indigo-carmine and Chronic-Disease

Endoscopic features corresponding to pathological findings in the Sydney System have not been identified, and endoscopic diagnosis of chronic gastritis has not yet been established. To establish the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in gastric mucosa by endoscopic features, a prospective multicenter study was carried out.. Two hundred and ninety-seven registered patients from 24 facilities between March 2008 and February 2009 were enrolled. Association between endoscopic findings (conventional findings and indigocarmine contrast (IC) method findings) and diagnosis of H. pylori infection made by microscopic observation of biopsy specimens was investigated in the corpus and antrum and their diagnostic accuracies were investigated.. Two hundred and seventy-five patients were analyzed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for H. pylori infection of conventional endoscopy was 0.811 in thecorpus and 0.707 in the antrum (P = 0.006). Evaluation of diffuse redness, spotty redness and mucosal swelling by conventional endoscopy and swelling of areae gastricae by the indigocarmine contrast (IC) method were useful for diagnosing H. pylori infection. Regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) in the angle, fundic gland polyposis, hemorrhagic erosion and bleeding spot in the corpus and red streaks, and erosions (flat, raised, hemorrhagic and bleeding spot) in the antrum may be used as diagnostic features suggesting negative H. pylori infection.. It is suggested that endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection in gastric mucosa by conventional endoscopy and the IC method is mostly possible.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Area Under Curve; Biopsy, Needle; Chronic Disease; Contrast Media; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Indigo Carmine; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; ROC Curve; Sensitivity and Specificity

It has been reported in the Chinese literature that indigo naturalis exhibits potential antipsoriatic effects in systemic therapy.. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topically applied indigo naturalis on treating plaque-type psoriasis and to analyze the histological change in skin tissues.. Fourteen patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were enrolled. The patients were topically applied with either indigo naturalis ointment or vehicle ointment on contralateral skin lesions daily for 8 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated on the basis of the clinical scores, including induration, scaling, erythema and clearing percentage. At the end of treatment, skin punch biopsies were taken and prepared for the immunohistochemical analysis.. A significant reduction in clinical scores was achieved with topically applied indigo naturalis ointment. Analysis of biopsies showed a marked improvement of skin histology. The expressions of proliferating marker Ki-67 and inflammatory marker CD3 were decreased, but the differentiation marker such as filaggrin was increased in the epidermis after indigo naturalis ointment treatment.. The results suggest that topical application of indigo naturalis ointment may be a novel, safe and effective therapy for psoriasis that is mediated, at least in part, by modulating the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes in epidermis, as well as by inhibiting the infiltration of T lymphocytes and therefore the subsequent inflammatory reactions in psoriatic lesions.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Biopsy; Cell Proliferation; Chronic Disease; Coloring Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Filaggrin Proteins; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Keratinocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Ointments; Psoriasis; Skin; Treatment Outcome

Identification and removal of small, non-palpable tumors located within previous surgical scar tissue is challenging and time consuming and may be associated with increased risk in patients with recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The purpose of the present study was to present our surgeon-performed technique and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound-guided intratumoral indigo carmine injection (US-III) for intraoperative tumor localization in patients with recurrent PTC.. Sixteen patients with recurrent PTC in which tumors were <1.5 cm and not palpable were enrolled in this prospective study from January 2012 through March 2013.. The mean size of the target tumors was 0.85 cm (range 0.4-1.3 cm) on preoperative US. The average time required for the US-III procedure was 7.7 min (range 5-11 min). The mean volume of injected indigo carmine was 0.56 mL (range 0.3-1.0 mL); this injection expanded the tumors by a mean of 0.2 cm (23.5% increase compared with the initial tumor size; range 0.0-0.4 cm), increasing the mean size of the target tumors to 1.05 cm (range 0.5-1.5 cm). In 15 (93.8%) of the 16 patients, the recurrent tumors were successfully removed with the aid of US-III. No complications occurred in any of the patients as a result of the US-III or subsequent surgeries.. US-III is a safe and effective technique that can be performed by the surgeon for the intraoperative localization of small non-palpable tumors within previous scar tissue in patients with recurrent PTC.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Papillary; Chronic Disease; Coloring Agents; Female; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Injections; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prospective Studies; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Neoplasms; Ultrasonography; Young Adult

Discoloration of urine is not uncommonly encountered in clinical practice and may indicate a significant pathology. However, the majority of instances are benign and occur as the result of trauma to the urological system during procedures or ingestions of substances such as medication or food. Purple discoloration of a urinary catheter bag is rare and can be alarming to both patients and healthcare workers. This phenomenon is known as the purple urine bag syndrome. It is associated with urinary tract infections occurring in catheterized patients, generally elderly females with significant comorbidities and constipation. The urine is usually alkaline. Gram-negative bacteria that produce sulfatase and phosphatase are involved in the formation of pigment, indirubin and indigo. Tryptophan metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis. We present two cases of this rare and interesting phenomenon and discuss the underlying pathogenesis.

Topics: Aged; Catheters, Indwelling; Chronic Disease; Constipation; Dehydration; Escherichia coli Infections; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Middle Aged; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Sulfatases; Syndrome; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Appendicitis; Catheters, Indwelling; Chronic Disease; Constipation; Female; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Intestinal Perforation; Middle Aged; Rupture, Spontaneous; Syndrome; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections

The plastic of urinary catheter drainage bags occasionally turns purple hours or days after catheterization and the color becomes increasingly intense the longer the same drainage system is left in place. This phenomenon was first reported in 1978 as "purple urine bag syndrome", and had been known to occur with bacterial infection of the urinary tract with chronic constipation. Chronic constipation is commonly associated with bacterial overgrowth in the bowel in which tryptophan has been converted to indol and yields the high levels of indigo (blue) and indirubin (red) in urinary bags of patients with bacterial infection of the urine, because indigo-producing bacteria have indoxyl phosphatase or sulfatase that can produce indigo and indirubin. We determined the serum levels of amino acids in patients with purple urine bag syndrome. The serum level of tryptophan and valine were significantly reduced in patients with purple urine bag syndrome. This result suggests that absorption of amino acids was affected by disturbances of colonic motility and intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

Topics: Aged; Amino Acids; Catheters, Indwelling; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Syndrome; Time Factors; Urinary Catheterization; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Humans; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Intraoperative Care; Kidney Function Tests; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms