imipramine and Depressive Disorder studies

Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.
imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.

Depressive Disorder: An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sertraline and imipramine in patients with comorbid panic disorder and major depressive disorder."	9.10	Sertraline versus imipramine treatment of comorbid panic disorder and major depressive disorder. ( Arató, M; Austin, C; Lepola, U; Zhu, Y, 2003)
"Reboxetine is as effective as imipramine in the treatment of depression in elderly patients but is at least as well tolerated with a lower risk of hypotension and related symptoms, fewer serious adverse events, adverse event-related withdrawals and treatment-related adverse events."	9.09	Reboxetine versus imipramine in the treatment of elderly patients with depressive disorders: a double-blind randomised trial. ( Bercoff, E; Chiu, E; Katona, C; Tack, P; Versiani, M; Woelk, H, 1999)
" We compared the prevalence of anger attacks in 168 outpatients with atypical depression or primary dysthymia with 38 normal subjects and tested the effect of treatment on anger attacks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline versus imipramine."	9.08	A preliminary study on the efficacy of sertraline and imipramine on anger attacks in atypical depression and dysthymia. ( Fava, M; Nierenberg, AA; Pearlstein, T; Quitkin, FM; Rosenbaum, JF; Stone, A; Zisook, S, 1997)
" In a multicentre, 6 months, placebo-controlled trial, amisulpride (50 mg/daily) was compared to imipramine (100 mg/daily) in the treatment of patients with DSM-III-R criteria for primary dysthymia, dysthymia with major depression or major depression in partial remission."	9.08	Amisulpride versus imipramine and placebo in dysthymia and major depression. Amisulpride Study Group. ( Boyer, P; Lecrubier, Y; Rein, W; Turjanski, S, 1997)
"Patients receiving methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment were selected if they met the criteria for a DSM-III-R depressive disorder that was chronologically primary, had persisted during a past abstinent period or was long-standing, and persisted during at least 1 month of stable methadone treatment."	9.08	Imipramine treatment of opiate-dependent patients with depressive disorders. A placebo-controlled trial. ( Brady, R; Deliyannides, D; Donovan, SJ; Koenig, T; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Woody, G, 1998)
"To compare the efficacy of paroxetine and imipramine prospectively in patients with coexisting depression and dementia."	9.08	A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safely of paroxetine and imipramine in the treatment of depression with dementia. ( Bray, J; Hunter, BN; Katona, CL, 1998)
"The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and reliability of sertraline versus imipramine in the treatment of postpsychotic depressive disorder of schizophrenia."	9.08	A comparative study of sertraline versus imipramine in postpsychotic depressive disorder of schizophrenia. ( Caliskan, M; Kirli, S, 1998)
"The study describes a sequential analysis of depression-related physical symptoms and their relationship to imipramine and amitriptyline plasma levels over 4 weeks of treatment in 79 unipolar and bipolar patients hospitalized for major depressive disorder."	9.07	The pattern of physical symptom changes in major depressive disorder following treatment with amitriptyline or imipramine. ( Bowden, CL; Casper, RC; Davis, JM; Hanin, I; Katz, MM; Koslow, SH, 1994)
"This study examines clinical predictors of outcome for patients with panic disorder and depression in a 16 week, placebo-controlled trial of alprazolam and imipramine (n = 126)."	9.07	Anxiety psychopathology predictive of outcome in patients with panic disorder and depression treated with imipramine, alprazolam and placebo. ( Deltito, JA; Keller, MB; Leon, A; Otto, MW; Pollack, MH; Rosenbaum, JF; Sachs, GS; Shear, MK, 1994)
"A double-blind clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of fluoxetine compared with imipramine in the treatment of 59 outpatients suffering from major depressive disorder."	9.07	A comparison of fluoxetine and imipramine in the treatment of outpatients with major depressive disorder. ( Arup, P; Behnke, K; Christiansen, PE; Geisler, A; Ipsen, E; Maach-Møller, B; Nielsen, BM; Ohrberg, SC, 1993)
" Twenty-one schizophrenic or schizoaffective patients with histories of cannabis abuse and operationally-defined syndromes of post-psychotic depression completed a double-blind trial of adjunctive imipramine added to their on-going medication regimen of fluphenazine decanoate and benztropine."	9.07	Adjunctive imipramine for dysphoric schizophrenic patients with past histories of cannabis abuse. ( Alvir, JM; Bermanzohn, PC; Mason, SE; Rifkin, A; Siris, SG, 1992)
"In summary, the clinical results of this double-blind study clearly show that imipramine, as expected, demonstrated significant antidepressive properties in outpatients suffering from major depressive disorders."	9.07	Adinazolam, diazepam, imipramine, and placebo in major depressive disorder: a controlled study. ( Csanalosi, I; Fox, I; Hassman, H; London, J; Rickels, K; Weise, C, 1991)
"Alpha 2-adrenergic receptor changes during antidepressant treatment were studied using 3H-yohimbine binding to human platelet membranes and clonidine-induced hypotension."	9.06	Alpha 2-adrenergic receptor sensitivity in depressed patients: relation between 3H-yohimbine binding to platelet membranes and clonidine-induced hypotension. ( Gelenberg, AJ; Lydiard, RB; Wolfe, N, 1989)
" Results of a randomized double-blind comparative trial versus imipramine involving 64 in-patients with Major Depressive Disorder (DSM III) in six independent centers will be presented and discussed."	9.06	Rolipram in major depressive disorder: results of a double-blind comparative study with imipramine. ( Fellerer, K; Fichte, K; Fischer, G; Geyer, N; Hebenstreit, GF; Meya, U; Sastre-y-Hernández, M; Schöny, W; Schratzer, M; Soukop, W, 1989)
"The effects of four antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding have been studied in 51 hospitalized patients with severe major depressive disorder."	9.06	Effects of antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding in major depressive disorder. ( Aberg-Wistedt, A; Asberg, M; Bertilsson, L; Mårtensson, B; Montero, D; Wägner, A, 1987)
"This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of a new triazolobenzodiazepine, adinazolam, and imipramine in 40 patients with carefully diagnosed major depressive disorder."	9.06	Adinazolam, a new triazolobenzodiazepine, and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. ( Amsterdam, JD; Bloom, L; Kaplan, M; Potter, L; Rickels, K, 1986)
"Thirty-seven patients participating in a controlled treatment study with imipramine were classified as high or low depressed simultaneously on two depression measures."	9.06	Initial depression and response to imipramine in agoraphobia. ( Mavissakalian, M, 1987)
") in the treatment of major depressive disorders (DSM-III) were compared with those of imipramine (50 b."	9.06	Minaprine and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorders. A comparative double-blind study. ( Bizière, K; Bohacek, N; Ravic, M, 1987)
"The potential effectiveness of imipramine hydrochloride (up to 5 mg/kg/d) was investigated in 53 prepubertal children suffering from major depressive disorder."	9.06	Imipramine in prepubertal major depressive disorders. ( Chambers, WJ; Davies, M; Goetz, R; King, J; Lupatkin, W; Perel, JM; Puig-Antich, J; Stiller, RL; Tabrizi, MA, 1987)
"Depression is associated with dysregulation of methyl group metabolism such as low S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)."	7.91	Behavioral and metabolic effects of S-adenosylmethionine and imipramine in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat model of depression. ( Geisel, J; Happ, DF; Mikkelsen, PF; Obeid, R; Tillmann, S; Wegener, G, 2019)
"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ketamine, imipramine, and ketamine plus imipramine on chronic depression-like behaviors of Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and underlying mechanism."	7.83	[Effects of ketamine, imipramine, and their combination on depression-like behaviors in Wistar Kyoto rats]. ( Jin, XJ; Li, QQ; Peng, LC; Ye, K, 2016)
"The aim of this study was to evaluate whether chronic treatment with cariprazine, a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor partial agonist with preferential binding to D3 receptors, shows antidepressant-like effects in the chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced anhedonia model."	7.80	Attenuation of anhedonia by cariprazine in the chronic mild stress model of depression. ( Adham, N; Gruca, P; Gyertyán, I; Kiss, B; Lasoń-Tyburkiewicz, M; Papp, M, 2014)
"The case of a young man with depressive illness who developed priapism while being treated with paroxetine is reported for the first time."	7.69	[Adverse effects: priapism caused by paroxetine]. ( Bertholon, F; el Allali, A; Krajewski, Y, 1996)
"Platelet 3H-imipramine binding, serotonin (5-HT) uptake and 5-HT concentrations were studied in 14 hospitalized patients with depressive disorder following 6 weeks of treatment with a selective 5-HT uptake blocker, fluoxetine."	7.68	Effects of fluoxetine treatment of platelet 3H-imipramine binding, 5-HT uptake and 5-HT content in major depressive disorder. ( Asberg, M; Mårtensson, B; Montero, D; Siwers, B; Wgner, A, 1990)
"The metyrapone test was applied to groups of patients suffering from major depressive illness with melancholia, mania or schizophrenia, before and after treatment."	7.67	The metyrapone test in affective disorders and schizophrenia II. Changes upon treatment. ( Carson, SW; Fava, GA; Jusko, WJ; Molnar, G; Morphy, MA; Perini, GI, 1984)
"High-affinity binding of 3H-imipramine was analyzed in platelet membranes from patients with chronic psychogenic pain."	7.67	Platelet 3H-imipramine binding in psychogenic pain patients. ( Bech, P; Hansen, HJ; Langemark, M; Loldrup, D; Mellerup, ET; Plenge, P, 1988)
"We studied 45 depressed patients and 20 healthy controls in order to determine if tritiated imipramine binding distinguished among subtypes of primary major depressive disorder."	7.67	Tritiated imipramine binding distinguishes among subtypes of depression. ( Lewis, DA; McChesney, C, 1985)
" We studied the binding of tritiated imipramine to platelet membranes in order to determine if patients with agoraphobia and panic attacks differed from depressed subjects or healthy volunteers on this biological parameter."	7.67	Tritiated imipramine binding to platelets is decreased in patients with agoraphobia. ( Clancy, J; Coryell, W; Lewis, DA; Noyes, R, 1985)
"3H-Imipramine binding to platelets of patients with primary, unipolar major depressive disorder was investigated and compared to that of a normal, healthy control population."	7.67	Imipramine binding sites on platelets of patients with major depressive disorder. ( Aalbers, C; Carstens, ME; Chalton, DO; Engelbrecht, AH; Gagiano, CA; Russell, VA; Taljaard, JJ, 1986)
"Tritiated imipramine binding to whole platelets was measured in sixteen chronic pain patients not suffering from major depression and in a control group."	7.67	[3H] imipramine binding sites are decreased in platelets of chronic pain patients. ( Ambrosio, F; Andreoli, F; Arduino, C; Arsie, D; Ceccherelli, F; Eandi, M; Magni, G, 1987)
"Tritiated imipramine binding to whole platelets was measured in 16 chronic pain patients who were free from major depression, and in a control group."	7.67	Modifications of [3H]imipramine binding sites in platelets of chronic pain patients treated with mianserin. ( Ambrosio, F; Andreoli, F; Arduino, C; Arsie, D; Ceccherelli, F; Dodi, G; Eandi, M; Magni, G, 1987)
"Mianserin protein binding was measured in serum from 43 healthy subjects and plasma from 12 elderly depressed patients and 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis."	7.67	Mianserin protein binding in serum and plasma from healthy subjects and patients with depression and rheumatoid arthritis. ( Gram, LF; Kragh-Sørensen, P; Kristensen, CB, 1985)
"In a 6-week double-blind trial 129 outpatients with major depressive disorder received either alprazolam, imipramine or placebo."	7.66	A double-blind comparison of alprazolam vs. imipramine and placebo in the treatment of major depressive disorder. ( Chammas, S; Feighner, JP; Frost, NR; Hendrickson, G; Meredith, CH, 1983)
"The specific binding of tritiated (3H)-clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, to platelet membranes was measured in normal subjects and in patients with major depressive disorder."	7.66	Platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in major depressive disorder. Binding of tritiated clonidine before and after tricyclic antidepressant drug treatment. ( García-Sevilla, JA; Greden, JF; Hollingsworth, PJ; Smith, CB; Zis, AP, 1981)
"Assessment of an elderly depressed patient with an imipramine-induced tremor led to the conclusions that imipramine tremor (1) can be severe and incapacitating, (2) is most pronounced early in the treatment, (3) does not seem to be dose-related, and (4) is readily reversible with a beta-adrenergic blocking agent."	7.66	Imipramine-induced tremor: effects of a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. ( Greden, JF; Kronfol, Z; Zis, AP, 1983)
"Patients with Parkinson's syndrome whose major symptoms are akinesis, rigidity, inertia, depression, irritability and failure of adaptation rather than tremor appear to benefit in a global way from therapy with imipramine."	7.64	Parkinson's syndrome, depression and imipramine. A preliminary report. ( FOWLER, W; MANDELL, AJ; MARKHAM, C, 1961)
"After a drug-free period and four days of placebo use, patients were randomised either to imipramine or to fluvoxamine (phase 1); the antidepressant dosage was fixed according to a predetermined plasma level."	6.72	[Comparison of the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in inpatients with a depressive disorder. A double-blind study of imipramine followed by lithium addition versus fluvoxamine followed by lithium addition]. ( Birkenhäger, TK; Bruijn, JA; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van den Broek, WW, 2006)
"Of 60 depressed alcoholics who completed an open trial of imipramine, 27 (45%) responded with improvement in both mood and drinking behavior, and eight (13%) responded after further dosage increases or treatment with disulfiram."	6.67	Imipramine treatment of alcoholism with comorbid depression. ( Harrison, W; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JP; Tricamo, E, 1993)
" Adverse events were reported or observed in 56% of moclobemide patients and in 69% of imipramine patients."	6.67	Efficacy and safety of moclobemide compared with imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Double-blind multicenter study, Austria. ( Baumhackl, U; Gallhofer, B; Geretsegger, C; Hebenstreit, GF; Loidl, M; Radmayr, E; Saletu, M; Schöny, W; Stabl, M, 1990)
"Fengabine is a new GABAmimetic compound active in animal models predictive of antidepressant activity."	6.66	Fengabine, a new GABAmimetic agent in the treatment of depressive disorders: an overview of six double-blind studies versus tricyclics. ( Garreau, M; Magni, G; Orofiamma, B; Palminteri, R, 1989)
"Bupropion is a new antidepressant of the aminoketone class which is structurally unrelated to the tricyclics and which is relatively free of cardiac side effects in healthy depressed patients."	6.66	Cardiovascular effects of imipramine and bupropion in depressed patients with congestive heart failure. ( Bigger, JT; Giardina, EG; Glassman, AH; Johnson, LL; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1987)
"Zimeldine (100 mg b."	6.65	A multicentre double-blind comparative trial of zimeldine and imipramine in primary major depressive disorders. ( Hiramatsu, KI; Inoue, R; Kazamatsuri, H; Mori, A; Murasaki, M; Sakuma, A; Takahashi, R, 1983)
"The subsequent delineation of dysthymia in DSM-III and its future editions as well as ICD."	6.40	Pharmacotherapy of dysthymic and chronic depressive disorders: overview with focus on moclobemide. ( Versiani, M, 1998)
"The incidence of convulsions in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants or bupropion was reviewed."	6.36	Incidence of seizures during treatment with tricyclic antidepressant drugs and bupropion. ( Peck, AW; Stern, WC; Watkinson, C, 1983)
