hydroxyindoleacetic acid and Alcohol Abuse studies

(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" For example, hypothesized serotonergic deficits in alcoholism, endorphin deficits in opioid dependence, and dopamine depletion in cocaine dependence all might predispose to depression."	4.78	Hypothesized neurochemical models for psychiatric syndromes in alcohol and drug dependence. ( Extein, IL; Gold, MS, 1993)
"Among treatment-seeking alcoholics, early age at onset is generally associated with a more severe course of alcoholism and lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration."	3.69	Early-onset alcoholics have lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels than late-onset alcoholics. ( Brown, GL; Eckardt, MJ; Fils-Aime, ML; George, DT; Linnoila, M; Mefford, I, 1996)
"Among all offenders, low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) concentrations were associated with a family history positive for paternal alcoholism with violence."	3.69	A prospective follow-up study of alcoholic violent offenders and fire setters. ( Eggert, M; Linnoila, M; Rawlings, R; Virkkunen, M, 1996)
" There were significant, negative correlations between interview-derived lifetime aggression scores and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of both the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid."	3.68	Personality and cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in alcoholics and controls. ( Adinoff, B; Goldman, D; Lamparski, D; Limson, R; Linnoila, M; Ravitz, B; Roy, A, 1991)
"We review cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies suggesting on association between low CSF levels of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAAA) and suicidal and impulsive behaviour and alcoholism."	3.67	Reduced central serotonin turnover in a subgroup of alcoholics? ( Linnoila, M; Roy, A; Virkkunen, M, 1987)
" Recidivists who committed a new violent offense or arson had significantly lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid concentrations and blood glucose nadirs after oral glucose challenge than did nonrecidivists."	3.67	Relationship of psychobiological variables to recidivism in violent offenders and impulsive fire setters. A follow-up study. ( Bartko, J; De Jong, J; Goodwin, FK; Linnoila, M; Virkkunen, M, 1989)
"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were measured in the spinal fluid of 45 women hospitalized in a psychiatric department for major depression (14 cases), schizophrenia (18 cases) and alcohol dependence (13 cases)."	3.66	Relationship between cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites, neuroendocrine findings and personality dimensions (Marke-Nyman scale factors) in psychiatric patients. ( Arató, M; Banki, CM, 1983)
"5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were measured in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of 57 drug-free female patients with DSM-III diagnoses of major unipolar or bipolar depression (n = 14), schizophrenic disorder (n = 18), alcohol dependence (n = 13) and a group of other disorders (n = 12)."	3.66	Amine metabolites and neuroendocrine responses related to depression and suicide. ( Arató, M; Banki, CM, 1983)
"Alcohol addiction is associated with alterations of central nervous dopaminergic and serotonergic functions."	1.36	Serotonergic function, substance craving, and psychopathology in detoxified alcohol-addicted males undergoing tryptophan depletion. ( Bandelow, B; Engel, K; Falkai, P; Havemann-Reinecke, U; Herchenhein, T; Kirchhainer, J; Malchow, B; Wedekind, D, 2010)
"Alcoholism is a complex disorder involving, among others, the serotoninergic (5-HT) system, mainly regulated by 5-HT(1A) autoreceptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus."	1.35	Chronic voluntary ethanol intake hypersensitizes 5-HT(1A) autoreceptors in C57BL/6J mice. ( Chouchana, L; Hamon, M; Hanoun, N; Kelaï, S; Lanfumey, L; Renoir, T; Saurini, F, 2008)
"Perpetrators with alcohol dependence (DV-ALC) (n=13), perpetrators without alcohol dependence (DV-NALC) (n=10) and healthy comparison subjects (HCS) (n=20) were clinically assessed using the Spielberger Trait Anxiety, Brown-Goodwin Aggression Scale, Buss Durkee Hostility Inventory and Straus Conflict Tactics."	1.31	Serotonin, testosterone and alcohol in the etiology of domestic violence. ( Emmela, D; George, DT; Phillips, MJ; Ragan, PW; Rawlings, RR; Shoaf, SE; Umhau, JC, 2001)
"Alcoholic, impulsive offenders with antisocial personality disorder had low mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and corticotropin levels and high mean CSF testosterone concentrations."	1.29	CSF biochemistries, glucose metabolism, and diurnal activity rhythms in alcoholic, violent offenders, fire setters, and healthy volunteers. ( Bissette, G; Guidotti, A; Kalogeras, K; Karonen, SL; Linnoila, M; Nemeroff, C; Poland, RE; Rawlings, R; Tokola, R; Virkkunen, M, 1994)
"Plasma 5-HIAA in patients with delirium tremens showed significantly higher levels during the abstention period, possibly suggesting peculiarity in their serotonergic metabolism."	1.29	Circadian variation in plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid level during and after alcohol withdrawal: phase advances in alcoholic patients compared with normal subjects. ( Miyasato, K; Ohara, K; Sano, H; Suzuki, Y; Tamefusa, K; Yazaki, R; Yokoyama, T, 1993)
" Dose-response curves for DA and 5-HT release indicated no marked difference in the sensitivity to ethanol between the lines."	1.28	Ethanol enhances the release of dopamine and serotonin in the nucleus accumbens of HAD and LAD lines of rats. ( Li, TK; Lumeng, L; McBride, WJ; Yoshimoto, K, 1992)
"Studies have also linked alcohol abuse with aggression and criminality."	1.27	Serotonergic activity and disinhibitory psychopathy in alcoholism. ( Moss, HB, 1987)
"The disulfiram treatment induced elevated (P less than 0."	1.26	Concentration of serotonin metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid from alcoholics before and during disulfiram therapy. ( Beck, O; Borg, S; Holmstedt, B; Kvande, H; Shröder, R, 1980)
"Severity of withdrawal symptoms assessed on a rating scale in 14 patients with 4 days or less of abstinence correlated marginally with HVA but not with 5-HIAA."	1.26	Factors influencing monoamine metabolites and tryptophan in patients with alcohol dependence. ( Banki, CM, 1981)

