hydroxychloroquine and Disease Exacerbation studies

Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970)
hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"In the Treatment of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (TEAR) trial, 755 participants with early, poor-prognosis RA were randomized to receive MTX monotherapy or combination therapy (MTX plus etanercept or MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine)."	9.17	Validation of the methotrexate-first strategy in patients with early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-year randomized, double-blind trial. ( Bridges, SL; Cofield, SS; Curtis, JR; Mikuls, TR; Moreland, LW; O'Dell, JR; Ranganath, VK, 2013)
"To develop a population model describing the disease activity (DAS28) time course in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with triple disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy (methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine)."	7.81	A population model of early rheumatoid arthritis disease activity during treatment with methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine. ( Foster, DJ; Proudman, SM; Upton, RN; Wiese, MD; Wojciechowski, J, 2015)
"To assess whether hydroxychloroquine can delay renal damage development in lupus nephritis patients."	7.75	Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis: LXV, data from a multiethnic US cohort. ( Alarcón, GS; Bastian, HM; Danila, MI; McGwin, G; Pons-Estel, GJ; Reveille, JD; Vilá, LM; Zhang, J, 2009)
"A 30-year-old pregnant woman with systemic lupus erythematosus at 16 + 5 gestational weeks was referred to National Center for Child Health and Development for persistent proteinuria and alopecia."	5.91	Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Kaneko, K; Murashima, A; Sago, H; Tanaka, R; Tsurane, K; Yoshida, K, 2023)
"The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, the most common serious clinical manifestation of the coronavirus infection being pneumonia."	5.72	EFFECTS OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE PLUS FAVIPIRAVIR TREATMENT ON THE CLINICAL COURSE AND BIOMARKERS IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA. ( Berber, N; Cagasar, O; Delen, LA; Derya, S; Gok, A; Gok, Z; Kasapoglu, US; Tetik, B, 2022)
"To assess the incidence and severity of disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-induced adverse effects (AE) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking/not taking glucocorticoids (GC)."	5.35	Low-dose prednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis: adverse effects of various disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. ( Arnold, S; Baerwald, CG; Häntzschel, H; Malysheva, OA; Pierer, M; Wagner, U; Wahle, M, 2008)
"610 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA 2010 criteria) or undifferentiated arthritis (UA) started treatment with methotrexate (MTX) and a tapered high dose of prednisone."	5.19	A two-step treatment strategy trial in patients with early arthritis aimed at achieving remission: the IMPROVED study. ( Allaart, CF; Bijkerk, C; de Buck, MP; de Sonnaville, PB; Goekoop, RJ; Grillet, BA; Harbers, JB; Heimans, L; Huizinga, TW; Speyer, I; van Oosterhout, M; Visser, K; Wevers-de Boer, KV, 2014)
"To compare 1-year clinical efficacy of (1) initial triple disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy (iTDT) with initial methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy (iMM) and (2) different glucocorticoid (GC) bridging therapies: oral versus a single intramuscular injection in early rheumatoid arthritis."	5.19	Randomised comparison of initial triple DMARD therapy with methotrexate monotherapy in combination with low-dose glucocorticoid bridging therapy; 1-year data of the tREACH trial. ( de Jong, PH; de Sonnaville, PB; Gerards, AH; Han, HK; Hazes, JM; Huisman, M; Luime, JJ; van der Lubbe, PA; van Krugten, MV; van Schaeybroeck, B; van Zeben, D; Weel, AE, 2014)
"In the Treatment of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (TEAR) trial, 755 participants with early, poor-prognosis RA were randomized to receive MTX monotherapy or combination therapy (MTX plus etanercept or MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine)."	5.17	Validation of the methotrexate-first strategy in patients with early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-year randomized, double-blind trial. ( Bridges, SL; Cofield, SS; Curtis, JR; Mikuls, TR; Moreland, LW; O'Dell, JR; Ranganath, VK, 2013)
"Early treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with combination treatment starting with methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and prednisolone (FIN-RACo strategy) is superior to monotherapy."	5.17	Infliximab for 6 months added on combination therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year results from an investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (the NEO-RACo Study). ( Blåfield, H; Hannonen, PJ; Ilva, K; Julkunen, HA; Kaipiainen-Seppänen, O; Karjalainen, A; Kauppi, MJ; Kautiainen, H; Korpela, M; Laasonen, L; Leirisalo-Repo, M; Luosujärvi, R; Luukkainen, R; Moilanen, E; Möttönen, T; Paimela, L; Puolakka, K; Uutela, T, 2013)
"Recurrences of COVID-19 were observed in a patient with long-term usage of hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, and glucocorticoids due to her 30-year history of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)."	5.05	A complex COVID-19 case with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab. ( Cai, S; Dong, L; Li, M; Sun, W, 2020)
" Hydroxychloroquine and other ordinary antirheumatic drugs slow down or may even prevent the progression of palindromic rheumatism into chronic rheumatoid arthritis."	4.90	[Palindromic rheumatism or incipient rheumatoid arthritis--chances of drug therapy]. ( Julkunen, H, 2014)
"The use of Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) during pregnancy has remained controversial for a long time."	4.82	[Pleading to maintain hydroxychloroquine throughout Lupus pregnancies]. ( Amoura, Z; Costedoat-Chalumeau, N; Le Thi Huong, D; Piette, JC; Wechsler, B, 2005)
"These findings strongly suggested that anti-inflammatory therapies and hydroxychloroquine provide a new possible strategy for treating SLE patients with atherosclerosis."	3.96	Systemic lupus erythematosus aggravates atherosclerosis by promoting IgG deposition and inflammatory cell imbalance. ( Duan, XW; Liu, T; Niu, H; Shi, N; Silverman, GJ; Zhang, S, 2020)
"To develop a population model describing the disease activity (DAS28) time course in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with triple disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy (methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine)."	3.81	A population model of early rheumatoid arthritis disease activity during treatment with methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine. ( Foster, DJ; Proudman, SM; Upton, RN; Wiese, MD; Wojciechowski, J, 2015)
"To assess whether hydroxychloroquine can delay renal damage development in lupus nephritis patients."	3.75	Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis: LXV, data from a multiethnic US cohort. ( Alarcón, GS; Bastian, HM; Danila, MI; McGwin, G; Pons-Estel, GJ; Reveille, JD; Vilá, LM; Zhang, J, 2009)
"Hydroxychloroquine is a treatment for lupus that is widely used based on longstanding experience and a very good safety profile."	2.87	Study of Anti-Malarials in Incomplete Lupus Erythematosus (SMILE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. ( Arriens, C; Chinchilli, VM; Chong, BF; Ishimori, ML; James, JA; Kamen, DL; Karp, DR; Liao, D; Olsen, NJ; Wallace, DJ, 2018)
"Early treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been shown to retard the development of joint damage for a period of up to 5 years."	2.75	Early combination disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and tight disease control improve long-term radiologic outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: the 11-year results of the Finnish Rheumatoid Arthritis Combination Therapy trial. ( Blåfield, H; Hannonen, P; Järvenpää, S; Karjalainen, A; Kautiainen, H; Korpela, M; Laasonen, L; Leirisalo-Repo, M; Möttönen, T; Puolakka, K; Rantalaiho, V, 2010)