"Depression is commonly associated with hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction that primarily manifests as aberrant glucocorticoid secretion."	5.48	Differential effects of imipramine and CORT118335 (Glucocorticoid receptor modulator/mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) on brain-endocrine stress responses and depression-like behavior in female rats. ( Balmer, NJ; Caldwell, JL; Estrada, CM; Ghisays, V; Nguyen, ET; Solomon, MB; Streicher, J, 2018)
"Imipramine is a tricyclic medication that has been used for the treatment of depression and other mood disorders."	5.46	Imipramine-induced hyperpigmentation. ( Bicknell, LM; Fernandez, M; McFaddin, CL; Parekh, P, 2017)
"Depression is a common psychopathological disorders."	5.43	Zinc and imipramine reverse the depression-like behavior in mice induced by chronic restraint stress. ( Ding, Q; Huang, J; Li, H; Mo, F; Shen, H; Shen, Z; Tian, X; Wang, X, 2016)
"Imipramine was unsuccessful in treating trichotillomania and showed limited success in alleviating depression."	5.29	Fluoxetine treatment of trichotillomania and depression in a prepubertal child. ( Sheikha, SH; Wagner, KD; Wagner, RF, 1993)
"Imipramine is an established treatment for anxiety in adults."	5.28	Use of imipramine in children with intractable asthma and psychiatric disorders: a warning. ( Kanner, AM; Klein, RG; Mascia, A; Rubinstein, B, 1989)
"Trichotillomania is seen in normal children with a variety of psychiatric conditions (Krishnan, 1985)."	5.28	Imipramine treatment of trichotillomania and coexisting depression in a seven-year-old. ( Carr, S; Weller, EB; Weller, RA, 1989)
"The physician must watch carefully for orthostatic hypotension when using imipramine in depressed patients with impaired LVP."	5.27	The use of imipramine in depressed patients with congestive heart failure. ( Bigger, JT; Cooper, TB; Giardina, EG; Glassman, AH; Johnson, LL; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1983)
" In each patient, tinnitus subsided spontaneously within 2-4 weeks of onset without any specific treatment, even though the daily dosage of imipramine and the plasma tricyclic levels were constant or increased."	5.27	Imipramine and tinnitus. ( Greden, JF; Grunhaus, L; Tandon, R, 1987)
"A longitudinal design was used in 14 patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-IV) with endogenous features (Newcastle Scale) in order to assess the functional status of post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors before and after successful antidepressant treatment with imipramine."	5.14	Hormonal responses to the 5-HT1A agonist buspirone in remitted endogenous depressive patients after long-term imipramine treatment. ( Díaz-Ricart, M; Escolar, G; Galán, A; Gastó, C; Gómez-Gil, E; Martín-Santos, R; Martínez De Osaba, MJ; Navinés, R; Salamero, M, 2010)
"To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sertraline and imipramine in patients with comorbid panic disorder and major depressive disorder."	5.10	Sertraline versus imipramine treatment of comorbid panic disorder and major depressive disorder. ( Arató, M; Austin, C; Lepola, U; Zhu, Y, 2003)
" Primary care patients with a DSM-III-R/DSM-IV diagnosis of major depressive disorder were randomly assigned to imipramine (N = 32) or placebo (N = 31) treatment for 6 weeks, with possible prolongation to 18 weeks."	5.10	Effects of antidepressant treatment on the quality of daily life: an experience sampling study. ( Barge-Schaapveld, DQ; Nicolson, NA, 2002)
"Outpatients with major depressive disorder (N = 239) entered a 16-week clinical trial and were randomly assigned to interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive behavior therapy, and imipramine or placebo with clinical management."	5.09	Pharmacotherapy response and diagnostic validity in atypical depression. ( Simmens, SJ; Sotsky, SM, 1999)
"Reboxetine is as effective as imipramine in the treatment of depression in elderly patients but is at least as well tolerated with a lower risk of hypotension and related symptoms, fewer serious adverse events, adverse event-related withdrawals and treatment-related adverse events."	5.09	Reboxetine versus imipramine in the treatment of elderly patients with depressive disorders: a double-blind randomised trial. ( Bercoff, E; Chiu, E; Katona, C; Tack, P; Versiani, M; Woelk, H, 1999)
", major depression superimposed on dysthymia) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with sertraline or with imipramine after placebo washout."	5.09	Gender differences in treatment response to sertraline versus imipramine in chronic depression. ( Davis, SM; Gelenberg, AJ; Harrison, WM; Keitner, GI; Keller, MB; Kornstein, SG; McCullough, JP; Schatzberg, AF; Thase, ME; Yonkers, KA, 2000)
"Random regression models (RRMs) were used to investigate the role of initial severity in the outcome of 4 treatments (cognitive-behavior therapy [CBT], interpersonal psychotherapy [IPT], imipramine plus clinical management [IMI-CM], and placebo plus clinical management [PLA-CM]) for outpatients with major depressive disorder seen in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program."	5.08	Initial severity and differential treatment outcome in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. ( Elkin, I; Gibbons, RD; Hedeker, D; Pilkonis, PA; Shea, MT; Sotsky, SM; Watkins, JT, 1995)
"50 patients with panic disorder (30 without and 20 with concomitant depression) were enrolled in a controlled treatment study using either imipramine or doxepin in addition to supportive psychotherapy and were then studied under naturalistic treatment conditions over a 5-year period."	5.08	Panic disorder with or without concomitant depression 5 years after treatment: a prospective follow-up. ( Albus, M; Scheibe, G; Scherer, J, 1995)
"After controlled treatment with either imipramine or doxepin with additional psychotherapy, 30 patients with pure panic disorder and 20 with concomitant depression were followed under ordinary treatment conditions over a 5-year period."	5.08	Fluctuation of symptoms and social functioning in panic disorder with or without concomitant depression. A 5-year prospective follow-up. ( Albus, M; Scheibe, G; Scherer, J, 1995)
"The efficacy and safety of fluvoxamine maleate, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, was compared with placebo and imipramine in patients with major depressive disorder."	5.08	Fluvoxamine maleate in the treatment of depression: a single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison with imipramine in outpatients. ( Claghorn, JL; Earl, CQ; Houser, VP; Kanter, D; Stoner, KA; Walczak, DD; Wong, LF, 1996)
" We compared the prevalence of anger attacks in 168 outpatients with atypical depression or primary dysthymia with 38 normal subjects and tested the effect of treatment on anger attacks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline versus imipramine."	5.08	A preliminary study on the efficacy of sertraline and imipramine on anger attacks in atypical depression and dysthymia. ( Fava, M; Nierenberg, AA; Pearlstein, T; Quitkin, FM; Rosenbaum, JF; Stone, A; Zisook, S, 1997)
" In a multicentre, 6 months, placebo-controlled trial, amisulpride (50 mg/daily) was compared to imipramine (100 mg/daily) in the treatment of patients with DSM-III-R criteria for primary dysthymia, dysthymia with major depression or major depression in partial remission."	5.08	Amisulpride versus imipramine and placebo in dysthymia and major depression. Amisulpride Study Group. ( Boyer, P; Lecrubier, Y; Rein, W; Turjanski, S, 1997)
"Patients receiving methadone hydrochloride maintenance treatment were selected if they met the criteria for a DSM-III-R depressive disorder that was chronologically primary, had persisted during a past abstinent period or was long-standing, and persisted during at least 1 month of stable methadone treatment."	5.08	Imipramine treatment of opiate-dependent patients with depressive disorders. A placebo-controlled trial. ( Brady, R; Deliyannides, D; Donovan, SJ; Koenig, T; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Woody, G, 1998)
"To compare the efficacy of paroxetine and imipramine prospectively in patients with coexisting depression and dementia."	5.08	A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safely of paroxetine and imipramine in the treatment of depression with dementia. ( Bray, J; Hunter, BN; Katona, CL, 1998)
"The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and reliability of sertraline versus imipramine in the treatment of postpsychotic depressive disorder of schizophrenia."	5.08	A comparative study of sertraline versus imipramine in postpsychotic depressive disorder of schizophrenia. ( Caliskan, M; Kirli, S, 1998)
"1 years; mean duration of dysthymia = 23+/-13 years) and high rates of comorbidity, 52% of patients achieved a satisfactory therapeutic response to sertraline or imipramine (by a conservative, intent-to-treat analysis)."	5.08	The treatment of chronic depression, part 2: a double-blind, randomized trial of sertraline and imipramine. ( Davis, SM; Fawcett, JA; Gelenberg, AJ; Harrison, WM; Hirschfeld, RM; Keller, MB; Klein, DN; Kocsis, JH; Koran, LM; Kornstein, SG; Markowitz, JC; McCullough, JP; Rush, AJ; Russell, JM; Thase, ME, 1998)
"The authors' first objective was to ascertain whether imipramine is superior to placebo in treating axis I depressive disorders in the context of HIV illness."	5.07	Effect of imipramine on mood and enumerative measures of immune status in depressed patients with HIV illness. ( Harrison, W; Rabkin, JG; Rabkin, R; Wagner, G, 1994)
"The study describes a sequential analysis of depression-related physical symptoms and their relationship to imipramine and amitriptyline plasma levels over 4 weeks of treatment in 79 unipolar and bipolar patients hospitalized for major depressive disorder."	5.07	The pattern of physical symptom changes in major depressive disorder following treatment with amitriptyline or imipramine. ( Bowden, CL; Casper, RC; Davis, JM; Hanin, I; Katz, MM; Koslow, SH, 1994)
"This study examines clinical predictors of outcome for patients with panic disorder and depression in a 16 week, placebo-controlled trial of alprazolam and imipramine (n = 126)."	5.07	Anxiety psychopathology predictive of outcome in patients with panic disorder and depression treated with imipramine, alprazolam and placebo. ( Deltito, JA; Keller, MB; Leon, A; Otto, MW; Pollack, MH; Rosenbaum, JF; Sachs, GS; Shear, MK, 1994)
" This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of nefazodone in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in comparison to imipramine and placebo treatments."	5.07	A double-blind comparison of nefazodone, imipramine, and placebo in major depression. ( Ecker, JA; Elie, R; Faludi, G; Fontaine, R; Kaplita, S; Kensler, TT; Ontiveros, A; Roberts, DL, 1994)
"Fluoxetine and imipramine were compared in a six-week, double-blind, randomized trial in 118 men and women, ages 18 to 70 years, hospitalized for major depressive disorder."	5.07	Fluoxetine compared with imipramine in the treatment of inpatient depression. A multicenter trial. ( Beasley, CM; Holman, SL; Potvin, JH, 1993)
" Three tricyclic antidepressants examined (imipramine, clomipramine and desipramine) did not seem to have the side effect of pathological weight gain in the frequency distribution pattern."	5.07	Changes in the frequency distribution pattern of body weight in patients with major depression. ( Kato, T; Murashita, J; Shioiri, T; Takahashi, S; Yamada, N, 1993)
"A double-blind clinical trial was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of fluoxetine compared with imipramine in the treatment of 59 outpatients suffering from major depressive disorder."	5.07	A comparison of fluoxetine and imipramine in the treatment of outpatients with major depressive disorder. ( Arup, P; Behnke, K; Christiansen, PE; Geisler, A; Ipsen, E; Maach-Møller, B; Nielsen, BM; Ohrberg, SC, 1993)
" Twenty-one schizophrenic or schizoaffective patients with histories of cannabis abuse and operationally-defined syndromes of post-psychotic depression completed a double-blind trial of adjunctive imipramine added to their on-going medication regimen of fluphenazine decanoate and benztropine."	5.07	Adjunctive imipramine for dysphoric schizophrenic patients with past histories of cannabis abuse. ( Alvir, JM; Bermanzohn, PC; Mason, SE; Rifkin, A; Siris, SG, 1992)
"In summary, the clinical results of this double-blind study clearly show that imipramine, as expected, demonstrated significant antidepressive properties in outpatients suffering from major depressive disorders."	5.07	Adinazolam, diazepam, imipramine, and placebo in major depressive disorder: a controlled study. ( Csanalosi, I; Fox, I; Hassman, H; London, J; Rickels, K; Weise, C, 1991)
"Two hundred thirty-nine outpatients with major depressive disorder according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria entered a 16-week multicenter clinical trial and were randomly assigned to interpersonal psychotherapy, cognitive-behavior therapy, imipramine with clinical management, or placebo with clinical management."	5.07	Patient predictors of response to psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy: findings in the NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. ( Collins, JF; Elkin, I; Glass, DR; Imber, SD; Leber, WR; Moyer, J; Pilkonis, PA; Shea, MT; Sotsky, SM; Watkins, JT, 1991)
"In the early 1980s, the National Institute of Mental Health supported a multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial on unipolar and bipolar disorder to evaluate the comparative efficacies of lithium carbonate, imipramine hydrochloride, a lithium-imipramine combination, and placebo in preventing the recurrence of affective disorders."	5.07	Methodologic issues in maintenance therapy clinical trials. ( Greenhouse, JB; Kupfer, DJ; Prien, RF; Stangl, D, 1991)
"A double-blind, controlled study was carried out in 20 patients diagnosed as suffering from depressive disorder according to DSM-III criteria to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of fluvoxamine, a serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, with that of imipramine."	5.06	Fluvoxamine and imipramine in the treatment of depressive patients: a double-blind controlled study. ( Baignoli, G; Ecari, U; Gonella, G, 1990)
"Alpha 2-adrenergic receptor changes during antidepressant treatment were studied using 3H-yohimbine binding to human platelet membranes and clonidine-induced hypotension."	5.06	Alpha 2-adrenergic receptor sensitivity in depressed patients: relation between 3H-yohimbine binding to platelet membranes and clonidine-induced hypotension. ( Gelenberg, AJ; Lydiard, RB; Wolfe, N, 1989)
" Results of a randomized double-blind comparative trial versus imipramine involving 64 in-patients with Major Depressive Disorder (DSM III) in six independent centers will be presented and discussed."	5.06	Rolipram in major depressive disorder: results of a double-blind comparative study with imipramine. ( Fellerer, K; Fichte, K; Fischer, G; Geyer, N; Hebenstreit, GF; Meya, U; Sastre-y-Hernández, M; Schöny, W; Schratzer, M; Soukop, W, 1989)
"Sixty patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for major, intermittent, or minor depressive disorder and had reactive mood without atypical symptoms were treated with imipramine hydrochloride, phenelzine sulfate, or a placebo."	5.06	Phenelzine and imipramine in mood reactive depressives. Further delineation of the syndrome of atypical depression. ( Harrison, W; Klein, DF; Markowitz, J; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, E; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, JG; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E; Wager, SG, 1989)
"Nomifensine was compared to imipramine in treatment of 40 patients with endogenous major depressive disorder."	5.06	[A double-blind comparison study of nomifensine and imipramine in treating depressed patients]. ( Wang, XJ, 1989)
"The effects of four antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding have been studied in 51 hospitalized patients with severe major depressive disorder."	5.06	Effects of antidepressant treatments on platelet tritiated imipramine binding in major depressive disorder. ( Aberg-Wistedt, A; Asberg, M; Bertilsson, L; Mårtensson, B; Montero, D; Wägner, A, 1987)
