistance Training; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Respiratory Insufficiency; Resuscitation; Retinal Dehydrogenase; Retreatment; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Rhinitis, Allergic; Ribosomal Proteins; Ribosomes; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Ritonavir; Rivers; RNA Interference; RNA-Seq; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; RNA, Small Interfering; Rosuvastatin Calcium; Rural Population; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Salivary Ducts; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; San Francisco; SARS-CoV-2; Satiation; Satiety Response; Schools; Schools, Pharmacy; Seasons; Seawater; Selection, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Serine-Threonine Kinase 3; Sewage; Sheep; Sheep, Domestic; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Signal Transduction; Silver; Silymarin; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography; Sirolimus; Sirtuin 1; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Social Class; Social Participation; Social Support; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Solutions; Somatomedins; Soot; Specimen Handling; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis; Spinal Fractures; Spirometry; Staphylococcus aureus; STAT1 Transcription Factor; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Streptomyces coelicolor; Stress, Psychological; Stroke; Stroke Volume; Structure-Activity Relationship; Students, Medical; Students, Pharmacy; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; Sulfur Dioxide; Surface Properties; Surface-Active Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Survival Analysis; Survival Rate; Survivin; Sweden; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Sympathetic Nervous System; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Talaromyces; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; tau Proteins; Telemedicine; Telomerase; Telomere; Telomere Homeostasis; Temperature; Terminally Ill; Th1 Cells; Thiamethoxam; Thiazoles; Thiophenes; Thioredoxin Reductase 1; Thrombosis; Thulium; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic; Thyroid Neoplasms; Time Factors; Titanium; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic; Transcriptional Activation; Transcriptome; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Transistors, Electronic; Translational Research, Biomedical; Transplantation Tolerance; Transplantation, Homologous; Transportation; Treatment Outcome; Tretinoin; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary; Tubulin Modulators; Tumor Microenvironment; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Twins; Ultrasonic Therapy; Ultrasonography; Ultraviolet Rays; United States; Up-Regulation; Uranium; Urethra; Urinary Bladder; Urodynamics; Uromodulin; Uveitis; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Ventricular Function, Left; Vero Cells; Vesicular Transport Proteins; Viral Nonstructural Proteins; Visual Acuity; Vital Capacity; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin K 2; Vitamins; Volatilization; Voriconazole; Waiting Lists; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Wastewater; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Whole Genome Sequencing; Wine; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries; WW Domains; X-linked Nuclear Protein; X-Ray Diffraction; Xanthines; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; YAP-Signaling Proteins; Yogurt; Young Adult; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins; Ziziphus | 2016 |
Comparison of supplementation of n-3 fatty acids from fish and flax oil on cytokine gene expression and growth of milk-fed Holstein calves.
The ability to reduce incidence of disease in calves and improve early vaccination strategies is of particular interest for dairy producers. The n-3 fatty acids have been reported to reduce inflammatory diseases in humans but limited research has been done in calves. The objective of this study was to compare supplementation of n-3 fatty acids from fish and flax oil on gene expression of whole blood cells and growth of milk-fed Holstein calves. Forty-eight Holstein bull calves from a commercial dairy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 diets beginning at 4d old: (1) control milk replacer (MR) with all pork fat, (2) MR with 2% flax oil, and (3) MR with 2% fish oil. All MR were 17% fat, 27% crude protein on a dry matter (DM) basis, with all protein from whey sources. Calves were each fed 654g DM of MR daily for the first 25d and then 327g/d for d26, 27, and 28. On d28, calves were challenged with a Pasteurella vaccine and the temperature response to the vaccine was recorded. Milk and feed intake and fecal scores were recorded daily, and body weight and hip width were recorded weekly. Blood was collected from all calves on d25. One tube of collected blood was incubated with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) for 2h and frozen with a second tube of control blood. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess the effects of LPS stimulation on cytokine gene expression. During the 28 d, calves supplemented with flax oil had a greater growth rate and feed efficiency than calves fed fish oil (0.52±0.02 vs. 0.48±0.02g of gain:g of feed). Fish oil tended to decrease LPS stimulation of tumor necrosis factor-α expression. Flax oil, but not fish oil, decreased the expression of IL-4 and tended to decrease expression of osteopontin and IL-8. Flax oil tended to reduce the increase in rectal temperature in response to a Pasteurella vaccine. In conclusion, our data support the idea that supplementation with n-3 fatty acids affects cytokine gene expression. Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Body Weight; Cattle; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fish Oils; Interleukin-4; Interleukin-8; Linseed Oil; Lipopolysaccharides; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Swine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2014 |
Influence of HMB supplementation and resistance training on cytokine responses to resistance exercise.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a multinutritional supplement including amino acids, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), and carbohydrates on cytokine responses to resistance exercise and training.. Seventeen healthy, college-aged men were randomly assigned to a Muscle Armor™ (MA; Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH) or placebo supplement group and 12 weeks of resistance training. An acute resistance exercise protocol was administered at 0, 6, and 12 weeks of training. Venous blood samples at pre-, immediately post-, and 30-minutes postexercise were analyzed via bead multiplex immunoassay for 17 cytokines.. After 12 weeks of training, the MA group exhibited decreased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-10. IL-1β differed by group at various times. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (MIP-1β) changed over the 12-week training period but did not differ by group.. Twelve weeks of resistance training alters the cytokine response to acute resistance exercise, and supplementation with HMB and amino acids appears to further augment this result. Topics: Amino Acids; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chemokine CCL2; Chemokine CCL4; Cytokines; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-13; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Micronutrients; Nutrition Assessment; Resistance Training; Valerates; Young Adult | 2014 |
Evaluation of safety and efficacy of a fixed olmesartan/amlodipine combination therapy compared to single monotherapies.
Hypertension is known to be one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease.. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a fixed olmesartan/amlodipine (Olme/Amlo) combination in improving blood pressure control, lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and some inflammatory and insulin resistance markers. Two hundred and seventy-six hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to olmesartan 20 mg, amlodipine 10 mg or a single pill containing an Olme/Amlo combination 20/5 mg for 12 months. We evaluated after 6 and 12 months: body weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), lipid profile, vaspin, visfatin, interleukins 8 and 10 (IL-8 and IL-10, respectively). Patients also underwent an euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp.. Olme/Amlo combination was more effective in decreasing SBP, and DPB compared to single monotherapies after 12 months. Olme/Amlo combination, but not amlodipine, decreased FPG after 12 months. FPI and HOMA index were decreased, and M value increased by Olme/Amlo combination compared to olmesartan monotherapy, and to amlodipine monotherapy. Olme/Amlo significantly decreased IL-8 and IL-10 better than each monotherapy.. Olme/Amlo single pill combination can be a safe and effective option to reduce blood pressure, improve insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammatory markers. Topics: Adipokines; Amlodipine; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-8; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Tetrazoles | 2013 |
A phase II randomized placebo-controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of acute lung injury.
