hydrogen carbonate and Kidney Failure, Chronic studies

Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.
hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.

Kidney Failure, Chronic: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Lactic acidosis in metformin use is a widely recognised but rare side effect."	8.84	Reality of severe metformin-induced lactic acidosis in the absence of chronic renal impairment. ( Bosch, FH; Bruijstens, LA; Buscher-Jungerhans, PM; van Luin, M, 2008)
"Hyperleptinemia and metabolic acidosis (MA) are frequently observed in patients on hemodialysis (HD)."	7.81	Correction of metabolic acidosis in hemodialysis: consequences on serum leptin and mineral metabolism. ( Bales, AM; dos Reis, LM; Elias, RM; Graciolli, FG; Hung, J; Martins Castro, MC; Moysés, RM, 2015)
"Patients with chronic renal failure are frequently characterized by malnutrition, hyperleptinaemia and metabolic acidosis."	7.71	Interrelationship between plasma leptin concentration and severity of metabolic acidosis in haemodialysed patients with chronical renal failure. ( Adamczak, M; Chudek, J; Kokot, F; Wieçek, A, 2001)
"Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma occurred in a 29-year-old diabetic man with chronic renal failure after the repeated use of oral glycerol for treatment of acute neovascular glaucoma."	7.65	Glycerol and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma. ( Ellis, PP; Oakley, DE, 1976)
"Bixalomer (Bix) is an amine-functional polymer, non-calcium-containing phosphate (P) binder, and has been clinically available in Japan recently."	5.40	Treatment of hyperphosphatemia with bixalomer in Japanese patients on long-term hemodialysis with gastrointestinal symptoms. ( Ito, K; Kumata, C; Matsuzaka, K; Nakajima, Y; Ogata, H; Shishido, K; Takeshima, A; Wakasa, M, 2014)
"Patients with acute renal failure or chronic renal failure treated with renal replacement therapy were excluded from this study."	5.32	[Prevalence of anemia, calcium-phosphorus abnormalities and metabolic acidosis in different stages of chronic renal failure]. ( Chudek, J; Kokot, F; Kopeć, P; Kukla, M; Mamcarz, E; Wiecek, A; Wnuk, Z; Zarzecki, M, 2004)
"5 mmol/l) lead to hyperlactatemia in all patients without signs of overt lactic acidosis but showed a better control of acid-base balance (pH, base excess, standard bicarbonate) than the type I bicarbonate-buffered fluid (p < 0."	5.07	Which bicarbonate concentration is adequate to lactate-buffered substitution fluids in maintenance hemofiltration? ( Böhm, R; Clasen, W; Gladziwa, U; Mann, H; Riehl, J; Sieberth, HG, 1994)
"Lactic acidosis in metformin use is a widely recognised but rare side effect."	4.84	Reality of severe metformin-induced lactic acidosis in the absence of chronic renal impairment. ( Bosch, FH; Bruijstens, LA; Buscher-Jungerhans, PM; van Luin, M, 2008)
"Hyperleptinemia and metabolic acidosis (MA) are frequently observed in patients on hemodialysis (HD)."	3.81	Correction of metabolic acidosis in hemodialysis: consequences on serum leptin and mineral metabolism. ( Bales, AM; dos Reis, LM; Elias, RM; Graciolli, FG; Hung, J; Martins Castro, MC; Moysés, RM, 2015)
"Patients with chronic renal failure are frequently characterized by malnutrition, hyperleptinaemia and metabolic acidosis."	3.71	Interrelationship between plasma leptin concentration and severity of metabolic acidosis in haemodialysed patients with chronical renal failure. ( Adamczak, M; Chudek, J; Kokot, F; Wieçek, A, 2001)
" The evolution of blood pressure (BP) control, CRP levels, nutritional data (body mass index, serum albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, cholesterol), proteinuria, calcium-phosphorus product, bicarbonate, haemoglobin (Hb), the weekly dose of erythropoietin (Epo)/kg body weight, and the Hb/Epo dose ratio were measured and compared between patients with high (>6 mg/l) or low (<6 mg/l) CRP levels at baseline."	3.71	Significance of high C-reactive protein levels in pre-dialysis patients. ( Carreño, A; Espejo, B; Gallar, P; Gutierrez, M; Jimenez, J; Oliet, A; Ortega, O; Ortiz, M; Rodriguez, I; Vigil, A, 2002)
" The effect of the correction of chronic metabolic acidosis in chronic renal failure patients treated with HD was determined from the kinetics of infused L-[1-(13)C]leucine."	3.69	Correction of acidosis in hemodialysis decreases whole-body protein degradation. ( Channon, SM; Downie, S; Goodship, TH; Graham, KA; Reaich, D, 1997)
"To test the hypothesis that acidosis contributes to the insulin resistance of chronic renal failure (CRF) and impairs the action of insulin to decrease protein degradation, eight CRF patients were studied using the combined L-[1-13C]leucine-euglycemic clamp technique before (acid) and after (NaHCO3) 4 wk treatment with NaHCO3 (pH: acid 7."	3.69	Insulin-mediated changes in PD and glucose uptake after correction of acidosis in humans with CRF. ( Channon, SM; Goodship, TH; Graham, KA; Hetherington, C; Reaich, D; Scrimgeour, CM; Wilkinson, R, 1995)
"Correction of chronic renal acidosis was attempted for 6 weeks in 20 end stage renal failure patients on chronic acetate hemodialysis by means of 6-9 g of sodium bicarbonate given orally by means of gastric juice resistant capsule of 1 g."	3.66	[Effects of improved levels of plasma bicarbonates in terminal renal failure]. ( Botterman, P; Kopp, KF; Kramer, I; Kuhlencordt, M; Melamed, J, 1983)
"Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma occurred in a 29-year-old diabetic man with chronic renal failure after the repeated use of oral glycerol for treatment of acute neovascular glaucoma."	3.65	Glycerol and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma. ( Ellis, PP; Oakley, DE, 1976)
"Metabolic acidosis is a common consequence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which may result in a substantial adverse outcome."	2.84	Oral Bicarbonate Slows Decline of Residual Renal Function in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. ( Chen, R; Gao, XM; Li, CJ; Liu, XY; Tao, XC; Wu, F; Yu, P; Zhang, N; Zhang, P, 2017)
"2,628 adults with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy."	2.80	Serum Bicarbonate and Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the RENAAL (Reduction of End Points in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes With the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) St ( Bakker, SJ; de Zeeuw, D; Gansevoort, RT; Lambers Heerspink, HJ; Lewis, JB; Lutgers, HL; Schutte, E; Umanath, K; Vart, P; Wolffenbuttel, BH, 2015)
"Forty-two chronic renal failure patients-21 DM and 21 NDM-randomly selected among the 97 in our dialysis unit were submitted to an HD session with glucose-free bicarbonate solution (phase 1)."	2.73	Glucose-added dialysis fluid prevents asymptomatic hypoglycaemia in regular haemodialysis. ( Burmeister, JE; Campos, BM; da Costa, MG; da Rosa Miltersteiner, D; Scapini, A, 2007)
"Metabolic acidosis was corrected by continuous bicarbonate infusion while plasma ionized calcium was clamped at the preinfusion level by calcium gluconate infusion throughout the procedure."	2.70	Acute correction of metabolic acidosis increases serum procollagen type I carboxyterminal propeptide in patients with chronic renal failure. ( Chu, P; Lin, YF; Lu, KC, 2001)
"In group I, continuous use of bicarbonate dialysate did not change the rHuEpo dosage given to achieve the target haemoglobin level and was associated with elevated surrogate markers (CRP, IL-6) of cytokine-induced inflammation."	2.69	Dialysate related cytokine induction and response to recombinant human erythropoietin in haemodialysis patients. ( Bergner, A; Schiffl, H; Sitter, T, 2000)
" Subjects in the experimental group who had predialysis serum bicarbonate concentrations less than 22 mEq/L after 2 weeks on the higher bicarbonate bath were additionally supplemented with oral sodium bicarbonate at a dosage of 1 mEq/kg dry weight/d."	2.69	Correction of metabolic acidosis and its effect on albumin in chronic hemodialysis patients. ( Brady, JP; Hasbargen, JA, 1998)
"In 9 patients with chronic renal failure treated by HD with bicarbonate-35 mEq/l containing fluid, investigations of minute ventilation, breathing patterns and blood gases were done during 5 sequential HD."	2.68	[Behavior of ventilation parameters, gas exchange and blood gases during hemodialysis (HD), in a traction during which the bicarbonate concentration in dialysis fluid is raised to a level of 60 m Eq/l]. ( Wanic-Kossowska, M, 1997)
"Incidences of arrhythmia, muscular cramps and headache were significantly less frequent during HF."	2.68	On-line predilution hemofiltration versus ultrapure high-flux hemodialysis: a multicenter prospective study in 23 patients. Sardinian Collaborative Study Group of On-Line Hemofiltration. ( Altieri, P; Asproni, E; Bolasco, F; Bolasco, PG; Bostrom, M; Cabiddu, GF; Cadinu, F; Casu, D; Cossu, M; Ferrara, R; Ganadu, M; Passaghe, M; Pinna, M; Sorba, GB, 1997)
"Metabolic acidosis was corrected by continuous bicarbonate infusion while plasma ionized calcium was clamped at the preinfusion level throughout the entire procedure."	2.67	Rapid correction of metabolic acidosis in chronic renal failure: effect on parathyroid hormone activity. ( Chu, P; Jan, SY; Li, BL; Lin, YF; Lu, KC; Shieh, SD, 1994)
"Hemodynamic parameters of five chronic renal failure patients have been compared intraindividually during hemodialysis, hemofiltration, and hemodiafiltration using either acetate or bicarbonate buffer."	2.65	[Hemodynamics during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration using bicarbonate vs acetate buffers]. ( Liomin, E; Schneider, H; Streicher, E, 1984)
"Although arterial hypoxemia during hemodialysis is common and may contribute to dialysis morbidity, the mechanisms responsible remain uncertain."	2.65	Gas exchange during dialysis. Contrasting mechanisms contributing to comparable alterations with acetate and bicarbonate buffers. ( Chappell, TR; Henrich, WL; Hunt, JM; Rubin, LJ, 1984)
"In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) (CCr less than 20 ml/min), we have previously demonstrated greater rates of Na excretion (ex) when Na intake was nearly all NaHCO3 as compared to NaCl (both 200 mEq Na daily)."	2.64	NaHCO3 and NaCl tolerance in chronic renal failure II. ( Husted, FC; Nolph, KD, 1977)
"Metabolic acidosis is a common complication of CKD."	2.58	Dialysate bicarbonate concentration: Too much of a good thing? ( Basile, C; Lomonte, C; Rossi, L, 2018)
"Metabolic acidosis is defined as a decrease of bicarbonates in the blood, below normal range, with a reduction of blood pH."	2.50	[Treatment of metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease]. ( Dębowska, M; Niemczyk, L, 2014)
"Metabolic acidosis is a common complication associated with progressive loss of kidney function."	2.48	Metabolic acidosis and kidney disease: does bicarbonate therapy slow the progression of CKD? ( Kovesdy, CP, 2012)
