hydrochlorothiazide and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus studies

Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.
hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"This study was conducted to determine the effects of a tablet combining losartan/hydrochlorothiazide (L/HCTZ) in comparison with losartan alone in Japanese diabetic patients with hypertension."	9.14	Safety and benefits of a tablet combining losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in Japanese diabetic patients with hypertension. ( Ichihara, A; Itoh, H; Kinouchi, K; Kurauchi-Mito, A; Sakoda, M, 2009)
"The BENIFICIARY (BENIcar safety and efFICacy evaluatIon: An open-label, single-ARm, titration study in patients with hypertension and tYpe 2 diabetes) study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil (OM) plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes."	9.14	Effects of an olmesartan medoxomil based treatment algorithm on 24-hour blood pressure control in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. ( Kereiakes, DJ; Neutel, JM; Shojaee, A; Stoakes, KA; Waverczak, WF; Xu, J, 2010)
"The study demonstrated that the combination of manidipine and delapril is as effective as losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in treatment of hypertension in type 2 diabetes."	9.13	Efficacy of manidipine/delapril versus losartan/hydrochlorothiazide fixed combinations in patients with hypertension and diabetes. ( Fogari, R; Kohlmann, O; Laurent, S; Roca-Cusachs, A; Schmieder, RE; Triposkiadis, F; Wenzel, RR, 2008)
"To investigate the impact of treatment on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, we assessed outcomes in patients with hypertension and diabetes who received co-amilozide or nifedipine in the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension."	9.10	Outcomes with nifedipine GITS or Co-amilozide in hypertensive diabetics and nondiabetics in Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension (INSIGHT). ( Brown, M; Castaigne, A; de Leeuw, P; Mancia, G; Palmer, CR; Rosenthal, T; Ruilope, LM; Wagener, G, 2003)
"Penbutolol has proved particularly effective and suitable for the treatment, even on a long-term basis, of recently developed hypertension, especially in its hyperkinetic forms."	7.67	[Penbutolol and arterial hypertension]. ( Bravi, M; Broglia, M; Carisdeo, V; Giuffrè, G; Torriani, A, 1987)
"Simultaneous administration of indomethacin and Moduretic (Merck Sharp & Dohme, USA, 5 mg of amiloride HCl, 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide) to a 78-yr-old patient resulted in severe hyperkalemia twice."	7.66	Indomethacin- and Moduretic--induced hyperkalemia. ( Mor, R; Pitlik, S; Rosenfeld, JB, 1983)
" Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar between treatment groups regardless of the presence of diabetes or body mass index (BMI) status."	6.76	A comparison of the efficacy and safety of irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination therapy with irbesartan monotherapy in the treatment of moderate or severe hypertension in diabetic and obese hypertensive patients: a post-hoc analysis review. ( Neutel, JM, 2011)
"The prevalence of hypertension is high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as in black and elderly subjects."	6.49	Effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in patients stratified by age, race and diabetes, CKD and chronic CVD. ( Chrysant, SG, 2013)
" Main outcome parameters were the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure reduction, the rate of normalized patients at study end compared to baseline, and the number and type of adverse events (AEs)."	5.35	Efficacy and safety of losartan 100 mg or losartan 100 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in the treatment of patients with essential arterial hypertension and CV risk factors: observational, prospective study in primary care. ( Bestehorn, K; Bönner, G; Jung, C; Smolka, W, 2009)
"Hyperkalemia is known to occur with increased frequency in the patient with diabetes mellitus and in the elderly when agents that interfere with renal potassium excretion are employed, but the precise frequency has not been established."	5.28	Hyperkalemia in diabetes mellitus. Effect of a triamterene-hydrochlorothiazide combination. ( Hollenberg, NK; Mickiewicz, C, 1989)
"In previously monotherapy-treated, uncontrolled patients with hypertension, zofenopril 30-60 mg + HCTZ 12."	5.19	Zofenopril plus hydrochlorothiazide and irbesartan plus hydrochlorothiazide in previously treated and uncontrolled diabetic and non-diabetic essential hypertensive patients. ( Agabiti-Rosei, E; Manolis, A; Omboni, S; Zava, D, 2014)
"This study was conducted to determine the effects of a tablet combining losartan/hydrochlorothiazide (L/HCTZ) in comparison with losartan alone in Japanese diabetic patients with hypertension."	5.14	Safety and benefits of a tablet combining losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in Japanese diabetic patients with hypertension. ( Ichihara, A; Itoh, H; Kinouchi, K; Kurauchi-Mito, A; Sakoda, M, 2009)