"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been implicated in antiviral activity in vitro against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)."	2.72	Hydroxychloroquine use and progression or prognosis of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Han, X; He, M; Li, Y; Shi, J; Zang, Y, 2021)
"This can be independent from coronavirus disease 2019 gravity."	2.66	Macrophage activation syndrome as an unusual presentation of paucisymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A case report. ( Calmy, A; Coen, M; Lolachi, S; Morin, S; Samii, K; Serratrice, J, 2020)
" These studies provide a compelling case for a re-evaluation of the long-term use of glucocorticoids in SLE, focusing on minimizing glucocorticoid exposure as part of the strategy to improve long-term outcomes."	2.55	It hasn't gone away: the problem of glucocorticoid use in lupus remains. ( Apostolopoulos, D; Morand, EF, 2017)
"Treatment of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) who have active disease refractory to current therapeutic strategies continues to be a real challenge."	2.47	The importance of assessing medication exposure to the definition of refractory disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Amoura, Z; Arnaud, L; Costedoat-Chalumeau, N; Zahr, N, 2011)
"A 30-year-old pregnant woman with systemic lupus erythematosus at 16 + 5 gestational weeks was referred to National Center for Child Health and Development for persistent proteinuria and alopecia."	1.91	Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Kaneko, K; Murashima, A; Sago, H; Tanaka, R; Tsurane, K; Yoshida, K, 2023)
"The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, the most common serious clinical manifestation of the coronavirus infection being pneumonia."	1.72	EFFECTS OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE PLUS FAVIPIRAVIR TREATMENT ON THE CLINICAL COURSE AND BIOMARKERS IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA. ( Berber, N; Cagasar, O; Delen, LA; Derya, S; Gok, A; Gok, Z; Kasapoglu, US; Tetik, B, 2022)
"Disease progression was observed in 18 patients (16."	1.62	Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with COVID-19 at Thailand's university-based referral hospital. ( Angkasekwinai, N; Assanasen, S; Chayakulkeeree, M; Chierakul, N; Horthongkham, N; Jitmuang, A; Kantakamalakul, W; Koomanachai, P; Ratanarat, R; Rattanaumpawan, P; Rongrungruang, Y; Sirijatuphat, R; Suputtamongkol, Y; Wangchinda, W, 2021)
"The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infection that has received much attention due to its rapid expansion."	1.62	COVID-19 progression in kidney transplant recipients: a single-center case series. ( Keykhaei, M; Mansouri, ES; Rahimzadeh, H; Razeghi, E; Zivari, E, 2021)
"Hydroxychloroquine use was significantly associated with increased risks of ICU admission and intubation in patients with mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of COVID-19."	1.62	Impact of hydroxychloroquine on disease progression and ICU admissions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. ( Awad, N; Chak, A; Fulman, M; Schiller, DS, 2021)
"Disease activity (per Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)), SLE exacerbations, emergency room visits, hospitalisations, disease damage (per Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index), corticosteroids exposure, prednisone dose and immunosuppressive drugs exposure were determined before and after HCQ dose change."	1.56	Clinical impact of hydroxychloroquine dose adjustment according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology guidelines in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Arroyo-Ávila, M; González-Sepúlveda, L; Medina-Cintrón, N; Vázquez-Otero, I; Vilá, LM, 2020)
"New markers of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity are under investigation."	1.56	Differential approach to peripheral blood cell ratios in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and various manifestations. ( Górak, A; Majdan, M; Suszek, D, 2020)
"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been largely used and investigated as therapy for COVID-19 across various settings at a total dose usually ranging from 2400 mg to 9600 mg."	1.56	Low-dose hydroxychloroquine therapy and mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a nationwide observational study of 8075 participants. ( Bottieau, E; Catteau, L; Dauby, N; Duysburgh, E; Goetghebeur, E; Hautekiet, J; Montourcy, M; Van Beckhoven, D; van Ierssel, S; Van Oyen, H; Wyndham-Thomas, C, 2020)
"The transition from first symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is highly likely to be due to uncontrolled cytokine release."	1.56	COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. ( Dai, SM; Tong, Q; Zhou, D, 2020)
"At the last documented visit post-ESRD, 42/59 (71%) patients had one or more clinical or serological markers of lupus activity; only 17/59 (29%) patients achieved clinical and serological remission."	1.56	Systemic lupus Erythematosus activity and Hydroxychloroquine use before and after end-stage renal disease. ( Broder, A; Dobrowolski, C; Goilav, B; Londono Jimenez, A; Mowrey, WB; Salgado Guerrero, M; Wang, S, 2020)
"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a recommended drug in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)."	1.48	Hydroxycloroquine blood concentration in lupus nephritis: a determinant of disease outcome? ( Alexander, S; Ashby, D; Cairns, TD; Chusney, G; Cunha, C; Lee, J; Lightstone, L, 2018)
"One objective in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity is to reduce long-term rates of organ damage."	1.48	Comparison of Remission and Lupus Low Disease Activity State in Damage Prevention in a United States Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cohort. ( Magder, LS; Petri, M, 2018)
"9 years (age range, 25-74 years) developed retinal toxic effects after using hydroxychloroquine for a mean of 10."	1.39	Progression of hydroxychloroquine toxic effects after drug therapy cessation: new evidence from multimodal imaging. ( Brenner, M; Bryar, PJ; Fawzi, AA; Jampol, LM; Mititelu, M; Wong, BJ, 2013)
"She also had developed anasarca two years prior to presentation."	1.39	Systemic lupus erythematosus and granulomatous lymphadenopathy. ( Dhakal, AK; Shah, SC; Shakya, A; Shakya, H; Shiva, RK; Shrestha, D, 2013)
"The progression from DLE to systemic lupus erythematosus has been reported in up to 28% of patients."	1.39	Pulmonary hemorrhage in a patient initially presenting with discoid lupus. ( Jiménez-Encarnación, E; Vilá, S; Vilá-Rivera, K, 2013)
" In patients in whom the daily dosage of hydroxychloroquine could be estimated (12 of 13), when using actual body weight, 8 were taking 6."	1.37	Retinal toxicity associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: risk factors, screening, and progression despite cessation of therapy. ( Francis, PJ; Michaelides, M; Stover, NB; Weleber, RG, 2011)
"In addition, she had a central scotoma (RE > LE) on automated visual field analysis (Humphrey central 30 degrees )."	1.36	Normalization of generalized retinal function and progression of maculopathy after cessation of therapy in a case of severe hydroxychloroquine retinopathy with 19 years follow-up. ( Leroy, BP; Salu, P; Uvijls, A; van den Brande, P, 2010)
"Osseous metaplasia has recently been described in several cases of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, sometimes in association with unusual clinical features such as painful hyperkeratotic spicules, palpable bony masses, and disease regression."	1.36	Osseous metaplasia late in the course of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. ( Bayliss, SJ; Berk, DR; Lu, D; Miller, A; Scarlett, D; Wippold, FJ, 2010)
"To assess the incidence and severity of disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-induced adverse effects (AE) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking/not taking glucocorticoids (GC)."	1.35	Low-dose prednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis: adverse effects of various disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. ( Arnold, S; Baerwald, CG; Häntzschel, H; Malysheva, OA; Pierer, M; Wagner, U; Wahle, M, 2008)
"Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology with multisystem involvement."	1.32	Treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus with mycophenolate mofetil. ( Lindsley, CB; Samad, AS, 2003)

