hydrochlorothiazide and Cardiovascular Diseases studies

Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.
hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Cardiovascular Diseases: Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Whether chlorthalidone is superior to hydrochlorothiazide for preventing major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension is unclear."	9.51	Chlorthalidone vs. Hydrochlorothiazide for Hypertension-Cardiovascular Events. ( Brophy, MT; Cushman, WC; Ferguson, RE; Fiore, LD; Glassman, PA; Hau, C; Huang, GD; Ishani, A; Klint, A; Leatherman, SM; Lew, RA; Taylor, AA; Woods, P, 2022)
"In a randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 11,506 patients with hypertension who were at high risk for cardiovascular events to receive treatment with either benazepril plus amlodipine or benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide."	9.13	Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. ( Bakris, GL; Dahlöf, B; Gatlin, M; Gupte, J; Hester, A; Jamerson, K; Pitt, B; Shi, V; Velazquez, EJ; Weber, MA, 2008)
"These data suggest that losartan is superior to atenolol for treatment of patients with isolated systolic hypertension and ECG-LVH."	9.10	Effects of losartan on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with isolated systolic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: a Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction (LIFE) substudy. ( Aurup, P; Beevers, G; Dahlöf, B; de Faire, U; Devereux, RB; Edelman, J; Fyhrquist, F; Ibsen, H; Julius, S; Kjeldsen, SE; Kristianson, K; Lederballe-Pedersen, O; Lindholm, LH; Nieminen, MS; Omvik, P; Oparil, S; Snapinn, S; Wedel, H, 2002)
"To investigate the impact of treatment on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, we assessed outcomes in patients with hypertension and diabetes who received co-amilozide or nifedipine in the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension."	9.10	Outcomes with nifedipine GITS or Co-amilozide in hypertensive diabetics and nondiabetics in Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension (INSIGHT). ( Brown, M; Castaigne, A; de Leeuw, P; Mancia, G; Palmer, CR; Rosenthal, T; Ruilope, LM; Wagener, G, 2003)
"The International Nifedipine GITS Study Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) showed, by means of office blood pressure measurements, that long-term treatment with nifedipine GITS is as effective as diuretics in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications."	9.10	Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure in the International Nifedipine GITS Study Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). ( Mancia, G; Omboni, S; Parati, G, 2002)
"We examined the relation of serum creatinine and uric acid to mortality and cardiovascular disease in older (aged >/=60 years) Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure >/=160/<95 mm Hg)."	9.09	Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and uric acid in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. ( Birkenhäger, WH; Fagard, RH; Gong, L; Liu, L; Staessen, JA; Wang, JG, 2001)
"Eprosartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (angiotensin II receptor blocker [ARB]) used in the treatment of hypertension."	8.85	Eprosartan: a review of its use in hypertension. ( Plosker, GL, 2009)
"This prospective, multicenter observational study assessed the real-world safety and effectiveness of an SPC containing olmesartan, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide (O/A/H) in South Korean patients with hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors."	8.31	Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of a Single-Pill Combination of Olmesartan/Amlodipine/Hydrochlorothiazide in Korean Patients with Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. ( Hong, JH; Hyun, D; Kim, GH; Kim, HL; Kim, W; Lim, S; Min, KW; Oh, J; Park, SD; Shin, J, 2023)