Research

Studies (123)

Authors

Clinical Trials (3)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	58 (47.15)	18.7374
1990's	49 (39.84)	18.2507
2000's	13 (10.57)	29.6817
2010's	3 (2.44)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Kelaï, S	1
Renoir, T	1
Chouchana, L	1
Saurini, F	1
Hanoun, N	1
Hamon, M	1
Lanfumey, L	1
Ward, RJ	1
Colivicchi, MA	1
Allen, R	1
Schol, F	1
Lallemand, F	1
de Witte, P	1
Ballini, C	1
Corte, LD	1
Dexter, D	1
Wargelius, HL	1
Fahlke, C	1
Suomi, SJ	4
Oreland, L	3
Higley, JD	6
Asellus, P	1
Nordström, P	1
Jokinen, J	1
Wedekind, D	1
Herchenhein, T	1
Kirchhainer, J	1
Bandelow, B	1
Falkai, P	1
Engel, K	1
Malchow, B	1
Havemann-Reinecke, U	1
Heinz, A	2
Jones, DW	2
Bissette, G	4
Hommer, D	3
Ragan, P	1
Knable, M	1
Wellek, S	1
Linnoila, M	36
Weinberger, DR	2
Helander, A	7
Eriksson, CJ	1
Sher, L	3
Oquendo, MA	2
Li, S	1
Huang, YY	2
Grunebaum, MF	2
Burke, AK	2
Malone, KM	1
Mann, JJ	2
MURPHY, GE	1
GUZE, SB	1
KING, LJ	1
VOJTECHOVSKY, M	1
RYSANEK, K	1
VITEK, V	1
Ducci, F	1
Newman, TK	1
Funt, S	1
Brown, GL	4
Virkkunen, M	21
Goldman, D	8
Rissanen, A	1
Naukkarinen, H	1
Franssila-Kallunki, A	1
Tiihonen, J	1
Stenbacka, M	1
Beck, O	9
Leifman, A	1
Romelsjö, A	1
Quintanilla, ME	1
Bustamante, D	1
Tampier, L	1
Israel, Y	1
Herrera-Marschitz, M	1
Rainio, J	1
De Giorgio, F	1
Bortolotti, F	1
Tagliaro, F	1
Zarcone, VP	1
Schreier, L	2
Mitchell, G	1
Orenberg, E	2
Barchas, J	2
Mena, MA	2
Herrera, E	2
Carlsson, A	1
Adolfsson, R	1
Aquilonius, SM	1
Gottfries, CG	1
Svennerholm, L	1
Winblad, B	2
Fujimoto, A	1
Rosenthal, NE	1
Davenport, Y	1
Cowdry, RW	1
Webster, MH	1
Goodwin, FK	3
Borg, S	7
Holmstedt, B	1
Kvande, H	1
Shröder, R	1
Banki, CM	8
Molnár, G	2
Bánki, MC	1
Murphy, JM	4
McBride, WJ	5
Lumeng, L	5
Li, TK	5
Garvey, MJ	1
Tollefson, G	1
van Praag, HM	1
Arató, M	4
Papp, Z	2
Kurcz, M	1
Sjöquist, B	1
Perdahl, E	1
Martin, PR	1
Ebert, MH	2
Gordon, EK	1
Kopin, IJ	1
Martín del Río, R	1
Edman, G	1
Fyrö, B	1
Oxenstierna, G	1
Sedvall, G	1
Lappalainen, J	2
Dean, M	2
Charbonneau, L	1
Extein, IL	1
Gold, MS	1
George, T	2
Higley, D	1
Kallio, E	1
Rawlings, R	7
Tokola, R	4
Poland, RE	2
Guidotti, A	2
Nemeroff, C	2
Kalogeras, K	2
Karonen, SL	2
Nielsen, DA	2
Hartleb, J	1
Eue, S	1
Kemper, A	1
Eckardt, M	1
Nielsen, D	1
Sano, H	2
Suzuki, Y	2
Ohara, K	4
Miyasato, K	2
Yokoyama, T	2
Geracioti, TD	1
Loosen, PT	1
Ekhator, NN	1
Burns, D	1
Nicholson, WE	1
Orth, DN	1
Tipton, KF	1
Harrington, MC	1
Kennedy, NP	1
Bonner, AB	1
Brien, S	1
Preedy, VR	1
Yazaki, R	1
Tamefusa, K	1
Carlsson, AV	1
Hiltunen, AJ	2
Stibler, H	1
Jones, AW	1
Fils-Aime, ML	1
Eckardt, MJ	2
George, DT	6
Mefford, I	1
Eggert, M	1
Carlsson, S	1
Koechling, UM	1
Voltaire-Carlsson, A	1
Faraj, BA	1
Olkowski, ZL	1
Jackson, RT	1
Gorey, JG	1
Saunders, RC	1
Zajicek, K	1
Lesch, KP	1
Hibbeln, JR	1
Umhau, JC	2
Salem, N	1
Spies, CD	1
Herpell, J	1
Müller, C	1
Pragst, F	1
Phillips, MJ	2
Shoaf, SE	3
Williams, WA	1
Wallgren, H	1
Kosunen, AL	1
Ahtee, L	3
Petrakis, IL	1
Trevisan, L	1
D'Souza, C	1
Gil, R	1
Krasnicki, S	1
Webb, E	1
Heninger, G	1
Cooney, N	1
Krystal, JH	1
Long, JC	1
Ozaki, N	1
Emmela, D	1
Ragan, PW	1
Rawlings, RR	1
Tabakoff, B	2
Hoffman, P	1
Moses, F	1
Zarcone, V	1
Benson, K	1
Kato, N	2
Takahashi, S	2
Tani, N	2
Iwase, N	1
Odani, K	1
Terenius, L	1
Wahlström, A	1
Agren, H	1
Ballenger, JC	1
Major, LF	1
Hoffman, PL	1
Akhter, MI	1
Clark, PM	1
Kricka, LJ	1
Nicholson, G	1
Vojnik, M	1
Bo, P	1
Mazzella, GL	1
Mola, M	1
Cattaneo, MR	1
Massarini, M	1
Bolos, AM	1
Yoshimoto, K	1
Whelan, G	1
Linnoila, VM	1
Roy, A	10
Lamparski, D	2
De Jong, J	4
Adinoff, B	5
Ravitz, B	4
Nutt, D	1
Hallman, J	1
von Knorring, AL	1
von Knorring, L	1
Nutt, DJ	1
Berrettini, W	1
Mefford, IN	1
Costa, E	1
Nemeroff, CB	1
DeJong, J	2
Limson, R	1
Wahlström, G	1
Magnusson, O	1
Nordberg, A	1
Stenström, A	1
Tiger, G	1
Akker, LV	1
Gatto, GJ	1
Levy, AD	1
Hendin, H	1
Degrell, I	1
Pék, G	1
Nagy, D	1
Nagy, E	1
Hoyer, S	1
Guthrie, S	1
Moss, HB	1
Bartko, J	1
Badawy, AA	1
Morgan, CJ	1
Lane, J	1
Dhaliwal, K	1
Bradley, DM	1
Lidberg, L	1
Tuck, JR	1
Asberg, M	1
Scalia-Tomba, GP	1
Bertilsson, L	1
Ashcroft, GW	1
Crawford, TB	1
Eccleston, D	1
Sharman, DF	1
MacDougall, EJ	1
Stanton, JB	1
Binns, JK	1
Barnardo, DE	1
Summerskill, WH	1
Strong, CG	1
Baldus, WP	1
Yamane, H	1
Kondo, H	1
Eriksson, K	2
Payne, IR	1
Lu, GH	1
Meyer, K	1
Skugarevskaia, EI	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Brexpiprazole in the Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder.[NCT03418675]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-26	Completed
The Better Resiliency Among Veterans With Omega-3's (BRAVO) Study: A Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Among Military Veterans[NCT01901887]	Phase 1	125 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-01	Terminated (stopped due to low recruitment)
Ranger Resilience and Improved Performance on Phospholipid Bound Omega-3's[NCT02908932]		555 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