"The BENIFICIARY (BENIcar safety and efFICacy evaluatIon: An open-label, single-ARm, titration study in patients with hypertension and tYpe 2 diabetes) study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil (OM) plus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes."	5.14	Effects of an olmesartan medoxomil based treatment algorithm on 24-hour blood pressure control in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. ( Kereiakes, DJ; Neutel, JM; Shojaee, A; Stoakes, KA; Waverczak, WF; Xu, J, 2010)
"The ACCOMPLISH (Avoiding Cardiovascular Events Through COMbination Therapy in Patients Living With Systolic Hypertension) trial compared the outcomes effects of a renin-angiotensin system blocker, benazepril, combined with amlodipine (B+A) or hydrochlorothiazide (B+H)."	5.14	Cardiovascular events during differing hypertension therapies in patients with diabetes. ( Bakris, GL; Dahlöf, B; Devereux, RB; Hester, A; Hua, TA; Jamerson, K; Kelly, RY; Kjeldsen, SE; Pitt, B; Velazquez, EJ; Weber, MA; Weir, M, 2010)
"The study demonstrated that the combination of manidipine and delapril is as effective as losartan and hydrochlorothiazide in treatment of hypertension in type 2 diabetes."	5.13	Efficacy of manidipine/delapril versus losartan/hydrochlorothiazide fixed combinations in patients with hypertension and diabetes. ( Fogari, R; Kohlmann, O; Laurent, S; Roca-Cusachs, A; Schmieder, RE; Triposkiadis, F; Wenzel, RR, 2008)
"To investigate the impact of treatment on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, we assessed outcomes in patients with hypertension and diabetes who received co-amilozide or nifedipine in the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension."	5.10	Outcomes with nifedipine GITS or Co-amilozide in hypertensive diabetics and nondiabetics in Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension (INSIGHT). ( Brown, M; Castaigne, A; de Leeuw, P; Mancia, G; Palmer, CR; Rosenthal, T; Ruilope, LM; Wagener, G, 2003)
"In elderly Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension, stepwise antihypertensive drug treatment, starting with the dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker nitrendipine, improved prognosis."	5.09	Chinese trial on isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Systolic Hypertension in China (Syst-China) Collaborative Group. ( Gong, L; Liu, L; Staessen, JA; Wang, JG, 2000)
"In older patients with isolated systolic hypertension, antihypertensive treatment starting with the dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker, nitrendipine, did not decrease blood pressure at the expense of renal function and prevented the development of proteinuria, especially in diabetic patients."	5.09	Follow-up of renal function in treated and untreated older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial Investigators. ( Birkenhäger, WH; de Leeuw, PW; Efstratopoulos, AD; Fagard, R; Leonetti, G; Nachev, C; Rodicio, JL; Staessen, JA; Thijs, L; Tuomilehto, J; Voyaki, SM; Wang, JG, 2001)
"Penbutolol has proved particularly effective and suitable for the treatment, even on a long-term basis, of recently developed hypertension, especially in its hyperkinetic forms."	3.67	[Penbutolol and arterial hypertension]. ( Bravi, M; Broglia, M; Carisdeo, V; Giuffrè, G; Torriani, A, 1987)
"Simultaneous administration of indomethacin and Moduretic (Merck Sharp & Dohme, USA, 5 mg of amiloride HCl, 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide) to a 78-yr-old patient resulted in severe hyperkalemia twice."	3.66	Indomethacin- and Moduretic--induced hyperkalemia. ( Mor, R; Pitlik, S; Rosenfeld, JB, 1983)
" Treatment-emergent adverse event rates were similar between treatment groups regardless of the presence of diabetes or body mass index (BMI) status."	2.76	A comparison of the efficacy and safety of irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination therapy with irbesartan monotherapy in the treatment of moderate or severe hypertension in diabetic and obese hypertensive patients: a post-hoc analysis review. ( Neutel, JM, 2011)
"The prevalence of hypertension is high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as in black and elderly subjects."	2.49	Effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in patients stratified by age, race and diabetes, CKD and chronic CVD. ( Chrysant, SG, 2013)
" Main outcome parameters were the systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure reduction, the rate of normalized patients at study end compared to baseline, and the number and type of adverse events (AEs)."	1.35	Efficacy and safety of losartan 100 mg or losartan 100 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in the treatment of patients with essential arterial hypertension and CV risk factors: observational, prospective study in primary care. ( Bestehorn, K; Bönner, G; Jung, C; Smolka, W, 2009)
"Hyperkalemia is known to occur with increased frequency in the patient with diabetes mellitus and in the elderly when agents that interfere with renal potassium excretion are employed, but the precise frequency has not been established."	1.28	Hyperkalemia in diabetes mellitus. Effect of a triamterene-hydrochlorothiazide combination. ( Hollenberg, NK; Mickiewicz, C, 1989)