"00 mmol/L, body mass index 29) of men with mild to moderate hypertension, for irbesartan, the total treatment cost was euro 15,146, for losartan euro 15,696 and for valsartan euro 15,613; the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were irbesartan 12."	7.77	Economic evaluation of irbesartan in combination with hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of hypertension in Greece. ( Ekman, M; Fragoulakis, V; Maniadakis, N; Papagiannopoulou, V; Yfantopoulos, J, 2011)
"The prevalence of hypertension is high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as in black and elderly subjects."	6.49	Effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in patients stratified by age, race and diabetes, CKD and chronic CVD. ( Chrysant, SG, 2013)
"Hypertension is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality."	6.46	Efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil in patients with stage 1 hypertension: blood pressure lowering and goal achievement. ( Wilford Germino, F, 2010)
"Arterial hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and one of the major causes for mortality worldwide."	6.45	Rational of the use of aliskiren in hypertension and beyond. ( Savvatis, K; Schultheiss, HP; Tschöpe, C; Westermann, D, 2009)
" In addition, combination therapy provided sustained and consistent BP control over the entire 24 hour dosing interval."	6.43	Fixed combination of zofenopril plus hydrochlorothiazide in the management of hypertension: a review of available data. ( Borghi, C; Cicero, AF, 2006)
"Whether chlorthalidone is superior to hydrochlorothiazide for preventing major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension is unclear."	5.51	Chlorthalidone vs. Hydrochlorothiazide for Hypertension-Cardiovascular Events. ( Brophy, MT; Cushman, WC; Ferguson, RE; Fiore, LD; Glassman, PA; Hau, C; Huang, GD; Ishani, A; Klint, A; Leatherman, SM; Lew, RA; Taylor, AA; Woods, P, 2022)
"The ACCOMPLISH trial (Avoiding Cardiovascular events through Combination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension) was a 3-year multicenter, event-driven trial involving patients with high cardiovascular risk who were randomized in a double-blinded manner to benazepril plus either hydrochlorothiazide or amlodipine and titrated in parallel to reach recommended blood pressure goals."	5.16	Renal outcomes in hypertensive Black patients at high cardiovascular risk. ( Bakris, GL; Dahlof, B; Devereux, RB; Hester, RA; Hua, TA; Jamerson, KA; Kelly, RY; Kjeldsen, SE; Pitt, B; Velazquez, E; Weber, MA; Weir, MR; Wright, JT, 2012)
"The Chinese Hypertension Intervention Efficacy Study (CHIEF) is a multi-centre randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the effects of amlodipine+angiotensin II receptor blocker and amlodipine+diuretics on the incidence of cardiovascular events, represented as a composite of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death events in high-risk Chinese hypertensive patients."	5.15	The combination of amlodipine and angiotensin receptor blocker or diuretics in high-risk hypertensive patients: rationale, design and baseline characteristics. ( Deng, Q; Liu, L; Liu, M; Ma, L; Wang, W; Zhang, Y, 2011)
" 11 506 patients with hypertension who were at high risk for cardiovascular events were randomly assigned via a central, telephone-based interactive voice response system in a 1:1 ratio to receive benazepril (20 mg) plus amlodipine (5 mg; n=5744) or benazepril (20 mg) plus hydrochlorothiazide (12."	5.14	Renal outcomes with different fixed-dose combination therapies in patients with hypertension at high risk for cardiovascular events (ACCOMPLISH): a prespecified secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. ( Bakris, GL; Chiang, YT; Dahlöf, B; Jamerson, K; Kelly, RY; Pitt, B; Sarafidis, PA; Shi, V; Staikos-Byrne, L; Velazquez, EJ; Weber, MA; Weir, MR, 2010)