A clinician-administered assessment of anxiety that will be assessed at all study visits (Visit 1-Visit 8). Changes in scores from baseline to final visit will be assessed. Higher scores (up to 56) indicate higher levels of anxiety, with 0 being no symptoms of anxiety. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to Week 12) is reported

Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)

Intervention	change in score on a scale (Mean)
Placebo	-2.41
Rexulti	-4.88

A clinician-administered assessment of depression that will be assessed at all study visits (Visits 1-8). Higher total scores indicate higher levels of depression (up to 52), while a score of 0 would indicate no depressive symptoms. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to week 12) is reported

Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS)

Intervention	change in score on a scale (Mean)
Placebo	-2.09
Rexulti	-3.81

A self-report assessment of impulsivity that will be assessed at baseline and visit 8. The BIS is composed of 30 items describing common impulsive or non-impulsive (for reverse scored items) behaviors and preferences. Items are scored on a 4-point scale: (Rarely/Never = 1, Occasionally = 2, Often = 3, Almost Always/Always = 4). These scores are summed to produce an overall impulsivity score ranging from 30 (not impulsive) to 120 (extremely impulsive). (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

Borderline Evaluation of Severity Over Time (BEST)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 8
Placebo	76.53	68.13
Rexulti	72.27	70.5

A self rated scale used to measure severity and change. The first 12 items of the scale are on a scale from 1-5, with 5 meaning that the item caused extreme distress, severe difficulties in relationships, and/or kept them from getting things done. The lowest rating (1) means it caused little or no problems. Items 13-15 (positive behaviors) are rated according to frequency. Completed at every visit. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Assessed at Visits 1 to 8, change in scores from Visit 1 to Visit 8 (baseline to week 12) is reported

Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 8
Placebo	40.90	29.15
Rexulti	40.54	23.15

"A self-report scale measuring suicidality. Subjects will complete the scale at all visits. Subjects are asked about suicidal thoughts. If answers are no, rater can proceed to suicidal behavior section where subject is asked about any non-suicidal self injurious behavior. If yes, subject is asked about intensity of ideations. In the event of serious threat to themselves, the subject will be escorted to the emergency room. Total score indicates severity of suicidal ideation and behavior, with lower scores representing lower levels of suicidality and higher scores representing higher levels of suicidality. A score of 0 would reflect no suicidality present, whereas a maximum score of 5 would reflect active suicidal ideation with intent to act." (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 8
Placebo	1.15	0.23
Rexulti	0.73	0.08

A short-structured interview that assesses comorbid psychiatric disorders according to the DSM 5 criteria. This assessment will be done during the baseline visit. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Week 1)

Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Major Depressive Episode (Current)	Major Depressive Episode (Past)	Manic Episode (Current)	Manic Episode (Past)	Hypomanic Episode (Current)	Bipolar I Disorder (Current)	Bipolar I Disorder (Past)	Bipolar II Disorder (Current)	Bipolar II Disorder (Past)	Panic Disorder (Current)	Panic Disorder (Lifetime)	Agoraphobia (Current)	Social Anxiety Disorder (Current)	Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (Current)	Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Current)	Alcohol Use Disorder (Past 12 months)	Substance Use Disorder (Past 12 months)	Any Psychotic Disorder (Current)	Any Psychotic Disorder (Lifetime)	Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features (Current)	Major Depressive Disorder with Psychotic Features (Past)	Anorexia Nervosa (current)	Bulimia Nervosa (Current)	Binge Eating Disorder (Current)	Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Current)	Antisocial Personality Disorder (Lifetime)	ADHD Combined Type (Current)	ADHD Inattentive Type (Current)	ADHD Hyperactive Type (Current)	Tourette's Syndrome (Lifetime)	Persistent Motor Tic Disorder (Lifetime)	Provisional Vocal Tic Disorder (Lifetime)	Provisional Tic Disorder (Lifetime)	Specific Phobia	Body Dysmorphic Disorder (Current)
Placebo	16	12	2	1	1	0	0	0	0	6	11	7	6	3	9	13	11	0	0	0	0	0	4	2	10	8	2	0	1	0	1	0	0	4	3
Rexulti	18	18	2	3	0	0	0	0	1	6	10	9	9	3	12	8	8	0	1	0	0	1	4	4	15	4	4	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	2

A self-report assessment of patient perceived quality of life that will be assessed at baseline and visit 8. Higher scores indicate a higher quality of life, whereas lower scores indicate a lower quality of life. Participants are asked to rate the importance of each domain on a 3-point scale ranging from 1=not important to 3=very important, and to rate how satisfied they are with that domain on a 6-point scale, ranging from -3=very dissatisfied to +3=very satisfied. In scoring, importance ratings are multiplied by satisfaction ratings to produce weighted satisfaction scores for each of the 16 domains. Weighted satisfaction scores are summed and divided by the number of domains that were rated as important or very important to produce a raw score, which is then converted to a t-score, which provides a proxy measurement for perceived quality of life. T-scores range from very low perceived quality of life (0-36) to high perceived quality of life (58-77). (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Week 1), Week 12 (Visit 8)

Self Report Version of Zanarini Scale

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 8
Placebo	28.89	30.75
Rexulti	28.70	35.71

A self-report scale assessing Borderline Personality severity that will be assessed at all visits.This scale is assessing severity and change in BPD symptoms. This is a 9-item scale measuring severity of different aspects of Borderline Personality Disorder, with each item rated on a 0-4 scale, 0=no symptoms, 4=severe symptoms. Total scores range from 0-36. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 2	Visit 3	Visit 4	Visit 5	Visit 6	Visit 7	Visit 8
Placebo	18.2	12.8	10.7	10.7	9.7	9.6	8.7	9.3
Rexulti	17.6	10.9	7.9	8.0	7.0	6.6	6.0	5.8

Subjects will complete the SDS at all visits. The change in scores from baseline to study completion will be assessed. The scale itself assesses the level of disability from borderline personality disorder (or target disorder) with higher scores indicating a more debilitating disorder. Scores range from 0-30. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

Symptom Checklist-90 Revised

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 2	Visit 3	Visit 4	Visit 5	Visit 6	Visit 7	Visit 8
Placebo	17.3	13.3	11.5	12.4	11.7	11.2	12.0	12.7
Rexulti	15.8	10.7	7.8	7.8	7.0	7.9	6.9	7.7

An instrument that helps evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder psychopathology. This will be assessed at baseline and visit 8.The 115 items are rated by using a 5-step Likert scale (0=not at all, 4=very strong) and provide a global picture of borderline psychopathology. Global scores of borderline psychopathology are calculated by summing 12 items and range from 0-48. Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline, Visit 8 (Week 12)

Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Visit 1	Visit 8
Placebo	26.17	20.25
Rexulti	25.42	14.21

A clinician-administered scale assessing Borderline Personality Scale severity at all study visits. Scores range from 0-36. Higher scores represent worse Borderline Personality Disorder severity, and lower scores represent milder Borderline Personality Disorder severity. (NCT03418675)
Timeframe: Baseline (Visit 1), Week 1 (Visit 2), Week 2 (Visit 3), Week 4 (Visit 4), Week 6 (Visit 5), Week 8 (Visit 6), Week 10 (Visit 7), Week 12 (Visit 8)