Administration of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexanoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil, has been associated with improved patient outcomes in acute lung injury when studied in a commercial enteral formula. However, fish oil has not been tested independently in acute lung injury. We therefore sought to determine whether enteral fish oil alone would reduce pulmonary and systemic inflammation in patients with acute lung injury.. Phase II randomized controlled trial.. Five North American medical centers.. Mechanically ventilated patients with acute lung injury ≥18 yrs of age.. Subjects were randomized to receive enteral fish oil (9.75 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 6.75 g docosahexanoic acid daily) or saline placebo for up to 14 days.. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood were collected at baseline (day 0), day 4 ± 1, and day 8 ± 1. The primary end point was bronchoalveolar lavage fluid interleukin-8 levels. Forty-one participants received fish oil and 49 received placebo. Enteral fish oil administration was associated with increased serum eicosapentaenoic acid concentration (p < .0001). However, there was no significant difference in the change in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid interleukin-8 from baseline to day 4 (p = .37) or day 8 (p = .55) between treatment arms. There were no appreciable improvements in other bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or plasma biomarkers in the fish oil group compared with the control group. Similarly, organ failure score, ventilator-free days, intensive care unit-free days, and 60-day mortality did not differ between the groups.. Fish oil did not reduce biomarkers of pulmonary or systemic inflammation in patients with acute lung injury, and the results do not support the conduct of a larger clinical trial in this population with this agent. This experimental approach is feasible for proof-of-concept studies evaluating new treatments for acute lung injury. Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cell Count; Chemokine CCL2; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Leukotriene B4; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Pneumonia; Positive-Pressure Respiration, Intrinsic; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; Tidal Volume; von Willebrand Factor | 2011 |
Long-term daily high and low doses of azithromycin in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized controlled trial.
Long-term administration of azithromycin (AZM) in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) has improved outcomes. However, the doses and schedule of administration are not very well studied in children with CF.. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effect of two doses of azithromycin (5mg/kg/day and 15mg/kg/day) on FEV(1) and pulmonary exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis. Enrolled children were randomly allocated to receive daily azithromycin (5mg/kg/day or 15mg/kg/day) for 6months. Clinical assessment and FEV(1) measurement were performed monthly.. 56 children (28 in high dose group and 28 in low dose group) were enrolled. 47 (24 and 23 children in low and high dose groups) completed 12months of follow up. There was no difference in clinical scores, FEV(1), pulmonary exacerbation rates between two groups at baseline, 6months and at 12months. Per protocol analysis revealed that pulmonary exacerbation increased after discontinuing AZM and there was significantly more increase after 12months of enrolment in children getting high dose azithromycin. There was no improvement in FEV(1) in either group at the end of treatment period. Children tolerated daily low as well as high dose AZM well for 6months. There was no significant side effect of azithromycin.. In this randomized controlled trial, we did not find differences in the effect of 2 doses (5mg/kg/day or 15mg/kg/day) of AZM on change in percentage predicted FEV(1), clinical scores, Pseudomonas colonization rates, pulmonary exacerbations and need for antibiotics. There was increase in exacerbations after stopping azithromycin in both the groups. Our results also suggest that the decrease in the incidence of LRTI persists only till 6months after discontinuing azithromycin. Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Body Weight; Candidiasis; Child; Child, Preschool; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Interleukin-8; Male; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Spirometry; Sputum; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Effects of nutritional supplementation combined with low-intensity exercise in malnourished patients with COPD.
The first aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nutritional supplementation combined with low-intensity exercise on body components, exercise tolerance, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in malnourished patients with COPD. The second aim of this study was to examine the degree of systemic inflammation and the actual changes in levels of systemic CRP, TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 actual changes after a combination of nutritional supplementation and low-intensity exercise in these patients.. A prospective randomized trial.. Thirty-two moderate to severe, clinically stable malnourished COPD patients.. Patients were randomly divided into a nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise group and a control group. Lung function, maximum inspiratory and expiratory muscle force, the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ), the 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and the Borg scale were measured at baseline and were re-assessed at 3 months after intervention. The degree of systemic inflammation and the changes in levels of systemic CRP, TNFα, IL-6 and IL-8 were assessed before and after a combination nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise.. Body weight and FFM increased significantly after 12 weeks of nutritional supplementation therapy in patients with COPD. The dietary intake energy increased and the REE:REEpred ratio decreased significantly in the nutrition with low-intensity exercise group. PI(max), Quadriceps muscle force and the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) increased significantly from baseline through week 12. Health status, as assessed by CRQ, improved in the domains of dyspnea and total sores significantly in the nutrition with low-intensity exercise group after intervention. In this group, hsCRP, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα, decreased significantly after intervention compared with the control group.. The combination of nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise training was successful in increasing weight and energy intake as well as exercise capacity and health-related QOL in our patients. Moreover, REE and major inflammatory cytokines decreased significantly after nutritional supplementation with low-intensity exercise training. The present study results suggest a potential role for the combination of nutritional supplementation and low-intensity exercise in the management of malnourished patients with COPD. Topics: Aged; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Exercise Tolerance; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Japan; Male; Malnutrition; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life; Respiratory Function Tests; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
Diet and exercise reduce low-grade inflammation and macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue but not in skeletal muscle in severely obese subjects.
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the effect of a 15-wk lifestyle intervention (hypocaloric diet and daily exercise) on inflammatory markers in plasma, adipose tissue (AT), and skeletal muscle (SM) in 27 severely obese subjects (mean body mass index: 45.8 kg/m2). Plasma samples, subcutaneous abdominal AT biopsies, and vastus lateralis SM biopsies were obtained before and after the intervention and analyzed by ELISA and RT-PCR. The intervention reduced body weight (P < 0.001) and increased insulin sensitivity (homeostasis model assessment; P < 0.05). Plasma adiponectin (P < 0.001) increased, and C-reactive protein (P < 0.05), IL-6 (P < 0.01), IL-8 (P < 0.05), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P < 0.01) decreased. AT inflammation was reduced, determined from an increased mRNA expression of adiponectin (P < 0.001) and a decreased expression of macrophage-specific markers (CD14, CD68), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P < 0.01). After adjusting for macrophage infiltration in AT, only IL-6 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.05). Only very low levels of inflammatory markers were found in SM. The intervention had no effect on adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 mRNA in AT or SM. Thus hypocaloric diet and increased physical activity improved insulin sensitivity and reduced low-grade inflammation. Markers of inflammation were particularly reduced in AT, whereas SM does not contribute to this attenuation of whole body inflammation. Topics: Adiponectin; Adipose Tissue; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Chemokine CCL2; Diet; Exercise; Female; Gene Expression; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; Macrophages; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Obesity; Receptors, Adiponectin; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Cardiac surgery with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest produces less systemic inflammatory response than low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in newborns.
We sought to compare low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in respect to the influence on the systemic inflammatory response.. Twenty-three infants weighing less than 10 kg and scheduled for repair of congenital malformations were enrolled in a randomized, controlled study. Eleven patients underwent cardiac surgery with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (the DHCA group). Low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass was used in another 12 patients (the LF group). Interleukin 6 and 8 and anaphylatoxin C3a levels were measured 6 times perioperatively. Also, perioperative weight gain and a radiologic soft-tissue index were compared.. All patients had an uneventful clinical course. Duration of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest was 40 +/- 4 minutes; the bypass time was significantly shorter in the DHCA group (85 +/- 8 vs 130 +/- 19 minutes). However, the duration of the operation was similar in both groups (245 +/- 30 vs 246 +/- 30 minutes). During cardiopulmonary bypass (rewarming), the concentration of C3a (3751 +/- 388 vs 5761 +/- 1688 ng/mL, mean +/- SEM) was significantly lower in the DHCA group than in the LF group. The interleukin 8 level was significantly lower, and the interleukin 6 level had a tendency to be lower in the DHCA group compared with levels in the LF group. There was less weight gain on the first postoperative day in the DHCA group (65 +/- 61 vs 408 +/- 118 g). The soft-tissue index suggested reduced edema formation in the DHCA group.. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest produces less systemic inflammatory response than low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass. In addition, there is an indication of less fluid accumulation postoperatively. Topics: Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Cardiotonic Agents; Complement Activation; Complement C3a; Dobutamine; Dopamine; Heart Arrest, Induced; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Infant; Infant Welfare; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Postoperative Complications; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
30 other study(ies) available for interleukin-8 and Body-Weight
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Stress-related testicular changes in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats following oral administration of an interleukin-8 inhibitor.
We describe testicular changes in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats following oral administration of DF2156A, a novel allosteric inhibitor of the CXCR1/CXCR2 receptors of interleukin-8. These testicular changes, which were associated with clinical signs, modifications of body weight parameters (decrease of body weight and weight gain) and a decrease of testosterone serum levels, were not considered to be a direct toxic effect of the test substance but secondary to a likely induced stress resulting from the oral administration of a high dose (200 mg/kg/day) of the test substance to male rats for a period of six weeks. Testicular changes consisted of seminiferous tubules atrophy and germinal cell degeneration and only occurred in animals presenting clinical signs of transient visible weight loss, ruffled fur and/or weakened condition, and/or decreased body weight and weight gain. A decrease in serum testosterone levels was only observed in those Sprague-Dawley rats affected by decreased body weight, weight gain and testicular changes. Only a single Wistar rat with testicular changes exhibited relevant reduced levels of circulating testosterone. Sperm analysis in terms of motility, morphology and number of sperm cells was altered in males presenting with morphological changes in the testes. Sprague-Dawley rats with testicular changes were more numerous and with more pronounced lesions than were Wistar rats. Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Body Weight; Interleukin-8; Male; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Semen; Sperm Motility; Testis; Testosterone; Weight Gain | 2023 |
Effects of a water-soluble formulation of tylvalosin on disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus alone in sows or in combination with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in piglets.
The effect of a water-soluble formulation of tylvalosin (Aivlosin® 625 mg/g granules) on disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyop) was investigated in two animal studies. In a PRRSV challenge model in pregnant sows (n = 18), six sows received water medicated at target dose of 5 mg tylvalosin/kg body weight/day from 3 days prior to challenge until the end of gestation. Six sows were left untreated, with a third group remaining untreated and unchallenged. Sows were challenged with PRRSV-2 at approximately 85 days of gestation. Cytokines, viremia, viral shedding, sow reproductive parameters and piglet performance to weaning were evaluated. In a dual infection study (n = 16), piglets were challenged with Mhyop on days 0, 1 and 2, and with PRRSV-1 on day 14 and euthanized on day 24. From day 10 to 20, eight piglets received water medicated at target dose of 20 mg tylvalosin/kg body weight/day and eight piglets were left untreated. Cytokines, viremia, bacteriology and lung lesions were evaluated.. Overall, tylvalosin reduced both local and systemic proinflammatory cytokines after challenge with respiratory pathogens in sows and in piglets. Tylvalosin was effective in reducing Mhyop recovery from the lungs and may reduce virus shedding in piglets following transplacental PRRSV infection in sows. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cytokines; Female; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-12; Interleukin-8; Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus; Pregnancy; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Viremia | 2023 |
[Protective effect of breviscapine against brain injury induced by intrauterine inflammation in preterm rats and its mechanism].
To study the protective effect of breviscapine against brain injury induced by intrauterine inflammation in preterm rats and its mechanism.. A preterm rat model of brain injury caused by intrauterine inflammation was prepared by intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide in pregnant rats. The pregnant rats and preterm rats were respectively randomly divided into 5 groups: control, model, low-dose breviscapine (45 mg/kg), high-dose breviscapine (90 mg/kg), and high-dose breviscapine (90 mg/kg)+ML385 [a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) inhibitor, 30 mg/kg] (. Pathological injury was found in the uterus, and placenta tissue of the pregnant rats and the brain tissue of the offspring rats, and severe microglia pyroptosis occurred in the cerebral cortex of the offspring rats in the model group. Compared with the control group, the model group had significant reductions in the number and body weight of the live offspring rats and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the brain tissue of the offspring rats (. Breviscapine can inhibit inflammatory response in brain tissue of preterm rats caused by intrauterine inflammation by activating the Nrf2 pathway, and it can also inhibit microglial pyroptosis and alleviate brain injury. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain Injuries; Caspase 1; Female; Flavonoids; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Pregnancy; Rats | 2023 |
Systemic Inflammation in the First 2 Weeks after Birth as a Determinant of Physical Growth Outcomes in Hospitalized Infants with Extremely Low Gestational Age.
To examine associations of systemic inflammation with growth outcomes at neonatal intensive care unit discharge or transfer among infants with extremely low gestational ages.. We studied 850 infants at born at 23-27 weeks of gestation. We defined inflammatory protein elevation as the highest quartile of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-∝, or IL-8 on postnatal days 1, 7, and 14. We compared z-scores of weight, length, and head circumference at neonatal intensive care unit discharge or transfer between infants with vs without inflammatory protein elevation, adjusting in linear regression for birth size z-score, sex, gestational age, diet, comorbidities, medications, and length of hospitalization.. The mean gestational age was 25 weeks (range, 23-27 weeks) and birth weight z-score 0.14 (range, -2.73 to 3.28). Infants with a high CRP on day 7 had lower weights at discharge or transfer (-0.17 z-score; 95% CI, -0.27 to -0.06) than infants without CRP elevation, with similar results on day 14. Infants with CRP elevation on day 14 were also shorter (-0.21 length z-scores; 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.04), and had smaller head circumferences (-0.18 z-scores; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.04) at discharge or transfer. IL-6 elevation on day 14 was associated with lower weight (-0.12; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.02); IL-6 elevation on day 7 was associated with shorter length (-0.27; 95% CI, -0.43 to -0.12). Tumor necrosis factor-∝ and IL-8 elevation on day 14 were associated with a lower weight at discharge or transfer.. Postnatal systemic inflammation may contribute to impaired nutrient accretion during a critical period in development in infants with extremely low gestational ages. Topics: Biomarkers; Body Height; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Cephalometry; Female; Gestational Age; Hospitalization; Humans; Infant, Extremely Premature; Infant, Newborn; Inflammation; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2022 |
Jianpi Qingchang Bushen decoction improves inflammatory response and metabolic bone disorder in inflammatory bowel disease-induced bone loss.