"In a randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 11,506 patients with hypertension who were at high risk for cardiovascular events to receive treatment with either benazepril plus amlodipine or benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide."	5.13	Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. ( Bakris, GL; Dahlöf, B; Gatlin, M; Gupte, J; Hester, A; Jamerson, K; Pitt, B; Shi, V; Velazquez, EJ; Weber, MA, 2008)
"A post hoc pooled analysis of 2 multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled force-titration studies assessed the antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of 7 to 8 weeks' once-daily fixed-dose irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 300/25 mg in 796 stage 1 or 2 hypertensive patients according to age (65 years or older or younger than 65) (n=121 or 675) and presence or absence of obesity (n=378 or 414), type 2 diabetes (n=99 or 697), and high World Health Organization-defined cardiovascular risk (n=593 or 202)."	5.12	The efficacy and safety of initial use of irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide fixed-dose combination in hypertensive patients with and without high cardiovascular risk. ( Bhaumik, A; De Obaldia, ME; Lapuerta, P; Neutel, JM; Weir, MR, 2007)
"15?245 patients, aged 50 years or older with treated or untreated hypertension and high risk of cardiac events participated in a randomised, double-blind, parallel-group comparison of therapy based on valsartan or amlodipine."	5.11	Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. ( Brunner, HR; Ekman, S; Hansson, L; Hua, T; Julius, S; Kjeldsen, SE; Laragh, J; McInnes, GT; Mitchell, L; Plat, F; Schork, A; Smith, B; Weber, M; Zanchetti, A, 2004)
"To assess whether candesartan-based antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients with mildly to moderately elevated blood pressure confers a reduction in cardiovascular events, cognitive decline and dementia."	5.10	The Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE): principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial. ( Elmfeldt, D; Hansson, L; Hofman, A; Lithell, H; Olofsson, B; Skoog, I; Trenkwalder, P; Zanchetti, A, 2003)
"To investigate the impact of treatment on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, we assessed outcomes in patients with hypertension and diabetes who received co-amilozide or nifedipine in the International Nifedipine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension."	5.10	Outcomes with nifedipine GITS or Co-amilozide in hypertensive diabetics and nondiabetics in Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension (INSIGHT). ( Brown, M; Castaigne, A; de Leeuw, P; Mancia, G; Palmer, CR; Rosenthal, T; Ruilope, LM; Wagener, G, 2003)
"These data suggest that losartan is superior to atenolol for treatment of patients with isolated systolic hypertension and ECG-LVH."	5.10	Effects of losartan on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with isolated systolic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: a Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction (LIFE) substudy. ( Aurup, P; Beevers, G; Dahlöf, B; de Faire, U; Devereux, RB; Edelman, J; Fyhrquist, F; Ibsen, H; Julius, S; Kjeldsen, SE; Kristianson, K; Lederballe-Pedersen, O; Lindholm, LH; Nieminen, MS; Omvik, P; Oparil, S; Snapinn, S; Wedel, H, 2002)
"The International Nifedipine GITS Study Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) showed, by means of office blood pressure measurements, that long-term treatment with nifedipine GITS is as effective as diuretics in preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications."	5.10	Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure in the International Nifedipine GITS Study Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). ( Mancia, G; Omboni, S; Parati, G, 2002)