"Ninety-eight outpatients with major depressive disorder were treated with alprazolam, imipramine, or placebo in a 6-week, double-blind study."	5.06	Comparative efficacy of alprazolam, imipramine, and placebo administered once a day in treating depressed patients. ( Mendels, J; Schless, AP, 1986)
"Clinical outcome and adverse effects associated with concurrent alprazolam and imipramine administration were studied in 29 patients with major depressive disorder who completed a 6-week trial in which they served as their own controls."	5.06	Clinical outcome and adverse effect profile associated with concurrent administration of alprazolam and imipramine. ( Antal, EJ; Ereshefsky, L; Evans, RL; Grimmig, J; Hamann, G; Lobeck, F; Rawls, WN; Smith, RB; Wells, BG, 1988)
"Twenty patients with major depressive disorder were studied with evoked potential (EP) topographic mapping after receiving placebo, imipramine, or amoxapine for 2 days in a random-assignment, double-blind design."	5.06	Effects of amoxapine and imipramine on evoked potentials in the Continuous Performance Test in patients with affective disorder. ( Buchsbaum, MS; Green, M; Haier, R; Lee, S; Tang, SW; Wu, JC, 1988)
"This study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of a new triazolobenzodiazepine, adinazolam, and imipramine in 40 patients with carefully diagnosed major depressive disorder."	5.06	Adinazolam, a new triazolobenzodiazepine, and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. ( Amsterdam, JD; Bloom, L; Kaplan, M; Potter, L; Rickels, K, 1986)
"Thirty-seven patients participating in a controlled treatment study with imipramine were classified as high or low depressed simultaneously on two depression measures."	5.06	Initial depression and response to imipramine in agoraphobia. ( Mavissakalian, M, 1987)
") in the treatment of major depressive disorders (DSM-III) were compared with those of imipramine (50 b."	5.06	Minaprine and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorders. A comparative double-blind study. ( Bizière, K; Bohacek, N; Ravic, M, 1987)
"Two hundred forty-one outpatients with a DSM-III diagnosis of major depressive disorder participated in a six-week double-blind therapeutic trial of alprazolam, diazepam, imipramine hydrochloride, and placebo."	5.06	Alprazolam, diazepam, imipramine, and placebo in outpatients with major depression. ( Amsterdam, JD; Chung, HR; Csanalosi, IB; Hurowitz, AM; Kaplan, M; London, J; Rickels, K; Wiseman, K, 1987)
"The potential effectiveness of imipramine hydrochloride (up to 5 mg/kg/d) was investigated in 53 prepubertal children suffering from major depressive disorder."	5.06	Imipramine in prepubertal major depressive disorders. ( Chambers, WJ; Davies, M; Goetz, R; King, J; Lupatkin, W; Perel, JM; Puig-Antich, J; Stiller, RL; Tabrizi, MA, 1987)
" All patients had been diagnosed as having schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, all were receiving stable doses of fluphenazine decanoate, and all had received benztropine mesylate in an attempt to rule out neuroleptic-induced akinesia."	5.06	Adjunctive imipramine in the treatment of postpsychotic depression. A controlled trial. ( Cooper, TB; Fagerstrom, R; Morgan, V; Rifkin, A; Siris, SG, 1987)
"Most of the controlled studies on the efficacy of medical treatments of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have involved clomipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant reputed to have anti-obsessional properties."	5.06	Effects of imipramine on depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. ( Dugger, D; Foa, EB; Kozak, MJ; Steketee, G, 1987)
"Thirty-four patients who met Research Diagnostic Criteria for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder, primary subtype, were given the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and a methylphenidate challenge."	5.05	Dexamethasone suppression test and mood response to methylphenidate in primary depression. ( Brawley, P; Brown, P, 1983)
"The recognition of the efficacy of imipramine for treating panic disorder and its complications has had major implications for clinical practice, diagnostic classification, theoretic understanding, and research strategies in the anxiety disorders."	5.05	Imipramine in the treatment of panic disorder and its complications. ( Liebowitz, MR, 1985)
" It should be noted that although imipramine is efficient in both depressive disorder and separation anxiety, this does not implicate a common physiopathologic basis."	4.78	[Considerations on respective roles of anxiety and depressive disorders in children]. ( Coudert, AJ; Jalenques, I, 1991)
" Results of short term clinical trials have shown paroxetine to be significantly superior to placebo, and comparable to amitriptyline, clomipramine, imipramine, dothiepin and mianserin in relieving symptoms associated with major depressive disorders."	4.78	Paroxetine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depressive illness. ( Clissold, SP; Dechant, KL, 1991)
" Many double-blind controlled studies have shown that imipramine effectively ameliorates panic attacks and agoraphobia."	4.77	Panic disorder: response to sodium lactate and treatment with antidepressants. ( Rifkin, A; Siris, SG, 1985)
" Among the more important recent discoveries are the efficacy of the tricyclic antidepressants for panic disorder and agoraphobia with panic attacks; the use of the monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the above disorders and for atypical depression and hysteroid dysphoria; the use of propranolol for anxiety disorders and for uncontrollable violent outbursts; the antianxiety and antipanic effects of clonidine; and the usefulness of lithium in treating schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder and for emotionally unstable character disorders."	4.76	Newer uses for older psychotropic medications. ( Liebowitz, MR, 1982)
"A recent review proposed four criteria for an animal model of treatment-resistant depression (TRD): a phenotypic resemblance to a risk factor for depression; enhanced response to stress; nonresponse to antidepressant drugs and response to treatments effective in TRD, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the prefrontal cortex or ketamine."	3.91	Validation of chronic mild stress in the Wistar-Kyoto rat as an animal model of treatment-resistant depression. ( Gruca, P; Lason, M; Litwa, E; Niemczyk, M; Papp, M; Tota-Glowczyk, K; Willner, P, 2019)
"Depression is associated with dysregulation of methyl group metabolism such as low S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)."	3.91	Behavioral and metabolic effects of S-adenosylmethionine and imipramine in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat model of depression. ( Geisel, J; Happ, DF; Mikkelsen, PF; Obeid, R; Tillmann, S; Wegener, G, 2019)
"Our goal was to find out the impact of two antidepressant drugs with various mechanisms of action - imipramine and fluoxetine, on the frontal cortex mitochondria-enriched fraction in an animal model of depression based on the prenatal stress procedure."	3.88	Mitochondrial proteomics investigation of frontal cortex in an animal model of depression: Focus on chronic antidepressant drugs treatment. ( Basta-Kaim, A; Chamera, K; Głombik, K; Kotarska, K; Olszanecki, R; Ślusarczyk, J; Stachowicz, A; Suski, M; Trojan, E, 2018)
"Depression and substance cocaine abuse are disorders with a high frequency of comorbidity."	3.85	Effects of escitalopram and imipramine on cocaine reinforcement and drug-seeking behaviors in a rat model of depression. ( Filip, M; Frankowska, M; Jastrzębska, J; Nowak, E; Przegaliński, E; Suder, A; Wydra, K, 2017)
"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of ketamine, imipramine, and ketamine plus imipramine on chronic depression-like behaviors of Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and underlying mechanism."	3.83	[Effects of ketamine, imipramine, and their combination on depression-like behaviors in Wistar Kyoto rats]. ( Jin, XJ; Li, QQ; Peng, LC; Ye, K, 2016)
"The aim of this study was to evaluate whether chronic treatment with cariprazine, a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor partial agonist with preferential binding to D3 receptors, shows antidepressant-like effects in the chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced anhedonia model."	3.80	Attenuation of anhedonia by cariprazine in the chronic mild stress model of depression. ( Adham, N; Gruca, P; Gyertyán, I; Kiss, B; Lasoń-Tyburkiewicz, M; Papp, M, 2014)
"Of the 76 patients with DSM-III melancholia given active medication, 41 (54%) had a complete or partial response, but only 10 (23%) of the 44 patients with melancholia given placebo had a complete or partial response."	3.77	Melancholic/endogenous depression and response to somatic treatment and placebo. ( Difiglia, C; Fieve, RR; Peselow, ED; Sanfilipo, MP, 1992)
"Alprazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine which is related to diazepam and other 1,4-benzodiazepines, and has a similar pharmacological profile."	3.75	Alprazolam: a review of its pharmacodynamic properties and efficacy in the treatment of anxiety and depression. ( Brogden, RN; Dawson, GW; Jue, SG, 1984)
"Trazodone is a triazolopyridine derivative with antidepressant activity, that is chemically unrelated to other currently available antidepressants."	3.75	Trazodone: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in depression and anxiety. ( Avery, GS; Brogden, RN; Heel, RC; Speight, TM, 1981)
" Thirty-nine depressed inpatients who fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder and who did not respond to monotherapy with either imipramine or fluvoxamine participated in this study."	3.74	Lithium addition in antidepressant-resistant depression: effects on platelet 5-HT, plasma 5-HT and plasma 5-HIAA concentration. ( Birkenhäger, TK; Bruijn, JA; Fekkes, D; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van den Broek, WW, 2007)
"This case report describes a patient on tranylcypromine who erroneously received a single dose of imipramine and subsequently developed a fatal serotonin syndrome."	3.72	Fatal interaction between tranylcypromine and imipramine. ( Birkenhager, TK; Otte, W; van den Broek, WW, 2003)
"Triiodothyronine (T3) has been shown to accelerate and potentiate the clinical response to tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) treatment in depressive disorders."	3.71	Chronic effects of triiodothyronine in combination with imipramine on 5-HT transporter, 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A) receptors in adult rat brain. ( Jeanningros, R; Mazzola-Pomietto, P; Moreau, X, 2001)
"Concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were similar in patients with major depressive disorder and in those with non-depressive psychiatric problems, although concentrations were significantly lower in suicidal patients (particularly in those attempters who used violent methods) than in non-suicidal patients."	3.69	Prophylactic potential of selective reuptake inhibitors in suicidal patients. ( Banki, CM, 1995)
"The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of leukopenia and other blood dyscrasias associated with psychiatric use of carbamazepine and valproate."	3.69	Blood dyscrasias with carbamazepine and valproate: a pharmacoepidemiological study of 2,228 patients at risk. ( Baldessarini, RJ; Castillo, J; Kando, JC; Tohen, M; Zarate, C, 1995)
"We measured platelet [3H]imipramine and [3H]paroxetine binding in patients with major depression (n = 11), dysthymia (n = 9), generalized anxiety (n = 18) and panic disorder (n = 10), and in healthy controls (n = 13)."	3.69	Studies of a neurochemical link between depression, anxiety, and stress from [3H]imipramine and [3H]paroxetine binding on human platelets. ( Bernier, B; Iny, LJ; Luthe, L; Meaney, MJ; Nair, NP; Pecknold, J; Suranyi-Cadotte, BE, 1994)
"The case of a young man with depressive illness who developed priapism while being treated with paroxetine is reported for the first time."	3.69	[Adverse effects: priapism caused by paroxetine]. ( Bertholon, F; el Allali, A; Krajewski, Y, 1996)
" Nevertheless, transporter function showed a substantial interaction of aging with DST: elderly DST suppressors showed a deficit in [3H]serotonin uptake capabilities and resistance to imipramine inhibition of uptake."	3.69	Dexamethasone suppression test identifies a subset of elderly depressed patients with reduced platelet serotonin transport and resistance to imipramine inhibition of transport. ( Carroll, BJ; Hays, JC; Nemeroff, CB; Slotkin, TA, 1997)
"We present the case of a 35-year-old woman who developed serotonin syndrome after receiving a single dose of the cyclic antidepressant imipramine (Tofranil)."	3.69	Serotonin syndrome: case report and review of the literature. ( McKay, CA; Tilden, FF; Weiner, AL, 1997)
"The aim of this study was to estimate the cost effectiveness of nefazodone compared with imipramine or fluoxetine in treating women with major depressive disorder."	3.69	Modelling the cost effectiveness of antidepressant treatment in primary care. ( Anton, SF; Bakish, D; Brown, RE; Feeny, D; Palmer, W; Revicki, DA; Rosser, WW, 1995)
"The effect of incandescent light treatment on the density of 3H-imipramine binding sites (Bmax) was investigated in 17 patients with seasonal affective disorder, in eight patients with non-seasonal depression and in six healthy volunteers."	3.68	Effect of phototherapy on 3H-imipramine binding sites in patients with SAD, non-SAD and in healthy controls. ( Falus, A; Moussong-Kovács, E; Németh, A; Szádóczky, E; Teszéri, G, 1991)
"Painful ejaculation following the administration of imipramine and clomipramine is described in four patients."	3.68	Painful ejaculation associated with antidepressants in four patients. ( Aizenberg, D; Hermesh, H; Karp, L; Weizman, A; Zemishlany, Z, 1991)
"1) Thirty-four (34) out-patients with major depressive disorder as defined by Research Diagnostic Criteria were treated with fluoxetine in an open study."	3.68	The relationship between response to fluoxetine, plasma drug levels, imipramine binding to platelet membranes and whole-blood 5-HT. ( Griffiths, HW; Marshall, EF; Tyrer, SP, 1990)
"Nine of 10 consecutively evaluated men with DSM-III-R nonparaphilic sexual addictions or paraphilias noted improvement in sexual behaviors and depressive symptomatology while treated with fluoxetine, imipramine, or lithium."	3.68	Successful antidepressant treatment of nonparaphilic sexual addictions and paraphilias in men. ( Kafka, MP, 1991)
"Platelet 3H-imipramine binding, serotonin (5-HT) uptake and 5-HT concentrations were studied in 14 hospitalized patients with depressive disorder following 6 weeks of treatment with a selective 5-HT uptake blocker, fluoxetine."	3.68	Effects of fluoxetine treatment of platelet 3H-imipramine binding, 5-HT uptake and 5-HT content in major depressive disorder. ( Asberg, M; Mårtensson, B; Montero, D; Siwers, B; Wgner, A, 1990)
"Six subjects with DSM-III defined unipolar major depressive disorder had positron emission tomography scans using 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2FDG) before and after treatment with imipramine."	3.68	Regional cerebral glucose metabolism in major depressive disorder. ( Clark, C; Hurwitz, TA; Klonoff, H; Martin, WR; Murphy, E; Pate, BD, 1990)
"The metyrapone test was applied to groups of patients suffering from major depressive illness with melancholia, mania or schizophrenia, before and after treatment."	3.67	The metyrapone test in affective disorders and schizophrenia II. Changes upon treatment. ( Carson, SW; Fava, GA; Jusko, WJ; Molnar, G; Morphy, MA; Perini, GI, 1984)
"The interaction of imipramine and operant conditioning on weight gain in an anorexia nervosa patient was examined by a single-subject experiment consisting of a baseline and four treatment phases: phase 1--contingency management only; phase 2--contingency management plus imipramine; phase 3--contingency management plus imipramine placebo; phase 4--contingency management only."	3.67	An experimental analysis of the interaction of chemotherapy and behavior therapy in anorexia nervosa. ( Gerner, R; Munford, PR; Tarlow, G, 1984)