Bone loss and osteoporosis are commonly described as extra-intestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Jianpi Qingchang Bushen decoction (JQBD) is a prescription used in clinical practice. However, further studies are needed to determine whether JQBD regulates the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (RANK)/receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)/ osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathways and could play a role in treating IBD-induced bone loss.. To evaluate the therapeutic effect of JQBD in IBD-induced bone loss and explore the underlying mechanisms.. An IBD-induced bone loss model was constructed by feeding 12 6-to-8-wk-old interleukin-10 (IL-10)-knockout mice with piroxicam for 10 d. The mice were randomly divided into model and JQBD groups. We used wild-type mice as a control. The JQBD group was administered the JQBD suspension for 2 wk by gavage, while the control and model groups were given normal saline at the corresponding time points. All mice were killed after the intervention. The effect of JQBD on body weight, disease activity index (DAI), and colon length was analyzed. Histopathological examination, colon ultrastructure observation, and micro-computed tomographic scanning of the lumbar vertebrae were performed. The gene expression of NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in the colon was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Colon samples were assessed by Western blot for the expression of RANKL, OPG, RANK, and NF-κB proteins.. The model group lost body weight, had a shorter colon, and showed a dramatic increase in DAI score, whereas JQBD had protective and therapeutic effects. Treatment with JQBD significantly improved inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced crypt abscess and ulcer formation. Three-dimensional imaging of the vertebral centrum in the model group revealed a lower bone mass, loose trabeculae, and "rod-shaped" changes in the structure compared to the control group and JQBD groups. The bone volume/total volume ratio and bone mineral density were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group. JQBD intervention downregulated the NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 mRNA expression levels. The RANKL and OPG protein levels were also improved.. JQBD reduces inflammation of the colonic mucosa and inhibits activation of the RANK/ RANKL/OPG signaling pathway, thereby reducing osteoclast activation and bone resorption and improving bone metabolism. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Mice; NF-kappa B; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2022 |
Serum protease-activated receptor (PAR-1) levels as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.
Inflammation is a prominent clinical manifestation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T. The present study has been designed to check the serum levels of PAR-1 and correlate with various clinical manifestations and inflammatory cytokines levels in type 2 diabetic subjects.. The study population was divided into two groups, healthy volunteers (n = 15): normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (4.26 ± 0.55) and type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 30): HbA1c levels (7.80 ± 2.41). The serum levels of PAR-1 (ELISA method) were studied in both groups and correlated with demographic parameters age, weight, body mass index (BMI), and conventional inflammation biomarkers like C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).. The demographic variables including the body weight (77.38 ± 10.00 vs. controls 55.26 ± 6.99), BMI (29.39 ± 3.61 vs. controls 25.25 ± 4.01), glycemic index HbA1c (7.80 ± 2.41 vs. controls 4.26 ± 0.55) were found to be statistically increased in T. Our findings indicate that the elevated serum PAR-1 levels serve as an independent predictor of inflammation in T Topics: Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glycated Hemoglobin; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Receptor, PAR-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2022 |
Effect of Combined Antimicrobial Therapy on Ischemia/Reperfusion Myocardial Injury in Rats with Acute Inflammation of the Large Intestine against the Background of Alimentary Obesity.
We studied the effect of combined antimicrobial therapy with amoxicillin, metronidazole, and clarithromycin on the severity of ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury in Wistar rats with alimentary obesity and acute inflammation of the large intestine. General ischemia/reperfusion was reproduced on Langendorff-perfused isolated hearts and infarct size was estimated. Acute inflammation of the large intestine was accompanied by an increase in the blood levels of proinflammatory cytokines. The presence of obesity and acute inflammation of the large intestine did not significantly affect the infarct size in comparison with the control. Administration of antimicrobial drugs to animals with obesity and acute inflammation of the large intestine led to a significant increase in the infarct size, which should be considered when prescribing antimicrobial therapy to patients with comorbidity. Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Bifidobacterium; Body Weight; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Intestine, Large; Lactobacillus; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Obesity; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2020 |
PM2.5 in poultry houses synergizes with
High concentrations of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) in poultry houses is an important cause of respiratory disease in animals and humans.. In this study, we focused on the synergistic induction of inflammatory injury in the respiratory system and the related molecular mechanisms induced by PM2.5 and. High-throughput 16S rDNA sequence analysis was used for characterizing the bacterial diversity and relative abundance of the PM2.5 samples, and the effects of PM2.5 and. Sequencing results indicated that the PM2.5 in poultry houses contained a high abundance of potentially pathogenic genera, such as. The results confirmed that poultry house PM2.5 in combination with Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; Particulate Matter; Pneumonia; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2020 |
Soluble Fibre Meal Challenge Reduces Airway Inflammation and Expression of GPR43 and GPR41 in Asthma.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced following the fermentation of soluble fibre by gut bacteria. In animal models, both dietary fibre and SCFAs have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects via the activation of free fatty acid receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptor 41 and 43 (GPR41 and GPR43). This pilot study examined the acute effect of a single dose of soluble fibre on airway inflammation-including changes in gene expression of free fatty acid receptors-in asthma. Adults with stable asthma consumed a soluble fibre meal ( Topics: Adult; Asthma; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Dietary Fiber; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Inulin; Macrophages; Male; Meals; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Nitric Oxide; Pilot Projects; Probiotics; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Sputum; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
The effects of increasing supplementation of zinc-amino acid complex on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and inflammatory response of beef cattle fed ractopamine hydrochloride.
Forty-two Angus crossbred steers (380 ± 5.3 kg) were enrolled in a finishing study to evaluate the influence of a supplemental Zn amino-acid complex (ZnAA; Availa-Zn) on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers in combination with ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC). Steers were stratified by BW into 7 pens of 6 steers each, and individual feed intake was measured. Steers were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments for 86 d (pre-RAC period): a dry-rolled corn-based diet supplemented with 60 mg Zn/kg DM from ZnSO and no supplemental ZnAA (CON; analyzed 88 mg Zn/kg DM; = 6) or CON diet supplemented with 30 (Zn30; = 12), 60 (Zn60; = 12), or 90 (Zn90; = 11) mg Zn/kg DM from ZnAA. Day 86 BW and G:F displayed a quadratic tendency ( = 0.09) with Zn60 steers being greater than the other treatments. Plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate tended to linearly increase with increasing ZnAA ( = 0.10). On d 88, 6 of 12 steers (one of the 2 pens) receiving supplemental ZnAA was randomly selected to be supplemented with RAC at 300 mg∙steer∙d for the final 28 d of the experiment (RAC period). This created 7 final treatments: CON: no supplemental ZnAA, no RAC ( = 5); Zn30: Zn30, no RAC ( = 5); Zn30R: Zn30 + RAC ( = 6); Zn60: Zn60, no RAC ( = 6); Zn60R: Zn60 + RAC ( = 6); Zn90: Zn90, no RAC ( = 5); and Zn90R: Zn90 + RAC ( = 6). During the RAC period, as supplemental ZnAA increased within RAC-supplemented treatments, there was a linear increase in final BW, ADG, and G:F ( < 0.05). However, there was no effect of supplemental ZnAA on BW, ADG, or G:F during this period in non-RAC fed steers ( ≥ 0.44). Day 111 plasma Cu was increased, plasma Fe decreased, and leukocyte counts and serum interleukin-8 concentrations were greater ( < 0.05) in RAC-fed steers suggesting that RAC may elicit a mild inflammatory response. There was a tendency for increasing Zn supplementation to decrease plasma haptoglobin within RAC-fed steers ( = 0.07), suggesting that Zn may alter the inflammatory response. Overall, Zn60 improved growth performance during the pre-RAC period. Zinc supplemented as ZnAA appears to improve growth in combination with RAC supplementation, suggesting that Zn may enhance or support the biological function of RAC. Additionally, these results indicate that feeding RAC impacts trace mineral status, and potentially causes a non-specific inflammatory response, but further research is required to define this response. Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Body Composition; Body Weight; Cattle; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Male; Phenethylamines; Trace Elements; Zea mays; Zinc | 2016 |
The effect of carvacrol on systemic inflammation in guinea pigs model of COPD induced by cigarette smoke exposure.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a epidemic disease which is mainly due to cigarette smoking. The effect of carvacrol on systemic inflammation in guinea pig model of COPD was examined in the present study.. Guinea pigs of both sexes were divided into 6 groups, including: control, COPD, COPD+drinking water containing three concentrations of carvacrol and COPD+dexamethasone. Animals were exposed to cigarette smoke for 3 months in order to induce animal model of COPD. Weight changes, serum levels of IL-8 and malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as total and differential white blood cell (WBC) were measured (n=5 for control and COPD groups and n=6 for other groups).. Serum levels of IL-8 and MDA, total WBC (p<0.01 for all cases) and eosinophil counts (p<0.05) were increased and weight changes were decreased (p<0.05) in COPD group compared to controls. Serum MDA level and total WBC in treated groups with two higher carvacrol concentrations, eosinophil, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentage in those treated with its high concentration as well as IL-8 level and weight change in treated groups with its all concentrations and in dexamethasone treated group were significantly improved compared to COPD group (p<0.05 to p<0.001).. These results showed a preventive effect of the carvacrol on all measured parameter in COPD guinea pigs which was comparable to the effect of dexamethasone at used concentrations. Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Body Weight; Cymenes; Dexamethasone; Eosinophils; Female; Guinea Pigs; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Leukocyte Count; Male; Malondialdehyde; Monoterpenes; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Tobacco Smoke Pollution | 2015 |
An infant formula toxicity and toxicokinetic feeding study on carrageenan in preweaning piglets with special attention to the immune system and gastrointestinal tract.