Research

Studies (125)

Authors

Clinical Trials (15)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Participants Who Are Hospitalized for Covid 19 Infection

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	1 (0.80)	18.2507
2000's	21 (16.80)	29.6817
2010's	56 (44.80)	24.3611
2020's	47 (37.60)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Koch, MW	1
Kaur, S	1
Sage, K	1
Kim, J	1
Levesque-Roy, M	1
Cerchiaro, G	1
Yong, VW	1
Cutter, GR	1
Metz, LM	1
Ahmed, AS	1
Alotaibi, WS	1
Aldubayan, MA	1
Alhowail, AH	1
Al-Najjar, AH	1
Chigurupati, S	1
Elgharabawy, RM	1
Tsurane, K	3
Kaneko, K	3
Yoshida, K	3
Tanaka, R	3
Sago, H	3
Murashima, A	3
Delen, LA	1
Gok, A	1
Kasapoglu, US	1
Cagasar, O	1
Gok, Z	1
Berber, N	1
Derya, S	1
Tetik, B	1
Chen, X	1
Yu, Q	1
Liu, Y	2
Sheng, Q	1
Shi, K	1
Wang, Y	1
Li, M	2
Zhang, Z	1
He, Q	1
Gochuico, BR	1
Ziegler, SG	1
Ten, NS	1
Balanda, NJ	1
Mason, CE	1
Zumbo, P	1
Evans, CA	1
Van Waes, C	1
Gahl, WA	1
Malicdan, MCV	1
Babaoglu, H	1
Li, J	2
Goldman, D	1
Magder, LS	2
Petri, M	2
Starace, M	1
Orlando, G	1
Alessandrini, A	1
Baraldi, C	1
Bruni, F	1
Piraccini, BM	1
Liu, T	1
Shi, N	1
Zhang, S	2
Silverman, GJ	1
Duan, XW	1
Niu, H	1
Pedrosa, TN	1
Pasoto, SG	1
Aikawa, NE	1
Yuki, EF	1
Borba, EF	1
Filho, JCF	1
Carricondo, PC	1
Zanetti, CB	1
Conde, PG	1
Duarte, NJ	1
Fontoura, N	1
Romano, P	1
Carvalho, VM	1
Silva, CA	1
Bonfa, E	1
Zhou, D	1
Dai, SM	1
Tong, Q	1
Guidon, AC	1
Amato, AA	1
Aouba, A	1
Baldolli, A	1
Geffray, L	1
Verdon, R	1
Bergot, E	1
Martin-Silva, N	1
Justet, A	1
Gegúndez-Fernández, JA	1
Zarranz-Ventura, J	1
Garay-Aramburu, G	1
Muñoz-Negrete, FJ	1
Mendicute Del Barrio, J	1
Pablo-Júlvez, L	1
García-Delpech, S	1
López-Alemany, A	1
Arnalich-Montiel, F	1
Cordero-Coma, M	1
Cárceles, JA	1
Vicenzi, M	1
Di Cosola, R	1
Ruscica, M	1
Ratti, A	1
Rota, I	1
Rota, F	1
Bollati, V	1
Aliberti, S	1
Blasi, F	1
Baumann, T	1
Delgado, J	1
Montserrat, E	1
Vázquez-Otero, I	1
Medina-Cintrón, N	1
Arroyo-Ávila, M	1
González-Sepúlveda, L	1
Vilá, LM	3
Feeney, E	1
Wallace, D	1
Cotter, A	1
Tinago, W	1
McCarthy, C	1
Keane, D	1
Hussain, R	1
Alvarez Barco, E	1
Doran, P	1
Mallon, P	1
Afshar, H	1
Yassin, Z	1
Kalantari, S	1
Aloosh, O	1
Lotfi, T	1
Moghaddasi, M	1
Sadeghipour, A	1
Emamikhah, M	1
Cai, S	1
Sun, W	1
Dong, L	1
Mehta, SA	1
Leonard, J	1
Labella, P	1
Cartiera, K	1
Soomro, I	1
Neumann, H	1
Montgomery, RA	1
Ali, NM	1
Deane, KD	1
Holers, VM	1
Giovane, RA	1
Rezai, S	1
Cleland, E	1
Henderson, CE	1
Massabeti, R	1
Cipriani, MS	1
Valenti, I	1
Saxena, A	1
McDonald, R	1
Oliva, M	1
Hsu, K	1
Alsamarai, S	1
Chavez, V	1
Ferrara, L	1
Putman, M	1
Chock, YPE	1
Tam, H	1
Kim, AHJ	1
Sattui, SE	1
Berenbaum, F	1
Danila, MI	2
Korsten, P	1
Sanchez-Alvarez, C	1
Sparks, JA	1
Coates, LC	1
Palmerlee, C	1
Peirce, A	1
Jayatilleke, A	1
Johnson, SR	1
Kilian, A	1
Liew, J	1
Prokop, LJ	1
Murad, MH	1
Grainger, R	1
Wallace, ZS	1
Duarte-García, A	1
Choi, NH	1
Silver, ES	1
Fremed, M	1
Liberman, L	1
Lolachi, S	1
Morin, S	1
Coen, M	1
Samii, K	1
Calmy, A	1
Serratrice, J	1
Suszek, D	1
Górak, A	1
Majdan, M	1
Xue, H	1
Luo, P	1
Liu, X	1
Qiu, L	1
Liu, D	1
Sekhavati, E	1
Jafari, F	1
SeyedAlinaghi, S	1
Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, S	1
Sadr, S	1
Tabarestani, M	1
Pirhayati, M	1
Zendehdel, A	1
Manafi, N	1
Hajiabdolbaghi, M	1
Ahmadinejad, Z	1
Kouchak, HE	1
Jafari, S	1
Khalili, H	1
Salehi, M	1
Seifi, A	1
Golestan, FS	1
Ghiasvand, F	1
Catteau, L	1
Dauby, N	1
Montourcy, M	1
Bottieau, E	1
Hautekiet, J	1
Goetghebeur, E	1
van Ierssel, S	1
Duysburgh, E	1
Van Oyen, H	1
Wyndham-Thomas, C	1
Van Beckhoven, D	1
Padilla, S	1
Telenti, G	1
Guillén, L	1
García, JA	1
García-Abellán, J	1
Ding, C	1
Mora, A	1
García-Pachón, E	1
Gutiérrez, F	1
Masiá, M	1
Díaz, E	1
Amézaga Menéndez, R	1
Vidal Cortés, P	1
Escapa, MG	1
Suberviola, B	1
Serrano Lázaro, A	1
Marcos Neira, P	1
Quintana Díaz, M	1
Catalán González, M	1
Zang, Y	1
Han, X	1
He, M	1
Shi, J	1
Li, Y	1
Pelka, K	1
Stec-Polak, M	1
Wojas-Pelc, A	1
Pastuszczak, M	1
Quintana-Ortega, C	1
Remesal, A	1
Ruiz de Valbuena, M	1
de la Serna, O	1
Laplaza-González, M	1
Álvarez-Rojas, E	1
Udaondo, C	1
Alcobendas, R	1
Murias, S	1
Salgado Guerrero, M	1
Londono Jimenez, A	1
Dobrowolski, C	1
Mowrey, WB	1
Goilav, B	1
Wang, S	1
Broder, A	1
Ahn, SJ	1
Seo, EJ	1
Kim, KE	1
Kim, YJ	1
Lee, BR	1
Kim, JG	2
Yoon, YH	2
Lee, JY	2
Xavier, CB	1
Marchetti, KR	1
Castria, TB	1
Jardim, DLF	1
Fernandes, GS	1
Gupta, S	1
Nakabo, S	1
Chu, J	1
Hasni, S	1
Kaplan, MJ	1
Hipolito-Fernandes, D	1
Luís, ME	1
Flores, R	1
Anjos, R	1
Awad, N	1
Schiller, DS	1
Fulman, M	1
Chak, A	1
Fasano, S	2
Coscia, MA	1
Pierro, L	2
Ciccia, F	1
Rahimzadeh, H	1
Keykhaei, M	1
Razeghi, E	1
Zivari, E	1
Mansouri, ES	1
Martelli Júnior, H	1
Marques, NP	1
Marques, NCT	1
Gomes de Lucena, E	1
Martelli, DRB	1
Oliveira, EA	1
Sirijatuphat, R	1
Suputtamongkol, Y	1
Angkasekwinai, N	1
Horthongkham, N	1
Chayakulkeeree, M	1
Rattanaumpawan, P	1
Koomanachai, P	1
Assanasen, S	1
Rongrungruang, Y	1
Chierakul, N	1
Ratanarat, R	1
Jitmuang, A	1
Wangchinda, W	1
Kantakamalakul, W	1
Wabe, N	1
Wojciechowski, J	2
Wechalekar, MD	2
Cleland, LG	2
McWilliams, L	2
Lee, A	1
Proudman, S	1
Wiese, MD	3
Akdemir, G	2
Heimans, L	4
Bergstra, SA	1
Goekoop, RJ	3
van Oosterhout, M	3
van Groenendael, JHLM	1
Peeters, AJ	2
Steup-Beekman, GM	2
Lard, LR	2
de Sonnaville, PBJ	1
Grillet, BAM	1
Huizinga, TWJ	1
Allaart, CF	4
Cunha, C	1
Alexander, S	1
Ashby, D	1
Lee, J	1
Chusney, G	1
Cairns, TD	1
Lightstone, L	1
Dogar, MU	1
Shah, NN	1
Ishtiaq, S	1
Shah, PN	1
Shah, P	1
Mathew, S	1