"Metabolic acidosis is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly once the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls below 25 ml/min/1."	2.47	Consequences and therapy of the metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. ( Kraut, JA; Madias, NE, 2011)
"Hypocitraturia and hypercalciuria are risk factors for calcium stone disease."	2.47	Diet-induced metabolic acidosis. ( Adeva, MM; Souto, G, 2011)
"Using predictive Q(Ca) dosing and integrating control of the infusion pumps with the dialysis machine, SLED-RCA can be near-automated today to provide a user-friendly and safe system."	2.46	Automated regional citrate anticoagulation: technological barriers and possible solutions. ( Frinak, S; Szamosfalvi, B; Yee, J, 2010)
"Metabolic acidosis is an important cause of protein-energy wasting, commonly observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD)."	2.45	Correction of metabolic acidosis to ameliorate wasting in chronic kidney disease: goals and strategies. ( Chiu, YW; Kopple, JD; Mehrotra, R, 2009)
"Hyperphosphatemia is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in those with advanced or end-stage renal disease."	2.45	Comparison of sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate: risk of metabolic acidosis and clinical implications. ( Pai, AB; Shepler, BM, 2009)
" The majority of phosphate binders exist only in tablet form and are dosed three times per day with meals."	2.43	Novel dosage forms and regimens for sevelamer-based phosphate binders. ( Burke, SK; Dagher, R; Duggal, A; Goldberg, J; Hanus, M; Plone, MA; Zhorov, E, 2006)
"Metabolic acidosis is noted in the majority of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases to less than 20% to 25% of normal, although as many as 20% of individuals can have acid-base parameters close to or within the normal range."	2.43	Metabolic acidosis of CKD: diagnosis, clinical characteristics, and treatment. ( Kraut, JA; Kurtz, I, 2005)
"The development of renal tubular acidosis in this condition further impairs renal function and we suggest that correction of systemic acidosis might improve renal function and prevent further decline in these patients."	2.38	Renal failure in adult onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia with Fanconi syndrome: a family study and review of the literature. ( Bateman, JM; Harrison, NA; Ledingham, JG; Smith, R, 1991)
"A characteristic feature of chronic renal failure (CRF) is decreased urinary NH4+ excretion and an alteration in systemic acid-base balance."	2.38	Renal ammonia and bicarbonate production in chronic renal failure. ( Dass, PD; Kurtz, I, 1990)
"Uncomplicated metabolic acidosis is manifested by an increase in blood acidity, hypobicarbonatemia, and hypocapnea."	2.38	[Water-electrolyte and acid-base imbalance. VI. Metabolic acidosis]. ( Velásquez-Jones, L, 1990)
"Although metabolic acidosis is known as a potential complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is limited information concerning the association between metabolic acidosis and clinical outcomes."	1.72	Lower bicarbonate level is associated with CKD progression and all-cause mortality: a propensity score matching analysis. ( Fukasawa, H; Furuya, R; Kaneko, M; Uchiyama, Y; Yasuda, H, 2022)
"Both high and low pre-ESRD CO2 levels (≥28 and <18 mEq/L) during 6 months prior to dialysis transition and rate of CO2 decline >4 mEq/L/year during 1 year before dialysis initiation were associated with greater post-ESRD all-cause, CV, and non-CV mortality."	1.62	Association of Pre-ESRD Serum Bicarbonate with Post-ESRD Mortality in Patients with Incident ESRD. ( Catabay, CJ; Hsiung, JT; Kalantar-Zadeh, K; Kleine, CE; Kovesdy, CP; Kraut, J; Lee, Y; Murray, V; Obi, Y; Park, C; Rhee, CM; Soohoo, M; Streja, E; Tantisattamo, E; Wenziger, C, 2021)
"Differences in biochemical parameters of diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has not been established."	1.62	Biochemical Parameters of Diabetes Ketoacidosis in Patients with End-stage Kidney Disease and Preserved Renal Function. ( Albury, B; Galindo, RJ; Pasquel, FJ; Perez-Guzman, C; Umpierrez, GE; Vellanki, P; Zambrano, C; Ziduo, Z, 2021)
"The etiology of sudden cardiac death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD) is largely unknown, though there is evidence to suggest that metabolic alkalosis induced by HD with a high-bicarbonate dialysate/prescription may play a role."	1.51	Effect of Bicarbonate-Buffered Dialysate on Ventricular Arrhythmias in Hemodialysis Patients. ( Curtis, AB; Gudleski, GD; Krahn, RE; Lambert, J; Murray, B; Muscarella, M; Panesar, M; Rajagopalan, B; Su, W; Tulowitzki, R, 2019)
"Metabolic acidosis is often observed in advanced chronic kidney disease, with deleterious consequences on the nutritional status, bone and mineral status, inflammation and mortality."	1.43	Con: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective. ( Chauveau, P; Combe, C; Rigothier, C, 2016)
"Chronic metabolic acidosis is common in dialysis patients."	1.43	Pro: Higher serum bicarbonate in dialysis patients is protective. ( Misra, M, 2016)
"Metabolic acidosis is a common feature in chronic renal failure patients, worsening progressively as renal function declines."	1.42	Association between serum bicarbonate and pH with depression, cognition and sleep quality in hemodialysis patients. ( Afsar, B; Elsurer, R, 2015)
"Nausea was associated with higher saliva sodium levels (p < 0."	1.40	Saliva composition and upper gastrointestinal symptoms in chronic kidney disease. ( Manley, KJ, 2014)
"Bixalomer (Bix) is an amine-functional polymer, non-calcium-containing phosphate (P) binder, and has been clinically available in Japan recently."	1.40	Treatment of hyperphosphatemia with bixalomer in Japanese patients on long-term hemodialysis with gastrointestinal symptoms. ( Ito, K; Kumata, C; Matsuzaka, K; Nakajima, Y; Ogata, H; Shishido, K; Takeshima, A; Wakasa, M, 2014)
"Metabolic acidosis is common among chronic HD patients and is associated with survival."	1.39	Cytokine secretion and markers of inflammation in relation to acidosis among chronic hemodialysis patients. ( Bergman, M; Bessler, H; Gafter, U; Levy-Drummer, RS; Ori, Y; Salman, H; Zingerman, B, 2013)
"Uremic metabolic acidosis is only partially corrected in many hemodialysis patients, and low serum bicarbonate predicts higher death risk."	1.39	Dialysis modality and correction of uremic metabolic acidosis: relationship with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. ( Kalantar-Zadeh, K; Mehrotra, R; Molnar, MZ; Torlén, K; Vashistha, T, 2013)
"Protein from plant, as opposed to animal, sources may be preferred in chronic kidney disease (CKD) because of the lower bioavailability of phosphate and lower nonvolatile acid load."	1.38	Plant protein intake is associated with fibroblast growth factor 23 and serum bicarbonate levels in patients with chronic kidney disease: the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study. ( Anderson, CA; Appel, LJ; Bazzano, LA; Cuevas, M; Glenn, MJ; Kallem, RR; Lustigova, E; Miller, ER; Porter, AC; Scialla, JJ; Sozio, SM; Townsend, RR; Weir, MR; Wolf, M; Yang, W; Zhang, X, 2012)
"Patients with CKD/ESRD exhibit dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system tone manifesting as a failure to increase HRV during wakefulness and sleep."	1.36	Abnormal nocturnal heart rate variability response among chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients during wakefulness and sleep. ( Argyropoulos, C; Chan, CT; Hall, M; Hotchkiss, JR; Ranpuria, R; Roumelioti, ME; Unruh, ML, 2010)
"Acidosis is a common and deleterious aspect of maintenance dialysis."	1.35	Characterization of acid-base status in maintenance hemodialysis: physicochemical approach. ( Daher, EF; de Castro, MC; Libório, AB, 2008)
"Intradialytic hypotension is a common complication of dialysis and it is more common with acetate dialysate."	1.33	Intradialytic changes of serum magnesium and their relation to hypotensive episodes in hemodialysis patients on different dialysates. ( Elsharkawy, MM; Youssef, AM; Zayoon, MY, 2006)
"Metabolic acidosis is a major metabolic abnormality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and alkali is provided with dialysis treatment to patients on chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) to keep their acid-base balance within normal serum HCO3- levels."	1.33	Predictive factors of low HCO3- levels in peritoneal dialysis patients. ( Bargman, JM; Jassal, V; Kasimatis, E; Maksich, D; Oreopoulos, DG, 2005)
"Patients with acute renal failure or chronic renal failure treated with renal replacement therapy were excluded from this study."	1.32	[Prevalence of anemia, calcium-phosphorus abnormalities and metabolic acidosis in different stages of chronic renal failure]. ( Chudek, J; Kokot, F; Kopeć, P; Kukla, M; Mamcarz, E; Wiecek, A; Wnuk, Z; Zarzecki, M, 2004)
"Metabolic acidosis is a consequence of chronic renal failure and it may produce bone demineralization, muscle proteolysis, and progression of chronic renal failure."	1.32	Calcium citrate ameliorates the progression of chronic renal injury. ( Boggia, J; Ferreiro, A; Gadola, L; García, S; Márquez, MN; Musto, ML; Nin, N; Noboa, O; Ortega, V; Pizarrosa, C; Ponte, P; Ravaglio, S; Rodriguez, MJ; Sesser, P; Vallega, A, 2004)
"Many end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients get their first nephrologic care under critical clinical conditions and without previous diagnosis of chronic renal failure (CRF), a situation even worse than the late referral of CRF patients for nephrologic treatment."	1.32	Risk factors for hospital death of patients with end-stage renal disease without previous diagnosis of severe chronic renal failure arriving in an emergency situation at the hospital. ( Abdulkader, RC; Burdmann, EA; Oliveira, GM; Zanetta, DM, 2003)
"Metabolic acidosis is common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)."	1.32	Nutritional effects of delivered bicarbonate dose in maintenance hemodialysis patients. ( Bigelow, C; Blair, D; Sweet, SJ, 2003)
"Metabolic acidosis is a known complication of chronic renal failure."	1.31	[Acid-base balance in haemodialyzed patients]. ( Hrabcáková, P; Molcányiová, A; Mydlík, M, 2002)
"Insulin resistance was examined in 19 non-diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) before and after dialysis therapy (HD, n=10; CAPD, n=9), as well as in 10 healthy controls using the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic glucose clamp technique."	1.31	Impact of dialysis therapy on insulin resistance in end-stage renal disease: comparison of haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. ( Ikeda, T; Kobayashi, S; Maejima, S; Nagase, M, 2000)
"In patients with chronic renal failure a significantly negative correlation between sodium-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchanger and the serum creatinine concentration (r = -0."	1.30	Sodium-dependent Cl-/HCO3- exchange in patients with chronic renal failure: correlation with renal function. ( Nesbit, O; Tepel, M; Tokmak, F; Zidek, W, 1998)