A toxicity/toxicokinetic swine-adapted infant formula feeding study was conducted in Domestic Yorkshire Crossbred Swine from lactation day 3 for 28 consecutive days during the preweaning period at carrageenan concentrations of 0, 300, 1000 and 2250 ppm under GLP guidelines. This study extends the observations in newborn baboons (McGill et al., 1977) to piglets and evaluates additional parameters: organ weights, clinical chemistry, special gastrointestinal tract stains (toluidine blue, Periodic Acid-Schiff), plasma levels of carrageenan; and evaluation of potential immune system effects. Using validated methods, immunophenotyping of blood cell types (lymphocytes, monocytes, B cells, helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, mature T cells), sandwich immunoassays for blood cytokine evaluations (IL-6, IL-8, IL1β, TNF-α), and immunohistochemical staining of the gut for IL-8 and TNF-α were conducted. No treatment-related adverse effects at any carrageenan concentration were found on any parameter. Glucosuria in a few animals was not considered treatment-related. The high dose in this study, equivalent to ~430 mg/kg/day, provides an adequate margin of exposure for human infants, as affirmed by JECFA and supports the safe use of carrageenan for infants ages 0-12 weeks and older and infants with special medical needs. Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Carrageenan; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Gastrointestinal Tract; Immune System; Infant Formula; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Organ Size; Swine; Toxicity Tests; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2015 |
Modulation of intestinal inflammation by minimal enteral nutrition with amniotic fluid in preterm pigs.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe inflammatory disorder, associated with the difficult transition from parenteral to enteral feeding after preterm birth. We hypothesized that minimal enteral nutrition (MEN) with amniotic fluid (AF), prior to enteral formula feeding, would improve resistance to NEC in preterm pigs.. Experiment 1: IEC-6 cells were incubated with porcine (pAF) and human AF (hAF) to test AF-stimulated enterocyte proliferation and migration in vitro. Experiment 2: Cesarean-delivered, preterm pigs were fed parenteral nutrition and MEN with pAF, hAF, or control fluid (MEN-pAF, MEN-hAF, or MEN-CTRL; all n = 9) for 2 days before tissue collection. Experiment 3: Preterm pigs were fed MEN diets as in experiment 2, but followed by 2 days of enteral formula feeding, which predisposes to NEC (NEC-pAF, NEC-hAF, or NEC-CTRL; n = 10-12).. Both pAF and hAF stimulated enterocyte proliferation and migration in vitro. In experiment 2, MEN-pAF and MEN-hAF pigs showed increased body weight gain and reduced intestinal interleukin (IL)-8 and colonic IL-6 levels, indicating reduced inflammatory response. In experiment 3, body weight gain was highest in the 2 groups fed AF as MEN, but NEC incidences were similar (NEC-pAF) or increased (NEC-hAF) compared with controls.. Intake of pAF or hAF improved body growth and modulated intestinal inflammatory cytokines during a period of parenteral nutrition, but did not protect against later formula-induced NEC in preterm pigs. Further studies are required to show if MEN feeding with species-specific AF, combined with an optimal enteral diet (eg, human milk), will improve adaptation during the transition from parenteral to enteral feeding in preterm neonates. Topics: Amniotic Fluid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Cell Line; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Enteral Nutrition; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Enterocytes; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Male; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Swine; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Relationship between adiposity, adipokines, inflammatory markers and lipid profile in hemodialysis patients.
Our aim is to study the correlations of leptin and adiponectin with inflammation markers, body composition and lipid profile in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.. Phase angle values and fat mass as calculated using BIA, Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS), leptin, adiponectin, IL-6, IL-8 triglycerides, cholesterol and other common serum markers' concentrations were analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression models in 47 hemodialysis patients.. In contrast to leptin, adiponectin is inversely correlated to BMI and fat mass in hemodialysis patients. Triglycerides were the only parameter that retained its statistical correlation significance with adiponectin in the multiple regression model.. Fat mass is of important consideration when calculating adipokines levels and their possible correlations with other variables. The inverse correlation of adiponectin with triglycerides levels should be further delineated due to the important role of vascular diseases in total mortality and morbidity of ESRD patients. Topics: Adiponectin; Adiposity; Body Composition; Body Height; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Cholesterol; Female; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Leptin; Male; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Renal Dialysis; Triglycerides | 2014 |
Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of Yupingfeng powder on chronic bronchitis rats.
To investigate the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of Yupingfeng (, YPF) Powder and its components in rats.. A rat chronic bronchitis (CB) model was developed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG). YPF, simple recipe Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge (AM) and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge plus rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (AM+RA) decoction were administered (intragastric administration, once a day for 21 days) to rats, to prevent and treat CB. Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of YPF, AM and AM+RA were tested by serum pharmacology in vitro on splenic lymphocytes of normal rats and alveolar macrophages of CB rats.. Inflammation in the pulmonary tissue and the bronchus of CB rats was significantly reduced in the YPF-treatment groups, AM and AM+RA groups demonstrating the efficacy of YPF. Serum samples collected at different times from rats after administration of YPF, AM and AM+RA demonstrated increased proliferation of splenic lymphocytes with area under the effect curve (AUE) of 552.6%, 336.3% and 452.0%, respectively. Treatment of alveolar macrophages with serum samples in YPF, AM or AM+RA group inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the cell culture media, and the effect was much better in the YPF group compared with AM or AM+RA group, with a higher maximal effect (Emax, P<0.05) and larger AUE (P <0.01 and P<0.05). Moreover, serum from rats treated with AM or AM+RA had similar efficacy, while the efficiency was lower than that treated with YPF.. YPF demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects in a rat model of CB, and timedependent relationships were demonstrated in vitro. Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Body Weight; Bronchitis, Chronic; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Immunologic Factors; Interleukin-8; Lung; Lymphocytes; Macrophages, Alveolar; Powders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spleen; Time Factors | 2013 |
Targeting annexin A7 by a small molecule suppressed the activity of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C in vascular endothelial cells and inhibited atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E⁻/⁻mice.
Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) is a key factor in apoptosis and autophagy of vascular endothelial cells (VECs), and involved in atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E⁻/⁻ (apoE⁻/⁻) mice. But the endogenous regulators of PC-PLC are not known. We recently found a small chemical molecule (6-amino-2, 3-dihydro-3-hydroxymethyl-1, 4-benzoxazine, ABO) that could inhibit oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced apoptosis and promote autophagy in VECs, and further identified ABO as an inhibitor of annexin A7 (ANXA7) GTPase. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that ANXA7 is an endogenous regulator of PC-PLC, and targeting ANXA7 by ABO may inhibit atherosclerosis in apoE⁻/⁻ mice. In this study, we tested our hypothesis. The results showed that ABO suppressed oxLDL-induced increase of PC-PLC level and activity and promoted the co-localization of ANXA7 and PC-PLC in VECs. The experiments of ANXA7 knockdown and overexpression demonstrated that the action of ABO was ANXA7-dependent in cultured VECs. To investigate the relation of ANXA7 with PC-PLC in atherosclerosis, apoE⁻/⁻ mice fed with a western diet were treated with 50 or 100 mg/kg/day ABO. The results showed that ABO decreased PC-PLC levels in the mouse aortic endothelium and PC-PLC activity in serum, and enhanced the protein levels of ANXA7 in the mouse aortic endothelium. Furthermore, both dosages of ABO significantly enhanced autophagy and reduced apoptosis in the mouse aortic endothelium. As a result, ABO significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque area and effectively preserved a stable plaques phenotype, including reduced lipid deposition and pro-inflammatory macrophages, increased anti-inflammatory macrophages, collagen content and smooth muscle cells, and less cell death in the plaques. In conclusion, ANXA7 was an endogenous regulator of PC-PLC, and targeting ANXA7 by ABO inhibited atherosclerosis in apoE⁻/⁻ mice. Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Animals; Annexin A7; Aorta; Apolipoproteins E; Atherosclerosis; Autophagy; Benzoxazines; Body Weight; Cells, Cultured; Endothelium, Vascular; Heat-Shock Proteins; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lipids; Lipoproteins, LDL; Mice; Phagosomes; Phenotype; Sequestosome-1 Protein; Small Molecule Libraries; Type C Phospholipases | 2013 |
Mucosal loss with increased expression of IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 in a formula-feeding only neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis.
The aim of our study is to establish a reliable neonatal rat model by formula feeding only for evaluation of early surgical intervention on the course of experimental necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).. Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 50 breast-fed (group 1) and 38 formula fed (Similac/Esbilac, group 2) animals. The pups were sacrificed on the 4th, 5th, and 6th day of life and the terminal intestine examined for macroscopic and histologic changes as well as cytokine expression.. The histological mucosal damage was significantly higher of group 2 compared to group 1. The area of the vital mucosa of group 2 was significantly (58.57%, p<0.001) lower compared to group 1 (75.12%). The mRNA expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and COX-2 was significantly 2-, 5- and 10-fold increased in group 2 compared to group 1.. Formula fed newborn rats displayed an inflammatory enterocolitis similar to human NEC. Our study demonstrates a significant loss of mucosa in animals with NEC having increased expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and COX-2. Mucosal loss appears to be a distinct feature of experimental NEC and has to be correlated with the human disease. Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Ileum; Infant; Infant Formula; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Intestinal Mucosa; Milk; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2013 |
Inflammatory responses of the rat lungs in cold-dryness syndrome in the northwest of China.
To examine changes in body weight and the lung inflammation factors interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in a rat model of cold-dryness syndrome in Northwest (Xinjiang) China to provide a reference for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with local peculiarities.. The rat COPD model was established by intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) in combination with cigarette smoking (CS). The rat model of cold-dryness syndrome of COPD in the northwest of China was set up by intratracheal instillation of PPE in combination with CS and environmental cold-dryness stress. The level of IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data were analyzed using the software SPSS 11.5.. (1) Body weight was less in the two model groups than that of control group (P < 0.01), PPE plus CS cold-dryness group was less than that of PPE plus CS group (P < 0.01). (2) IL-1beta in BALF significantly increased in PPE plus CS and cold-dryness group than that of control group (P < 0.01). (3) IL-8 and TNF-alpha in BALF significantly increased in PPE plus CS and cold-dryness group and PPE plus CS group than that of control group (P < 0.01).. Body weight in COPD model rats was reduced compared with controls. Cold-dryness may aggravate such a condition lung inflammation in the model was mainly manifested by an increase in IL-1beta, IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels, with no change in IL-10 levels. Cold-dryness may aggravate lung inflammation of COPD. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; China; Cold Temperature; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-8; Male; Nicotiana; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Smoke; Syndrome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2012 |
Effects of Ramadan fasting on biochemical and hematological parameters and cytokines in healthy and obese individuals.
The typical nutritional plan in Ramadan may have beneficial influences on the inflammatory state, as well as on metabolic and anthropometric parameters. We aimed to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on biochemical and hematological parameters and cytokines in healthy and obese individuals.. This study was performed during the Ramadan holy month (September and October 2007). The study group consisted of 10 obese males and the control group consisted of 10 males with a normal body mass index (BMI), who were admitted to the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of Dicle University Medical Faculty in Diyarbakir, Turkey, and who indicated that they were going to fast throughout the entire month of Ramadan. Individuals with any acute or chronic disease or medication during the study were excluded. Height, weight, BMI, and waist and hip circumferences were measured. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), urea, creatinine, insulin, total protein, albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and cytokine levels were evaluated.. The average age of the participants was 27.4 ± 5.2 years. Of the study group, 7 fulfilled the criteria of metabolic syndrome. Significant weight reduction, significant decrease in BMI, and significant decrease of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were observed in study group; weight and BMI reduction were insignificant and no significant change was observed in FBG levels, but a significant increase was observed in HOMA-IR in the control group. Post-Ramadan systolic and diastolic blood pressure values, serum white blood cells (WBC) count, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, TG, and ALT levels were significantly lower in both groups compared to pre-Ramadan values.. Ramadan fasting has beneficial influences on the inflammatory state, as well as metabolic and anthropometric parameters. Topics: Adult; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; C-Reactive Protein; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Cholesterol, LDL; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fasting; Humans; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-8; Islam; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Religion; Triglycerides; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Combined CXCR1/CXCR2 antagonism decreases radiation-induced alveolitis in the mouse.
The mechanisms leading to the radiation-induced lung responses of alveolitis and fibrosis are largely unknown. Herein we investigated whether CXC receptor 1 and 2 antagonism with CXCL8((3-72))K11R/G31P (G31P), a protein that reduces neutrophil chemotaxis in acute inflammatory response models, decreases the lung response to radiation. Mice of the AKR/J (alveolitis/pneumonitis responding) and KK/HIJ (fibrosis) strains received 18 Gy whole-thorax irradiation and a subset of these mice were treated with G31P (500 µg/kg) three times per week from the day of irradiation until euthanasia due to respiratory distress symptoms or 20 weeks after radiation treatment. Irradiated mice of both strains receiving G31P survived longer than mice receiving radiation alone. Radiation- and G31P-treated AKR/J mice surviving to the end of the experiment developed significantly less alveolitis, as measured histologically, than mice receiving radiation alone, but this difference was not evident in KK/HIJ mice. Using immunohistochemistry, G31P treatment was shown to increase the numbers of Gr-1-positive cells (neutrophils) in the lungs of unirradiated mice relative to control mice injected with saline, but the antagonist did not alter the numbers of Gr-1-positive cells in the lungs of radiation-treated mice. We conclude that G31P treatment reduces radiation-induced alveolitis but not fibrosis in mice. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cell Count; Female; Inflammation; Interleukin-8; Mice; Neutrophils; Peptide Fragments; Phenotype; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Receptors, Interleukin-8A; Receptors, Interleukin-8B; Thorax | 2011 |
Multiple berry types prevent N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal cancer in rats.