"Memory functioning was assessed in 26 unmedicated patients with major depressive disorder (DSM-III) who were then administered either bilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (N = 16) or imipramine 200 mg per day (N = 10)."	3.67	Distinct memory impairments following electroconvulsive therapy and imipramine. ( Ben-Tzvi, E; Calev, A; Carasso, R; Drexler, H; Lerer, B; Shapira, B, 1989)
"Urinary MHPG concentrations and platelet 3H-imipramine binding (Bmax, Kd) were measured in 20 psychiatric inpatients with diagnoses of major depressive disorder."	3.67	Urinary MHPG, platelet 3H-imipramine binding and symptomatology in depression: an exploratory study of clinical heterogeneity. ( Carr, V; Edwards, J; Prior, M, 1988)
"3H-p-Aminoclonidine binding to platelets of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder was compared to that of a healthy control population."	3.67	Biological markers in juvenile depression. ( Carstens, ME; Engelbrecht, AH; Russell, VA; Taljaard, JJ; van Zyl, AM, 1988)
"High-affinity binding of 3H-imipramine was analyzed in platelet membranes from patients with chronic psychogenic pain."	3.67	Platelet 3H-imipramine binding in psychogenic pain patients. ( Bech, P; Hansen, HJ; Langemark, M; Loldrup, D; Mellerup, ET; Plenge, P, 1988)
"We studied 45 depressed patients and 20 healthy controls in order to determine if tritiated imipramine binding distinguished among subtypes of primary major depressive disorder."	3.67	Tritiated imipramine binding distinguishes among subtypes of depression. ( Lewis, DA; McChesney, C, 1985)
" We studied the binding of tritiated imipramine to platelet membranes in order to determine if patients with agoraphobia and panic attacks differed from depressed subjects or healthy volunteers on this biological parameter."	3.67	Tritiated imipramine binding to platelets is decreased in patients with agoraphobia. ( Clancy, J; Coryell, W; Lewis, DA; Noyes, R, 1985)
"3H-Imipramine binding to platelets of patients with primary, unipolar major depressive disorder was investigated and compared to that of a normal, healthy control population."	3.67	Imipramine binding sites on platelets of patients with major depressive disorder. ( Aalbers, C; Carstens, ME; Chalton, DO; Engelbrecht, AH; Gagiano, CA; Russell, VA; Taljaard, JJ, 1986)
"Tritiated imipramine binding to whole platelets was measured in sixteen chronic pain patients not suffering from major depression and in a control group."	3.67	[3H] imipramine binding sites are decreased in platelets of chronic pain patients. ( Ambrosio, F; Andreoli, F; Arduino, C; Arsie, D; Ceccherelli, F; Eandi, M; Magni, G, 1987)
"3H-Imipramine (3H-IMI) binding to platelet membranes was measured in 19 patients with agoraphobia with panic attacks, 9 patients with major depression, and 22 healthy subjects."	3.67	Differential 3H-imipramine platelet binding in patients with panic disorder and depression. ( Charney, DS; Heninger, GR; Innis, RB, 1987)
"Platelet 3H-imipramine binding was studied in 37 patients fulfilling Research Diagnostic Criteria for major depressive disorder, examined before and after four weeks of treatment with minaprine 200 mg/day, and in 19 healthy controls."	3.67	Platelet 3H-imipramine binding and response to minaprine in patients with major depression. ( Kemali, D; Maj, M; Mastronardi, P; Palomba, U; Romano, M; Ventra, C, 1988)
"Tritiated imipramine binding to whole platelets was measured in 16 chronic pain patients who were free from major depression, and in a control group."	3.67	Modifications of [3H]imipramine binding sites in platelets of chronic pain patients treated with mianserin. ( Ambrosio, F; Andreoli, F; Arduino, C; Arsie, D; Ceccherelli, F; Dodi, G; Eandi, M; Magni, G, 1987)
"The authors took a series of 20 serum samples over a 24-hr period for measurement of melatonin in four men and six women with Major Depressive Disorder (DSM-III), at baseline (depressed) and after 4 weeks on imipramine (150-200 mg/day) after achieving clinical remission."	3.67	Effect of imipramine on the circadian rhythm of plasma melatonin in unipolar depression. ( Hariharasubramanian, N; Isaac, I; Nair, NP; Pilapil, C; Quirion, R, 1986)
"Platelet 3H-imipramine binding was investigated in 15 normal subjects, 17 patients with major depressive disorder and 43 patients with panic disorder, to further study the relationship between depressive and anxiety disorders."	3.67	Platelet imipramine binding in patients with panic disorder and major familial depression. ( Chang, H; Fleury, D; Koszychi, D; Nair, NP; Pecknold, JC; Quirion, R; Suranyi-Cadotte, BE, 1987)
"25 years who met RDC criteria for major depressive disorder as assessed with the K-SADS, were treated for 6 weeks on a fixed schedule of imipramine hydrochloride titrated to a dosage of 5."	3.67	Imipramine in adolescent major depression: plasma level and clinical response. ( Ambrosini, P; Cooper, T; Davies, M; Fried, J; King, J; Puig-Antich, J; Rabinovich, H; Ryan, ND; Torres, D, 1986)
"Mianserin protein binding was measured in serum from 43 healthy subjects and plasma from 12 elderly depressed patients and 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis."	3.67	Mianserin protein binding in serum and plasma from healthy subjects and patients with depression and rheumatoid arthritis. ( Gram, LF; Kragh-Sørensen, P; Kristensen, CB, 1985)
"In a 6-week double-blind trial 129 outpatients with major depressive disorder received either alprazolam, imipramine or placebo."	3.66	A double-blind comparison of alprazolam vs. imipramine and placebo in the treatment of major depressive disorder. ( Chammas, S; Feighner, JP; Frost, NR; Hendrickson, G; Meredith, CH, 1983)
"The authors report on 12 men with ischemic heart disease who developed secondary depression following myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass-graft surgery and were treated with imipramine hydrochloride for 4 weeks."	3.66	Cardiovascular and antidepressant effects of imipramine in the treatment of secondary depression in patients with ischemic heart disease. ( Barnes, R; Gumbrecht, G; Raskind, M; Veith, R, 1982)
"The specific binding of tritiated (3H)-clonidine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, to platelet membranes was measured in normal subjects and in patients with major depressive disorder."	3.66	Platelet alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in major depressive disorder. Binding of tritiated clonidine before and after tricyclic antidepressant drug treatment. ( García-Sevilla, JA; Greden, JF; Hollingsworth, PJ; Smith, CB; Zis, AP, 1981)
"A patient receiving a standard dose of imipramine developed a drug-induced delirium."	3.66	Case report of tricyclic-induced delirium at a therapeutic drug concentration. ( Godwin, CD, 1983)
"Monitoring tricyclic antidepressant concentrations in the plasma of 43 patients with major depressive disorders indicated that some responded to imipramine or desipramine but not to amitriptyline or nortriptyline, or vice versa, even though plasma levels were within therapeutic ranges."	3.66	The methylphenidate test for differentiating desipramine-responsive from nortriptyline-responsive depression. ( Bagri, S; Fawcett, J; Javaid, JI; Sabelli, HC, 1983)
"Assessment of an elderly depressed patient with an imipramine-induced tremor led to the conclusions that imipramine tremor (1) can be severe and incapacitating, (2) is most pronounced early in the treatment, (3) does not seem to be dose-related, and (4) is readily reversible with a beta-adrenergic blocking agent."	3.66	Imipramine-induced tremor: effects of a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. ( Greden, JF; Kronfol, Z; Zis, AP, 1983)
" In one case, the excess thyroid hormone was the product of hyperthyroidism; whenever the hyperthyroidism was treated, the remission induced by imipramine was negated."	3.66	Dependency of tricyclic antidepressant efficacy on thyroid hormone potentiation: case studies. ( Swartz, CM, 1982)
"Reports that imipramine and phenelzine prevent panic attacks in agoraphobia suggest the possibility that agoraphobia and/or panic disorder might be a clinical manifestation of underlying depression."	3.66	The dexamethasone suppression test in panic disorder and agoraphobia. ( Cameron, OG; Curtis, GC; Nesse, RM, 1982)
"The effects of imipramine treatment and plasma drug levels were studied in 20 prepubertal children (16 males, 4 females; age range 7-12 years) hospitalized for major depressive disorder (DSM-III criteria)."	3.66	Depression in children: relationship between plasma imipramine levels and response. ( Preskorn, SH; Weller, EB; Weller, RA, 1982)
"Patients with Parkinson's syndrome whose major symptoms are akinesis, rigidity, inertia, depression, irritability and failure of adaptation rather than tremor appear to benefit in a global way from therapy with imipramine."	3.64	Parkinson's syndrome, depression and imipramine. A preliminary report. ( FOWLER, W; MANDELL, AJ; MARKHAM, C, 1961)
"After a drug-free period and four days of placebo use, patients were randomised either to imipramine or to fluvoxamine (phase 1); the antidepressant dosage was fixed according to a predetermined plasma level."	2.72	[Comparison of the effectiveness of two treatment strategies in inpatients with a depressive disorder. A double-blind study of imipramine followed by lithium addition versus fluvoxamine followed by lithium addition]. ( Birkenhäger, TK; Bruijn, JA; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van den Broek, WW, 2006)
" Therefore, despite considerable reductions in total serum levels of IMI and DMI, but when the unchanged free fraction concentration of these compounds is maintained, a dosage elevation of IMI does not seem to be necessary after CBZ addition to TCA therapy."	2.70	Pharmacokinetic interaction between imipramine and carbamazepine in patients with major depression. ( Szymura-Oleksiak, J; Wasieczko, A; Wyska, E, 2001)
"We examine whether baseline anxiety or insomnia symptoms (1) show differential response to fluoxetine or imipramine or (2) predict differences between drugs in overall clinical response or likelihood of medication discontinuation."	2.69	Should anxiety and insomnia influence antidepressant selection: a randomized comparison of fluoxetine and imipramine. ( Grothaus, L; Heiligenstein, JH; Katon, W; Revicki, D; Simon, GE, 1998)
"Imipramine was more effective against the clusters related to core symptoms of depression: "depression and guilt", "retardation", and "melancholia", respectively."	2.69	Depressed in-patients respond differently to imipramine and mirtazapine. ( Bruijn, JA; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van den Broek, WW, 1999)
"Desipramine or imipramine was added to fluoxetine and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) scores, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, and plasma tricyclic levels were monitored for 3 weeks."	2.69	Do depressed subjects who have failed both fluoxetine and a tricyclic antidepressant respond to the combination? ( Joffe, RT; Kamil, R; Levitt, AJ; McIntyre, R, 1999)
"Treatment with hypericum extract is safe and improves quality of life."	2.69	Hypericum extract versus imipramine or placebo in patients with moderate depression: randomised multicentre study of treatment for eight weeks. ( Hiller, KO; Kohnen, R; Philipp, M, 1999)
"Imipramine was included because its known efficacy for treatment of atypical depression helped to calibrate the appropriateness of the study group."	2.69	A placebo-controlled study of fluoxetine versus imipramine in the acute treatment of atypical depression. ( Janal, MN; Klein, DF; McGrath, PJ; Petkova, E; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JW, 2000)
" We found no major difference between non-elderly and elderly depressed patients as concerns efficacy, total incidence of adverse findings or safety parameters such as laboratory values and heart rate."	2.68	Are there any differences in the safety and efficacy of brofaromine and imipramine between non-elderly and elderly patients with major depression? ( Möller, HJ; Müller, H; Volz, HP, 1995)
"Moclobemide is a reversible inhibitor of monoamine-oxidase-A (RIMA) with selectivity for the MAO type A isoenzyme."	2.68	A controlled double-blind trial of moclobemide and imipramine in the treatment of depression. ( Kok, LP; Tsoi, WF, 1995)
"Minaprine was better tolerated than imipramine according to the physicians' tolerance rating (p < 0."	2.68	Multicentric double-blind study comparing efficacy and safety of minaprine and imipramine in dysthymic disorders. ( Robin, JL; Salzmann, E, 1995)
"The imipramine effect was greater among nasal users--33% (9/27) response on imipramine vs."	2.68	Imipramine treatment of cocaine abuse: possible boundaries of efficacy. ( Klein, DF; Koenig, T; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JW; Wager, S, 1995)
"Imipramine caused an increase in the GH ratio in all subgroups."	2.68	Growth hormone secretion timing in depression: clinical outcome comparisons. ( Franz, B; Grochocinski, VJ; Jarrett, DB; Kupfer, DJ; Miewald, JM, 1995)
"Imipramine treatment was safe and associated with improvement in depression in both adequately treated and intention-to-treat samples."	2.68	Imipramine treatment of alcoholics with primary depression: A placebo-controlled clinical trial. ( Agosti, V; Goldman, D; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JW, 1996)
"Imipramine treatment was not significantly better than placebo for improvement in depression and anxiety ratings in this patient group."	2.68	The effect of nefazodone on comorbid anxiety symptoms associated with depression: experience in family practice and psychiatric outpatient settings. ( Zajecka, JM, 1996)
"Nefazodone-treated patients had a lower incidence of premature treatment discontinuation and fewer dropouts for adverse events than the imipramine group."	2.68	Responders to antidepressant drug treatment: a study comparing nefazodone, imipramine, and placebo in patients with major depression. ( Cohn, CK; Ieni, JR; O'Brien, K; Roberts, DL; Robinson, DS; Schwiderski, UE, 1996)
"imipramine were reanalyzed, the first, comprising 224 non-elderly and the second 195 elderly patients."	2.68	How to assess the onset of antidepressant effect: comparison of global ratings and findings based on depression scales. ( Möller, HJ; Müller, H; Volz, HP, 1996)
"Imipramine treatment resulted in a significant 15% increase in heart rate on both day 14 and day 28, whereas heart rate tended to decrease under venlafaxine."	2.68	Subchronic antidepressant treatment with venlafaxine or imipramine and effects on blood pressure and heart rate: assessment by automatic 24-hour monitoring. ( Benkert, O; Gründer, G; Schlösser, R; Wetzel, H, 1996)
"Imipramine was associated with anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth and dizziness."	2.68	Fluvoxamine versus imipramine and placebo: a double-blind comparison in depressed patients. ( Birkhimer, LJ; Fabre, L; Kapik, BM; Wong, LF; Zaborny, BA, 1996)
"Forty patients with a diagnosis of unipolar depression were subjected to a placebo washout and were assessed at pre-drug, 3 h after their first dose of imipramine, and again 2 weeks into treatment."	2.68	Quantitative EEG in the prediction of antidepressant response to imipramine. ( Browne, M; Horn, ER; Knott, VJ; Lapierre, YD; Telner, JI, 1996)
"The psychometric analysis of the Melancholia Scale in the continuation or post-ECT phase showed that relapsing patients displayed a pattern with lack of interests, impaired concentration, depressed mood and anxiety among the less severe symptoms (first-compartment symptoms)."	2.68	Relapse prevention by means of paroxetine in ECT-treated patients with major depression: a comparison with imipramine and placebo in medium-term continuation therapy. ( Bech, P; Black, C; Clemmesen, L; Lauritzen, L; Lunde, M; Odgaard, K; Ohrström, J, 1996)
" The dose was adjusted to a predefined fixed blood level to avoid suboptimal dosing of imipramine."	2.68	A double-blind, fixed blood-level study comparing mirtazapine with imipramine in depressed in-patients. ( Bruijn, JA; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van de Wetering, BJ; van den Broek, WW; van der Mast, RC; van Hulst, AM, 1996)
"Differences in recurrence rates after the switch to placebo from phenelzine and imipramine could be due to the two drugs' different mechanisms of action or to baseline differences in the two populations."	2.68	Prophylactic efficacy of phenelzine and imipramine in chronic atypical depression: likelihood of recurrence on discontinuation after 6 months' remission. ( McGrath, PJ; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E, 1997)