"Losartan 50 mg was effective in reducing blood pressure and albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients."	5.10	Losartan titration versus diuretic combination in type 2 diabetic patients. ( de Pablos-Velasco, PL; Esmatjes, JE; Fernandez-Vega, F; Lopez de la Torre, ML; Pazos Toral, F; Pozuelo, A; Ruilope, LM, 2002)
"In elderly Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension, stepwise antihypertensive drug treatment, starting with the dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker nitrendipine, improved prognosis."	5.09	Chinese trial on isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Systolic Hypertension in China (Syst-China) Collaborative Group. ( Gong, L; Liu, L; Staessen, JA; Wang, JG, 2000)
"We examined the relation of serum creatinine and uric acid to mortality and cardiovascular disease in older (aged >/=60 years) Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure >/=160/<95 mm Hg)."	5.09	Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and uric acid in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. ( Birkenhäger, WH; Fagard, RH; Gong, L; Liu, L; Staessen, JA; Wang, JG, 2001)
"In the double-blind Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) Trial, active treatment was initiated with nitrendipine (10 to 40 mg/d) with the possible addition of enalapril (5 to 20 mg/d) and/or hydrochlorothiazide (12."	5.08	Calcium channel blockade and cardiovascular prognosis in the European trial on isolated systolic hypertension. ( Arabidze, G; Babeanu, S; Birkenhäger, WH; Bulpitt, CJ; Davidson, C; de Leeuw, PW; Efstratopoulos, AD; Fagard, RH; Fletcher, AE; Fogari, R; Gil-Extremera, B; Jääskivi, M; Kawecka-Jaszcz, K; Nachev, C; Petrie, JC; Seux, ML; Staessen, JA; Thijs, L; Tuomilehto, J; Webster, J; Yodfat, Y, 1998)
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the polypill for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke and to present literature related to the polypill components (statin, aspirin, antihypertensive) for primary prevention of CVD and stroke."	4.88	A polypill for all? Critical review of the polypill literature for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke. ( Carey, KM; Comee, MR; Donovan, JL; Kanaan, AO, 2012)
"Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is widely used for hypertension, and prescriptions for HCTZ outnumber those for chlorthalidone (CTDN) by >20-fold in 2 recent surveys."	4.88	Chlorthalidone compared with hydrochlorothiazide in reducing cardiovascular events: systematic review and network meta-analyses. ( Guddati, AK; Holford, TR; Roush, GC, 2012)
"Eprosartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (angiotensin II receptor blocker [ARB]) used in the treatment of hypertension."	4.85	Eprosartan: a review of its use in hypertension. ( Plosker, GL, 2009)
" The International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) is the first, large, randomized, double-blind study undertaken exclusively in high-risk hypertensive patients, with CV events as a prospectively defined primary end-point."	4.81	Long-term protection in at-risk hypertensive patients--a role for nifedipine GITS? ( Ruilope, LM, 2002)
"This prospective, multicenter observational study assessed the real-world safety and effectiveness of an SPC containing olmesartan, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide (O/A/H) in South Korean patients with hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors."	4.31	Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of a Single-Pill Combination of Olmesartan/Amlodipine/Hydrochlorothiazide in Korean Patients with Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. ( Hong, JH; Hyun, D; Kim, GH; Kim, HL; Kim, W; Lim, S; Min, KW; Oh, J; Park, SD; Shin, J, 2023)