Article	Year
Alcoholism and suicidal behavior: a clinical overview. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2006, Volume: 113, Issue:1 Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Anxiety; Comorbidity;	2006
Objective post-mortem diagnosis of chronic alcohol abuse--a review of studies on new markers. Legal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2008, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Bone Marrow; Brain; Esters; Fatty Acids; Forensic Toxicology	2008
Hypothesized neurochemical models for psychiatric syndromes in alcohol and drug dependence. Journal of addictive diseases, 1993, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Alcoholism; Brain Diseases; Cocaine; Comorbidity; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Dopamine; Dopamine A	1993
Impulse control disorders. International clinical psychopharmacology, 1993, Volume: 8 Suppl 1 Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders; Frontal Lobe; Humans; Hy	1993
Serotonin, violent behavior and alcohol. EXS, 1994, Volume: 71 Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Animals; Biomarkers; Finland; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleaceti	1994
Biochemical markers for the effects of ethanol. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1993, Volume: 2 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Animals; Biomarkers; Ethanol; Genetic Markers;	1993
Low brain serotonin turnover rate (low CSF 5-HIAA) and impulsive violence. Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 1995, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Circadian Rhythm; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Ris	1995
The use of 5-hydroxytryptophol as an alcohol intake marker. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1994, Volume: 2 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ethanol; Ga	1994
A nonhuman primate model of excessive alcohol intake. Personality and neurobiological parallels of type I- and type II-like alcoholism. Recent developments in alcoholism : an official publication of the American Medical Society on Alcoholism, the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on Alcoholism, 1997, Volume: 13 Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans;	1997
[Serotonin metabolism in the framework of aggression and violence]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 1992, Volume: 108, Issue:3 Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Brain; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Impulsive Behavior; Male; S	1992
Biologic correlates of suicidal risk and aggressive behavioral traits. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 1992, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Suppl Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Brain; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Impulsive Beha	1992
Aggression, suicidality, and serotonin. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 53 Suppl Topics: Age Factors; Aggression; Alcoholism; Circadian Rhythm; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Hydroxyindoleace	1992
Suicide and psychiatric patients. The Psychiatric clinics of North America, 1985, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Alcoholism; Blood Platelets; Emergency Services, Psychiatric;	1985
Suicide: a review of new directions in research. Hospital & community psychiatry, 1986, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Black or African American; Black People; Delusions; Depressive	1986
Alcoholism and suicide. Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 1986,Summer, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Depressive Disorder; Female; Glucose; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hyd	1986
Neurotransmitters and alcoholism: methodological issues. Advances in alcohol & substance abuse, 1988, Volume: 7, Issue:3-4 Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Norepinephrine; Serotonin	1988

Article	Year
Effects of clonidine on central and peripheral catecholamine metabolism. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1984, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Alcoholism; Blood Pressure; Clonidine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Ma	1984
Changes in serotonin metabolism during treatment with the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors disulfiram and cyanamide. Pharmacology & toxicology, 1995, Volume: 77, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Cyanamide; Disulfiram; Ethanol;	1995
Buspirone treatment of alcoholism: age of onset, and cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and homovanillic acid concentrations, but not medication treatment, predict return to drinking. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1999, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Buspirone; Double-Blind Method; Homovanillic A	1999