"Gepirone ER was better tolerated than imipramine when judged by dropout rates for adverse events."	2.68	A double-blind comparison of gepirone extended release, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of outpatient major depression. ( Feiger, AD, 1996)
"Paroxetine drug costs were significantly higher than imipramine drug costs."	2.68	Economic evaluation of paroxetine and imipramine in depressed outpatients. ( Brink, DD; Carroll, NV; Farrar, TW; Kirkwood, CK; Melton, ST, 1997)
" Discriminant analysis revealed that the combination of trimipramine with bright light results in a different side effect profile compared with drug monotherapy."	2.68	Side effects of adjunct light therapy in patients with major depression. ( Hatzinger, M; Hemmeter, U; Holsboer-Trachsler, E; Müller, MJ; Seifritz, E, 1997)
" During the study, the adverse events were generally mild to moderate and most subsided with continued treatment; the most frequent were nausea for venlafaxine and dry mouth for imipramine."	2.67	Long-term safety and clinical acceptability of venlafaxine and imipramine in outpatients with major depression. ( Cohn, C; Crowder, J; Davidson, J; Dunner, D; Feighner, J; Kiev, A; Patrick, R; Shrivastava, RK, 1994)
"With no cure or vaccine for AIDS expected in the near future, researchers have tried to locate predictors of high-risk sexual activity and develop interventions that emphasize primary prevention and encouragement of safe sex."	2.67	Sexual activity among HIV-seropositive gay men seeking treatment for depression. ( Rabkin, JG; Rabkin, R; Wagner, GJ, 1993)
"Nefazodone is a phenylpiperazine antidepressant with 5-HT2 antagonism and 5-HT reuptake inhibition."	2.67	Nefazodone and imipramine in major depression: a placebo-controlled trial. ( Clary, C; Fox, I; Rickels, K; Schweizer, E; Weise, C, 1994)
" Side effects were assessed through the Dosage Record Emergent Symptoms at days 0, 7, 14, 30, 45, and 60."	2.67	Effects of moclobemide on depressive symptoms and cognitive performance in a geriatric population: a controlled comparative study versus imipramine. ( Delle Chiaie, R; Donnini, M; Gambino, C; Pancheri, P; Seripa, S; Trillo, L; Vicario, E, 1994)
"The imipramine-treated patients showed a higher frequency of adverse events, especially the anticholinergic type, than citalopram-treated patients."	2.67	Citalopram and imipramine in the treatment of depressive patients in general practice. A Nordic multicentre clinical study. ( Damsbo, N; Fuglum, E; Horsgård, S; Jacobsen, LV; Rosenberg, C, 1994)
" Dosage was flexible and administered on a three-times-a-day schedule, with a mean maximum daily dose of 182 mg for venlafaxine and 176 mg for imipramine."	2.67	Comparison of venlafaxine and imipramine in the acute treatment of major depression in outpatients. ( Feighner, J; Mandos, LA; Rickels, K; Schweizer, E, 1994)
"Phenelzine consistently was found to be superior to imipramine."	2.67	Columbia atypical depression. A subgroup of depressives with better response to MAOI than to tricyclic antidepressants or placebo. ( Harrison, W; Klein, DF; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, E; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, JG; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E, 1993)
"Patients meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder are heterogeneous."	2.67	[Impact of personality factors in depression]. ( Quitkin, FM, 1993)
"Imipramine-treated patients reported more anticholinergic side effects, whereas tiredness and headache were observed more frequently in the moclobemide-treated patients."	2.67	Moclobemide versus imipramine in depressed out-patients: a double-blind multi-centre study. ( Jääskeläinen, J; Kaartinen, P; Kalli, A; Kilponen, E; Koskinen, T; Nikkilä, H; Pirttiperä, V; Rimón, R; Seppälä, J, 1993)
"Of 60 depressed alcoholics who completed an open trial of imipramine, 27 (45%) responded with improvement in both mood and drinking behavior, and eight (13%) responded after further dosage increases or treatment with disulfiram."	2.67	Imipramine treatment of alcoholism with comorbid depression. ( Harrison, W; McGrath, PJ; Nunes, EV; Ocepek-Welikson, K; Quitkin, FM; Stewart, JP; Tricamo, E, 1993)
" The question was whether maintaining antidepressant medication at the dosage used to treat the acute episode beyond 3 years would continue to provide a significant prophylactic effect compared with medication discontinuation after the 3 years of effective maintenance treatment."	2.67	Five-year outcome for maintenance therapies in recurrent depression. ( Cornes, C; Frank, E; Grochocinski, VJ; Kupfer, DJ; Mallinger, AG; McEachran, AB; Perel, JM; Thase, ME, 1992)
"Paroxetine was better tolerated than imipramine with fewer dropouts from side effects."	2.67	A double-blind comparison of paroxetine, imipramine and placebo in depressed outpatients. ( Feighner, JP, 1992)
"The imipramine dosage was flexible to give a plasma concentration around 200 nmol/l and mianserin was given at a fixed dosage of 30 mg daily."	2.67	Combined treatment with imipramine and mianserin. A controlled pilot study. ( Bech, P; Clemmesen, L; Klysner, R; Lauritzen, L; Loldrup, D; Lunde, M; Schaumburg, E; Waarst, S, 1992)
"Imipramine-treated patients were significantly more likely than those taking placebo to report one or more adverse effects, which were predominantly anticholinergic in nature."	2.67	A 6-week, double-blind trial of paroxetine, imipramine, and placebo in depressed outpatients. ( Fabre, LF, 1992)
"Paroxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with significant antidepressant properties."	2.67	Paroxetine in the treatment of depression: a comparison with imipramine and placebo. ( Boyer, WF; Feighner, JP, 1992)
"Imipramine, however, was comparatively poorly tolerated."	2.67	A double-blind comparison of paroxetine, imipramine, and placebo in major depression. ( Blumhardt, CL; Overweg, N; Shrivastava, RK; Shrivastava, SH, 1992)
"Imipramine either was not superior on these measures or took longer to show a significant difference."	2.67	Paroxetine in major depression: a double-blind trial with imipramine and placebo. ( Cohn, JB; Wilcox, CS, 1992)
" The average maximum dosage of alprazolam was 2."	2.67	A double-blind clinical trial of alprazolam, imipramine, or placebo in the depressed elderly. ( Greenwald, S; Prusoff, B; Sholomskas, AJ; Weissman, MM, 1992)
"In 79 patients with endogenous depressions (66 MDP and 13 circular schizophrenic patients) which received high doses of tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline in agitated forms and melipramine++ in inhibited ones) that remained ineffective for at least one month, hemosorption (HS; 39 patients) or ECT (40 patients) were randomly applied."	2.67	[Comparative effectiveness of detoxification hemosorption and electroconvulsive therapy in patients with endogenous depression resistant to tricyclic antidepressants]. ( Kosov, NE; Mosolov, SN, 1991)
"Patients who failed to respond to sustained, adequate treatment with the tricyclic imipramine (mean maximum dosage = 260 mg/day) and interpersonal psychotherapy were withdrawn from imipramine and treated in a standardized, but open-label 6-week trial with either phenelzine (N = 4; 60 mg/day) or tranylcypromine (N = 36; mean = 38."	2.67	Treatment of imipramine-resistant recurrent depression, III: Efficacy of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. ( Frank, E; Hamer, T; Kupfer, DJ; Mallinger, AG; Thase, ME, 1992)
"One hundred and twelve patients suffering from moderate to severe major depression (DSM III) were enrolled into a study to compare the antidepressant activity and side effect profiles of two dosage groups of minaprine (200 mg and 300 mg per day) and one of imipramine (150 mg per day) in psychiatric practice."	2.67	Minaprine and dose response in depression. An investigation of two fixed doses of minaprine compared with imipramine. ( Baldwin, DS; Herrington, RN; Livingston, HM; Montgomery, SA; Patel, A; Priest, RG; Steinert, J, 1991)
"For phenelzine-treated patients, development of hypomania during follow-up was associated with a better outcome at 6 months and absence of life events prior to the onset of the episode was associated with a worse outcome at 6 months."	2.67	Predictors of antidepressant treatment outcome in melancholia: psychosocial, clinical and biological indicators. ( Bulbena, A; Catalan, R; Gasto, C; Menchon, JM; Vallejo, J, 1991)
" Adverse events were reported or observed in 56% of moclobemide patients and in 69% of imipramine patients."	2.67	Efficacy and safety of moclobemide compared with imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Double-blind multicenter study, Austria. ( Baumhackl, U; Gallhofer, B; Geretsegger, C; Hebenstreit, GF; Loidl, M; Radmayr, E; Saletu, M; Schöny, W; Stabl, M, 1990)
" Patients were treated for 6 weeks up to a target dosage of 5 mg/kg/day and assessed weekly by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Clinical Global Impressions Improvement scale (CGI)."	2.67	The pharmacotherapy of depressive illness in adolescence: I. An open label trial of imipramine. ( Freeman, R; Rigali, J; Strober, M, 1990)
" A second question was whether maintaining antidepressant medication at the dosage used to treat the acute episode rather than decreasing to a "maintenance" dosage would provide prophylaxis superior to that observed in earlier trials in which a maintenance dosage strategy was employed."	2.67	Three-year outcomes for maintenance therapies in recurrent depression. ( Cornes, C; Frank, E; Grochocinski, VJ; Jarrett, DB; Kupfer, DJ; Mallinger, AG; McEachran, AB; Perel, JM; Thase, ME, 1990)
"Imipramine (25 patients) was given in a dosage starting with 33 mg and gradually increased to 100 mg/day in the first 5 days, after which it could be further increased; 25 patients received placebo."	2.67	Moclobemide, imipramine and placebo in the treatment of major depression. ( Alves, A; Mundim, FD; Nardi, AE; Schmid-Burgk, W; Versiani, M, 1990)
" The authors report on the efficacy of lithium augmentation in an open-label study of 20 outpatients with recurrent major depression who had not responded to greater than or equal to 12 weeks of treatment with imipramine (mean dosage = 256 mg/day) and psychotherapy."	2.66	Treatment of imipramine-resistant recurrent depression: II. An open clinical trial of lithium augmentation. ( Frank, E; Jarrett, DB; Kupfer, DJ; Thase, ME, 1989)
"Paroxetine is a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, which is being investigated as an antidepressant."	2.66	Paroxetine in the treatment of depression: a comparison with imipramine and placebo. ( Boyer, WF; Feighner, JP, 1989)
" In an ongoing 3-year maintenance trial, the authors are using imipramine in dosages greater than 150 mg/day for both acute and continuation treatment (4 to 6 months) of recurrent depression in order to test the efficacy of this dosage level."	2.66	Adequate treatment with imipramine in continuation treatment. ( Frank, E; Kupfer, DJ; Perel, JM, 1989)
"Fluoxetine was generally well tolerated."	2.66	A double-blind comparison of fluoxetine, imipramine and placebo in outpatients with major depression. ( Boyer, WF; Feighner, JP; Hendrickson, GG; Merideth, CH, 1989)
"Fengabine is a new GABAmimetic compound active in animal models predictive of antidepressant activity."	2.66	Fengabine, a new GABAmimetic agent in the treatment of depressive disorders: an overview of six double-blind studies versus tricyclics. ( Garreau, M; Magni, G; Orofiamma, B; Palminteri, R, 1989)
"Moclobemide was superior to imipramine in mean time to onset of effect (7."	2.66	A comparison of moclobemide and imipramine in treatment of depression. ( Casacchia, M; Rossi, A, 1989)
" The authors report on the lack of efficacy of adjunctive L-triiodothyronine (T3; 25 micrograms/day) in a sample of 20 outpatient unipolar depressives who had not responded to greater than or equal to 12 weeks of treatment with imipramine (mean dosage = 240 mg/day) and interpersonal psychotherapy."	2.66	Treatment of imipramine-resistant recurrent depression: I. An open clinical trial of adjunctive L-triiodothyronine. ( Jarrett, DB; Kupfer, DJ; Thase, ME, 1989)
"Imipramine was used to treat 18 depressed inpatients for 22 days."	2.66	The influence of the route of administration of imipramine on imipramine and desipramine blood levels. ( Albin, H; Demotes-Mainard, F; Fança, X; Rigal, J; Vinçon, G, 1989)
"Nefazodone therapy was also associated with fewer dropouts from adverse effects than was imipramine."	2.66	A comparison of nefazodone, imipramine, and placebo in patients with moderate to severe depression. ( Boyer, WF; D'Amico, MF; Feighner, JP; Fowler, RC; Pambakian, R, 1989)
" Imipramine and fluoxetine have already been compared in other studies, but never at such a low dosage (20 mg) for fluoxetine."	2.66	A double-blind study of fluoxetine and imipramine in major depression. ( Bressa, GM; Brugnoli, R; Pancheri, P, 1989)
" This treatment was combined with either placebo, diazepam (10 mg/day) or dixyrazine (50 mg/day)."	2.66	Comparison of the serum levels in primary non-agitated depressed out-patients treated with imipramine in combination with placebo, diazepam or dixyrazine. ( Feet, PO; Holm, V; Larsen, S; Liden, A; Lillevold, PE; Robak, OH, 1987)
" Our study indicates that the discontinuation of diazepam, even when given in moderate dosage over a relatively short period of time, may cause withdrawal reactions in combined antidepressant/diazepam treatment."	2.66	Withdrawal reactions to diazepam in combined imipramine/diazepam treatment of primary nonagitated depressed outpatients. ( Feet, PO; Larsen, S; Lillevold, PE; Robak, OH, 1988)
"Fluvoxamine was generally well tolerated in most patients."	2.66	Treatment of major affective disorder with fluvoxamine. ( Badoe, K; Browne, M; Horn, E; Lapierre, YD; Oyewumi, LK; Roberts, N; Sarantidis, D; Tessier, P, 1987)
"Imipramine was associated with significant postural falls in mean systolic pressure."	2.66	Fluvoxamine in the treatment of the older depressed patient; double-blind, placebo-controlled data. ( Wakelin, JS, 1986)
"Bupropion is a new antidepressant of the aminoketone class which is structurally unrelated to the tricyclics and which is relatively free of cardiac side effects in healthy depressed patients."	2.66	Cardiovascular effects of imipramine and bupropion in depressed patients with congestive heart failure. ( Bigger, JT; Giardina, EG; Glassman, AH; Johnson, LL; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1987)
"Phenelzine was widely superior to placebo and also showed superiority to imipramine."	2.66	Antidepressant specificity in atypical depression. ( Goetz, DM; Harrison, WM; Klein, DF; Liebowitz, MR; Markowitz, JS; McGrath, PJ; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, JG; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E, 1988)
"Phenelzine was found to be superior to imipramine and placebo."	2.66	Phenelzine versus imipramine in the treatment of probable atypical depression: defining syndrome boundaries of selective MAOI responders. ( Harrison, WM; Klein, DF; Liebowitz, MR; Markowitz, JS; McGrath, PJ; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, JG; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E; Wager, SG, 1988)
"Imipramine was associated with significantly greater pre- to posttreatment improvement of social-vocational impairments in chronic depression, suggesting that these impairments may have represented affective symptoms rather than characterologic deficits."	2.66	Imipramine and social-vocational adjustment in chronic depression. ( Frances, AJ; Kocsis, JH; Mann, JJ; Mason, BJ; Sweeney, J; Voss, C, 1988)
"Chlordiazepoxide-treated patients generally did significantly better on sleep difficulty but significantly worse on anger-hostility and interpersonal sensitivity than did imipramine- or placebo-treated patients."	2.66	Imipramine and chlordiazepoxide in depressive and anxiety disorders. I. Efficacy in depressed outpatients. ( Covi, L; Downing, R; Faden, V; Kahn, RJ; Lasseter, VK; Lipman, RS; McNair, DM; Rickels, K, 1986)
