hydrocodone and Reflex-Sympathetic-Dystrophy

We present a case of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type 1 in a 12-year-old girl. The patient did not respond to the usual therapeutic modalities used to treat CRPS, including physical therapy, lumbar sympathetic block, epidural local anesthetic block, intravenous lidocaine infusion, or other oral medications. Of note is the fact that, during epidural block, the patient demonstrated a resistance to local anesthetic neural blockade in the area of the body involved with the pain problem. The mechanism of this resistance could be related to the changes in the dorsal horn cells of the spinal cord, secondary to activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, which may play a role in the pathophysiology of this pain syndrome.

Topics: Acetates; Amines; Amitriptyline; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Local; Bupivacaine; Child; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Resistance; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Hydrocodone; Lidocaine; Nerve Block; Physical Therapy Modalities; Posterior Horn Cells; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy; Sympathetic Nervous System