Article	Year
Chronic voluntary ethanol intake hypersensitizes 5-HT(1A) autoreceptors in C57BL/6J mice. Journal of neurochemistry, 2008, Volume: 107, Issue:6 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Action Potentials; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bod	2008
Neuro-inflammation induced in the hippocampus of 'binge drinking' rats may be mediated by elevated extracellular glutamate content. Journal of neurochemistry, 2009, Volume: 111, Issue:5 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Conditioning,	2009
Platelet monoamine oxidase activity predicts alcohol sensitivity and voluntary alcohol intake in rhesus monkeys. Upsala journal of medical sciences, 2010, Volume: 115, Issue:1 Topics: Aggression; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Ethanol; Female; Hydroxyindolea	2010
Cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA in attempted suicide. Journal of affective disorders, 2010, Volume: 125, Issue:1-3 Topics: Adjustment Disorders; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alcoholism; Anxiety Disorders; Bipolar D	2010
Serotonergic function, substance craving, and psychopathology in detoxified alcohol-addicted males undergoing tryptophan depletion. Journal of psychiatric research, 2010, Volume: 44, Issue:16 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Anxiety; Biogenic Monoamines; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Inac	2010
Relationship between cortisol and serotonin metabolites and transporters in alcoholism [correction of alcolholism]. Pharmacopsychiatry, 2002, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Alcoholism; Carrier Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone;	2002
Laboratory tests for acute alcohol consumption: results of the WHO/ISBRA Study on State and Trait Markers of Alcohol Use and Dependence. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2002, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Ethanol	2002
Lower CSF homovanillic acid levels in depressed patients with a history of alcoholism. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2003, Volume: 28, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Case-Control Studies; Chi-Square Distribution; Chromatography, High Pressure Liqu	2003
Urinary excretion of 5-HIAA in chronic alcoholism. JAMA, 1962, Nov-03, Volume: 182 Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Indoleacetic Acids	1962
[HUMORAL FACTORS IN THE ETIOLOGY OF DEPRESSION FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH RAUWOLFIA ALKALOIDS AND IN ALCOHOLICS]. Ceskoslovenska psychiatrie, 1964, Volume: 60 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Antineoplast	1964
CSF monoamine metabolites and lethality of suicide attempts in depressed patients with alcohol dependence. European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Biogenic Monoamines; Depression; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindole	2007
A functional polymorphism in the MAOA gene promoter (MAOA-LPR) predicts central dopamine function and body mass index. Molecular psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 11, Issue:9 Topics: Alcoholism; Body Mass Index; Crime; Dopamine; Finland; Genotype; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyi	2006
Energy substrate metabolism among habitually violent alcoholic offenders having antisocial personality disorder. Psychiatry research, 2007, Apr-15, Volume: 150, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Calorimetry; Carbohydrates; Cholesterol; Diagnos	2007
Problem drinking in relation to treatment outcome among opiate addicts in methadone maintenance treatment. Drug and alcohol review, 2007, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Comorbidity; Cyanamide; Disulfiram; Female; Follow-Up Studies	2007
Dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (shell) of two lines of rats selectively bred to prefer or avoid ethanol. European journal of pharmacology, 2007, Nov-14, Volume: 573, Issue:1-3 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Breed	2007
Occurrence of trace indoles in mammals. Substance and alcohol actions/misuse, 1984, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: Acetaldehyde; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Carbolines; Formaldehyde; Humans;	1984
Sleep variables, cyclic AMP and biogenic amine metabolites after one day of ethanol ingestion. Journal of studies on alcohol, 1980, Volume: 41, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Cyclic AMP; Ethanol; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleac	1980
Monoamine metabolism in rat brain regions following long term alcohol treatment. Journal of neural transmission, 1980, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine;	1980
Biogenic amines in human brain in normal aging, senile dementia, and chronic alcoholism. Advances in biochemical psychopharmacology, 1980, Volume: 23 Topics: 5-Methoxytryptamine; Adult; Aged; Aging; Alcoholism; Brain; Dementia; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; H	1980
[Cerebrospinal fluid monamine metabolites and cyclic nucleotides during alcoholic withdrawal syndrome]. Seishin shinkeigaku zasshi = Psychiatria et neurologia Japonica, 1980, Volume: 82, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Brain; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleac	1980
Monoamine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid of depressive subgroups. Psychiatry research, 1980, Volume: 2, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Female; Glycols; Homovanillic Acid; Humans	1980
Concentration of serotonin metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid from alcoholics before and during disulfiram therapy. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1980, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Alcoholism; Disulfiram; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hydroxytryptophol; Male; Serotonin	1980
Factors influencing monoamine metabolites and tryptophan in patients with alcohol dependence. Journal of neural transmission, 1981, Volume: 50, Issue:2-4 Topics: Alcoholism; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kinetics; Phenylacetates; R	1981
Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid as an index of central serotonergic processes. Psychiatry research, 1981, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Brain; Depressive Disorder; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic A	1981
The influence of age, height, and body weight on cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites and tryptophan in women. Biological psychiatry, 1981, Volume: 16, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Body Height; Body Weight; Depressive Disorder; Female; Homovanillic	1981
[Measuring monoamine metabolites and tryptophan levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of alcohol-dependent patients]. Orvosi hetilap, 1981, Oct-04, Volume: 122, Issue:40 Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Amines; Body Height; Body Weight; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid;	1981
Regional brain levels of monoamines in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring lines of rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1982, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male	1982
Suicide. American family physician, 1982, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Risk; Serotonin; Suicide; Suicide	1982
Biochemical and psychopathological predictors of suicidality. Bibliotheca psychiatrica, 1982, Volume: 162 Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Depressive Disorder; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Monoamine Oxidase; Recepto	1982
Relationship between cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites, neuroendocrine findings and personality dimensions (Marke-Nyman scale factors) in psychiatric patients. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1983, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans;	1983
Amine metabolites and neuroendocrine responses related to depression and suicide. Journal of affective disorders, 1983, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Alcoholism; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydro	1983
The effect of dexamethasone on cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites and cortisol in psychiatric patients. Pharmacopsychiatria, 1983, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; Female; Homovanillic	1983
Cerebrospinal fluid biochemical examinations: do they reflect clinical or biological differences? Biological psychiatry, 1983, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Calcium; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; Female; Homo	1983
The effect of alcoholism on salsolinol and biogenic amines in human brain. Drug and alcohol dependence, 1983, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Alcoholism; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyind	1983
Monoamine and metabolite levels in CNS regions of the P line of alcohol-preferring rats after acute and chronic ethanol treatment. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1983, Volume: 19, Issue:5 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Choice	1983
The effect of long-term ethanol maternal ingestion and withdrawal on brain regional monoamine and amino acid precursors in 15-day-old rats. General pharmacology, 1984, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Female; Humans;	1984
5-hydroxytryptophol in human cerebrospinal fluid: conjugation, concentration gradient, relationship to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and influence of hereditary factors. Journal of neurochemistry, 1984, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Depression; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hy	1984
Mapping of the serotonin 5-HT1D beta autoreceptor gene on chromosome 6 and direct analysis for sequence variants. American journal of medical genetics, 1995, Apr-24, Volume: 60, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Base Sequence; Brain; Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; DNA Primers; Genet	1995