"Plasma drug concentrations and clinical response were measured in two groups of hospitalised depressed patients, who received amitriptyline or imipramine double-blind, in a dosage of 250 mg for four weeks."	2.66	Imipramine and amitriptyline plasma concentrations and clinical response in major depression. ( Bowden, C; Brunswick, D; Hanin, I; Kocsis, JH, 1986)
" All patients were treated with imipramine (100-200 mg-day) combined with either placebo, diazepam (10 mg/day) or dixyrazine (50 mg/day) for 8 weeks."	2.66	A double blind study in out-patients with primary non-agitated depression treated with imipramine in combination with placebo, diazepam or dixyrazine. ( Feet, PO; Larsen, S; Robak, OH, 1985)
" Therapy was initiated at 50 mg/day; thereafter, dosage ranged between 100 and 300 mg/day for both drugs."	2.66	A double-blind placebo-controlled study of fluvoxamine and imipramine in depression. ( Dominguez, RA; Goldstein, BJ; Jacobson, AF; Steinbook, RM, 1985)
"The increased orthostatic hypotension occurred early in treatment and at low doses of imipramine."	2.66	Orthostatic effect of imipramine and doxepin in depressed geriatric outpatients. ( Aldrich, J; Conolly, ME; Gerner, R; Hill, M; Jarvik, LF; Joseph, J; Linde, S; Mintz, J; Neshkes, RE; Rosen, R, 1985)
"Alprazolam was at least as effective as imipramine in relieving depressive symptoms, significantly more effective in relieving somatic symptoms, and showed an earlier onset of activity in some measurements."	2.65	Comparison of alprazolam, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of depression. ( Aden, GC; Fabre, LF; Feighner, JP; Rickels, K; Smith, WT, 1983)
" A drug-free and a placebo day were followed by dosing with imipramine, 1 mg/kg per day, given in two divided doses."	2.65	Antiarrhythmic effect of imipramine hydrochloride in patients with ventricular premature complexes without psychological depression. ( Bigger, JT; Giardina, EG, 1982)
" The mean maintenance dosage of trazodone was 300 mg (range 200-350 mg) and of imipramine 160 mg (range 150-175 mg)."	2.65	A double blind comparison of the efficacy and safety of trazodone and imipramine in endogenous depression. ( Al-Yassiri, MM; Ankier, SI; Bridges, PK, 1983)
"Zimeldine (100 mg b."	2.65	A multicentre double-blind comparative trial of zimeldine and imipramine in primary major depressive disorders. ( Hiramatsu, KI; Inoue, R; Kazamatsuri, H; Mori, A; Murasaki, M; Sakuma, A; Takahashi, R, 1983)
"The zimeldine treatment group had significantly lower mean HAM-D scale total scores than the placebo and imipramine groups at week 4 and last available assessment."	2.65	A double-blind, controlled evaluation of zimeldine, imipramine and placebo in patients with primary affective disorders. ( Feighner, JP; Merideth, CH, 1983)
"The imipramine treated group were significantly older."	2.65	Plasma levels and clinical response with imipramine in a study comparing efficacy with mianserin and nomifensine. ( Montgomery, DB; Montgomery, SA; Robinson, C; Roy, D; Wynne-Willson, S, 1983)
"Progabide was devoid of any evident antipsychotic action."	2.65	The potential use of GABA agonists in psychiatric disorders: evidence from studies with progabide in animal models and clinical trials. ( Bartholini, G; Broekkamp, C; Depoortere, H; Fournier, V; Lloyd, KG; Morselli, PL; Scatton, B; Worms, P; Zivkovic, B, 1983)
"Amoxapine was associated with significant neuroleptic activity in plasma."	2.65	Double-blind comparison of amoxapine and imipramine in the treatment of depressed patients. ( Cohen, BM; Curren, FC; Falk, WE; Gelenberg, AJ; Hicks, RH; Lydiard, RB; McCormick, MG; Wojcik, JD, 1984)
"Nomifensine was at least as effective as imipramine in reducing depressive symptoms at average doses of 150 mg/day."	2.65	Multicenter double-blind comparison of nomifensine and imipramine for efficacy and safety in depressed outpatients. ( Abrahams, LM; Bremner, JD; Crupie, JE; McCawley, A; Proctor, RC; Sathananthan, GL, 1984)
" The findings suggest a more favorable side effect profile for nomifensine, which was associated with a lower frequency of sedating and anticholinergic effects than was seen in the imipramine group."	2.65	A double-blind comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of nomifensine, imipramine, and placebo in depressed geriatric outpatients. ( Feighner, JP; Hendrickson, G; Merideth, CH, 1984)
" Side effect information was collected at each visit."	2.65	An overview of side effects and long-term experience with nomifensine from United States clinical trials. ( Hardiman, S; Nash, RJ; Yakabow, AL, 1984)
" However, the laboratory pharmacological characteristics of agents are a more reliable predictor of side effect profiles than they are of their therapeutic activities."	2.65	Comparative side effect profiles of trazodone and imipramine: special reference to the geriatric population. ( Gershon, S, 1984)
"Phenelzine was superior to imipramine on the interpersonal sensitivity and paranoia factors of the 90-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, with trends toward superiority on several other measures, while imipramine was not differentially superior on any measure."	2.65	Phenelzine v imipramine in atypical depression. A preliminary report. ( Harrison, W; Klein, DF; Liebowitz, MR; Markowitz, JS; McGrath, PJ; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, J; Stewart, JW; Tricamo, E, 1984)
"Treatment with imipramine showed 62."	2.65	A double-blind controlled clinical trial comparing fluvoxamine with imipramine. ( Dreyfus, JF; Guelfi, JD; Pichot, P, 1983)
"The lithium carbonate-treated group had fewer manic episodes than the other groups."	2.65	Drug therapy in the prevention of recurrences in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders. Report of the NIMH Collaborative Study Group comparing lithium carbonate, imipramine, and a lithium carbonate-imipramine combination. ( Johnson, WE; Kupfer, DJ; Mansky, PA; Prien, RF; Small, JG; Tuason, VB; Voss, CB, 1984)
"Among 33 out-patients with endogenous depression, 16 were treated with bromocriptine (10-60 mg/day, mean 34) and 17 with imipramine (75-250 mg/day, mean 143)."	2.65	Bromocriptine and imipramine in endogenous depression. A double-blind controlled trial in out-patients. ( Gerlach, J; Waehrens, J, 1981)
"Lithium carbonate was found to help prevent depressive relapse among patients with unipolar disease, and relapse of any type among those with bipolar II disease."	2.65	Lithium carbonate and imipramine in the prophylaxis of unipolar and bipolar II illness: a prospective, placebo-controlled comparison. ( Howard, A; Kane, JM; Nayak, DD; Quitkin, FM; Ramos-Lorenzi, JR; Rifkin, A, 1982)
"However, a melancholia subscale of the HDS contained items the total of which can be used to compare patients quantitatively, although in some part of the analysis one of these items showed ceiling effect."	2.65	The Hamilton depression scale. Evaluation of objectivity using logistic models. ( Allerup, P; Bech, P; Gram, LF; Jacobsen, O; Nagy, A; Reisby, N; Rosenberg, R, 1981)
" Therapeutic effects were the same but once daily dosage produced drowsiness whilst thrice daily dosage did not."	2.65	Trazodone in depression. ( Wheatley, D, 1980)
"Trazodone was found to be equivalent in efficacy to imipramine and statistically significantly superior to placebo."	2.65	A controlled study of trazodone, imipramine, and placebo in outpatients with endogenous depression. ( Georgotas, A; Gershon, S; Mann, JJ; Newton, R, 1981)
"Treatment with imipramine and doxepin, but not placebo, was associated with significant improvement (P less than 0."	2.65	Cardiovascular effects of tricyclic antidepressants in depressed patients with chronic heart disease. ( Barnes, RF; Caldwell, JH; Gumbrecht, G; Raskind, MA; Ritchie, JL; Veith, RC, 1982)
"Depressive disorders are frequently associated with significant and pervasive impairments in social functioning, often substantially worse than those experienced by patients with other chronic medical conditions."	2.41	Social functioning in depression: a review. ( Baldwin, D; Bourgeois, M; Healy, D; Hirschfeld, RM; Humble, M; Kasper, S; Keller, MB; Möller, HJ; Montenegro, R; Montgomery, SA; Schatzberg, AF; Versiani, M, 2000)
"The subsequent delineation of dysthymia in DSM-III and its future editions as well as ICD."	2.40	Pharmacotherapy of dysthymic and chronic depressive disorders: overview with focus on moclobemide. ( Versiani, M, 1998)
"Nefazodone is a new antidepressant that combines blockade of the serotonin-2 receptor with serotonin uptake inhibition."	2.39	Comparison of the tolerability of bupropion, fluoxetine, imipramine, nefazodone, paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine. ( Preskorn, SH, 1995)
"Nefazodone-treated patients showed significantly greater improvement in somatic anxiety (HAM-D item 11) ratings than placebo-treated patients from Week 4 through end of treatment (p < or = ."	2.39	Response of anxiety and agitation symptoms during nefazodone treatment of major depression. ( Anton, SF; Fawcett, J; Marcus, RN; O'Brien, K; Schwiderski, U, 1995)
" In many instances, a knowledge of the drug metabolism status of a patient can be helpful in the selection of a drug and its dosage regimen, and in the prediction of possible drug/drug interactions when two or more drugs have to be administered concomitantly."	2.39	Polymorphism in the metabolism of drugs, including antidepressant drugs: comments on phenotyping. ( Coutts, RT, 1994)
"Nefazodone treatment was associated with fewer side effects than were the control drugs."	2.39	The safety profile of nefazodone. ( Kaplita, SB; Marcus, RN; Roberts, DL; Robinson, DS; Seminara, JA; Smith, JM; Stringfellow, JC, 1996)
" Determining the best dosing strategy has been the goal of recent treatment studies with alcohol-dependent patients."	2.39	Dosing issues in the pharmacotherapy of alcoholism. ( Mason, BJ, 1996)
"As to the treatment of depressive disorder, school phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents, no controlled empirical studies on combined therapies exist."	2.38	Pharmacotherapy and behaviour therapy--competition or cooperation? ( van Engeland, H, 1993)
"Assessment of seizure risk in individuals involves consideration of predisposing factors, the antidepressant selected, and the bioavailability of the drug."	2.38	Seizures associated with antidepressants: a review. ( Jacobs, SC; Nelson, JC; Rosenstein, DL, 1993)
"Nomifensine has demonstrated efficacy in several animal models that have been found to be predictive of clinical antidepressant activity, and has also been found to have a low potential for both cardiovascular and anticholinergic side effects."	2.37	Pharmacology of nomifensine: a review of animal studies. ( Fielding, S; Szewczak, MR, 1984)
"It is important to understand both the kinetic and the dynamic implications of dosing TCAs and BZs in the elderly, for whom these drugs are frequently prescribed."	2.37	Implications of dosing tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines in geriatrics. ( Cutler, NR; Narang, PK, 1984)
"Imipramine has a high clearance (0."	2.37	Imipramine: a model substance in pharmacokinetic research. ( Gram, LF, 1988)
"The incidence of convulsions in patients receiving tricyclic antidepressants or bupropion was reviewed."	2.36	Incidence of seizures during treatment with tricyclic antidepressant drugs and bupropion. ( Peck, AW; Stern, WC; Watkinson, C, 1983)
" Chronic administration of tricyclic antidepressant drugs or the prolonged application of other antidepressant therapies, such as electroshock and sleep-deprivation, resulted in decreases in the density of 3H-imipramine binding sites."	2.36	High-affinity 3H-imipramine binding: a new biological marker in depression. ( Briley, M; Langer, SZ; Raisman, R; Sechter, D; Zarifian, E, 1982)
"Depression is common and results in a significant morbidity and economic burden."	1.51	The effect of depressive-like behavior and antidepressant therapy on social behavior and hierarchy in rats. ( Boyko, M; Brotfain, E; Frank, D; Frenkel, A; Grinshpun, J; Gruenbaum, BF; Gruenbaum, SE; Kutz, R; Zeldetz, V; Zlotnik, A; Zvenigorodsky, V, 2019)
"Depression is commonly associated with hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction that primarily manifests as aberrant glucocorticoid secretion."	1.48	Differential effects of imipramine and CORT118335 (Glucocorticoid receptor modulator/mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) on brain-endocrine stress responses and depression-like behavior in female rats. ( Balmer, NJ; Caldwell, JL; Estrada, CM; Ghisays, V; Nguyen, ET; Solomon, MB; Streicher, J, 2018)
"Imipramine is a tricyclic medication that has been used for the treatment of depression and other mood disorders."	1.46	Imipramine-induced hyperpigmentation. ( Bicknell, LM; Fernandez, M; McFaddin, CL; Parekh, P, 2017)
"Depression is a common psychopathological disorders."	1.43	Zinc and imipramine reverse the depression-like behavior in mice induced by chronic restraint stress. ( Ding, Q; Huang, J; Li, H; Mo, F; Shen, H; Shen, Z; Tian, X; Wang, X, 2016)
"Imipramine was rather proinflammatory, whereas other tested drugs expressed immunosuppressive potential."	1.43	Repeatedly administered antidepressant drugs modulate humoral and cellular immune response in mice through action on macrophages. ( Bryk, A; Bryniarski, P; Filipczak-Bryniarska, I; Kozlowski, M; Kuszmiersz, P; Myszka, M; Nazimek, K; Nowakowski, J; Strobel, S; Tyszka, A, 2016)
"Nimodipine (NMD) is a Ca(2+) channel blocker that has been extensively investigated for therapy of central nervous system (CNS) disorders."	1.43	Antidepressant-like activity of liposomal formulation containing nimodipine treatment in the tail suspension test, forced swim test and MAOB activity in mice. ( Freitas, RM; Moreno, LCGEAI; Rolim, HML; Santos-Magalhães, NS, 2016)
"Dextromethorphan (DM) is an antitussive with rapid acting antidepressant potential based on pharmacodynamic similarities to ketamine."	1.42	Involvement of AMPA receptors in the antidepressant-like effects of dextromethorphan in mice. ( Matsumoto, RR; Nguyen, L, 2015)
"Serotonin syndrome (SS) and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) are life-threatening adverse reactions caused by serotonergic antidepressants and neuroleptics, respectively."	1.42	Serotonin syndrome overlapping with neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A case report and approaches for differentially diagnosing the two syndromes. ( Nisijima, K, 2015)
"Treatment with imipramine in the SD rats did not induce significant differences in the number of mitochondria."	1.39	Mitochondrial plasticity of the hippocampus in a genetic rat model of depression after antidepressant treatment. ( Chen, F; Madsen, TM; Nyengaard, JR; Wegener, G, 2013)
"Pneumococcal meningitis is a severe infectious disease of the central nervous system, associated with acute inflammation and might cause damage to the host, such as deafness, blindness, seizure, and learning deficits."	1.38	Imipramine reverses depressive-like parameters in pneumococcal meningitis survivor rats. ( Barichello, T; Cipriano, AL; Comim, CM; Costa, CS; Generoso, JS; Milioli, G; Moreira, AP; Quevedo, J; Teixeira, AL; Vilela, MC, 2012)
"Treatment with imipramine decreased the immobility time in nondiabetic and diabetic rats, compared with both nondiabetic and diabetic rats treated with saline."	1.38	Imipramine treatment reverses depressive-like behavior in alloxan-diabetic rats. ( Aguiar, BW; Ceretta, LB; Kapczinski, F; Lersh, C; Pfaffenseller, B; Quevedo, J; Réus, GZ; Ribeiro, KF; Stringari, RB; Zappellini, G, 2012)
" Interesting enough, acute administration, but not chronic administration of memantine at higher dose (20 mg/kg) increased BDNF protein levels in the rat hippocampus (p < 0."	1.36	Neurochemical and behavioural effects of acute and chronic memantine administration in rats: Further support for NMDA as a new pharmacological target for the treatment of depression? ( Fries, GR; Kapczinski, F; Kirsch, TR; Quevedo, J; Réus, GZ; Roesler, R; Stringari, RB, 2010)
"Global transient cerebral ischemia was performing with the four-vessels occlusion method."	1.35	Behavioral effects of four antidepressants on an ischemic rat model of emotional disturbances. ( Bantsiele, GB; Bentué-Ferrer, D; Bourin, M; Laviolle, B; Reymann, JM; Saïkali, S, 2009)
"Treatment with desipramine or imipramine, however, was not effective at reducing immobility in the 21-day-old rats."	1.35	Juvenile rats in the forced-swim test model the human response to antidepressant treatment for pediatric depression. ( Bylund, DB; Happe, HK; Petty, F; Reed, AL, 2008)