Vittorio, TJ	1
Filotico, R	1
Mastrandrea, V	1
Merkesdal, S	1
Kirchhoff, T	1
Jablonka, A	1
Schmidt, RE	1
Köhler, L	1
Margiotta, DPE	1
Navarini, L	1
Riccardi, A	1
Afeltra, A	1
Valentini, G	1
Carey, B	1
Adegun, O	1
Hodgson, T	1
Hanaoka, H	1
Iida, H	1
Kiyokawa, T	1
Takakuwa, Y	1
Kawahata, K	1
Pham, BH	1
Marmor, MF	4
Olsen, NJ	1
James, JA	2
Arriens, C	1
Ishimori, ML	1
Wallace, DJ	1
Kamen, DL	1
Chong, BF	1
Liao, D	1
Chinchilli, VM	1
Karp, DR	1
Atzori, L	1
Robustelli Test, E	1
Ferreli, C	1
Pilloni, L	1
Rongioletti, F	1
Liu, LJ	1
Yang, YZ	1
Shi, SF	1
Bao, YF	1
Yang, C	1
Zhu, SN	1
Sui, GL	1
Chen, YQ	1
Lv, JC	1
Zhang, H	1
Rezaei, H	2
Saevarsdottir, S	4
Geborek, P	4
Petersson, IF	3
van Vollenhoven, RF	5
Forslind, K	5
Curtis, JR	2
McVie, T	1
Mikuls, TR	2
Reynolds, RJ	1
Navarro-Millán, I	1
O'Dell, J	1
Moreland, LW	2
Bridges, SL	2
Ranganath, VK	2
Cofield, SS	2
O'Dell, JR	1
Wevers-de Boer, KV	2
Visser, K	2
Harbers, JB	2
Bijkerk, C	2
Speyer, I	1
de Buck, MP	2
de Sonnaville, PB	4
Grillet, BA	2
Huizinga, TW	3
Mititelu, M	1
Wong, BJ	1
Brenner, M	1
Bryar, PJ	1
Jampol, LM	1
Fawzi, AA	1
Buscombe, CP	1
Lin, S	1
Wilson-Holt, NJ	1
Shrestha, D	1
Dhakal, AK	1
Shiva, RK	1
Shakya, A	1
Shah, SC	1
Shakya, H	1
Kälvesten, J	1
Steup-Beekman, M	1
Vilá-Rivera, K	1
Jiménez-Encarnación, E	1
Vilá, S	1
Petersson, I	1
Ernestam, S	2
Albertsson, K	1
de Jong, PH	1
Hazes, JM	1
Han, HK	1
Huisman, M	1
van Zeben, D	1
van der Lubbe, PA	1
Gerards, AH	1
van Schaeybroeck, B	1
van Krugten, MV	1
Luime, JJ	1
Weel, AE	1
Hambardzumyan, K	1
Bolce, R	1
Cruickshank, SE	1
Sasso, EH	1
Chernoff, D	1
Hu, J	1
Lochouarn, M	1
Lagier, JC	1
Raoult, D	1
Pulcini, C	1
Proudman, SM	2
Foster, DJ	1
Upton, RN	1
Kastbom, A	1
Karlsson, JA	1
Klareskog, L	1
Lundberg, K	1
Julkunen, H	1
van Nies, JA	1
Tsonaka, R	1
Gaujoux-Viala, C	1
Fautrel, B	1
van der Helm-van Mil, AH	1
Lee, DH	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Analysis of Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels in Patients With Primary Sjögren Syndrome and Possible Correlation With the Disease Activity[NCT04546542]		75 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-10-01	Active, not recruiting
A Comparative Observational Study on Ivermectin and Hydroxychloroquine on the COVID19 Patients in Bangladesh[NCT04434144]		116 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2020-05-02	Completed
An aDaptive, multicEnter, rAndomized, Open-Label, Controlled Trial to Assess Effectiveness and Safety of Quinine Sulfate for COVID-19 in Hospitalized Adults[NCT05808231]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-04-26	Recruiting
Prophylaxis With Chloroquine in Health Personnel Exposed to Infection With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)[NCT04627467]	Phase 2	3,217 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-03-28	Completed
A Randomized Phase 2/3 Trial of Hydroxychloroquine In Covid-19 Kinetics[NCT04353271]	Phase 2/Phase 3	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-17	Terminated (stopped due to FDA recommendations to not use outside of the hospital setting or in a clinical trial due to the risk of cardiac arrhythmias)
Safety and Efficacy of Post-exposure Prophylaxis With Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for the Prevention of COVID-19 in High-risk Older Individuals in Long-term and Specialized Care: A Double-blind Randomized Control Trial[NCT04397328]	Phase 3	336 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-05-19	Not yet recruiting
Clearing the Fog: Is HCQ Effective in Reducing COVID-19 progression-a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04491994]	Phase 3	540 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-10	Completed
Fecal Microbial Transplantation for Rheumatoid Arthritis Trial[NCT05790356]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Not yet recruiting
Study of Anti-Malarials in Incomplete Lupus Erythematosus[NCT03030118]	Phase 2	187 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-12-28	Active, not recruiting
[NCT02942381]	Phase 2	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-09-13	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With X-linked Alport Syndrome in China (CHXLAS)[NCT04937907]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-08	Recruiting
A Prospective Randomized, Open, Multi-Center Trial Comparing TNF-Blockade + MTX to MTX+SSZ+HCQ in Patients With Early RA With an Inadequate Response to MTX[NCT00764725]	Phase 4	487 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-12-31	Completed
Relevance of Monitoring Blood Levels Compared to Salivar Levels of Drugs Used in Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases: Adherence and Understanding the Possible Underlying Mechanisms Involved in Effectiveness and in Adverse Effects[NCT03122431]	Phase 4	93 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-05	Completed
Use of TNF-blocking Therapy in Combination With DMARDs in Patients With Early Rheumatoid Arthritis[NCT00908089]	Phase 4	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-03-31	Active, not recruiting
A Randomized Study to Compare the Efficacy of Vorinostat/Hydroxychloroquine/Maraviroc (VHM) in Controlling HIV After Treatment Interruption in Subjects Who Initiated ART During Acute HIV Infection[NCT02475915]	Phase 1/Phase 2	15 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Number of subjects in each arm who are hospitalized for Covid 19 infection (NCT04353271)
Timeframe: 14 days