"We measured the quality of life of 21 ESRD patients before and after 6 months of exposure to treatment with high-efficiency hemodialysis with bicarbonate (HEHD/bicarbonate)."	1.30	Changes in the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease treated with high-efficiency bicarbonate hemodialysis in Mexico. ( Arredondo, A; Calderon, C; De Icaza, E; Hernandez, G, 1997)
" The final composition of reinfusate at the drip-chamber, combined with the above dialysate, allowed a negative intradialytic mass balance for Na, K, Mg and a positive one for Ca, acetate, to maintain prepostdialytic plasma values of these ions as well as bicarbonate close to normal limits."	1.29	New reinfusate composition in high UF haemodiafiltration: electrolyte solution combined with bicarbonate. ( Baldin, C; Calabrese, G; Gonella, M; Mazzotta, A; Pratesi, G; Vagelli, G, 1993)
"The effect of correction of acidosis in chronic renal failure (CRF) was determined from the kinetics of infused L-[1-13C]leucine."	1.29	Correction of acidosis in humans with CRF decreases protein degradation and amino acid oxidation. ( Channon, SM; Daley, SE; Goodship, TH; Reaich, D; Scrimgeour, CM; Wilkinson, R, 1993)
"Patients with chronic kidney failure have an increased incidence of gastrointestinal complications, particularly bleeding from the stomach."	1.29	Gastric intramucosal acidosis in patients with chronic kidney failure. ( Abu-Hamdan, D; Diebel, L; Kozol, R; Mahajan, S; Thomas, D; Wilson, RF, 1993)
"In severe chronic renal failure (CRF) with associated metabolic acidosis, abnormalities in protein metabolism and amino acid (AA) profiles in the fed state are well described."	1.29	Amino acid profiles and muscle protein composition in rats with a reduced renal mass in the fed state. ( Baker, F; Bevington, A; Brown, J; Cupisti, A; Harris, KP; Lock, C; Walls, J, 1996)
"In patients with chronic renal failure even without clinical signs of pancreatic, laboratory findings of exocrine pancreatic abnormalities are reported."	1.29	[Exocrine pancreatic function and gastric mucosa and duodenal mucosa in patients with chronic kidney failure]. ( Cecerko, E; Kemona, A; Mazerska, M; Małyszko, J; Raimer, M; Romatowski, J; Sosnowski, S, 1996)
"Metabolic acidosis has been recently recognized as an important comorbid event in the high mortality rates seen in patients with end-stage renal disease."	1.29	The magnitude of metabolic acidosis is dependent on differences in bicarbonate assays. ( Bray, SH; Jones, ER; Tung, RL, 1996)
"Metabolic acidosis has been shown to alter vitamin D metabolism."	1.29	Influence of metabolic acidosis on serum 1,25(OH)2D3 levels in chronic renal failure. ( Chyr, SH; Lin, SH; Lu, KC; Shieh, SD; Yu, FC, 1995)
" No significant difference in 1-alpha-OH-D3 dosage or serum 1,25(OH)2D3 was found between the genders in the study period."	1.29	Changes in bone mineral content during long-term CAPD. Indication of a sex-dependent bone mineral loss. ( Lyhne, N; Pedersen, FB, 1995)
"Distal renal tubular acidosis was associated with chronic renal failure of different severity and with tubulointerstitial diseases in the two-third of patients in whom histologic studies were also performed."	1.29	[Clinical spectrum of distal renal tubular acidosis and its study with bicarbonate loading]. ( Pató, E; Radó, J, 1994)
"Stimulation was also observed in 5 non-ESRD patient cell cultures, and no effect occurred in 2 cases."	1.29	Dialysis solutions buffered with lactate or bicarbonate: in vitro comparison of two dialysis solutions on human peritoneal cell growth from ESRD and non-ESRD patients. ( Bastide, JM; Bastide, M; Fougeray, S; Mion, C; Slingeneyer, A, 1994)
"24 patients with stable chronic renal failure (CRF), matched for degree of renal impairment, were also studied."	1.29	Differentiation of acute from chronic renal impairment by detection of carbamylated haemoglobin. ( Astley, JP; Davenport, A; Goel, S; Hartog, M; Jones, SR, 1993)
"Two patients with lactic acidosis are described, along with our experience using CAVHD and citrate in other clinical settings."	1.28	Lactic acidosis treated with continuous hemodiafiltration and regional citrate anticoagulation. ( Galishoff, M; Kirschbaum, B; Reines, HD, 1992)
"In 20 patients with chronic renal failure on a hemodialysis with acetate-containing dialysing fluid gasometric, ventilation and breathing patterns disturbances were determined."	1.28	[Effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) pressure on minute ventilation, parameters of gas exchange and blood gases during hemodialysis using fluid containing acetate and bicarbonate buffers]. ( Wanic-Kossowska, M, 1992)
"A patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) developed metabolic alkalosis and alkalemia from protracted vomiting."	1.28	Hypoventilation in a dialysis patient with severe metabolic alkalosis: treatment by hemodialysis. ( Blank, MJ; Lew, SQ, 1991)
"In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) given acetate (n = 55) and bicarbonate (n = 45) hemodialysis, the dynamics of the progress of uremia symptoms estimated in marks, the index of the lean body weight, the rate of urea generation, the magnitudes of the dialysis indices according to creatinine and urea, TACur and TADur were studied on a monthly basis for many years."	1.28	[The course of chronic kidney failure during acetate and bicarbonate hemodialysis]. ( Shostka, GD; T'iagi, S, 1991)
"In 26 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis, use was made of an acetate solution (40 mmol/l) and in 7 patients, of a bicarbonate solution (35 mmol/l)."	1.28	[The effect of acetate and bicarbonate hemodialysis on protein and lipid metabolism in patients with chronic kidney failure]. ( Kozlov, VV; Kulikova, AI; Rumiantsev, ASh; Shostka, GD; Smirnov, AV; T'iagi, S, 1990)
"Patients with stable chronic renal failure maintained on protein restriction were given sodium bicarbonate supplementation for 8 weeks."	1.28	The metabolic consequences of the correction of acidosis in uraemia. ( Baker, F; Bennett, SE; Burton, PR; Jenkins, D; Walls, J, 1989)
"Peritonitis is the main cause of drop out (22%), while loss of peritoneal membrane efficiency accounts for 7%, patient's choice 14%, catheter complications 14%, inability to cope 8%, clinical problems 20% and other reasons 15%."	1.28	CAPD in a large population: a 7-year experience. ( Belardi, P; Beltrame, G; Boero, R; Bonello, F; Guarena, C; Maffei, S; Piccoli, G; Quarello, F; Scalzo, B, 1989)
"Acetate-induced hypoxemia was associated with reduced respiratory CO2 excretion and hypoventilation but PaCO2 did not change."	1.28	Pulmonary gas exchange during dialysis in patients with obstructive lung disease. ( Diamond, SM; Henrich, WL; Pitcher, WD, 1989)
"In patients with chronic renal failure Hb A1 highly correlates with arterial blood pH and plasma bicarbonate, thus emphasizing the major role played by uremic acidosis in the increased Hb A1 fraction in chronic renal failure."	1.27	More on the increase of hemoglobin A1 in chronic renal failure: the role of acidosis. ( Basile, A; Cecchin, E; De Marchi, S; Donadon, W; Lippi, U; Quaia, P; Tesio, F, 1983)
"The acidosis of chronic renal failure is not due to bicarbonate wastage per se; rather, bicarbonate reabsorption per nephron is markedly enhanced."	1.27	The acidosis of chronic renal failure. ( Sabatini, S, 1983)
"Patients with chronic renal failure requiring maintenance hemodialysis at the end of pregnancy are not as uncommon as pregnant women previously treated by this therapy."	1.27	[Preventive hemodialysis using a bath rich in bicarbonates in a pregnant woman with chronic kidney failure]. ( André, M; Beuve Méry, P; Muller, G; Ryckelynck, JP, 1983)
"A canine model for chronic renal failure and bladder augmentation with a segment of stomach or sigmoid colon (or control) was developed to evaluate the possible benefit of net chloride ion excretion noted in an earlier canine model for gastrocystoplasty."	1.27	Chronic renal failure and bladder augmentation: stomach versus sigmoid colon in the canine model. ( Adams, MC; Kennedy, HA; McNulty, A; Mitchell, ME; Piser, JA; Rink, RC, 1988)
"Fourteen patients with chronic renal failure were studied during two successive dialysis treatments for which either acetate or bicarbonate were used as a buffer anion in the dialysate."	1.27	Effects of acetate during regular hemodialysis. ( Bahner, U; Burghardt, W; Heidland, A; Kasper, H; Keller, F; Kortmann, B; Scheppach, W; Teschner, M, 1988)
"Patients with chronic renal failure were investigated, immediately before dialysis and during haemodialysis for central and systemic haemodynamic parameters."	1.27	Haemodynamic state in severe chronic renal failure. Pathophysiological aspects of cardiovascular function and the importance of bicarbonate dialysis. ( Hampl, H; Kessel, M; Schäfer, GE, 1985)
"A severe metabolic acidosis was produced in a patient with chronic renal failure by hemodialysis using a sorbent system to regenerate bicarbonate dialysate with an initial bicarbonate concentration of 60 mEq/L."	1.27	An unsuspected cause for metabolic acidosis in chronic renal failure: sorbent system hemodialysis. ( Brezis, M; Brown, RS, 1985)
"Chronic and acute renal failure are associated with increased buffering capacity, which is dependent on the presence of parathyroid glands."	1.26	Parathyroid hormone and extrarenal acid buffering. ( Alla, V; Arruda, JA; Batlle, DC; Cruz-Soto, M; Kurtzman, NA; Rubinstein, H; Sabatini, S, 1980)
"A primary respiratory alkalosis was also present in several patients."	1.26	Acid-base balance in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. ( Cupit, M; Haff, AC; Reichard, GA; Schleifer, CR; Sigler, MH; Teehan, BP, 1980)
"To determine the cause of the hypoxemia, we studied and compared the ventilatory, gas-exchange and blood-gas responses in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis with acetate and bicarbonate dialysis solutions."	1.26	Pathogenesis of dialysis-induced hypoxemia. ( Davidson, WD; Dolan, MJ; Wasserman, K; Weitzman, RE; Whipp, BJ, 1982)
"In 20 patients suffering from chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (CRFH) the pure pancreatic juice (PPJ) collected via endoscopic cannulation of the papilla was studied."	1.26	[Modifications of pure pancreatic secretion in patients with chronic renal failure treated by hemodialysis (author's transl)]. ( Frayssinet, R; Multigner, L; Murisasco, A; Sahel, J; Saingra, S; Sarles, H, 1981)
"Phenformin treatment should be avoided in case of renal and/or liver insufficiency."	1.25	Phenformin-induced lactic acidosis in diabetic patients. ( Assan, R; Attali, JR; Girard, JR; Heuclin, C; LeMaire, F, 1975)
"In patients with chronic renal failure, NaHCO3 therapy may correct or prevent acidemia."	1.25	NaHCO3 and NaC1 tolerance in chronic renal failure. ( Husted, FC; Maher, JF; Nolph, KD, 1975)
"The results show that most patients with chronic renal failure require about 0."	1.25	Nitrogen balance in patients with chronic renal failure on diets containing varying quantities of protein. ( De Wardener, HE; Ford, J; Luck, VA; Phillips, ME; Toye, FE, 1969)