The present study compared the ability of different berry types to prevent chemically-induced tumorigenesis in the rat esophagus. We also determined if berries influence the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the serum of carcinogen-treated rats.. Rats were treated with the carcinogen N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) for 5 weeks, then placed on diets containing 5% of either black or red raspberries, strawberries, blueberries, noni, açaí or wolfberry until the end of the study. The effects of the berries on tumor incidence, multiplicity and size were determined, as well as their effects on the levels of selected inflammatory cytokines in serum.. All berry types were about equally effective in inhibiting NMBA-induced tumorigenesis in the rat esophagus. They also reduced the levels of the serum cytokines, interleukin 5 (IL-5) and GRO/KC, the rat homologue for human interleukin-8 (IL-8), and this was associated with increased serum antioxidant capacity.. Seven berry types were about equally capable of inhibiting tumor progression in the rat esophagus in spite of known differences in levels of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. Serum levels of IL-5 and GRO/KC (IL-8) may be predictive of the inhibitory effect of chemopreventive agents on rat esophageal carcinogenesis. Topics: Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antioxidants; Body Weight; Chemoprevention; Dimethylnitrosamine; Eating; Esophageal Neoplasms; Fruit; Humans; Interleukin-5; Interleukin-8; Male; Phytotherapy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2010 |
Correlation between blood pressure, cytokines and nitric oxide in conscious rabbits injected with Leiurus quinquestriatus quinquestriatus scorpion venom.
Activation of the inflammatory response with the release and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines is among the factors thought to be important in the pathogenesis of many deleterious inflammatory effects seen in case of scorpion envenomation. The released inflammatory mediators interact in the body with a large number of proteins and receptors; this interaction determines the eventual inflammatory effect of the venom. Thus, in the present study an attempt was made to map the time course of scorpion envenomation and correlate the effects observed on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems with the changes that could take place in the levels of selected cytokines and nitric oxide during the course of experimental envenomation. New Zealand white male conscious rabbits were prepared for blood pressure recording. Arterial blood pressure was measured from the left central ear artery while a cannula was inserted into the right central ear artery and blood samples collected at different time interval after venom injection for biochemical and hematological analyses. In general, subcutaneous injection of Leiurus quinquestriatus quinquestriatus venom caused a significant (P+/-0.05) triphasic effect on BP consisting of an initial transient reduction, followed by an increase that peaked 2h after venom injection, and a gradual terminal hypotensive phase. The significantly high serum level of IL8, TNFalpha (P<0.001) and nitric oxide (P<0.0001) observed in the present study supports the evidence for the role of these potent vasodilators in the terminal hypotension that is usually observed in humans and animals after envenomation. Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Consciousness; Cytokines; Interleukin-8; Lung; Male; Nitric Oxide; Organ Size; Rabbits; Scorpion Venoms; Scorpions; Serum; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
Regulatory effects of hydrogen sulfide on IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels in the plasma and pulmonary tissue of rats with acute lung injury.
We examined the possible role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the pathogenesis of oleic acid (OA)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and its regulatory effects on the inflammatory response. Compared to control rats, the OA-treated rats had decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood (PaO2) levels, an increased pulmonary wet/dry weight (W/D) ratio, increased index of quantitative assessment (IQA) score and increased frequency of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells in the lung 2, 4 or 6 h after OA injection (0.1 ml/kg, intravenous injection). In addition, significantly increased IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels together with decreased H2S levels were observed in the plasma and lung tissue of OA-treated rats compared to controls. Administration of the H2S donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 56 micromol/L, intraperitoneal injection) into OA-treated rats increased the PaO2 level, reduced the lung W/D ratio and infiltration of PMN cells, and alleviated the degree of ALI (measured by the IQA score). In addition, NaHS decreased IL-6 and IL-8 levels but increased IL-10 levels in the plasma and lung tissues, suggesting that H2S may regulate the inflammatory response during ALI via regulation of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10. Thus, the down-regulation of endogenous H2S production might be involved in the pathogenesis of OA-induced ALI in rats. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cell Differentiation; Hydrogen Sulfide; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Leukocytes; Male; Oleic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiratory Distress Syndrome | 2008 |
Severe seasonal influenza in ferrets correlates with reduced interferon and increased IL-6 induction.
Even though ferrets are one of the principal animal models for influenza pathogenesis, the lack of suitable immunological reagents has so far limited their use in host response studies. Using recently established real-time PCR assays for a panel of ferret cytokines, we analyzed the local ferret immune response to human influenza isolates of the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes that varied in their virulence. We observed that the severity of clinical signs correlated with gross- and histopathological changes in the lungs and was subtype-independent. Strains causing a mild disease were associated with a strong and rapid innate response and upregulation of IL-8, while severe infections were characterized by a lesser induction of type I and II interferons and strong IL-6 upregulation. These findings suggest that more virulent strains may interfere more efficiently with the host response at early disease stages. Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Ferrets; Gene Expression Profiling; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype; Interferons; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Lung; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Orthomyxoviridae Infections; Seasons; Severity of Illness Index | 2008 |
Gliotoxin reduces the severity of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice: evidence of the connection between heme oxygenase-1 and the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in vitro and in vivo.