Number of Participants Who Are Virus Free

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	0
Control	0

Nasopharyngeal swab PCR measurement of viral load expressed as the % of negative PCR swabs (NCT04353271)
Timeframe: 7 days after initiation of trial

Number of Participants Who Die Secondary to Covid 19 Infection

Intervention	participants (Number)
Treatment	0
Control	0

Number of subjects in each arm who die secondary to Covid-19 infection (NCT04353271)
Timeframe: 70 Days (10 weeks)

Number of Participants Who Discontinue or Withdraw Medication Use for Any Reason

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	0
Control	0

Number of subjects in each arm who discontinue or withdraw medication use for any reason (NCT04353271)
Timeframe: 14 days

Number of Participants Who Have Confirmed Covid 19 Infection

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	0
Control	1

Number of subjects in each arm who have confirmed Covid-19 infection (NCT04353271)
Timeframe: 14 days

Number of Participants With Progression

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Treatment	1
Control	2

After start of treatment, development of fever > 101 F for > 72 hours, shortness of breath by minimal exertion (10-Step walk test), derangement of basic lab parameters (ALC < 1000 or raised CRP) or appearance of infiltrates on CXR during course of treatment was labeled as progression irrespective of PCR status (NCT04491994)
Timeframe: 5 days

Serum Levels of Hydroxycloroquine

Serum Levels of Thalidomide

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Standard of Care (SOC)	5
Intervention Group	11

Intervention	ng/mL (Mean)
Inactive SLE With Standard Dose of HCQ	991.6
Inactive SLE With Reduced Dose of HCQ	569.0

Serum levels of thalidomide by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) (NCT03122431)
Timeframe: 12 months

Article	Year
COVID-19 and neuromuscular disorders. Neurology, 2020, 06-02, Volume: 94, Issue:22 Topics: Antiviral Agents; Chloroquine; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Delivery of Heal	2020
Recommendations for eye care during the alarm state by the coronavirus disease pandemic COVID-19. Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia, 2020, Volume: 95, Issue:6 Topics: Antimalarials; Asymptomatic Diseases; Betacoronavirus; Blood Safety; Chloroquine; Contact Lenses; Co	2020
A complex COVID-19 case with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab. Clinical rheumatology, 2020, Volume: 39, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Arthritis, R	2020
Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis, Prediction, and Prevention: An Emerging Paradigm Shift. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2021, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthralgia; Arthritis	2021
Current pharmacological modalities for management of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the rationale for their utilization: A review. Reviews in medical virology, 2020, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized	2020
Drug targets for COVID-19 therapeutics: Ongoing global efforts. Journal of biosciences, 2020, Volume: 45 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavirus; Coronav	2020
Antirheumatic Disease Therapies for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2021, Volume: 73, Issue:1 Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Azetidines; Bias; C	2021
Macrophage activation syndrome as an unusual presentation of paucisymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: A case report. Medicine, 2020, Aug-07, Volume: 99, Issue:32 Topics: Adolescent; Blood Chemical Analysis; Ceftriaxone; China; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Coronavirus	2020
[Pharmacological treatment of COVID-19: Narrative review of the Working Group in Infectious Diseases and Sepsis (GTEIS) and the Working Groups in Transfusions and Blood Products (GTTH)]. Medicina intensiva, 2021, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alanine; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoc	2021
Hydroxychloroquine use and progression or prognosis of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2021, Volume: 394, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disease Progression; Evidence-Based Medi	2021
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: clinico-pathologic correlation. Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale, Societa italiana di dermatologia e sifilografia, 2018, Volume: 153, Issue:2 Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Incidence; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Lupus Er	2018
[Palindromic rheumatism or incipient rheumatoid arthritis--chances of drug therapy]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 2014, Volume: 130, Issue:19 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Medica	2014
Hydroxychloroquine: A Brief Review on Screening, Toxicity, and Progression. Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina, 2016, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Antimalarials; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Practice Guide	2016
It hasn't gone away: the problem of glucocorticoid use in lupus remains. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2017, 04-01, Volume: 56, Issue:suppl_1 Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cata	2017
[Pseudopelade of Brocq]. Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie, 2011, Volume: 138, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia Areata; Dermoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression;	2011
The importance of assessing medication exposure to the definition of refractory disease in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity reviews, 2011, Volume: 10, Issue:11 Topics: Biomarkers, Pharmacological; Disease Progression; Drug Interactions; France; Humans; Hydroxychloroqu	2011
Rheumatoid arthritis: more aggressive approach improves outlook. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 2004, Volume: 71, Issue:5 Topics: Adalimumab; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthrit	2004
Damage control in rheumatoid arthritis. Hard-hitting, early treatment is crucial to curbing joint destruction. Postgraduate medicine, 2004, Volume: 116, Issue:5 Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunologic Fa	2004
[Pleading to maintain hydroxychloroquine throughout Lupus pregnancies]. La Revue de medecine interne, 2005, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Lactation; Lupus Eryt	2005
[Systemic lupus erythematosus in children and adolescents]. Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie, 2006, Volume: 65, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Child; Diagnosis, Diff	2006