Research

Studies (552)

Authors

Clinical Trials (20)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Peridialytic Arterialized Blood Acetate Concentrations

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	245 (44.38)	18.7374
1990's	116 (21.01)	18.2507
2000's	82 (14.86)	29.6817
2010's	86 (15.58)	24.3611
2020's	23 (4.17)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Fukasawa, H	1
Kaneko, M	1
Uchiyama, Y	1
Yasuda, H	1
Furuya, R	1
Ahmad, H	1
Wertin, T	1
Zhang, Y	1
Neher, JO	1
Auten, B	1
Moghari, L	1
Taghizadeh, M	1
Soleimani, A	1
Akbari, H	1
Sharifi, N	1
Wieliczko, M	1
Małyszko, J	2
Sridhar, NR	1
Chen, Z	1
Yu, G	1
Lambert, J	2
Muscarella, M	2
Nanjundegowda, M	1
Panesar, M	2
Bossola, M	4
Monteburini, T	3
Parodi, E	3
Santarelli, S	3
Sirolli, V	3
Cenerelli, S	3
Bonomini, M	4
de Ninno, G	3
di Stasio, E	3
Law, S	2
Davenport, A	4
Pietribiasi, M	1
Waniewski, J	1
Leypoldt, JK	1
Masy, V	1
Sokal, E	1
Ranguelov, N	1
Brichard, B	1
Laterre, PF	1
Hantson, P	1
Potier, J	1
Dolley-Hitze, T	1
Hamel, D	1
Landru, I	1
Cardineau, E	1
Queffeulou, G	1
Zagdoun, E	1
Renaudineau, E	1
Molinari, N	1
Gamon, L	1
Morena, M	1
Cristol, JP	1
Canaud, B	7
Yigit, Y	1
Sengul, E	1
Sengul, A	1
Eroglu, D	1
Ozturk, Z	1
Masuyama, S	1
Nagatoya, K	1
Kawaoka, T	1
Kawanishi, S	1
Nomi, H	1
Warada, A	1
Tokuyama, A	1
Haga, R	1
Mori, D	1
Yamauchi, A	1
Modak, R	1
Srivastava, SL	1
Thakur, RK	1
Anand, R	1
Neves, PDMM	1
Sesso, RCC	1
Thomé, FS	1
Lugon, JR	2
Nasicmento, MM	1
Neri, L	1
Bellocchio, F	1
Kircelli, F	1
Jirka, T	1
Levannier, M	1
Guillaume, J	1
Attaf, D	1
Barbieri, C	1
Garbelli, M	1
Stuard, S	1
Chazot, C	1
Couchoud, C	1
Hannedouche, T	1
Bauwens, M	1
Ecochard, R	1
Lassalle, M	1
Frimat, L	1
Choukroun, G	1
Lobbedez, T	2
Kajimoto, S	1
Sakaguchi, Y	1
Asahina, Y	1
Kaimori, JY	1
Isaka, Y	1
Piccapane, F	1
Castellano, G	1
Gerbino, A	1
Carmosino, M	1
Svelto, M	1
Arduini, A	1
Procino, G	1
Gennari, FJ	8
Sargent, JA	2
Komatsuzaki, Y	1
Ikeda, M	1
Shimizu, A	1
Matsuo, N	1
Maruyama, Y	1
Yokoo, T	1
Yamamoto, H	1
Joki, N	1
Ando, R	1
Inaguma, D	1
Yamaka, T	1
Nakayama, M	1
Koiwa, F	2
Kawamoto, S	2
Negi, S	1
Shigematsu, T	2
Galindo, RJ	1
Pasquel, FJ	1
Vellanki, P	1
Zambrano, C	1
Albury, B	1
Perez-Guzman, C	1
Ziduo, Z	1
Umpierrez, GE	1
Tantisattamo, E	1
Murray, V	1
Obi, Y	1
Park, C	1
Catabay, CJ	1
Lee, Y	1
Wenziger, C	1
Hsiung, JT	1
Soohoo, M	1
Kleine, CE	1
Rhee, CM	2
Kraut, J	1
Kovesdy, CP	2
Kalantar-Zadeh, K	4
Streja, E	1
George, K	1
Upadhyay, AD	1
Subbiah, AK	1
Yadav, RK	1
Mahajan, S	2
Bhowmik, D	1
Agarwal, SK	1
Bagchi, S	1
Fauziah, K	1
Go, KW	1
Ghazali, A	2
Zaki, M	1
Lim, TO	1
Smith, WB	1
Gibson, S	2
Newman, GE	1
Hendon, KS	1
Askelson, M	1
Zhao, J	1
Hantash, J	1
Flanagan, B	1
Larkin, JW	1
Usvyat, LA	2
Thadhani, RI	1
Maddux, FW	2
Farhat, K	1
van Ittersum, FJ	1
Ter Wee, PM	3
Paauw, NJ	1
Beelen, RHJ	1
Douma, CE	1
Liu, XY	1
Gao, XM	1
Zhang, N	1
Chen, R	1
Wu, F	1
Tao, XC	1
Li, CJ	1
Zhang, P	1
Yu, P	1
Molfino, A	1
Beck, GJ	2
Li, M	1
Lo, JC	1
Kaysen, GA	2
Basile, C	6
Rossi, L	1
Lomonte, C	3
Hoshino, T	1
Kaneko, S	1
Minato, S	1
Yanai, K	1
Mutsuyoshi, Y	1
Ishii, H	1
Kitano, T	1
Shindo, M	1
Miyazawa, H	1
Aomatsu, A	1
Ito, K	2
Ueda, Y	1
Hirai, K	1
Ookawara, S	1
Morishita, Y	1
Havlin, J	2
Vankova, S	1
Cherukuri, S	1
Bajo, M	1
Colussi, G	1
Corciulo, R	1
Fessi, H	1
Ficheux, M	2
Slon, M	1
Weinhandl, E	1
Borman, N	1
Chou, JA	1
Krahn, RE	1
Tulowitzki, R	1
Gudleski, GD	1
Murray, B	1
Rajagopalan, B	1
Su, W	1
Curtis, AB	1
Wong, MMY	1
Thijssen, S	2
Wang, Y	1
Xiao, Q	1
Kotanko, P	2
Banerjee, T	1
Crews, DC	1
Wesson, DE	2
McCulloch, CE	1
Johansen, KL	1
Saydah, S	1
Rios Burrows, N	1
Saran, R	1
Gillespie, B	1
Bragg-Gresham, J	1
Powe, NR	1
Zou, LX	1
Sun, L	2
Deng, N	1
Han, YC	1
Ori, Y	1
Bergman, M	1
Bessler, H	1
Zingerman, B	1
Levy-Drummer, RS	1
Gafter, U	1
Salman, H	1
Dobre, M	1
Yang, W	2
Chen, J	1
Drawz, P	1
Hamm, LL	2
Horwitz, E	1
Hostetter, T	1
Jaar, B	1
Lora, CM	1
Nessel, L	1
Ojo, A	1
Scialla, J	1
Steigerwalt, S	1
Teal, V	1
Wolf, M	2
Rahman, M	1
Koda, R	1
Imanishi, Y	1
Yoshino, A	1
Kazama, JJ	2
Narita, I	1
Takeda, T	1
Paglialonga, F	1
Lopopolo, A	1
Scarfia, RV	1
Galli, MA	1
Consolo, S	1
Brivio, A	1
Grassi, MR	1
Salera, S	1
Edefonti, A	1
Geiger, H	1
Jung, O	1
Checheriţă, IA	2
David, C	2
Ciocâlteu, A	1
Lascăr, I	1
Budală, L	1
Thet, Z	1
Win, AK	1
Pedagogos, E	1
Beavis, J	1
Crikis, S	1
Nelson, C	1
Rocha, AD	1
Padua, VC	1
Oliveira, E	1
Guimaraes, MM	1
Strogoff de Matos, JP	1
Locatelli, F	2
Altieri, P	2
Andrulli, S	1
Sau, G	1
Bolasco, P	2
Pedrini, LA	2
David, S	2
Gazzanelli, L	2
Tampieri, G	1
Isola, E	1
Marzolla, O	1
Memoli, B	1
Ganadu, M	2
Reina, E	1
Bertoli, S	1
Ferrara, R	2
Casu, D	2
Logias, F	1
Tarchini, R	1
Mattana, G	2
Passaghe, M	2
Fundoni, G	1
Villa, G	3
Di Iorio, BR	1
Pontoriero, G	1
Zoccali, C	2
Manley, KJ	1
Nicholas, J	1
Shaw, C	1
Pitcher, D	2
Dawnay, A	2
Pruthi, R	2
Maxwell, H	1
Casula, A	1
Braddon, F	1
Lewis, M	1
O'Brien, C	1
Stojanovic, J	1
Tse, Y	1
Inward, C	1
Sinha, MD	1
Lisawat, P	1
Takeshima, A	1
Shishido, K	1
Wakasa, M	1
Kumata, C	1
Matsuzaka, K	1
Nakajima, Y	1
Ogata, H	1
Bales, AM	1
Moysés, RM	2
dos Reis, LM	1
Graciolli, FG	1
Hung, J	1
Martins Castro, MC	1
Elias, RM	2
Sánchez-Canel, JJ	1
Hernández-Jaras, J	1
Pons-Prades, R	1
Matousovic, K	1
Schück, O	1
Marano, M	3
Silva, BC	1
Freitas, GR	1
Silva, VB	1
Abensur, H	1
Luders, C	1
Pereira, BJ	1
de Oliveira, RB	1
Castro, MC	1
Dębowska, M	1
Niemczyk, L	1
Hung, AM	1
Hakim, RM	3
Afsar, B	1
Elsurer, R	1
Schutte, E	1
Lambers Heerspink, HJ	1
Lutgers, HL	1
Bakker, SJ	1
Vart, P	1
Wolffenbuttel, BH	1
Umanath, K	1
Lewis, JB	1
de Zeeuw, D	1
Gansevoort, RT	1
Chang, TI	1
Kang, EW	1
Kim, HW	1
Ryu, GW	1
Park, CH	1
Park, JT	1
Yoo, TH	1
Shin, SK	1
Kang, SW	1
Choi, KH	1
Han, DS	1
Han, SH	1
Ortiz, Pde S	1
Ramón, MA	1
Pérez-García, R	2
Prats, EC	1