Personality profiles and state aggressiveness in Finnish alcoholic, violent offenders, fire setters, and healthy volunteers. Archives of general psychiatry, 1994, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Aggression; Alcoholism; Aspartame; Finland; Firesetting Behavior; Forensic Psyc	1994
CSF biochemistries, glucose metabolism, and diurnal activity rhythms in alcoholic, violent offenders, fire setters, and healthy volunteers. Archives of general psychiatry, 1994, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Alcoholism; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Circadian Rhythm; D	1994
Suicidality and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration associated with a tryptophan hydroxylase polymorphism. Archives of general psychiatry, 1994, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorde	1994
Simultaneous analysis of homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol and vanilmandelic acid in plasma from alcoholics by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Critical comparison Journal of chromatography, 1993, Dec-22, Volume: 622, Issue:2 Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Biogenic Monoamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid;	1993
Circadian variations in plasma monoamine metabolites level in alcoholic patients: a possible predictor of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 1994, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Biogenic Monoamines; Circadian	1994
Concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone, norepinephrine, MHPG, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and tryptophan in the cerebrospinal fluid of alcoholic patients: serial sampling studies. Neuroendocrinology, 1994, Volume: 60, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Alcoholism; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortis	1994
The urinary excretion of tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in the chronic ethanol-fed rat. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diet; Ethanol; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid;	1993
Circadian variation in plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid level during and after alcohol withdrawal: phase advances in alcoholic patients compared with normal subjects. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1993, Volume: 87, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Circadian Rhythm; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid;	1993
Detection of relapses in alcohol-dependent patients: comparison of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in serum, 5-hydroxytryptophol in urine, and self-reports. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1993, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Creatinine; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hydroxytryptophol; Male	1993
Laboratory testing for recent alcohol consumption: comparison of ethanol, methanol, and 5-hydroxytryptophol. Clinical chemistry, 1996, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Breath Tests; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid	1996
Early-onset alcoholics have lower cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels than late-onset alcoholics. Archives of general psychiatry, 1996, Volume: 53, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Comorbidity; Family; Female; Homovanillic Acid; H	1996
A prospective follow-up study of alcoholic violent offenders and fire setters. Archives of general psychiatry, 1996, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Cholesterol; Comorbidity; Criminal Law; Family; Finland; Firesetting Behavior; Fo	1996
A nonhuman primate model of type II excessive alcohol consumption? Part 1. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations and diminished social competence correlate with excessive alcohol consumption. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1996, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Affect; Age Factors; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Arousal; Disease Models, Animal;	1996
A nonhuman primate model of type II alcoholism? Part 2. Diminished social competence and excessive aggression correlates with low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1996, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aggression; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Antisocial Personality Disord	1996
Sub-populations of alcohol-dependent patients: differences in psychological functioning between high- and low-frequency alcohol consumers. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 1996, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Alcoholism; Depression; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hydroxyt	1996
Prevalence of high serotonin uptake in lymphocytes of abstinent alcoholics. Biochemical pharmacology, 1997, Jan-10, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholics Anonymous; Alcoholism; Carrier Proteins; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid;	1997
Monitoring relapse drinking during disulfiram therapy by assay of urinary 5-hydroxytryptophol. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1998, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Disulfiram; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	1998
In vivo association between alcohol intoxication, aggression, and serotonin transporter availability in nonhuman primates. The American journal of psychiatry, 1998, Volume: 155, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aggression; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Stem;	1998
Essential fatty acids predict metabolites of serotonin and dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid among healthy control subjects, and early- and late-onset alcoholics. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Aug-15, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Stud	1998
Essential fatty acids predict metabolites of serotonin and dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid among healthy control subjects, and early- and late-onset alcoholics. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Aug-15, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Stud	1998
Essential fatty acids predict metabolites of serotonin and dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid among healthy control subjects, and early- and late-onset alcoholics. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Aug-15, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Stud	1998
Essential fatty acids predict metabolites of serotonin and dopamine in cerebrospinal fluid among healthy control subjects, and early- and late-onset alcoholics. Biological psychiatry, 1998, Aug-15, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Stud	1998
The urinary ratio of 5-hydroxytryptophol to 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in surgical patients with chronic alcohol misuse. Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 1999, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Digestive System Neoplasms; Erythrocyte Indices; Ethanol; Human	1999
Effects of acute tryptophan depletion on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in normal volunteers. Journal of neurochemistry, 1999, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Diet; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Ac	1999
Technique for producing an alcohol withdrawal syndrome in rats. Israel journal of medical sciences, 1973, Volume: 9 Suppl Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Butanols; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Heart Rate;	1973
CSF monoamine metabolite and beta endorphin levels in recently detoxified alcoholics and healthy controls: prediction of alcohol cue-induced craving? Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1999, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior, Addictive; Biogenic Monoamines; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Ethan	1999
HTR2C Cys23Ser polymorphism in relation to CSF monoamine metabolite concentrations and DSM-III-R psychiatric diagnoses. Biological psychiatry, 1999, Sep-15, Volume: 46, Issue:6 Topics: Alcoholism; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Dopamine; Genes; Genotype; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydrox	1999
Serotonin, testosterone and alcohol in the etiology of domestic violence. Psychiatry research, 2001, Oct-10, Volume: 104, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aggression; Alcoholism; Conditioning, Classical; Fear; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male	2001
Neurochemical correlates of ethanol withdrawal: alterations in serotoninergic function. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1977, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Stem; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice	1977
Alcohol, sleep and cerebrospinal fluid changes in alcoholics: cyclic AMP and biogenic amine metabolites in CSF. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1977, Volume: 85A Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Biogenic Amines; Cyclic AMP; Ethanol; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleace	1977
Changes in the metabolism of biogenic amines in alcoholism--especially regarding CSF monoamine metabolites and serum DBH activity. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1979, Volume: 3, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Biogenic Amines; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Huma	1979
Naloxone (Narcan) treatment in depression: clinical observations and effects on CSF endorphins and monoamine metabolites. Psychopharmacology, 1977, Aug-31, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Biogenic Amines; Depression; Endorphins; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydro	1977