Research

Studies (36)

Authors

Clinical Trials (3)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Ambulatory BP Measurement (Systolic)During the Last 2 Hours of the Last (Week 12) 24-hour Dosing Period.

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	16 (44.44)	18.7374
1990's	1 (2.78)	18.2507
2000's	8 (22.22)	29.6817
2010's	11 (30.56)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Agarwal, R	1
Weir, MR	1
Chrysant, SG	2
Agabiti-Rosei, E	1
Manolis, A	1
Zava, D	1
Omboni, S	1
Szentes, V	1
Kovács, G	1
Dézsi, CA	1
Bönner, G	1
Smolka, W	1
Jung, C	1
Bestehorn, K	1
Kinouchi, K	1
Ichihara, A	1
Sakoda, M	1
Kurauchi-Mito, A	1
Itoh, H	1
Neutel, JM	2
Kereiakes, DJ	2
Waverczak, WF	1
Stoakes, KA	1
Xu, J	1
Shojaee, A	1
Weber, MA	1
Bakris, GL	1
Jamerson, K	1
Weir, M	1
Kjeldsen, SE	1
Devereux, RB	1
Velazquez, EJ	1
Dahlöf, B	1
Kelly, RY	1
Hua, TA	1
Hester, A	1
Pitt, B	1
Andalib, A	1
Akhtari, S	1
Rigal, R	1
Curnew, G	1
Leclerc, JM	1
Vaillancourt, M	1
Tardif, JC	1
Fogari, R	3
Mugellini, A	2
Circelli, M	1
Cremonesi, G	1
Izzo, JL	1
Littlejohn, T	1
Melino, M	1
Lee, J	1
Fernandez, V	1
Heyrman, R	1
Al Balushi, KA	1
Habib, JQ	1
Al-Zakwani, I	1
Mancia, G	1
Brown, M	1
Castaigne, A	1
de Leeuw, P	1
Palmer, CR	1
Rosenthal, T	1
Wagener, G	1
Ruilope, LM	1
Baumgart, P	1
Roca-Cusachs, A	1
Schmieder, RE	1
Triposkiadis, F	1
Wenzel, RR	1
Laurent, S	1
Kohlmann, O	1
Derosa, G	1
Zoppi, A	1
Rinaldi, A	1
Preti, P	1
Lazzari, P	1
Mor, R	1
Pitlik, S	1
Rosenfeld, JB	1
Rames, I	1
Kristůfek, V	1
Garrett, BN	1
Raskin, P	1
Kaplan, NM	1
Hansen, JL	1
Swanson, LN	1
Pahor, M	1
Psaty, BM	1
Furberg, CD	1
Wang, JG	2
Staessen, JA	2
Gong, L	1
Liu, L	1
Voyaki, SM	1
Thijs, L	1
Efstratopoulos, AD	1
Birkenhäger, WH	1
de Leeuw, PW	1
Leonetti, G	1
Nachev, C	1
Rodicio, JL	1
Tuomilehto, J	1
Fagard, R	1
Hollenberg, NK	2
Heim, J	1
Dewailly, P	1
Jaillard, J	1
Szmyd, L	1
Schwartz, B	1
Santucci, A	1
De Cesaris, R	1
Buoninconti, R	1
Botta, GF	1
Shaw, KM	1
Mickiewicz, C	1
Torriani, A	1
Bravi, M	1
Broglia, M	1
Giuffrè, G	1
Carisdeo, V	1
Khwarg, SG	1
Linstone, FA	1
Daniels, SA	1
Isenberg, SJ	1
Hanscom, TA	1
Geoghegan, M	1
Straatsma, BR	1
Sweet, RL	1
Sheffield, LT	1
Ryvkin, IA	1
Korsunskiĭ, AA	1
Pribylova, LP	1
Lobanova, LS	1
Raĭskaia, AM	1
Chasis, H	1
Simonian, AT	1
Bostandzhian, OSh	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Prospective, Open Label, Single Arm Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of an Olmesartan Medoxomil Based Treatment Regimen in Type II Diabetic Patients With Hypertension[NCT00403481]	Phase 4	192 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-11-30	Completed
A Prospective, Multinational, Multicenter Trial to Compare the Effects of Amlodipine/Benazepril to Benazepril and Hydrochlorothiazide Combined on the Reduction of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With High Risk Hypertension[NCT00170950]	Phase 3	11,506 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Terminated (stopped due to The study was terminated early because of significant efficacy results for the primary endpoint in favor of benazepril/amlodipine treatment.)
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Co-Administration of a Triple Combination Therapy of Olmesartan Medoxomil, Amlodipine Besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide in Subjects With Hypertension[NCT00649389]	Phase 3	2,500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Participants had a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure session at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. This outcome measure pooled all participants regardless of their titration history during the study. (NCT00403481)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Ambulatory BP Measurement (Systolic)During the Last 4 Hours of the Last (Week 12 ) 24-hour Dosing Period.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-18.6