Cobo, PA	1
Arroyo, RA	1
Díaz, MO	1
Carretero, MP	1
Borrelli, S	1
Zamboli, P	1
Marano, S	1
Melamed, ML	1
Buttar, RS	1
Coco, M	1
Misra, M	1
Chauveau, P	6
Rigothier, C	1
Combe, C	5
Pena-Polanco, JE	1
Fried, LF	1
Benabed, A	1
Henri, P	1
Goffin, E	1
Baluta, S	1
Benziane, A	1
Rachi, A	1
van der Pijl, JW	1
Bechade, C	1
Abramowitz, MK	1
Djuric, PS	1
Jankovic, A	1
Popovic, J	1
Tosic Dragovic, J	1
Bulatovic, A	1
Djuric, Z	1
Mitrovic, M	1
Dimkovic, N	1
Guido, M	1
Zizza, A	1
Tumolo, MR	1
Stefanelli, G	1
D'Alba, M	1
Idolo, A	1
Bagordo, F	1
Serio, F	1
Grassi, T	1
DE Donno, A	1
Bover, J	1
Voiculet, C	1
Peride, I	1
Petcu, LC	1
Niculae, A	1
Covic, A	2
McGill, RL	1
Weiner, DE	1
Libório, AB	2
Daher, EF	2
de Castro, MC	1
Moore, I	1
Bhat, R	1
Hoenich, NA	2
Kilner, AJ	1
Prabhu, M	1
Orr, KE	1
Kanagasundaram, NS	1
Chiu, YW	1
Kopple, JD	1
Mehrotra, R	2
Leal, VO	1
Delgado, AG	1
Leite, M	2
Mitch, WE	1
Mafra, D	1
Movilli, E	1
Viola, BF	1
Camerini, C	1
Mazzola, G	1
Cancarini, GC	1
Segall, L	1
Mardare, NG	1
Ungureanu, S	1
Busuioc, M	1
Nistor, I	1
Enache, R	1
Marian, S	1
Rao, R	1
Ansell, D	1
Gilg, JA	1
Davies, SJ	1
Lamb, EJ	1
Tomson, CR	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Acid-Base Composition With Use of hemoDialysates: the ABChD Trial[NCT02334267]		11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-30	Completed
Prospective Cohort Study of Chronic Renal Insufficiency[NCT00304148]		5,499 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2003-07-31	Active, not recruiting
Mechanisms of Muscle Blood Flow Dysregulation and Exercise Intolerance in Chronic Kidney Disease[NCT02664519]		32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Terminated (stopped due to No funding support and not adequate number of subjects are recruited for the study)
Effects of Convective Therapies in Dialysis Patients[NCT01583309]	Phase 3	146 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
Smell, Taste, Salivary Flow, and Oral Health in Patient Receiving Dialysis: A Before and After Study[NCT04401358]		75 participants (Actual)	Observational	2020-05-04	Completed
Expanded Hemodialysis Versus Online Hemodiafiltration: a Pilot Study on Intradialytic Hemodynamics and Fluid Status[NCT03274518]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-13	Completed
Development of a Mathematical Model for the Evaluation of the Potassium Kinetic During and After Hemodialysis for the Potassium Profiling in the Dialysate to Prevent Arrhythmias[NCT04563091]		6 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-11-15	Recruiting
Observational Study to Assess pH and Hypoxia During Haemodialysis[NCT04501159]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2021-05-01	Recruiting
Contribution of Body Composition Monitor (BCM) Among Patients Using Daily Home Dialysis With Low Dialysate Flow : French Study Cohort[NCT03994133]		85 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-06-01	Recruiting
A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial: Effects of Oral Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation in Patients on Haemodialysis[NCT02692378]	Phase 4	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Completed
Alkaline Diet for Insulin Sensitivity[NCT02501343]		32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Calcium Mass Balance and Dialytic Efficiency of a New cITRate-containing and Acetate-free Dialysis flUidS: CITRUS Study[NCT02848937]		62 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2013-03-31	Recruiting
Randomized, Long-Term Administration of pH-Neutral PD Solutions Containing Lactate (BALANCE) or Bicarbonate (BICAVERA) in Children[NCT01632046]	Phase 4	42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Comparison of Nicotinamide and Sevelamer Hydrochloride on Phosphatemia Control on Chronic Hemodialysed Patients[NCT01011699]	Phase 3	176 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Terminated (stopped due to Financial problem)
Ischemic Preconditioning for Prevention of Contrast Nephropathy in The Emergency Department: Randomised, Double Blind Clinical Trial[NCT03238391]		350 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-08-15	Not yet recruiting
Hemodynamic Effects of Low vs. High Dialysate Temperature or Bicarbonate Concentration in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients[NCT05052151]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-08-25	Completed
Sodium Bicarbonate to Treat Severe Acidosis in the Critically Ill : A Multiple Center Randomized Clinical Trial (BICAR-ICU)[NCT02476253]	Phase 3	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-05-05	Recruiting
Evaluation of Filters Useful Life, Metabolic Control, Electrolyte Profile and Acid-base Balance During Regional Anticoagulation With 4% Trisodium Citrate in Patients Undergoing CVVHDF: Effects of Increased Blood Flow[NCT05796661]		27 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-01-09	Recruiting
The Impact of a Biocompatible Peritoneal Dialysis Solution (Delflex Neutral pH) on Mesothelial Cell Viability and Peritoneal Transport[NCT01292863]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Withdrawn (stopped due to Study was modified to in vitro design and no longer involves participants)
Novel Biomarkers of Erythropoietin Resistant Anemia Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease[NCT00526747]		32 participants (Actual)	Observational	2007-08-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Quantification of Peridialytic Arterialized Blood Acetate Concentrations (NCT02334267)
Timeframe: Immediately prior to initiation of hemodialysis, and 25, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 minutes of hemodialysis and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes post hemodialysis

