indigo-carmine and Dermatitis--Allergic-Contact

Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Ear, External; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Indigo Carmine; Middle Aged; Neck; Patch Tests

Indigo naturalis (IND) is an herbal medicine that has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat diseases including dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease in China. However, the mechanism by which IND exerts its immunomodulatory effect is not well understood.. A murine model of dermatitis and inflammatory bowel disease, both induced by oxazolone (OXA), was treated with IND. The severity of dermatitis was evaluated based on ear thickness measurements and histological scoring. The severity of colitis was evaluated by measuring body weight, histological scoring, and endoscopic scoring. The expression of inflammatory cytokines in ear and colon tissue was evaluated using real-time PCR. 16S rRNA DNA sequencing of feces from OXA-induced colitis mice was performed before and after IND treatment. The effects of IND on OXA-induced colitis were also evaluated after depleting the gut flora with antibiotics to test whether alteration of the gut flora by IND influenced the course of intestinal inflammation in this model.. IND treatment ameliorated OXA dermatitis with a reduction in IL-4 and eosinophil recruitment. However, OXA colitis was significantly aggravated in spite of a reduction in intestinal IL-13, a pivotal cytokine in the induction of the colitis. It was found that IND dramatically altered the gut flora and IND no longer exacerbated colitis when colitis was induced after gut flora depletion.. Our data suggest that IND could modify the inflammatory immune response in multiple ways, either directly (i.e., modification of the allergic immune cell activity) or indirectly (i.e., alteration of commensal compositions).

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Colitis; Colon; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; DNA, Bacterial; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Indigo Carmine; Interleukin-13; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxazolone; Phytotherapy; Skin

We report a case of a 50-year-old lady with allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine, who in her quest to find a substitute hair dye, subsequently reacted to a number of plant-based hair dyes, including pure henna, black tea and indigo powder respectively. While these substances all contain tannins, testing to possible constituents tannic acid and gallic acid was negative.

Topics: Allergens; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Lawsonia Plant; Middle Aged; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Pruritus; Scalp Dermatoses; Severity of Illness Index; Tea

Dye mixtures containing henna, P-phenylenediamine (PPD), and indigo are applied to the skin in various parts of the world for religious purposes, social recognition or fun.. To identify eventual allergens responsible for contact sensitization to skin decoration in three young children. Lesions remained strictly limited to the site painted during the summer holiday. None of the children had a previous history of contact dermatitis, but two of them suffered from severe seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.. Patch testing revealed severe contact hypersensitivity to PPD in all three patients, and one child presented a positive prick test to 1% henna in water. The eruptions resolved following spontaneous elimination of the dyes and topical applications of corticosteroids, but left residual depigmentation.. PPD is the main allergen identified in allergic reactions to decorative skin paintings.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Coloring Agents; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Risk Assessment; Tattooing