Article	Year
Hydroxychloroquine for Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Annals of neurology, 2021, Volume: 90, Issue:6 Topics: Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunosuppressive Agents; Magnetic Resonanc	2021
The COVIRL-001 Trial: A multicentre, prospective, randomised trial comparing standard of care (SOC) alone, SOC plus hydroxychloroquine monotherapy or SOC plus a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in the treatment of non- critical, SARS-CoV Trials, 2020, 05-25, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Antiviral Agents; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; Disease Progressi	2020
Safety and effectiveness of azithromycin in patients with COVID-19: An open-label randomised trial. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; C-Reactive Protein; Coronavirus I	2020
Clinical and radiological outcomes of 5-year drug-free remission-steered treatment in patients with early arthritis: IMPROVED study. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2018, Volume: 77, Issue:1 Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression	2018
Study of Anti-Malarials in Incomplete Lupus Erythematosus (SMILE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 2018, Dec-20, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antimalarials; Biomarkers; Disease Progression; Double-B	2018
Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2019, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glo	2019
Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2019, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glo	2019
Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2019, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glo	2019
Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on Proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2019, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Creatinine; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glo	2019
Evaluation of hand bone loss by digital X-ray radiogrammetry as a complement to clinical and radiographic assessment in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2013, Mar-05, Volume: 14 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Analysis of Variance; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthriti	2013
Clinical response within 12 weeks as a predictor of future low disease activity in patients with early RA: results from the TEAR Trial. The Journal of rheumatology, 2013, Volume: 40, Issue:5 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Etanerc	2013
Validation of the methotrexate-first strategy in patients with early, poor-prognosis rheumatoid arthritis: results from a two-year randomized, double-blind trial. Arthritis and rheumatism, 2013, Volume: 65, Issue:8 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy,	2013
A two-step treatment strategy trial in patients with early arthritis aimed at achieving remission: the IMPROVED study. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2014, Volume: 73, Issue:7 Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antirheumatic	2014
Four-month metacarpal bone mineral density loss predicts radiological joint damage progression after 1 year in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: exploratory analyses from the IMPROVED study. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2015, Volume: 74, Issue:2 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bone Density; Disease Progressi	2015
Current smoking status is a strong predictor of radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2015, Volume: 74, Issue:8 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; C-Reactive Protein; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy,	2015
Randomised comparison of initial triple DMARD therapy with methotrexate monotherapy in combination with low-dose glucocorticoid bridging therapy; 1-year data of the tREACH trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2014, Volume: 73, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Di	2014
Pretreatment multi-biomarker disease activity score and radiographic progression in early RA: results from the SWEFOT trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2015, Volume: 74, Issue:6 Topics: Adipokines; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; C-React	2015
Changes in the anticitrullinated peptide antibody response in relation to therapeutic outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the SWEFOT trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2016, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Antibody Specificity; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Disease Progressi	2016
Predicted vs. observed radiographic progression in early rheumatoid arthritis (POPeRA): results from a randomized trial. Scandinavian journal of rheumatology, 2015, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-U	2015
Two-year results of disease activity score (DAS)-remission-steered treatment strategies aiming at drug-free remission in early arthritis patients (the IMPROVED-study). Arthritis research & therapy, 2016, Jan-21, Volume: 18 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Fema	2016
Early combination disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy and tight disease control improve long-term radiologic outcome in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: the 11-year results of the Finnish Rheumatoid Arthritis Combination Therapy trial. Arthritis research & therapy, 2010, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Finland	2010
Infliximab for 6 months added on combination therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year results from an investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (the NEO-RACo Study). Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2013, Volume: 72, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid	2013
Effects of hydroxychloroquine on immune activation and disease progression among HIV-infected patients not receiving antiretroviral therapy: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2012, Jul-25, Volume: 308, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD8-Posit	2012
Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis and rheumatism, 2006, Volume: 54, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydrox	2006
Aggressive combination therapy with intra-articular glucocorticoid injections and conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in early rheumatoid arthritis: second-year clinical and radiographic results from the CIMESTRA study. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2008, Volume: 67, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Arthrography; Betamethasone; Combined Moda	2008
Endpoint measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials: group summary and individual patient analysis. The Journal of rheumatology, 1994, Volume: 21, Issue:12 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Disability Evaluation	1994
Combination therapy with hydroxychloroquine, gold sodium thiomalate and methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis. An open 3-year study. Clinical rheumatology, 2000, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gold Sodium Th	2000
Effect of hydroxychloroquine on progression of dementia in early Alzheimer's disease: an 18-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet (London, England), 2001, Aug-11, Volume: 358, Issue:9280 Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antimalarials; Behavi	2001