Peridialytic Arterialized Blood Bicarbonate Concentrations

Intervention	mmol/L (Mean)
	Pre-dialysis	25 min of dialysis	60 min of dialysis	90 min of dialysis	120 min of dialysis	150 min of dialysis	180 min of dialysis	210 min of dialysis	240 min of dialysis	15 min post-dialysis	30 min post-dialysis	45 min post-dialysis	60 min post-dialysis	75 min post-dialysis	90 min post-dialysis
GranuFlo	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.4	0.4
NaturaLyte	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.4

Quantification of Peridialytic Arterialized Blood Bicarbonate Concentrations (NCT02334267)
Timeframe: Immediately prior to initiation of hemodialysis, and 25, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 minutes of hemodialysis and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes post hemodialysis

Peridialytic Venous Blood Acetate Concentrations

Intervention	mEq/l (Mean)
	Pre-dialysis	25 min of dialysis	60 min of dialysis	90 min of dialysis	120 min of dialysis	150 min of dialysis	180 min of dialysis	210 min of dialysis	240 min of dialysis	15 min post-dialysis	30 min post-dialysis	45 min post-dialysis	60 min post-dialysis	75 min post-dialysis	90 min post-dialysis
GranuFlo	25.7	27.2	28.9	29.2	29.3	29.2	29.6	30.1	30.2	30.8	30.9	31.2	31.4	31.6	31.2
NaturaLyte	27.1	27.4	28.4	28.6	28.3	28.3	28.3	29.1	28.8	29.9	29.8	29.8	30.5	29.6	29.8

Quantification of Peridialytic Venous Blood Acetate Concentrations (NCT02334267)
Timeframe: 25, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 minutes of hemodialysis

Peridialytic Venous Blood Bicarbonate Concentrations

Intervention	mmol/L (Mean)
	25 min of dialysis	60 min of dialysis	90 min of dialysis	120 min of dialysis	150 min of dialysis	180 min of dialysis	210 min of dialysis	240 min of dialysis
GranuFlo	1.7	1.6	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.7
NaturaLyte	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2

Quantification of Peridialytic Venous Blood Bicarbonate Concentrations (NCT02334267)
Timeframe: 25, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240 minutes of hemodialysis

Fluid Status

Intervention	mEq/l (Mean)
	25 min of dialysis	60 min of dialysis	90 min of dialysis	120 min of dialysis	150 min of dialysis	180 min of dialysis	210 min of dialysis	240 min of dialysis
GranuFlo	29.4	30.7	30.2	30.7	30.8	31.0	30.3	30.6
NaturaLyte	30.8	30.7	31.2	30.6	30.4	31.3	31.0	30.9

noninvasive assessment of extracellular and total body water (NCT03274518)
Timeframe: One month after starting protocol

Intradialytic Hemodynamics

Intervention	liter/liter (Mean)
Online Hemodiafiltration	0.39
Expanded Hemodialysis	0.385

noninvasive cardiac output assessment (NCT03274518)
Timeframe: Cardiac output (liters per minute) one month after starting protocol

Medium Molecule Clearance

Intervention	l/min (Median)
Online Hemodiafiltration	-1.3
Expanded Hemodialysis	-1.4

Beta-2-Microglobulin clearance (NCT03274518)
Timeframe: One month after starting protocol

Medium Molecule Removal

Intervention	ml/min (Median)
Online Hemodiafiltration	53
Expanded Hemodialysis	59.5

Beta-2-Microglobulin extraction (NCT03274518)
Timeframe: One month after starting protocol