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Ambulatory BP Measurement (Systolic)During the Last 6 Hours of the Last (Week 12 ) 24-hour Dosing Period.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-18.2

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Mean 24-hour Ambulatory BP (Diastolic)

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-18.6

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Systolic BP (SBP) as Measured by 24-hour ABPM.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-11.1

Change in Ambulatory Blood Pressure (Diastolic) From Baseline to Week 12 During the Last 2 Hours of the Last (Week 12 ) 24-hour Dosing Period.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-20.4

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Mean Daytime and Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement (Systolic).

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
Overall Study Population	-10.6

Change in Ambulatory BP (Diastolic) From Baseline to Week 12 During the Last (Week 12 ) 4 and 6 Hours of the Last 24-hour Dosing Period.

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
	Daytime	Nighttime
Overall Study Population	-22.3	-18.8

Change in Daytime and Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure (Diastolic) From Baseline to Week 12

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
	4 hours	6 hours
Overall Study Population	-10.7	-10.8

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Cardiovascular (CV) Mortality Event, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction (MI), or Non-fatal Stroke

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
	Daytime	Nighttime
Overall Study Population	-12.0	-10.2

CV mortality was defined as death due to sudden cardiac death, fatal MI, fatal stroke, coronary intervention, congestive heart failure (CHF), or other CV causes. (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV mortality event, MI (non-fatal), or stroke (non-fatal) (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Composite Cardiovascular (CV) Morbidity Event

Intervention	Percentage of Patients with an Event (Number)
Benazepril/Amlodipine	5.0
Benazepril/Hydrochlorothiazide	6.3

Cardiovascular morbidity was defined as including any of the following events: non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, resuscitated sudden death, or coronary revascularization procedure (PCI or CABG). (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV morbidity event (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])]

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Composite Cardiovascular (CV) Morbidity or Mortality Event

Intervention	Percentage of Patients with an Event (Number)
Benazepril/Amlodipine	8.6
Benazepril/Hydrochlorothiazide	10.3

CV morbidity was defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, resuscitated sudden death, or coronary revascularization procedure. CV mortality was defined as death due to MI, stroke, coronary intervention, congestive heart failure (CHF), sudden cardiac death, or other CV causes. (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV morbidity or mortality event (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])

Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Seated Diastolic Blood Pressure (SeDBP).

Change in Seated Systolic Blood Pressure From Baseline to Week 12

Percentage of Subjects Who Reached Blood Pressure Goal (<140/90 mmHg; <130/80 mmHg for Subjects With Diabetes, Chronic Renal Disease, or Chronic Cardiovascular Disease)by 12 Weeks

Change in Mean 24-hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure From Baseline to Week 12 or Early Termination

Reviews

4 reviews available for hydrochlorothiazide and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Trials

14 trials available for hydrochlorothiazide and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Other Studies

18 other studies available for hydrochlorothiazide and Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
OM40/AML10	-17.8
OM40/HCTZ25	-16.5
AML10/HCTZ25	-14.8
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-21.5

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
OM40/AML10	-31.1
OM40/HCTZ25	-31.2
AML10/HCTZ25	-28.9
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-38.1

Intervention	Percentage of subjects (Number)
OM40/AML10	46.0
OM40/HCTZ25	46.6
AML10/HCTZ25	34.9
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	64.3

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
	Diastolic blood pressure	Systolic blood pressure
AML10/HCTZ25	-10.7	-18.5
OM40/AML10	-13.9	-23.5
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-18.0	-30.3
OM40/HCTZ25	-14.5	-23.9