" At maintenance phase immediately before relapse, average dosage was 42."	1.35	Adequacy of continuation and maintenance treatments for major depression in Japan. ( Akechi, T; Azuma, H; Fujita, A; Furukawa, TA; Kitamura, T; Takahashi, K, 2008)
"Imipramine doses were adjusted to attain a predefined fixed plasma level."	1.35	Efficacy of imipramine in psychotic versus nonpsychotic depression. ( Birkenhager, TK; Bruijn, JA; Moleman, P; Mulder, PG; van den Broek, WW, 2008)
"Imipramine promotes the non-amyloidogenic route of APP processing via stimulatory effects on PKC."	1.33	Imipramine and citalopram facilitate amyloid precursor protein secretion in vitro. ( Bjelik, A; Hugyecz, M; Janka, Z; Kálmán, J; Kása, P; Pákáski, M, 2005)
"The adaptive neuronal changes that follow chronic administration of antidepressant drugs are thought to underlie clinical improvement in patient populations."	1.31	Adaptation of monoaminergic responses to phencyclidine in nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex following repeated treatment with fluoxetine or imipramine. ( De La Garza, R; Jentsch, JD; Roth, RH; Verrico, CD, 2002)
" The effect had a rapid onset, was sustained during chronic administration and was only seen in the prefrontal cortex."	1.31	Imipramine and phenelzine decrease glutamate overflow in the prefrontal cortex--a possible mechanism of neuroprotection in major depression? ( Bains, S; Jeetle, J; Michael-Titus, AT; Whelpton, R, 2000)
" Chronic administration of cyclic antidepressant drugs (citalopram, clomipramine, imipramine) decreased the immunoreactivity of the up-regulated G alpha i2 protein (31%)."	1.30	Density of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins in platelets of patients with major depression: increased abundance of the G alpha i2 subunit and down-regulation by antidepressant drug treatment. ( Balant, L; Busquets, X; Escribá, PV; García-Sevilla, JA; Guimón, J; Walzer, C, 1997)
"Major depressive disorder is often marked by repeated episodes of depression."	1.30	Recovery from major depression. A 10-year prospective follow-up across multiple episodes. ( Coryell, W; Endicott, J; Keller, MB; Leon, AC; Maser, JD; Mueller, TI; Shea, MT; Solomon, DA; Warshaw, M, 1997)
" However, assessment of the results of previous studies is confounded by the relative lack of standards in diagnostic criteria, outcome measures, dosage and duration of treatment."	1.29	Studies of reversible and selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A in dysthymia. ( Pétursson, H, 1995)
"Doctors' prescription and dosing behaviour was investigated using data from 9 clinical trials in 550 patients treated with psychotropics."	1.29	Correct titration of non-drugs and some other methodological issues. ( Beneke, M; Fritze, J; Rasmus, W; Rød, IS, 1994)
" Addition of fluvoxamine to patients on a stable desipramine dosage regimen resulted in a slight, but statistically not significant, increase in desipramine plasma concentrations."	1.29	Fluvoxamine-induced alterations in plasma concentrations of imipramine and desipramine in depressed patients. ( Avenoso, A; Campo, GM; Caputi, AP; Pollicino, AM; Spina, E, 1993)
"Imipramine was unsuccessful in treating trichotillomania and showed limited success in alleviating depression."	1.29	Fluoxetine treatment of trichotillomania and depression in a prepubertal child. ( Sheikha, SH; Wagner, KD; Wagner, RF, 1993)
"No significant arrhythmias or tachycardias were observed."	1.29	ECG changes in pediatric patients on tricyclic antidepressants, desipramine, and imipramine. ( Giuffre, RM; Johnson, A; O'Malley, K, 1996)
"Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently associated with major depressive disorder, and antidepressants have been reported to ameliorate PTSD symptoms in some patients."	1.29	Platelet imipramine binding in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder before and after phenelzine treatment. ( Abramovitz-Schnaider, P; Freudstein-Dan, A; Laor, N; Rehavi, M; Schujovitsky, A; Weizman, R; Wolmer, L, 1996)
" Since the behavioural effects of B-HT 920 vary according to the dosage employed, discussion centres on what receptors might conceivably underly these effects and on their preclinical relevance."	1.28	Effects of B-HT 920 in the tail-suspension test. ( Cassinadri, M; Ferrari, F; Tampieri, A; Tartoni, PL, 1991)
"The rabbit syndrome is an extrapyramidal side effect associated with chronic neuroleptic therapy."	1.28	Rabbit syndrome, antidepressant use, and cerebral perfusion SPECT scan findings. ( Fornazzari, L; Ichise, M; Remington, G; Smith, I, 1991)
"Imipramine binding was positively correlated with age, the effect of age being most pronounced in portions of the basal ganglia and temporal cortex."	1.28	Autoradiographic analysis of tritiated imipramine binding in the human brain post mortem: effects of suicide. ( Biegon, A; Gross-Isseroff, R; Israeli, M, 1989)
"3H-Imipramine binding was measured in freshly prepared platelet membranes from 47 drug-free major depressives and 46 healthy controls."	1.28	3H-imipramine binding to freshly prepared platelet membranes in depression. ( Davies, SL; Hale, AS; Horton, RW; Katona, CL; Kelly, JS; Kerry, SM; Paykel, ES; Theodorou, AE, 1989)
"A study of 49 patients with the depressive syndrome and showing different motor activity indicates that melipramin treatment proved more effective during the first week of treatment."	1.28	[The use of melipramine in treating patients with a depressive syndrome accompanied by motor retardation]. ( Bacherikov, NE; Kirichek, LT; Samardakova, GA, 1989)
"Imipramine is an established treatment for anxiety in adults."	1.28	Use of imipramine in children with intractable asthma and psychiatric disorders: a warning. ( Kanner, AM; Klein, RG; Mascia, A; Rubinstein, B, 1989)
" No adverse reactions were reported, including hypertensive and hyperpyrexic crises."	1.28	The safety of switching rapidly from tricyclic antidepressants to monoamine oxidase inhibitors. ( Kahn, D; Opler, LA; Silver, JM, 1989)
" All patients were markedly improved when the daily dosage of the antidepressant was reduced with a simultaneous decrease of the blood concentrations."	1.28	High blood concentrations of imipramine or clomipramine and therapeutic failure: a case report study using drug monitoring data. ( Balant, LP; Balant-Gorgia, AE; Garrone, G, 1989)
"The DT sensitivity was 55."	1.28	[Dexamethasone test in the diagnosis and treatment of affective psychoses]. ( Evsegneev, RA, 1989)
"Trichotillomania is seen in normal children with a variety of psychiatric conditions (Krishnan, 1985)."	1.28	Imipramine treatment of trichotillomania and coexisting depression in a seven-year-old. ( Carr, S; Weller, EB; Weller, RA, 1989)
"Trazodone tends to inhibit biochemical and pharmacological functions depending on the catecholaminergic system, whereas imipramine has a potentiating activity."	1.27	Trazodone, a new avenue in the treatment of depression. ( Silvestrini, B; Valeri, P, 1984)
"In the neurotic depression group 23 patients were subclassified as Primary Minor Depression, and 52% of them showed non-suppressor response to DST."	1.27	Dexamethasone suppression test as a predictor of drug treatment response. ( Arató, M; Grof, P; Rihmer, Z; Szádóczky, E, 1984)
" These findings show that chronic administration of low-modest doses of tricyclic antidepressants frequently cause considerable weight gain and can significantly interfere with the ability to provide long-term maintenance therapy."	1.27	Weight gain. A side-effect of tricyclic antidepressants. ( Berken, GH; Stern, WC; Weinstein, DO, 1984)
"The SIADH was shown by rechallenge to be associated with imipramine, an antidepressant not previously associated with SIADH."	1.27	Imipramine-induced inappropriate ADH secretion. ( Jackson, W; Liskin, B; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1984)
"Amoxapine was approximately one-tenth as potent as imipramine in inhibiting 5-HT uptake in blood platelets from normal controls in vitro."	1.27	Effects of amoxapine on serotonin uptake in human blood platelets of depressed patients and normal controls. ( Arora, RC; Meltzer, HY, 1983)
"The physician must watch carefully for orthostatic hypotension when using imipramine in depressed patients with impaired LVP."	1.27	The use of imipramine in depressed patients with congestive heart failure. ( Bigger, JT; Cooper, TB; Giardina, EG; Glassman, AH; Johnson, LL; Roose, SP; Walsh, BT, 1983)
"In the treatment of endogenous depression REM sleep deprivation and imipramine have similar efficacy."	1.27	Evidence for REM sleep deprivation as the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. ( Vogel, GW, 1983)
"Eight depressed children with cancer had a rapid clinical response to low doses of imipramine or amitriptyline."	1.27	Tricyclic antidepressants for children with cancer. ( Cangir, A; Choroszy, M; Kumor, K; Pfefferbaum-Levine, B; Roseberry, EA, 1983)
"Responders with bipolar depression had smaller reductions in MHPG levels than did responders with unipolar depression."	1.27	Effects of amitriptyline and imipramine on brain amine neurotransmitter metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid. ( Bowden, CL; Davis, JM; Hanin, I; Koslow, SH; Maas, JW; Robins, E, 1985)
"Imipramine binding (IB) was studied in the blood platelets from normal controls and depressed patients over a 4-year period (1981-1984) to determine if seasonal variation was present in Bmax or KD."	1.27	Seasonal variation of imipramine binding in the blood platelets of normal controls and depressed patients. ( Arora, RC; Meltzer, HY, 1988)
"The patients with probable Alzheimer's disease showed no alteration in platelet-tritiated imipramine binding."	1.27	Marked reduction in the number of platelet-tritiated imipramine binding sites in geriatric depression. ( Bissette, G; Blazer, DG; Knight, DL; Krishnan, RR; Melville, ML; Nemeroff, CB; Slotkin, TA, 1988)
"The influence of sleep deprivation on 3H imipramine binding was investigated in blood platelets of 32 depressed patients and 15 healthy subjects."	1.27	Sleep deprivation and imipramine binding sites in depressed patients and healthy subjects. ( Fähndrich, E; Haug, HJ; Rommelspacher, H; Strauss, S, 1988)
"Treatment with carbamazepine reduced CSF somatostatin (p less than ."	1.27	CSF somatostatin in affective illness and normal volunteers. ( Ballenger, JC; Gold, PW; Post, RM; Rubinow, DR, 1985)
"3H-imipramine binding was studied in the blood platelets of 80 normal controls and 50 depressed (psychotic and nonpsychotic) patients."	1.27	Effect of protein concentration on kinetic constants (Kd and Bmax) of 3H-imipramine binding in blood platelets. ( Arora, RC; Meltzer, HY; Wunnicke, V, 1985)
"Fengabine (SL 79."	1.27	Fengabine, a novel antidepressant GABAergic agent. I. Activity in models for antidepressant drugs and psychopharmacological profile. ( Bartholini, G; Depoortere, H; Lloyd, KG; Sanger, D; Zivkovic, B, 1987)
" Subacute and chronic administration of imipramine (4 or 15 mg/kg) decreased immobility of rats in the behavioral despair model."	1.27	The effects of carbamazepine on two animal models of depression. ( Barros, HM; Leite, JR, 1987)
"Desipramine was associated with a much higher frequency of jitteriness than was imipramine."	1.27	The jitteriness syndrome in panic disorder patients treated with antidepressants. ( Balon, R; Lycaki, H; Pohl, R; Yeragani, VK, 1988)
" Controlled studies of long-term use are needed to better explain the problem of attrition."	1.27	Factors associated with premature medication discontinuation among responders to an MAOI or a tricyclic antidepressant. ( Agosti, V; Markowitz, J; McGrath, PJ; Quitkin, FM; Rabkin, JG; Stewart, JW, 1988)
"Amitriptyline was preferred for agitated depressions, and imipramine was preferred for retarded depressions."	1.27	Who benefits from tricyclic antidepressants: a survey. ( Bale, P; Ban, TA; Brockett, C; Friedel, RO; Goldberg, SC; Hamer, RM; Stephens, V; Tilley, DH, 1988)
"Loeffler's syndrome (simple pulmonary eosinophilia) is an uncommon side effect of tricyclic antidepressants."	1.27	Loeffler's syndrome: an uncommon adverse reaction to imipramine. ( Amsterdam, JD, 1986)
"A study of the relationship between pharmacokinetic profiles and temporal changes in quantitative EEG following imipramine administrations showed that a single dose of imipramine administered by different routes decreased the alpha-power spectra of healthy subjects."	1.27	Pharmacokinetic profiles and temporal changes in quantitative EEG after imipramine administrations. ( Iwaya, N; Miyoshi, K; Morita, Y; Shinkuma, D, 1987)
" The authors report on practices related to dosage buildup, side effects, concurrent medical conditions, blood level information, and maintenance on tricyclics."	1.27	A survey of psychiatrists' practices related to the use of tricyclic antidepressants. ( Ban, TA; Friedel, RO; Goldberg, SC; Hamer, RM; Tilley, DH, 1986)
" Regardless of the reason for use, nonpsychiatric physicians were found to use relatively low dosages, rarely plan or effect dosage increases, and rarely discontinue medication."	1.27	Antidepressant treatment of medical-surgical inpatients by nonpsychiatric physicians. ( Callies, AL; Popkin, MK, 1987)
" In each patient, tinnitus subsided spontaneously within 2-4 weeks of onset without any specific treatment, even though the daily dosage of imipramine and the plasma tricyclic levels were constant or increased."	1.27	Imipramine and tinnitus. ( Greden, JF; Grunhaus, L; Tandon, R, 1987)
"The myoclonus was reversible with the discontinuation of therapy but tended to persist if medication changes were not made."	1.27	Occurrence of myoclonus in patients treated with cyclic antidepressants. ( Garvey, MJ; Tollefson, GD, 1987)
"Forty-six patients with various forms of endogenous depression were treated by night sleep deprivation (NSD) which was used as the cardinal method of treatment."	1.27	[Sleep deprivation as a method of treating endogenous depression]. ( Fakturovich, AIa; Vovin, RIa, 1985)
" Chronic administration of imipramine-HCl (1 and 5 mg/kg, i."	1.27	Effects of antidepressant drugs on a quickly-learned conditioned-suppression response in mice. ( Kameyama, T; Nagasaka, M; Yamada, K, 1985)
" Based on amino acid patterns and serum drug levels only half of the patients received an optimal therapy on the applied schematic dosage schedule."	1.27	Biochemical and diagnostic classification and serum drug levels: relation to antidepressive effect of imipramine. ( Elley, J; Krautwald, O; Larsen, OB; Møller, SE; Ortmann, J; Reisby, N, 1985)
" Pharmacokinetic data on benzodiazepines thus in particular are important for design of dose, dose intervals and prediction (warning) about possible accumulation after repeated doses."	1.26	The contribution of pharmacokinetics to the best use of benzodiazepines and antidepressants. ( Gram, LF, 1982)
"The imipramine-treatment group failed to have either earlier response or better final outcome."	1.26	Dexamethasone suppression test and selection of antidepressant medications. ( Albala, AA; Carroll, BJ; Feinberg, M; Gardner, R; Greden, JF; Kronfol, Z; Mukhopadhyay, S, 1981)
" This case suggests that single daily dosing of tricyclic antidepressants may be more hazardous to the liver than divided doses."	1.26	Toxic hepatitis and single daily dosage imipramine therapy. ( DeVane, CL; Harris, R; Moskovitz, R; Stewart, RB, 1982)
"The incidence of orthostatic hypotension rose dramatically among those with severe heart disease."	1.26	Factors related to orthostatic hypotension associated with tricyclic antidepressants. ( Bigger, JT; Bruno, RL; Giardina, EG; Glassman, AH; Roose, SP; Rosenfeld, R; Walsh, BT, 1982)
" The achievement of such results with moderate doses might indicate a possible relationship between the optimal dosage of the antidepressive drug and the intensity of the mood disorder."	1.26	[Imipramine and neuro-psychiatry. Retrospective study of 557 out-patients treated in a neuro-psychiatric unit (author's transl)]. ( Boulenger, JP; Brion, S, 1982)
"Significant withdrawal symptoms were found over seven symptom categories despite an average tapering period of 6."	1.26	Withdrawal symptoms after graduated cessation of imipramine in children. ( Kazdin, AE; Law, W; Petti, TA, 1981)