"00 mmol/L, body mass index 29) of men with mild to moderate hypertension, for irbesartan, the total treatment cost was euro 15,146, for losartan euro 15,696 and for valsartan euro 15,613; the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were irbesartan 12."	3.77	Economic evaluation of irbesartan in combination with hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of hypertension in Greece. ( Ekman, M; Fragoulakis, V; Maniadakis, N; Papagiannopoulou, V; Yfantopoulos, J, 2011)
" Patients with uncontrolled hypertension and added cardiovascular risk received a fixed-dose combination of candesartan cilexetil 16 mg and HCTZ 12."	3.77	Candesartan cilexetil/hydrochlorothiazide combination treatment versus high-dose candesartan cilexetil monotherapy in patients with mild to moderate cardiovascular risk (CHILI Triple T). ( Bönner, G; Bramlage, P; Landers, B, 2011)
" The Avoiding Cardiovascular events through COMbination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial compares regimens of benazepril plus amlodipine versus benazepril plus hydrochlorothiazide, force-titrated to 40/10 and 40/25mg, respectively."	3.73	The Avoiding Cardiovascular events through COMbination therapy in Patients Living with Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial: a comparison of first-line combination therapies. ( Weder, AB, 2005)
"Hypertension affects approximately 116 million adults in the US and more than 1 billion adults worldwide and is a leading cause of CVD morbidity and mortality."	2.82	Treatment of Hypertension: A Review. ( Carey, RM; Moran, AE; Whelton, PK, 2022)
"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a common finding in patients with CVD."	2.80	PolyPill for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in an Urban Iranian Population with Special Focus on Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial within a Cohort (PolyIran - Liver) - Study Protocol. ( Hemming, K; Jafari, E; Khoshnia, M; Malekzadeh, R; Marshall, T; Merat, S; Nateghi, A; Poustchi, H; Radmard, AR; Shiravi Khuzani, A, 2015)
"Once-daily dosing of valsartan 320 mg results in equally effective 24-h BP efficacy, regardless of dosing time."	2.80	Time of administration important? Morning versus evening dosing of valsartan. ( Crikelair, N; Kandra, A; Palatini, P; Zappe, DH, 2015)
" An additional aim is to assess the effect of the polypill on LDL-c and BP compared to the administration of separate pills of identically dosed components of the polypill."	2.79	The evening versus morning polypill utilization study: the TEMPUS rationale and design. ( Bots, ML; Grobbee, DE; Lafeber, M; Rodgers, A; Spiering, W; Thom, S; Visseren, FL; Webster, R, 2014)
" Safety evaluations included monitoring of any adverse events (AEs)."	2.77	Combination of amlodipine plus angiotensin receptor blocker or diuretics in high-risk hypertensive patients: a 96-week efficacy and safety study. ( Deng, Q; Liu, L; Liu, M; Ma, L; Sun, H; Wang, J; Wang, W; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2012)
"When felodipine was compared to placebo, the benefit of a lower SBP/DBP caused by felodipine was evident in the no-add-on patients (hazard ratio 0."	2.77	Higher cardiovascular risk and impaired benefit of antihypertensive treatment in hypertensive patients requiring additional drugs on top of randomized therapy: is adding drugs always beneficial? ( Liu, L; Tang, X; Wang, Y; Zanchetti, A; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y, 2012)
"We conducted retrospective analyses of the Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-term Use Evaluation (VALUE) data."	2.77	Cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients: comparing single-agent therapy with combination therapy. ( Brunner, HR; Hua, TA; Jia, Y; Julius, S; Kjeldsen, SE; Mancia, G; McInnes, GT; Schork, A; Weber, MA; Zanchetti, A; Zappe, DH, 2012)