Article	Year
Blood pressure response with fixed-dose combination therapy: comparing hydrochlorothiazide with amlodipine through individual-level meta-analysis. Journal of hypertension, 2013, Volume: 31, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Amlodipine; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Blood P	2013
Effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in patients stratified by age, race and diabetes, CKD and chronic CVD. Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2013, Volume: 11, Issue:9 Topics: Age Factors; Amlodipine; Cardiovascular Diseases; Diabetes Complications; Drug Therapy, Combination;	2013
[Practice of antihypertensive treatment in diabetic patients with hypertension in Hungary]. Orvosi hetilap, 2014, Oct-26, Volume: 155, Issue:43 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting En	2014
Combination delapril/manidipine as antihypertensive therapy in high-risk patients. Clinical drug investigation, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:7 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diabetes Comp	2011

Article	Year
Efficacy and safety of losartan 100 mg or losartan 100 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in the treatment of patients with essential arterial hypertension and CV risk factors: observational, prospective study in primary care. Current medical research and opinion, 2009, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Creatinine; Diabetes Complications; Drug Therapy, Com	2009
Determinants of masked hypertension in hypertensive patients treated in a primary care setting. Internal medicine journal, 2012, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents	2012
Comparative efficacy of irbesartan/ hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination in lowering blood pressure: a retrospective observational study in Oman. Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Diabete	2013
[LIFE study proves preventive action. With losartan to do even more against stroke]. MMW Fortschritte der Medizin, 2003, Volume: 145 Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Diabetes Co	2003
Indomethacin- and Moduretic--induced hyperkalemia. Israel journal of medical sciences, 1983, Volume: 19, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Amiloride; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Fe	1983
[Comparison of the effects of 2 different diuretics in the treatment of hypertension in diabetics]. Vnitrni lekarstvi, 1983, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Acetazolamide; Aged; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Femal	1983
Metoprolol in diabetes mellitus: effect on glucose homeostasis. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1980, Volume: 59 Suppl 6 Topics: Aged; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Glucagon; Homeostasis; Human	1980
Case study: Drug interference in clinical chemistry. The American journal of medical technology, 1981, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Glucose; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Clinical Enzyme	1981
Treatment of hypertensive patients with diabetes. Lancet (London, England), 1998, Mar-07, Volume: 351, Issue:9104 Topics: Amlodipine; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Calcium Channel Block	1998
Preventing hypokalemia Complicated Cardiac Patient, 1987,Spring, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Diabetes Complications; Diuretics; Drug Interactions; Huma	1987
[Hyperkalemia caused by hyporeninism: role of the hydrochlorothiazide-amiloride combination]. Lille medical : journal de la Faculte de medecine et de pharmacie de l'Universite de Lille, 1977, Volume: 22, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Aldosterone; Amiloride; Diabetes Complications; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Hydrochlorothia	1977
Association of systemic hypertension and diabetes mellitus with cataract extraction. A case-control study. Ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 96, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Cataract Extraction; Cohort Studies; Diabetes Complications; Digoxin; Female; Furosemide; Huma	1989
Hyperkalemia in diabetes mellitus. Effect of a triamterene-hydrochlorothiazide combination. Archives of internal medicine, 1989, Volume: 149, Issue:6 Topics: Diabetes Complications; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hyperkalemia; Hypert	1989
[Penbutolol and arterial hypertension]. Minerva medica, 1987, Sep-30, Volume: 78, Issue:18 Topics: Blood Pressure; Diabetes Complications; Dihydralazine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Hy	1987
Incidence, risk factors, and morphology in operating microscope light retinopathy. American journal of ophthalmology, 1987, Mar-15, Volume: 103, Issue:3 Pt 1 Topics: Cataract Extraction; Diabetes Complications; Fluorescein Angiography; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; I	1987
Myocardial infarction after exercise-induced electrocardiographic changes in a patient with variant angina pectoris. The American journal of cardiology, 1974, May-20, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Amitriptyline; Angina Pectoris; Arteriosclerosis; Catheterization; Diabetes Complications; Electroca	1974
[Initial results of the activity of the Angiocardiological Center in Kolomna]. Kardiologiia, 1971, Volume: 11, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Complications; Female; Heparin; Humans; Hydrochlorothi	1971
[Effect of hypothiazide on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1969, Volume: 41, Issue:7 Topics: Carbohydrate Metabolism; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypertension	1969