Article	Year
The effect of changing dialysate bicarbonate concentration on serum bicarbonate, body weight and normalized nitrogen appearance rate. Artificial organs, 2023, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Dialysis Solutions; Female;	2023
The effect of changing dialysate bicarbonate concentration on serum bicarbonate, body weight and normalized nitrogen appearance rate. Artificial organs, 2023, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Dialysis Solutions; Female;	2023
The effect of changing dialysate bicarbonate concentration on serum bicarbonate, body weight and normalized nitrogen appearance rate. Artificial organs, 2023, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Dialysis Solutions; Female;	2023
The effect of changing dialysate bicarbonate concentration on serum bicarbonate, body weight and normalized nitrogen appearance rate. Artificial organs, 2023, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alkalosis; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Dialysis Solutions; Female;	2023
Dialysate bicarbonate concentration: Too much of a good thing? Seminars in dialysis, 2018, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chron	2018
Dialysis Prescription and Sudden Death. Seminars in nephrology, 2018, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans;	2018
[Treatment of metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 2014, Volume: 67, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic	2014
Dialysate and serum potassium in hemodialysis. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Azithromycin; Bicarbonates; Black or African American; Calcium; Coronary	2015
CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder in Stage 4 and 5 CKD: What We Know Today? Advances in chronic kidney disease, 2016, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Bicarbonates; Chelating Agents; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder; Cinacalcet; Diet,	2016
Established and Emerging Strategies in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease. Seminars in nephrology, 2016, Volume: 36, Issue:4 Topics: Allopurinol; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Bicarbonate	2016
Bicarbonate Balance and Prescription in ESRD. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2017, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	2017
Dialysate Composition for Hemodialysis: Changes and Changing Risk. Seminars in dialysis, 2017, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Bicarbonates; Calcium; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kid	2017
Correction of metabolic acidosis to ameliorate wasting in chronic kidney disease: goals and strategies. Seminars in nephrology, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Protein-Energy Malnu	2009
Comparison of sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate: risk of metabolic acidosis and clinical implications. Pharmacotherapy, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Bicarbonates; Chelating Agents; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Clinical Trials as Top	2009
Automated regional citrate anticoagulation: technological barriers and possible solutions. Blood purification, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Automation; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Citric Acid; Equipment Design;	2010
Consequences and therapy of the metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2011, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Bicarbonates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic	2011
Progress toward novel treatments for chronic kidney disease. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2010, Volume: 20, Issue:5 Suppl Topics: Amides; Anticoagulants; Antihypertensive Agents; Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Enzyme Inhibitors; F	2010
Diet-induced metabolic acidosis. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2011, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Citric Acid; Die	2011
Protecting the peritoneal membrane: factors beyond peritoneal dialysis solutions. Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2012, Volume: 8, Issue:9 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Kidney	2012
Metabolic acidosis and kidney disease: does bicarbonate therapy slow the progression of CKD? Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Progression; Homeos	2012
Clinical effects of bicarbonate-based peritoneal fluid. Contributions to nephrology, 2003, Issue:140 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Follo	2003
Solution formulation for continuous flow peritoneal dialysis. Contributions to nephrology, 2003, Issue:140 Topics: Bicarbonates; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Dialysis Solutions; Glucose; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chroni	2003
Volume control in peritoneal dialysis patients: role of new dialysis solutions. Blood purification, 2004, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Blood Volume; Double-Blind Method; Glucans; Glucose; Glycation End Products,	2004
Beyond the membrane--the role of new PD solutions in enhancing global biocompatibility. Kidney international. Supplement, 2003, Issue:88 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Buffers; Dialysis Solutions; Glucose; Humans; Inflammation; K	2003
[Treatment of hyperphosphatemia with sevelamer in patients with chronic renal failure]. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 2004, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Drug	2004
[Protein and amino acid metabolism disorders in hemodialysis patients]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2004, Volume: 62 Suppl 6 Topics: Amino Acids; Bicarbonates; Dietary Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Erythropoietin; Exercise Therapy; Hi	2004
Recent advances in the prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy. Current opinion in critical care, 2004, Volume: 10, Issue:6 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Acute Kidney Injury; Bicarbonates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Contrast Media; Hemofil	2004
Metabolic acidosis of CKD: diagnosis, clinical characteristics, and treatment. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2005, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; beta 2-Microglobulin; Bicarbonates; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Chronic Kidn	2005
Novel dosage forms and regimens for sevelamer-based phosphate binders. Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation, 2006, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Dogs; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kinetics; Patient Complianc	2006
Reality of severe metformin-induced lactic acidosis in the absence of chronic renal impairment. The Netherlands journal of medicine, 2008, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Aged; Bicarbonates; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kidney Failure, Chronic;	2008
Factors affecting blood pressure in hemodialysis. Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. Supplementum, 1982, Volume: 69 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Blood; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular System; Carotid Sinus; He	1982
Acid-base regulation in peritoneal dialysis. Kidney international. Supplement, 1994, Volume: 48 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acid-Base Imbalance; Bicarbonates; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Dialysis Solutio	1994
Acetate-free biofiltration: state of the art. Contributions to nephrology, 1994, Volume: 108 Topics: Acetates; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Hemodiafiltration; Hemodialysis Solutions	1994
Bicarbonate: the alternative buffer for peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, 1996, Volume: 16 Suppl 1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Dialysis Solutions; Dose-Response	1996
Effect of different buffers on the biocompatibility of CAPD solutions. Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, 1996, Volume: 16 Suppl 1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cell Division; Cell Survival; Dialysis Solutions; Hist	1996
Medical and dialytic management of hyperkalemia in hemodialysis patients. The International journal of artificial organs, 1996, Volume: 19, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Bicarbonates; Calcium Gluconate; Glucose; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Kidney	1996
Peritoneal dialysis solution biocompatibility: inhibitory mechanisms and recent studies with bicarbonate-buffered solutions. Peritoneal dialysis international : journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, 1997, Volume: 17 Suppl 2 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Buffers; Dialysis Solutions; Epithelium; Humans; Kidney Failu	1997
Effectiveness and efficiency of methods of dialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease: systematic reviews. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 1998, Volume: 2, Issue:5 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cellulose; Costs and Cost Analysis; Dialysis Solutions; Efficiency;	1998
Metabolic acidosis and nutritional status of patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) The International journal of artificial organs, 1998, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Dietary Proteins; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lactic Acid; Nutritional	1998
Nitric oxide production with PMMA membrane. Contributions to nephrology, 1999, Volume: 125 Topics: Acetates; Animals; Apoptosis; Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; Cells, Cultured; Cellulose; Cyt	1999
Acidosis and nutrition. Kidney international. Supplement, 1999, Volume: 73 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Bone and Bones; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Nutrition Disorders; Protei	1999
Relationship of renal sodium and water transport to hydrogen ion secretion. Annual review of physiology, 1978, Volume: 40 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Aldosterone; Animals; Bicarbonates; Blood Volume; Calcium; Dogs; Glomerular F	1978
Renal tubular acidosis. Annual review of medicine, 1978, Volume: 29 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Biological Transport; Carbon	1978
[Tubular functional disorders in diseases of the renal parenchyma]. Die Medizinische Welt, 1979, Feb-09, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Gout; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperparathyroidism; Kidney Concentrating A	1979
Relationship between the kidney and parathyroid hormone. Nephron, 1975, Volume: 15, Issue:3-5 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Dihydroxycholecalciferols; Dogs; Glomerular F	1975
The metabolic acidosis of chronic renal failure: pathophysiology and treatment. Contributions to nephrology, 1992, Volume: 100 Topics: Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Calcium Carbonate; Diet; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney Failure,	1992
Renal failure in adult onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia with Fanconi syndrome: a family study and review of the literature. Clinical nephrology, 1991, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Child; Child, Preschool; Diabetes Complica	1991
[The effect of hemodialysis, using acetate and bicarbonate, on erythrocyte deformability]. Orvosi hetilap, 1991, Sep-22, Volume: 132, Issue:38 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Erythrocyte Deformability; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chr	1991
Renal ammonia and bicarbonate production in chronic renal failure. Mineral and electrolyte metabolism, 1990, Volume: 16, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Animals; Bicarbonates; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Glu	1990
[Water-electrolyte and acid-base imbalance. VI. Metabolic acidosis]. Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico, 1990, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis; Acidosis, Lactic; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Extracellular Space; Human	1990
Effect of bicarbonate administration on cardiac function. The American journal of medicine, 1989, Volume: 87, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Bicarbonates; Heart; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypotension; K	1989
The increment in the anion gap: overextension of a concept? Lancet (London, England), 1988, Oct-22, Volume: 2, Issue:8617 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Humans; Ketosis; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lactates	1988
[Type IV renal tubular acidosis]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1985, Volume: 43, Issue:9 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Aldosterone; Bicarbonates; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Ki	1985
Acetate metabolism during hemodialysis: metabolic considerations. American journal of nephrology, 1987, Volume: 7, Issue:5 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Renal Dialysis	1987
Bicarbonate dialysis--so what? Contributions to nephrology, 1985, Volume: 44 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Bone and Bones; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Hypotension;	1985
Disordered divalent ion metabolism in kidney disease: comments on pathogenesis and treatment. Kidney international, 1973, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Bicarbonates; Bone Resorption; Calcium; Cholecalciferol; Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Dis	1973
Dietary treatment of renal failure. American heart journal, 1973, Volume: 86, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Amino Acids; Bicarbonates; Diet Therapy; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Digitali	1973
Symposium on acid-base homeostasis. Renal acidosis. Kidney international, 1972, Volume: 1, Issue:5 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Acute Kidney Injury; Adrenal Insufficiency; Alkalies; Animals; Bicarbonates	1972
[Disturbance of acid-base balance in renal insufficiency]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1974, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Humans; Hydrogen; Ki	1974
[Disorders of water-electrolyte blaance in kidney diseases]. Der Landarzt, 1968, Oct-20, Volume: 44, Issue:29 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Acute Kidney Injury; Anuria; Bicarbonates; Chlorides	1968
Haemodialysis and tertiary hyperparathyrodism: renal homotransplantation and tubular dysfunction. Australasian annals of medicine, 1969, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adenoma; Adult; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anuria; Bicarbonates; Bone Diseases;	1969
[Advances in nephrology]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1969, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Ammonia; Bicarbonates; Endocarditis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic;	1969
[Special low-protein diets in treatment of chronic renal failure]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1971, Sep-01, Volume: 24, Issue:17 Topics: Acidosis; Amino Acids; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Diet Therapy; Dietary Proteins; Fibrinolyt	1971
Control of hydrogen ion homeostasis and renal acidosis. Medicine, 1971, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Ammonium Chloride; Bicarbonates; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; G	1971