"Comparative bioavailability was computed and no drug-drug interactions and no difference in comparative bioavailability were concluded for each ingredient based on point estimates of the T/R ratio of the geometric means falling within 80-125% for peak plasma concentration (C(max)), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to the last measurable concentration (AUC(t)), and AUC from time zero to infinity (AUC(infinity))."	2.75	Preservation of bioavailability of ingredients and lack of drug-drug interactions in a novel five-ingredient polypill (polycap): a five-arm phase I crossover trial in healthy volunteers. ( Chakraborty, BS; Desai, J; Ghosh, C; Jha, V; Khamar, B; Patel, A; Shah, G; Shah, T, 2010)
"The prevalence of hypertension is high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as in black and elderly subjects."	2.49	Effectiveness of the fixed-dose combination of olmesartan/amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension in patients stratified by age, race and diabetes, CKD and chronic CVD. ( Chrysant, SG, 2013)
" However, within this dosing range, reductions in potassium can be considered equivalent."	2.46	Meta-analysis of dose-response characteristics of hydrochlorothiazide and chlorthalidone: effects on systolic blood pressure and potassium. ( Carter, BL; Ernst, ME; Grimm, RH; Zheng, S, 2010)
"Hypertension is a known risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality."	2.46	Efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil in patients with stage 1 hypertension: blood pressure lowering and goal achievement. ( Wilford Germino, F, 2010)
"Arterial hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and one of the major causes for mortality worldwide."	2.45	Rational of the use of aliskiren in hypertension and beyond. ( Savvatis, K; Schultheiss, HP; Tschöpe, C; Westermann, D, 2009)
"Valsartan is a nonpeptide angiotensin receptor antagonist that selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the angiotensin II type 1 receptor."	2.45	Valsartan: more than a decade of experience. ( Bailey, J; Black, HR; Samuel, R; Zappe, D, 2009)
" In addition, combination therapy provided sustained and consistent BP control over the entire 24 hour dosing interval."	2.43	Fixed combination of zofenopril plus hydrochlorothiazide in the management of hypertension: a review of available data. ( Borghi, C; Cicero, AF, 2006)
"Such combination is very useful for treating various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia in addition to its antiplatelet aggregating activity."	1.56	Analysis of quinary therapy targeting multiple cardiovascular diseases using UV spectrophotometry and chemometric tools. ( Abdulwahab, S; Eissa, MS; Elsonbaty, A; Hassan, WS; Serag, A, 2020)
" The proportion of patients with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was 1."	1.40	Candesartan cilexetil 32 mg/hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in unselected patients with high or very high cardiovascular risk: efficacy, safety, and metabolic impact. ( Bramlage, P; Buhck, H; Zemmrich, C, 2014)
"Olmesartan has been also widely examined in combination of either hydrochlorothiazide or amlodipine, as well as with both drugs in a single-pill triple combination, showing improvements in antihypertensive efficacy without significant effects on tolerability."	1.39	Olmesartan-based therapies: an effective way to improve blood pressure control and cardiovascular protection. ( de la Sierra, A; Volpe, M, 2013)
"The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors leading to an increased risk for the subsequent development of diabetes and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality."	1.34	Irbesartan for the treatment of hypertension in patients with the metabolic syndrome: a sub analysis of the Treat to Target post authorization survey. Prospective observational, two armed study in 14,200 patients. ( Bramlage, P; Kintscher, U; Paar, WD; Thoenes, M; Unger, T, 2007)