Alcohol and central serotonin metabolism in man. Archives of general psychiatry, 1979, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Brain; Dopamine; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Middl	1979
Measures of physical dependence and involvement of serotonin in withdrawal symptomatology. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1977, Volume: 85A Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Chemistry; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Mice; Mice	1977
Urinary metabolites of tryptophan, serotonin and norepinephrine in alcoholics. Journal of studies on alcohol, 1978, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; M	1978
Differential changes of blood and urinary indoleamines following intravenous ethanol administration in alcoholic and non-drinker women. Journal of neural transmission, 1978, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hydroxytryptophol; Indoles; Mi	1978
[Variations of CSF levels of 5-HIAA in chronic alcoholism]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1976, Dec-30, Volume: 52, Issue:24 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Brain; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Middle Aged; Serotonin	1976
D2 dopamine receptor genotype and cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in alcoholics in Finland and the United States. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1992, Volume: 86, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Alleles; Ethnicity; Finland; Genotype; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleac	1992
Psychobiology of violent behavior. Clinical neuropharmacology, 1992, Volume: 15 Suppl 1 Pt A Topics: Alcoholism; Behavior; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Impulsive Behavior; Models, Psychological; V	1992
Ethanol enhances the release of dopamine and serotonin in the nucleus accumbens of HAD and LAD lines of rats. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1992, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcoholism; Animals; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eth	1992
Biological markers of alcoholism. Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine, 1992, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adenylyl Cyclases; Alcoholism; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Biomarkers; Blood Volume; Humans; Hydroxyindo	1992
Cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in alcoholic patients who attempt suicide. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1990, Volume: 81, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Biogenic Monoamines; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Methoxy	1990
Clinical characteristics of female alcoholics with low platelet monoamine oxidase activity. Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 1990, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Blood Platelets; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Middle Aged; Monoamine	1990
A cerebrospinal fluid study of the pathophysiology of panic disorder associated with alcoholism. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1990, Volume: 82, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Anxiety Disorders; beta-Endorphin; Diazepam Binding Inhibitor; Fear; Homovanillic	1990
Cerebrospinal fluid thyrotropin-releasing hormone concentrations in alcoholics and normal controls. Biological psychiatry, 1990, Nov-01, Volume: 28, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Hypothalamo-Hypoph	1990
Personality and cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites in alcoholics and controls. Archives of general psychiatry, 1991, Volume: 48, Issue:5 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Adult; Aggression; Alcoholism; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyind	1991
Temporal studies of the inhibition of voluntary ethanol intake in the rat induced by intermittent ethanol treatment and some long term neurochemical consequences. Drug and alcohol dependence, 1991, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Dopamin	1991
[Hormonal changes and biologically active substances in alcoholic women in the reproductive age]. Akusherstvo i ginekologiia, 1991, Issue:10 Topics: Acetylcholine; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Alcoholism; Aldosterone; Female; Gonadal Steroid Horm	1991
Cerebrospinal fluid variables among alcoholics lack seasonal variation. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1991, Volume: 84, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Methoxyhydroxy	1991
Serotonin and dopamine systems regulating alcohol intake. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). Supplement, 1991, Volume: 1 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Dopamine; Ethanol; Frontal Lobe; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Li	1991
Dementias, psychological tests, and neurotransmitters. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 1985, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Alcoholism; Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Homovanillic Acid; H	1985
Indices of serotonin and glucose metabolism in violent offenders, arsonists, and alcoholics. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1986, Volume: 487 Topics: Alcoholism; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Blood Glucose; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct	1986
Biochemical aspects of aggression in man. Clinical neuropharmacology, 1986, Volume: 9 Suppl 4 Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Impul	1986
Contents of monoamines in forebrain regions of alcohol-preferring (P) and -nonpreferring (NP) lines of rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1987, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Cereb	1987
Reduced central serotonin turnover in a subgroup of alcoholics? Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 1987, Volume: 11, Issue:2-3 Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Blood Glucose; Brain; Firesetting Behavior; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid	1987
Serotonergic activity and disinhibitory psychopathy in alcoholism. Medical hypotheses, 1987, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Brain; Humans; Hydroxyindolea	1987
Relationship of psychobiological variables to recidivism in violent offenders and impulsive fire setters. A follow-up study. Archives of general psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 46, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Blood Glucose; Criminal Psychology; Depressive Disorder; Disruptive, Impulse Cont	1989
Family history of alcoholism in violent offenders and impulsive fire setters. Archives of general psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 46, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Criminal Psychology; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders; Fathers;	1989
CSF studies on alcoholism and related behaviours. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 13, Issue:3-4 Topics: Alcoholism; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Gambling; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Personality	1989
Liver tryptophan pyrrolase. A major determinant of the lower brain 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration in alcohol-preferring C57BL mice. The Biochemical journal, 1989, Dec-01, Volume: 264, Issue:2 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Homeostasis; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Liver; Ma	1989
Homicide, suicide and CSF 5-HIAA. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 1985, Volume: 71, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aggression; Alcoholism; Homicide; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male;	1985
Alcohol addiction: a biochemical approach. Lancet (London, England), 1972, Jul-01, Volume: 2, Issue:7766 Topics: Acetaldehyde; Alcoholism; Alkaloids; Amines; Biogenic Amines; Ethanol; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic A	1972
5-hydroxyindole compounds in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychiatric or neurological diseases. Lancet (London, England), 1966, Nov-12, Volume: 2, Issue:7472 Topics: Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Central Nervous System Diseases; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Imi	1966
Renal function, renin activity and endogenous vasoactive substances in cirrhosis. The American journal of digestive diseases, 1970, Volume: 15, Issue:5 Topics: Alcoholism; Angiotensin II; Ascites; Catecholamines; Dopamine; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; H	1970
CSF monoamine metabolites in alcoholism: a comparative study with depression. Folia psychiatrica et neurologica japonica, 1974, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Depression; Female; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Ma	1974
Regional distribution of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine in rat strains selected for their alcohol intake. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1973, Apr-30, Volume: 215 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Huma	1973
5-Hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindolylacetic acid content in brain of rat strains selected for their alcohol intake. Physiology & behavior, 1972, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Ani	1972
Relationship of dietary tryptophan and niacin to tryptophan metabolism in alcoholics and nonalcoholics. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 1974, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Acetates; Alcoholism; Aminohippuric Acids; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacet	1974
[The relationship of the metabolism of biogenic amines to affective pathology in chronic alcoholism]. Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1969, Volume: 69, Issue:6 Topics: Affective Symptoms; Alcoholism; Catecholamines; Chronic Disease; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; E	1969

hydroxyindoleacetic acid and Alcohol Abuse