Gliotoxin, a fungal metabolite, has been known to show strong immunosuppressive properties, although its mechanisms are not completely understood. In this report, the authors investigated the mechanism whereby gliotoxin has anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis.. Body weight, histological scores, and myeloperoxidase activity were evaluated in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-12, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were detected by immunohistochemical staining. IL-8 secretion was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and I-kappaB degradation were analyzed by Western blot.. Pretreatment of human epithelial HT-29 cells with gliotoxin significantly blocked the I-kappaB degradation and NF-kappaB p65 nuclear translocation induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha or IL-1beta; these were parallel with the inhibition of IL-8 secretion and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in the same cells. Interestingly, gliotoxin induced HO-1 in HT-29 cells and, in turn, inhibition of HO-1 activity by a zinc protoporphyrin IX reversed the effects of gliotoxin in terms of I-kappaB degradation, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, and IL-8 production. In trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis, gliotoxin administration significantly improved the clinical and histopathological symptoms. Notably, gliotoxin also induced HO-1 in the colonic mucosa and zinc protoporphyrin IX reversed the protective effects of gliotoxin in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis.. These results demonstrate for the first time that the anti-inflammatory actions mediated by gliotoxin include HO-1 induction and the subsequent blockade of NF-kappaB-dependent signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo. The current results also demonstrate that gliotoxin may be an effective agent for the treatment of diseases characterized by mucosal inflammation. Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Body Weight; Caco-2 Cells; Colitis; Gliotoxin; Heme Oxygenase-1; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Inflammation; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-8; Mice; NF-kappa B; Peroxidase; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
The relationship among serum cytokines, chemokine, nitric oxide, and leptin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cytokines, leptin and vascular tone-related chemokine and nitric oxide (NO) in type 1 diabetic children.. Serum samples were collected from 58 children with type 1 diabetes and 33 of their healthy siblings.. Serum interleukin (IL)-8 was significantly higher and serum nitric oxide was significantly lower in the children with diabetes than in their healthy siblings. Stepwise regression analysis showed that there were significantly positive correlations between IL-1beta and IL-6, IL-1beta and nitric oxide, IL-4 and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-4 and leptin, IL-8 and IL-2, and interferon (IFN)-gamma and IL-6, as well as significantly inversed correlations between IL-6 and IL-2, IL-8 and interferon-gamma, and leptin and TNF-alpha in siblings, not in the children with diabetes. However, there were significantly positive correlations between IL-2 and IL-4, IL-2 and leptin, IL-4 and IL-6, and TNF-alpha and IL-6 in children with diabetes.. Our results suggest that the alterations of circulating IL-8 and nitric oxide levels and cytokine network in children with diabetes may be associated with the cardiovascular disease in their adulthood. Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Chemokines; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Infant; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Leptin; Male; Nitric Oxide; Regression Analysis | 2004 |
Inhibition of interleukin-8 reduces human malignant pleural mesothelioma propagation in nude mouse model.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), despite current therapeutic strategies, is still an aggressive tumor with a very poor prognosis. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a proinflammatory and angiogenic cytokine, has an important role in tumor-related neovascularization. IL-8 has also been described to function as an autocrine growth factor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of IL-8 antibody (IL-8 Ab) on progression of MPM in vivo. Athymic nude mice (n = 65) were injected intrapleurally with human MPM cells (CRL-2081), equally divided into three groups (IL-8 Ab, control Ab, untreated), and received IP injection of IL-8 Ab, control Ab, or no treatment, respectively, every 48 h up to 15 days. Pleural fluid and serum IL-8 levels, and tumor and body weight of mice were measured following 5, 10, and 15 days of tumor injection. We found that both pleural fluid and serum IL-8 levels were significantly (P < 0.0001) lower in mice that received IL-8 Ab when compared to the other groups. In this group, lower IL-8 levels were associated with a decreased rate of tumor growth. There was a significant and direct correlation between pleural fluid IL-8 levels and tumor weight of all animals enrolled in this study (P < 0.0001, r = 0.88). We demonstrate that antibody treatment against IL-8 decreased human MPM progression. Our results suggest that treatments targeting the decrease of MPM-associated IL-8 levels or the effects of this protein may inhibit mesothelioma growth. Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Body Weight; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Interleukin-8; Leukocyte Count; Male; Mesothelioma; Mice; Mice, Nude; Pleural Effusion; Pleural Neoplasms | 1999 |
Interleukin-1-alpha and de novo mammalian angiogenesis.
In the literature, the role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) as an angiogen is controversial. The ability of IL-1-alpha to induce de novo angiogenesis in adult rats was studied using the mesenteric window angiogenesis assay (MWAA). Murine recombinant IL-1-alpha was injected intraperitoneally twice daily on Days 0 to 4 at 11.8 pM, 118 pM, and 1.18 nM and groups of animals were sacrificed on Days 7, 14, 21 and 28; controls received the vehicle. Angiogenesis was quantified in terms of microvascular spatial extension and density using technically independent microscopic techniques and image analysis. Compared with the vehicle control, the treatment with IL-1-alpha at doses of 118 pM and 1.18 nM induced statistically significant angiogenesis throughout the study period, whereas IL-1-alpha at 11.8 pM did not induce significant angiogenesis in statistical terms until Days 21 and 28. Compared with the previously reported angiogenic response to VEGF165, bFGF, IL-8, and TNF-alpha using the rat MWAA and the same standardized experimental protocol, the IL-1-alpha treatment displayed a higher degree of efficacy and potency than that of bFGF, IL-8, and TNF-alpha. Moreover, the duration of the significant response to IL-1-alpha exceeded that of bFGF, IL-8, and TNF-alpha. The present data indicate that IL-1-alpha at near-physiologic doses is a very effective angiogenic factor in the system used here. The response may well be multifactorially mediated, as is discussed, and the molecular mechanisms which are involved remain to be clarified. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Histamine Release; Interleukin-1; Interleukin-8; Male; Mast Cells; Mesentery; Mice; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1997 |
Prophylactic effect of dietary glutamine supplementation on interleukin 8 and tumour necrosis factor alpha production in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid induced colitis.
It is well established that glutamine supplemented elemental diets result in less severe intestinal damage in experimental colitis. However, few studies have examined the mode of action of glutamine in reducing intestinal damage.. To examine the effects of glutamine supplemented elemental diets on the potent inflammatory cytokines interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis which presents with both acute and chronic features of ulcerative colitis.. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomised into three dietary groups and fed 20% casein (controls), or 20% casein supplemented with either 2% glutamine (2% Gln) or 4% glutamine (4% Gln). After two weeks they received intracolonic TNBS to induce colitis.. Both Gln groups of rats gained more weight than the control group (p < 0.05) which had progressive weight loss. Colon weight, macroscopic, and microscopic damage scores for the Gln groups were lower than in the control group (p < 0.05). IL-8 and TNF-alpha concentrations in inflamed colonic tissues were lower in the Gln groups than in the control group (p < 0.05), and correlated well with disease severity. Bacterial translocation was lower both in incidence (p < 0.05) and in the number of colony forming units (p < 0.05) for the Gln groups, than in the control group. With respect to all indices studied, the 4% Gln group performed better than did the 2% Gln group.. Prophylactic glutamine supplementation modulates the inflammatory activities of IL-8 and TNF-alpha in TNBS induced colitis. Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Weight; Colitis; Colon; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Glutamine; Interleukin-8; Intestinal Mucosa; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics, Nonparametric; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 1997 |
Interleukin-8 and de novo mammalian angiogenesis.
In the rat mesenteric-window angiogenesis assay (MWAA), the test tissue is natively vascularized, lacks significant physiological angiogenesis and its homeostasis is unperturbed by surgical intervention. Using the rat MWAA, it is shown here that interleukin-8 (IL-8), administered at approximately physiological doses, is able to induce de novo angiogenesis. Human recombinant IL-8 was administered intraperitoneally at two daily doses of 25 pM, 250 pM and 2.5 nM for 5 consecutive days (days 0-4). Using microscopic, computer-aided techniques including image analysis, the de novo angiogenic response was quantified in groups of animals on days 7, 14 and 21 in terms of the relative vascularized area (VA), a measure of the microvascular spatial extension, and the microvascular length (MVL), a measure of microvascular density or length. The total microvascular length (TMVL) was computed from VA x MVL. A statistically significant angiogenic effect was found in terms of MVL on day 7 and in terms of VA and TMVL on day 14 following the treatment with 2.5 nM, whereas MVL was significantly increased in statistical terms on day 14 following the treatment with IL-8 at the low dose of 25 pM. Notably, IL-8 at the intermediate dose of 250 pM did not induce a statistically significant angiogenic effect in terms of VA, MVL or TMVL on any observation occasion, thereby suggesting that the dose-related angiogenic effect of IL-8 may be nonlinear. This appears to be the first paper showing that IL-8 is able to induce de novo angiogenesis in normally vascularized mammalian tissue. Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Fibroblasts; Humans; Interleukin-8; Male; Mammals; Mast Cells; Mitogens; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins; Time Factors | 1996 |