Article	Year
Factors Affecting the Incidence, Progression, and Severity of COVID-19 in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. BioMed research international, 2021, Volume: 2021 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Cell Count; Blood Glucose; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Comorbi	2021
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
Initiation of hydroxychloroquine therapy during pregnancy can cause adverse effects and alter pregnancy outcomes: A case of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2023, 06-19, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cesarean Section; Child; Di	2023
EFFECTS OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE PLUS FAVIPIRAVIR TREATMENT ON THE CLINICAL COURSE AND BIOMARKERS IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA. Acta clinica Croatica, 2022, Volume: 61, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Amides; Antimalarials; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disease Progressio	2022
Synergistic cytotoxicity and co-autophagy inhibition in pancreatic tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts by dual functional peptide-modified liposomes. Acta biomaterialia, 2019, Volume: 99 Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Autophagy; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Duct	2019
A comprehensive, multidisciplinary, precision medicine approach to discover effective therapy for an undiagnosed, progressive, fibroinflammatory disease. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 2020, Volume: 215 Topics: Adolescent; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Disease Progression; Female; Fibroblasts; Fibrosis; Gene E	2020
Predictors of predominant Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS-50). Lupus, 2019, Volume: 28, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Black or African American; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Hydr	2019
Diffuse variants of scalp lichen planopilaris: Clinical, trichoscopic, and histopathologic features of 40 patients. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2020, Volume: 83, Issue:6 Topics: 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Alopecia A	2020
Systemic lupus erythematosus aggravates atherosclerosis by promoting IgG deposition and inflammatory cell imbalance. Lupus, 2020, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Atherosclerosis; Dendritic Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Hydr	2020
Understanding the dynamics of hydroxychloroquine blood levels in lupus nephritis. Lupus, 2020, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Brazil; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, Liquid; Disease Progressi	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
COVID-19: a recommendation to examine the effect of hydroxychloroquine in preventing infection and progression. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020, 07-01, Volume: 75, Issue:7 Topics: Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrom	2020
Targeting the inflammatory cascade with anakinra in moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: case series. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2020, Volume: 79, Issue:10 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; C-Reactive Protein; Coronav	2020
The liaison between respiratory failure and high blood pressure: evidence from COVID-19 patients. The European respiratory journal, 2020, Volume: 56, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disease Progressio	2020
CLL and COVID-19 at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona: an interim report. Leukemia, 2020, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Adenine; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavi	2020
Clinical impact of hydroxychloroquine dose adjustment according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology guidelines in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus science & medicine, 2020, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Comorbidity; Disease Progression; Female; Huma	2020
Evolution and resolution of brain involvement associated with SARS- CoV2 infection: A close Clinical - Paraclinical follow up study of a case. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2020, Volume: 43 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticonvulsants; Atazanavir Sulfate; Betacoronavirus; Brain; Conscious	2020
Outpatient management of kidney transplant recipients with suspected COVID-19-Single-center experience during the New York City surge. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 2020, Volume: 22, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Ambulatory Care; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azit	2020
Covid-19: A systemic disease treated with a wide-ranging approach: A case report. Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique, 2020, Jul-03, Volume: 27, Issue:S Pt 1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azithromycin; China; Coronavirus Infecti	2020
Cancer Progression Is Linked to Increased Risk of Death Within 30 Days of COVID-19 Diagnosis. Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.), 2020, 07-15, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; COVID-19 Dru	2020
Clinical improvement of severe COVID-19 pneumonia in a pregnant patient after caesarean delivery. BMJ case reports, 2020, Jul-16, Volume: 13, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; Ceft	2020
COVID-19 reveals Brugada pattern in an adolescent patient. Cardiology in the young, 2020, Volume: 30, Issue:11 Topics: Antiviral Agents; Brugada Syndrome; C-Reactive Protein; Chest Pain; Consanguinity; Cough; COVID-19;	2020
Differential approach to peripheral blood cell ratios in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and various manifestations. Rheumatology international, 2020, Volume: 40, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Sedimentation; Disease Progression; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydrox	2020
Hydroxychloroquine treatment in COVID-19: A descriptive observational analysis of 30 cases from a single center in Wuhan, China. Journal of medical virology, 2020, Volume: 92, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antimalarials; Aspar	2020
Low-dose hydroxychloroquine therapy and mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a nationwide observational study of 8075 participants. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antimalarials; Betacoronavirus; C-Reactive Protein; Coro	2020
Predictive factors for cardiac conduction abnormalities with hydroxychloroquine-containing combinations for COVID-19. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Azithromycin; Betacoronavirus; Biomarkers; Coronavirus Infections; COVI	2020
Prevalence of antimitochondrial antibodies in subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. International journal of dermatology, 2021, Volume: 60, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Age	2021
Fatal outcome of anti-MDA5 juvenile dermatomyositis in a paediatric COVID-19 patient: a case report. Modern rheumatology case reports, 2021, Volume: 5, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Monophosphate; Alanine; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antivira	2021
Systemic lupus Erythematosus activity and Hydroxychloroquine use before and after end-stage renal disease. BMC nephrology, 2020, 10-28, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Complement System Proteins; Disease Progression; DNA; Enzyme Inhi	2020
Long-Term Progression of Pericentral Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy. Ophthalmology, 2021, Volume: 128, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hydroxych	2021
Trametinib and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) Combination Treatment in KRAS-Mutated Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Detailed Description of Two Cases. Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2021, Volume: 52, Issue:1 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Autophagy; CA-19-9 Antigen; Carci	2021
Correspondence on 'Clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a series of 17 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus under long-term treatment with hydroxychloroquine'. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2023, Volume: 82, Issue:10 Topics: COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Lupus Erythemato	2023
Non-central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. BMJ case reports, 2021, Jan-18, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination	2021
Impact of hydroxychloroquine on disease progression and ICU admissions in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2021, 03-31, Volume: 78, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cohort Studies; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disea	2021
Which patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in remission can withdraw low dose steroids? Results from a single inception cohort study. Lupus, 2021, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Databases, Factual; Disease Management; Disease Progression; Female; Glucocor	2021
COVID-19 progression in kidney transplant recipients: a single-center case series. CEN case reports, 2021, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Antimalarials; Antiviral Agents; COVID-19; Disease Progression; Female;	2021
Correspondence on 'Clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a series of 17 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus under long-term treatment with hydroxychloroquine'. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2023, Volume: 82, Issue:11 Topics: COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Lupus Erythemato	2023
Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with COVID-19 at Thailand's university-based referral hospital. BMC infectious diseases, 2021, Apr-26, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amides; Antiviral Agents; Chloroquine; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treat	2021
Disease activity trajectories in early rheumatoid arthritis following intensive DMARD therapy over 3 years: association with persistence to therapy. International journal of rheumatic diseases, 2017, Volume: 20, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chi-Square Distribution; Disease Progressi	2017
Hydroxycloroquine blood concentration in lupus nephritis: a determinant of disease outcome? Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2018, 09-01, Volume: 33, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans;	2018
Hydroxychloroquine-induced restrictive cardiomyopathy: a case report. Postgraduate medical journal, 2018, Volume: 94, Issue:1109 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathies; Cardiotoxicity; Disease Progr	2018