Article	Year
A randomized cross-over study comparing the performance of HD integra™ central concentrate system versus pre-produced concentrate in hemodialysis. BMC nephrology, 2017, 04-03, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Cross-Over Studies; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic	2017
The dynamics of the metabolism of acetate and bicarbonate associated with use of hemodialysates in the ABChD trial: a phase IV, prospective, single center, single blind, randomized, cross-over, two week investigation. BMC nephrology, 2017, Aug-29, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Hemodialysis	2017
Oral Bicarbonate Slows Decline of Residual Renal Function in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Kidney & blood pressure research, 2017, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Midd	2017
Association between change in serum bicarbonate and change in thyroid hormone levels in patients receiving conventional or more frequent maintenance haemodialysis. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2019, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Biomarkers; Female; Hemodialysis, Home;	2019
Oral treatment of metabolic acidosis in hemodialyzed patients and the implications on the hemodynamic status. Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologie, 2013, Volume: 54, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up St	2013
Effects of citrate-enriched bicarbonate based dialysate on anticoagulation and dialyzer reuse in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis, 2014, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Blood Coagulation; Citric Acid; Cross-Over Studies; Di	2014
Phosphate levels in patients treated with low-flux haemodialysis, pre-dilution haemofiltration and haemodiafiltration: post hoc analysis of a multicentre, randomized and controlled trial. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2014, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Female; Hemodiafiltration; Hemofiltration; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chro	2014
A randomized controlled study on the effects of acetate-free biofiltration on organic anions and acid-base balance in hemodialysis patients. Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2015, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anions; Bicarbonate	2015
Serum Bicarbonate and Kidney Disease Progression and Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the RENAAL (Reduction of End Points in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes With the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan) St American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Bicarbonates; Biphenyl Compounds; Diabetes Mel	2015
Acute effect of citrate bath on postdialysis alkalaemia. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 2015, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Imbalance; Acidosis; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Citrates; Cross-Ov	2015
Nutritional status evaluation and survival in haemodialysis patients in one centre from Romania. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:8 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biomarkers; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Dis	2009
[Acetate-free on-line PHF: how to improve hyperacetatemia and haemodynamic tolerance]. Nefrologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola Nefrologia, 2009, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Chlorides; Female; Hemodiafiltr	2009
Serum phosphate is an important determinant of corrected serum calcium in end-stage kidney disease. Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.), 2009, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Algorithms; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Chemistry, Clinical	2009
Serum bicarbonate and long-term outcomes in CKD. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2010, Volume: 56, Issue:5 Topics: Bicarbonates; Biomarkers; Cause of Death; Disease Progression; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular	2010
Oral hydration and alkalinization is noninferior to intravenous therapy for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease. Journal of interventional cardiology, 2010, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Confidence Int	2010
Preferred dialysis fluid for the high-performance membrane. Contributions to nephrology, 2011, Volume: 173 Topics: Acetates; Acidosis; Aged; alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein; Bicarbonates; Biocompatible Materials; C-Reactive	2011
Effect of the dialysis fluid buffer on peritoneal membrane function in children. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adolescent; Bicarbonates; Body Water; Buffers; Child; Child, Presch	2013
Seasonal variations in clinical and laboratory variables among chronic hemodialysis patients. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2002, Volume: 13, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Temperature; Body Weight; Cohor	2002
Oral sodium bicarbonate for the treatment of metabolic acidosis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized placebo-control trial. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2003, Volume: 14, Issue:8 Topics: Acidosis; Administration, Oral; Aged; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Dialysis; Female; Follow-Up Studies	2003
Effect of acetate and bicarbonate dialysate on whole body bioimpedance (BIS) and segmental (thoracic) bioimpedance in hemodialysed (HD) patients. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska. Sectio D: Medicina, 2002, Volume: 57, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Aged; Bicarbonates; Body Fluid Compartments; Body Fluids; Dialysis Solutions; Electric Imp	2002
Improved acidosis correction and recovery of mesothelial cell mass with neutral-pH bicarbonate dialysis solution among children undergoing automated peritoneal dialysis. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2003, Volume: 14, Issue:10 Topics: Acidosis; Adolescent; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Dialysis S	2003
Model-based study of the effects of the hemodialysis technique on the compensatory response to hypovolemia. Kidney international, 2004, Volume: 65, Issue:4 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Sys	2004
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
The faster potassium-lowering effect of high dialysate bicarbonate concentrations in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Hemodi	2005
Sevelamer hydrochloride and calcium bicarbonate reduce serum fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in dialysis patients. Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, 2005, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Bicarbonates; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibroblast Growt	2005
Impact of new dialysis solutions on peritonitis rates. Kidney international. Supplement, 2006, Issue:103 Topics: Bicarbonates; Dialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lactic Acid; Peritoneal Dialysis;	2006
Glucose-added dialysis fluid prevents asymptomatic hypoglycaemia in regular haemodialysis. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2007, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Circadian Rhythm; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Glucose; Hemodialysis S	2007
Comparison of the hemodynamic response to hemodialysis with acetate or bicarbonate. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1983, Volume: 29 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blin	1983
Reducing patient morbidity from high-efficiency hemodialysis: a double-blind crossover trial. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1983, Volume: 29 Topics: Acetates; Acetic Acid; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Fatigue; Headache; Humans; K	1983
Gas exchange during dialysis. Contrasting mechanisms contributing to comparable alterations with acetate and bicarbonate buffers. The American journal of medicine, 1984, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Carbon Dioxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Huma	1984
[Hemodynamics during hemodialysis, hemofiltration and hemodiafiltration using bicarbonate vs acetate buffers]. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1984, Oct-01, Volume: 62, Issue:19 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Blood; Buffers; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Kidney Failure, C	1984
[Effect of bicarbonate and acetate dialysates on hemodialysis in chronic renal failure]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1981, Volume: 66, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Bicarbonates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Kidney	1981
A double-blind controlled trial of acetate versus bicarbonate dialysate. Proceedings of the Clinical Dialysis and Transplant Forum, 1980, Volume: 10 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Clinical Trials as Topic; Creatinine; Double-Blind Metho	1980
Which bicarbonate concentration is adequate to lactate-buffered substitution fluids in maintenance hemofiltration? Clinical nephrology, 1994, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Hemodialysis Sol	1994
Delayed decrease in plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide during cold hemodialysis. Nephron, 1994, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Bicarbonates; Blood Physiological Phenomena; Blood Pressure;	1994
Rapid correction of metabolic acidosis in chronic renal failure: effect on parathyroid hormone activity. Nephron, 1994, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Female; Homeostasis; Humans; Hy	1994
Hemodiafiltration with on-line production of substitution fluid: long-term safety and quantitative assessment of efficacy. Contributions to nephrology, 1994, Volume: 108 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Bacteria; Bicarbonates; Body Composition; Creatinine; Disinfection; Drug Co	1994
Clinical advantages of acetate-free biofiltration. Contributions to nephrology, 1994, Volume: 108 Topics: Acetates; Acidosis; Adult; beta 2-Microglobulin; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Cardiovascular D	1994
Six-month overnight administration of intraperitoneal amino acids does not improve lean mass. Clinical nephrology, 1996, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Amino Acids; Bicarbonates; Body Composition; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Glu	1996
Improvement in lipid profiles and triglyceride removal in patients on polyamide membrane hemodialysis. Blood purification, 1996, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Apolipoproteins; Bicarbonates; Cellulose; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Kidn	1996
Short dialyzed children respond less to growth hormone than patients prior to dialysis. German Study Group for Growth Hormone Treatment in Chronic Renal Failure. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 1996, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Anemia; Anthropometry; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Child; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; G	1996
On-line predilution hemofiltration versus ultrapure high-flux hemodialysis: a multicenter prospective study in 23 patients. Sardinian Collaborative Study Group of On-Line Hemofiltration. Blood purification, 1997, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; beta 2-Microglobulin; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Electrolytes; Fatigue;	1997
Correction of metabolic acidosis and its effect on albumin in chronic hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1998, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Administration, Oral; Bicarbonates; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure	1998
[Behavior of ventilation parameters, gas exchange and blood gases during hemodialysis (HD), in a traction during which the bicarbonate concentration in dialysis fluid is raised to a level of 60 m Eq/l]. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej, 1997, Volume: 97, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chr	1997
Glucose-charged dialysate for children on hemodialysis: acute dialytic changes. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 1998, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Child; Cross-Over Studies; Dialysis Solutions; Female; Glucose; Humans;	1998
Remarkable removal of beta-2-microglobulin by on-line hemodiafiltration. American journal of nephrology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Anuria; beta 2-Microglobulin; Bicarbonates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Creatinine; Dose-Response Rel	1998
Effect of acetate, bicarbonate dialysis, and acetate-free biofiltration on nitric oxide synthesis: implications for dialysis hypotension. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Cells, Cultured; Cross-Over Studies; Endothelium, Vascular; Fem	1998
On-line hemodiafiltration with pre- and postdilution: impact on the acid-base status. The International journal of artificial organs, 1998, Volume: 21, Issue:6 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Automation; Bicarbonates; Dialysis Solutions;	1998
[Role of the time of administration of calcium carbonate (before or during mealtime) in the control of hyperphosphatemia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis]. Nephrologie, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Calcium Carbonate; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Administration Schedule; Ea	1999
Dialysate related cytokine induction and response to recombinant human erythropoietin in haemodialysis patients. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2000, Volume: 15, Issue:8 Topics: Bacteria; Bicarbonates; Cytokines; Dialysis Solutions; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Contam	2000
Acute correction of metabolic acidosis increases serum procollagen type I carboxyterminal propeptide in patients with chronic renal failure. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi, 2001, Volume: 100, Issue:11 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Calcium; Calcium Gluconate; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concen	2001
Renal acidification in patients with mineralocorticoid deficiency. Nephron, 1976, Volume: 17, Issue:6 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Addison Disease; Adrenalectomy; Adult; Aged; Aldosterone; Bicarbona	1976
NaHCO3 and NaCl tolerance in chronic renal failure II. Clinical nephrology, 1977, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Bicarbonates; Chlorides; Creatinine; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Mid	1977
Effect of enalapril on the progression of chronic renal failure. A randomized controlled trial. American journal of hypertension, 1992, Volume: 5, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Antihypertensive Agents; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Body We	1992
Short term study on relative merits of acetate and bicarbonate dialysis. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 1991, Volume: 39, Issue:12 Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hemodialysis Solutions; Huma	1991
L-lactate high-efficiency hemodialysis: hemodynamics, blood gas changes, potassium/phosphorus, and symptoms. Kidney international, 1990, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Acetates; Bicarbonates; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Dialysis Solutions; Double-Blind Method;	1990
Serum osteocalcin concentrations in children with chronic renal insufficiency who are not undergoing dialysis. Growth Failure in Children with Renal Diseases Study. The Journal of pediatrics, 1990, Volume: 116, Issue:2 Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Bicarbonates; Calcitriol; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Humans; Infant;	1990
Effect of dialysate composition on the lipid response to L-carnitine supplementation. Kidney international. Supplement, 1989, Volume: 27 Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Adult; Bicarbonates; Carnitine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dialysis Solutions;	1989
Hemodialysate composition and intradialytic metabolic, acid-base and potassium changes. Kidney international, 1987, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Electrolytes; Female; Glucose; Humans;	1987
Comparison of hemodialysis and hypertonic hemodiafiltration on cardiac function [corrected]. Kidney international, 1987, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Bicarbonates; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Cardiac Output; Cardiography, Impedance; Clinical Tria	1987
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: pharmacodynamic effects of urinary pH and impaired renal function. Studies in humans. Annals of internal medicine, 1973, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Administration, Oral; Ammonium Chloride; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bicar	1973
[Renal response to alkaline overload during chronic renal insufficiency]. Journal d'urologie et de nephrologie, 1968, Volume: 74, Issue:9 Topics: Acetazolamide; Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Bicarbonates; Clinical Trials as Topi	1968
Plasma levels and urinary excretion of nalidixic acid in patients with renal failure. Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine, 1971, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Bicarbonates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Nalid	1971

hydrogen carbonate and Kidney Failure, Chronic