Research

Studies (1,430)

Authors

Clinical Trials (17)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 Item

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	857 (59.93)	18.7374
1990's	428 (29.93)	18.2507
2000's	79 (5.52)	29.6817
2010's	64 (4.48)	24.3611
2020's	2 (0.14)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Schelder-Marzzani, SH	1
Dias, P	1
Freiberger, V	1
Ventura, L	1
Silva, BB	1
Dutra, ML	1
Bobinski, F	1
Schlindwein, AD	1
Cassol, OJ	1
Comim, CM	3
Zadeh-Ardabili, PM	1
Rad, SK	2
Movafagh, A	1
Xiang, L	1
Feng, Y	1
Hu, Q	1
Zhu, J	2
Ye, R	1
Yuan, Z	1
Jastrzębska, J	1
Frankowska, M	2
Suder, A	1
Wydra, K	2
Nowak, E	1
Filip, M	2
Przegaliński, E	2
Nguyen, ET	1
Caldwell, JL	1
Streicher, J	1
Ghisays, V	1
Balmer, NJ	1
Estrada, CM	1
Solomon, MB	1
Bicknell, LM	1
McFaddin, CL	1
Fernandez, M	2
Parekh, P	1
Sales, AJ	1
Joca, SRL	1
Głombik, K	2
Stachowicz, A	1
Trojan, E	2
Ślusarczyk, J	2
Suski, M	1
Chamera, K	2
Kotarska, K	1
Olszanecki, R	1
Basta-Kaim, A	5
Costa, A	1
Cristiano, C	1
Cassano, T	1
Gallelli, CA	1
Gaetani, S	1
Ghelardini, C	1
Blandina, P	1
Calignano, A	1
Passani, MB	1
Provensi, G	1
Almeida, FB	1
Fonseca, AR	1
Heidrich, N	1
Nin, MS	1
Barros, HMT	1
Khan, A	1
Mar, KF	1
Brown, WA	5
Rahmani, G	1
Farajdokht, F	1
Mohaddes, G	1
Babri, S	1
Ebrahimi, V	1
Ebrahimi, H	1
Willner, P	3
Gruca, P	4
Lason, M	1
Tota-Glowczyk, K	1
Litwa, E	1
Niemczyk, M	1
Papp, M	5
Tillmann, S	1
Happ, DF	1
Mikkelsen, PF	1
Geisel, J	1
Wegener, G	2
Obeid, R	1
Chen, LB	1
Qiu, FM	1
Zhong, XM	1
Hong, C	1
Huang, Z	1
Boyko, M	1
Kutz, R	1
Grinshpun, J	1
Zvenigorodsky, V	1
Gruenbaum, BF	1
Gruenbaum, SE	1
Frenkel, A	1
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Frank, D	1
Zeldetz, V	1
Zlotnik, A	1
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Kaito, N	1
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Kim, KS	2
Kang, YM	1
Kang, Y	1
Park, TS	1
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Kim, YJ	1
Han, BS	1
Kim, CH	1
Lee, CH	1
Ardayfio, PA	1
Han, PL	2
Jung, BH	1
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Rosa, DV	1
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Rodrigues, AL	1
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Tomaz, VS	1
Cordeiro, RC	1
Costa, AM	1
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Nobre Júnior, HV	1
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Vasconcelos, SM	1
Vale, ML	1
Macêdo, D	1
Baldwin, DS	2
Green, M	2
Montgomery, SA	9
Patrício, P	2
Mateus-Pinheiro, A	2
Irmler, M	1
Alves, ND	2
Machado-Santos, AR	2
Morais, M	2
Correia, JS	2
Korostynski, M	1
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Stoffel, R	1
Beckers, J	1
Bessa, JM	2
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Erburu, M	1
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Shen, H	1
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Kozlowski, M	1
Bryniarski, P	1
Strobel, S	1
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Tyszka, A	1
Kuszmiersz, P	1
Nowakowski, J	1
Filipczak-Bryniarska, I	1
Moreno, LCGEAI	1
Rolim, HML	1
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Santos-Magalhães, NS	1
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Budziszewska, B	4
Lasoń, W	3
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Tohda, M	1
Hayashi, H	1
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Heijnen, WT	1
van den Broek, WW	12
Mulder, PG	9
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Whole-Body Hyperthermia for Mood and Anxiety Disorders[NCT06144294]		240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Increasing Access to Evidence-based Treatments for Depression: The Development and Evaluation of a Digital Training Platform for Interpersonal Psychotherapy.[NCT04619615]		44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-07-27	Active, not recruiting
Longitudinal Study of Individuals Presenting With a First Treated Episode of Depression of Mania (First Episode Project)[NCT01529905]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	1999-06-30	Recruiting
Efficacy of Dynamic Therapy Versus Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor for Depression[NCT00043550]	Phase 3	156 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2001-11-30	Completed
[NCT00005461]		0 participants	Observational	1991-04-30	Completed
An Investigation of the Antidepressant Efficacy of the 5-HT2A Antagonist, M100907 in Combination With Escitalopram in Treatment Resistant Depression[NCT00070694]	Phase 2	96 participants	Interventional	2003-09-30	Completed
Treatment as Usual vs. Additional Collaborative Advance Care Planning to Improve Quality of Life for Palliative Cancer Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03387436]		280 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-12-04	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Support-of-Concept Phase 2 Study of Single-Dose Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)[NCT03866174]	Phase 2	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-15	Completed
Explicit and Implicit Change of Depression in Exposure-based Cognitive Therapy[NCT01012856]	Phase 2	142 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Active, not recruiting
Virtual Mindfulness Training for Adults With History of Depression[NCT05347719]		92 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-09-01	Recruiting
Testing Low-cost Learning Through Play (LTP) Plus Parenting Intervention for Depressed Fathers (LTP Plus Dads) A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)[NCT03564847]		357 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-06-01	Completed
Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptor Imaging in Depression[NCT00050700]		107 participants (Actual)	Observational	2002-12-16	Completed
Characterization of the Molecular-Genetic Mechanisms Associated With Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Progression[NCT01293851]		3 participants (Actual)	Observational	2010-12-22	Terminated
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Address the Psychosocial Co-Morbidities of Chronic Pain in Aging People Living With HIV[NCT03699020]		13 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-01-07	Completed
Treatment Study for Frontotemporal Dementia[NCT00088751]		20 participants	Observational	2004-07-23	Completed
Measurement of GABA and Neurosteroid Levels in Women With Menopausal Major Depression Before and After Treatment With Estrogen Alone, Fluoxetine Alone, or Estrogen and Fluoxetine and Normal Controls Before and After Treatment With Estrogen[NCT00626340]	Phase 4	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1999-07-31	Completed
IBIS: Italian Burden of Illness on Schizophrenia & Bipolar Disorder[NCT01392482]		751,725 participants (Actual)	Observational	2011-07-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) (Hamilton, 1960). We used the 17-item version of the 27-item HRSD, a measure of depression severity. The Structured Interview Guide was used to conduct the interviews (SIGH-D; Williams, 1988). The reliability and validity of the HRSD are well documented (Rabkin & Klein, 1987). Interjudge reliability as assessed by interclass correlations was .92 in our sample. Total 17-item scores could range from 17-48 with higher scores indicating greater distress. (NCT00043550)
Timeframe: symptoms assessed during past 7 days, measure taken at baseline, week 8 and week 16

Brief Pain Inventory Interference Subscale

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Initial HRSD-17	Mid-treatment HRSD-17	LOCF HRSD-17
1 Sertraline	19.0	13.9	14.2
2 Supportive-expressive Psychotherapy	19.9	12.5	14.5
3 Pill Placebo	19.4	12.7	14.3

"Change in the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Interference subscale from week 0 to 6. The BPI allows persons to rate the severity of their pain (pain severity subscale) and the degree to which their pain interferes with feeling and function (interference subscale). The severity scale assess pain at its worst, least, average and now. These 4 items are ranked from 0 (no pain) to 10 (pain as bad as you can imagine). Most commonly single items of worst and average are used to represent severity. A composite of the four items (mean severity score) is often also presented. Pain interference has 7 items general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life and is scored from 0 (does not interfere) to 10 (completely interferes). Pain interference subscale is scored as the mean of the seven interference items. Change in BPI interference subscale will be represented by the difference in mean interference from baseline to week 6." (NCT03699020)
Timeframe: 6 weeks

Change in Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) Week 0 to Week 6

Intervention	score on a scale (Median)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)	-1.71
Education Control	-0.14

Change in Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire or CPAQ from study entry to end of intervention. This scale measures acceptance of chronic pain and measures two factors: activity engagement (pursuit of life activities regardless of pain) and pain willingness (recognition that avoidance and control are often unworkable methods of adapting to chronic pain). A total of 20 items represents these two factors and the items are rated on a 7-point scale from 0 (never true) to 6 (always true). Scoring the CPAQ requires adding the summed items for activity engagement and pain willingness for a total score. Thus the range of scores is from 0 (no acceptance) to 120 (full acceptance). Change in scale will be represented by the difference in CPAQ total score from baseline to week 6. (NCT03699020)
Timeframe: 6 weeks

Change in Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Week 0 to Week 3

Intervention	score on a scale (Median)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)	5
Education Control	13

Change in Pain Education Score

Intervention	change in score from 0 to 6 weeks. (Median)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)	5.5
Education Control	13

Difference from Week 0 to 6 in proportion of pain knowledge questions answered correctly. (NCT03699020)
Timeframe: Week 0 to Week 6

Comparison of Cortical GABA Levels in 4 Groups of Subjects Using Estrogen Alone, Fluoxetine Alone, Estrogen and Fluoxetine Combined in Pre and Post 4.0T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Sessions.

Intervention	proportion of correct answers (Median)
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)	0.05
Education Control	0.1

"This study was conducted at Yale University almost two decades ago. Our group at the University of Pennsylvania only has very basic information about this study. This includes the number of participants, which was 18, and the fact that no adverse events occurred. Staff members at the University of Pennsylvania do not have access to any additional study data. The contact person who initially entered this study protocol information is no longer at the University of Pennsylvania and we are unable to contact for additional information.~We only know that 18 participants completed, but as far as we know data was never analyzed for these 18 participants." (NCT00626340)
Timeframe: Healthy controls will undergo scans pre and post 3 weeks of estrogen treatment. Women with depression will undergo scans pre and post 6 weeks of treatment with estrogen alone, estrogen and fluoxetine, or fluoxetine alone

imipramine and Depressive Disorder