Comparison of Remission and Lupus Low Disease Activity State in Damage Prevention in a United States Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cohort. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2018, Volume: 70, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Cardiomyopathies; Cataract; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease	2018
Patients With Arthralgia and Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibody Positivity on Hydroxychloroquine Therapy: An Update on 2 and 3 Years' Follow-up Data of a Pilot Study. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2019, Volume: 25, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Disea	2019
Prolonged remission is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a GIRRCS (Gruppo Italiano di Ricerca in Reumatologia Clinica e Sperimentale) study. Clinical rheumatology, 2019, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antirheumatic Agents; Cardiovascular D	2019
A lump on the palate. Clinical and experimental dermatology, 2019, Volume: 44, Issue:3 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Granu	2019
Low additive effect of hydroxychloroquine on Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus taking calcineurin inhibitor. International journal of rheumatic diseases, 2019, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoi	2019
SEQUENTIAL CHANGES IN HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE RETINOPATHY UP TO 20 YEARS AFTER STOPPING THE DRUG: Implications for Mild Versus Severe Toxicity. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2019, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Fovea	2019
Impressive oral lichen planus progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma in a three months lapse. Oral oncology, 2019, Volume: 90 Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Cicatrix; Disease Progression; Follow-Up	2019
Progression of hydroxychloroquine toxic effects after drug therapy cessation: new evidence from multimodal imaging. JAMA ophthalmology, 2013, Volume: 131, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorescein A	2013
Blurred vision: targeting a diagnosis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2013, Sep-12, Volume: 347 Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Progression; Early Diagnosis; Female; Hum	2013
Systemic lupus erythematosus and granulomatous lymphadenopathy. BMC pediatrics, 2013, Nov-05, Volume: 13 Topics: Antibodies, Antinuclear; Child; Connective Tissue Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progres	2013
Pulmonary hemorrhage in a patient initially presenting with discoid lupus. Puerto Rico health sciences journal, 2013, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy; Bronchopneumonia; Diagnostic Errors; Disease Progression; Dysp	2013
Effect of disease stage on progression of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy. JAMA ophthalmology, 2014, Volume: 132, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Humans; Hydroxychl	2014
A case of Whipple's disease evolving over 30 years. Medecine et maladies infectieuses, 2014, Volume: 44, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Bacterial; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Biopsy; Disease Progressio	2014
A population model of early rheumatoid arthritis disease activity during treatment with methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2015, Volume: 79, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bayes Theor	2015
Evaluating relationships between symptom duration and persistence of rheumatoid arthritis: does a window of opportunity exist? Results on the Leiden early arthritis clinic and ESPOIR cohorts. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2015, Volume: 74, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Area Under Curve; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Cohort S	2015
Pericentral hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in Korean patients. Ophthalmology, 2015, Volume: 122, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Asian People; Disease Progression; Female; Fluorescein Angiograph	2015
Tumour-initiating cell-specific miR-1246 and miR-1290 expression converge to promote non-small cell lung cancer progression. Nature communications, 2016, 06-21, Volume: 7 Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung;	2016
Effect of Adherence to Protocolized Targeted Intensifications of Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs on Treatment Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from an Australian Early Arthritis Cohort. The Journal of rheumatology, 2016, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Australia; Disease Progression; Dose-Respo	2016
Hydroxychloroquine-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2016, Volume: 22, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Antimalarials; Cardiomyopathies; Disease Progression; Echocardiography; Female; Humans; Hydrox	2016
New onset of lupus nephritis in two patients with SLE shortly after initiation of treatment with belimumab. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 2017, Volume: 46, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combinati	2017
Progressive hydroxychloroquine toxicity mimicking low-tension glaucoma after discontinuation of the drug. Acta ophthalmologica, 2010, Volume: 88, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Atrophy; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Drug Administration Schedule; Electrore	2010
Pronounced linear calcinosis in a boy with mild dermatomyositis. A further possible example of superimposed segmental manifestation of a polygenic disorder. Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 2009, Volume: 219, Issue:2 Topics: Biopsy, Needle; Calcinosis; Child; Colchicine; Dermatomyositis; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, C	2009
Familial chilblain lupus--a monogenic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus due to a heterozygous mutation in TREX1. Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 2009, Volume: 219, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Aspirin; Biopsy, Needle; Chronic Disease; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination	2009
Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on renal damage in patients with lupus nephritis: LXV, data from a multiethnic US cohort. Arthritis and rheumatism, 2009, Jun-15, Volume: 61, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Black or African American; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Female;	2009
Development of classic dermatomyositis rash years after diagnosis of juvenile polymyositis. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2009, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Child; Dermatomyositis; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ex	2009
Systemic lupus erythematosus pregnancies: the Sarawak experience and review of lupus pregnancies in Asia. Rheumatology international, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Asia; Cesarean Section; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Progression; F	2011
Possible protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on delaying the occurrence of integument damage in lupus: LXXI, data from a multiethnic cohort. Arthritis care & research, 2010, Volume: 62, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Black or African American; Disease Progression; Female; Hispanic or Lat	2010
Normalization of generalized retinal function and progression of maculopathy after cessation of therapy in a case of severe hydroxychloroquine retinopathy with 19 years follow-up. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2010, Volume: 120, Issue:3 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Contrast Sensitivity; Disease Progression; Electroretinography; Female; Fluore	2010
Osseous metaplasia late in the course of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Dermatology online journal, 2010, Aug-15, Volume: 16, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Calcinosis; Disease Progression; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Hydroxy	2010
Retinal toxicity associated with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: risk factors, screening, and progression despite cessation of therapy. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2011, Volume: 129, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Chloroquine; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy	2011
Is treatment with hydroxychloroquine effective in surfactant protein C deficiency? Archivos de bronconeumologia, 2013, Volume: 49, Issue:5 Topics: Disease Progression; Diseases in Twins; Dyspnea; Failure to Thrive; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Infa	2013
Chylous ascites and chylothorax as presentation of a systemic progression of discoid lupus. Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2013, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Chylothorax; Chylous Ascites; Disease Progres	2013
Treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus with mycophenolate mofetil. Southern medical journal, 2003, Volume: 96, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hemorrhage; H	2003
The dilemma of hydroxychloroquine screening: new information from the multifocal ERG. American journal of ophthalmology, 2005, Volume: 140, Issue:5 Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Disease Progression; Electroretinography; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Retina;	2005
Sustained remission of lupus nephritis. Lupus, 2006, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Creatinine; Cyclophosphamide; Di	2006
The dynamism of cutaneous lupus erythematosus: mild discoid lupus erythematosus evolving into SLE with SCLE and treatment-resistant lupus panniculitis. Clinical rheumatology, 2007, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Comb	2007
Antimalarial agents: closing the gate on Toll-like receptors? Arthritis and rheumatism, 2006, Volume: 54, Issue:10 Topics: Antimalarials; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Interferon-alpha; Lupus Erythematosu	2006
Hydroxychloroquine sulfate treatment is associated with later onset of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus, 2007, Volume: 16, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibody Specificity; Autoantibodies; Disease Progre	2007
Low-dose prednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis: adverse effects of various disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. The Journal of rheumatology, 2008, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoi	2008
Previous antimalarial therapy in patients diagnosed with lupus nephritis: influence on outcomes and survival. Lupus, 2008, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antimalarials; Biopsy; Child; Chloroquine; Disease Progression; Female; Fol	2008
Hypergammaglobulinaemic purpura associated with IgG subclass imbalance and recurrent infection. Clinical rheumatology, 2000, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Child, Preschool; Disease Progression; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Immunoglobulin G; Infections; Mal	2000

hydroxychloroquine and Disease Exacerbation