Research

Studies (139)

Authors

Clinical Trials (27)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Time to Bone Fracture

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	20 (14.39)	18.7374
1990's	9 (6.47)	18.2507
2000's	32 (23.02)	29.6817
2010's	64 (46.04)	24.3611
2020's	14 (10.07)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Merat, S	5
Jafari, E	2
Radmard, AR	2
Khoshnia, M	5
Sharafkhah, M	1
Nateghi Baygi, A	1
Marshall, T	5
Shiravi Khuzani, A	2
Cheng, KK	4
Poustchi, H	5
Malekzadeh, R	6
Carey, RM	1
Moran, AE	1
Whelton, PK	1
Ishani, A	2
Cushman, WC	3
Leatherman, SM	2
Lew, RA	2
Woods, P	2
Glassman, PA	2
Taylor, AA	2
Hau, C	2
Klint, A	2
Huang, GD	2
Brophy, MT	2
Fiore, LD	2
Ferguson, RE	2
Bosch, JJ	1
O'Donnell, MJ	1
Gao, P	4
Joseph, P	5
Pais, P	10
Xavier, D	9
Dans, A	6
Lopez Jaramillo, P	1
Yusuf, S	13
Oh, J	1
Kim, W	1
Kim, GH	1
Kim, HL	1
Park, SD	1
Min, KW	1
Hyun, D	1
Hong, JH	1
Lim, S	1
Shin, J	1
Roshandel, G	1
Hemming, K	3
Kamangar, F	1
Gharavi, A	1
Ostovaneh, MR	2
Nateghi, A	4
Majed, M	2
Navabakhsh, B	2
Pourshams, A	3
Nalini, M	1
Malekzadeh, F	4
Sadeghi, M	2
Mohammadifard, N	2
Sarrafzadegan, N	2
Naemi-Tabiei, M	1
Fazel, A	1
Brennan, P	1
Etemadi, A	2
Boffetta, P	1
Thomas, N	2
Elsonbaty, A	1
Serag, A	1
Abdulwahab, S	1
Hassan, WS	1
Eissa, MS	1
Gandomkar, A	1
Malekzadeh, Z	1
Moghadami, M	1
Fattahi, MR	1
Moini, M	1
Anushiravani, A	1
Mortazavi, R	1
Sadeghi Boogar, S	1
Mohammadkarimi, V	1
Abtahi, F	1
Sepanlou, SG	1
Teo, K	3
López-Jaramillo, P	6
Yusoff, K	5
Santoso, A	2
Gamra, H	2
Talukder, S	2
Christou, C	1
Girish, P	1
Yeates, K	2
Xavier, F	1
Dagenais, G	4
Rocha, C	1
McCready, T	1
Tyrwhitt, J	2
Bosch, J	8
Gallieni, M	1
Paik, JM	1
Fiorina, P	1
Alam, A	1
Carey, SA	1
Hall, SA	1
Messerli, FH	1
Brguljan, J	1
Bangalore, S	1
Wald, N	1
Wald, D	1
Law, M	1
Cainzos-Achirica, M	1
Jenner, R	1
Fatureto-Borges, F	1
Costa-Hong, V	1
Lopes, HF	1
Teixeira, SH	1
Marum, E	1
Giorgi, DAM	1
Consolim-Colombo, FM	1
Bortolotto, LA	1
Lorenzi-Filho, G	1
Krieger, EM	1
Drager, LF	1
Lafeber, M	3
Spiering, W	3
Visseren, FL	2
Grobbee, DE	4
Bots, ML	4
Stanton, A	2
Patel, A	4
Prabhakaran, D	2
Webster, R	4
Thom, S	3
Rodgers, A	6
Lonn, E	5
Lopez, P	1
Zhu, J	4
Keltai, M	5
Reid, C	1
Khunti, K	3
Toff, W	1
Piegas, L	1
Kim, JH	2
Swaminathan, B	2
Bohm, M	1
Dagenais, GR	1
Jung, H	4
Bogaty, PM	1
Dehghan, M	1
Held, C	4
Avezum, A	4
Jansky, P	4
Leiter, LA	3
Toff, WD	4
Dans, AL	1
Lopez, PC	1
Lamy, A	1
Tong, W	1
Gafni, A	1
Kjeldsen, S	1
Mancia, G	4
Schmieder, R	1
Mattheus, M	1
Unger, T	3
Poulter, N	1
Field, J	1
Reddy, KS	1
Cidambi, R	1
Bompoint, S	2
Billot, L	2
Chrysant, SG	2
Bramlage, P	5
Buhck, H	1
Zemmrich, C	1
Stevanović, J	1
O'Prinsen, AC	1
Verheggen, BG	1
Schuiling-Veninga, N	1
Postma, MJ	1
Pechlivanoglou, P	1
Cass, A	1
Peiris, D	1
Usherwood, T	1
Brown, A	1
Jan, S	1
Neal, B	1
Hillis, GS	1
Rafter, N	2
Tonkin, A	1
Burch, C	1
Burke, H	1
Hayman, N	1
Molanus, B	1
Reid, CM	5
Shiel, L	1
Togni, S	1
Selak, V	1
Elley, CR	1
Bullen, C	1
Crengle, S	1
Wadham, A	1
Parag, V	1
Harwood, M	1
Doughty, RN	1
Arroll, B	1
Milne, RJ	1
Bramley, D	1
Bryant, L	1
Jackson, R	1
Borghi, C	2
Omboni, S	2
Marjani, H	1
Jaafari, E	1
Naemi, M	1
Thomas, GN	2
Zappe, DH	2
Crikelair, N	1
Kandra, A	1
Palatini, P	1
Chowdhury, EK	1
Ademi, Z	1
Moss, JR	1
Wing, LMH	1
Pogue, J	4
Chazova, I	3
Diaz, R	3
Fodor, GJ	1
Keltai, K	3
Kunti, K	1
Leiter, L	1
Lewis, B	1
Liu, L	10
Parkhomenko, A	3
Peters, RJ	3
Piegas, LS	3
Sliwa, K	3
Varigos, J	3
Harrison, TN	1
Green, KR	1
Liu, IL	1
Vansomphone, SS	1
Handler, J	1
Scott, RD	1
Cheetham, TC	1
Reynolds, K	1
Waters, DD	1
Chau, KH	1
Visseren, FLj	1
Goff, DC	1
Lewis, BS	2
Accini, JL	1
McKelvie, R	2
Lonn, EM	1
Molina, DI	1
Wilkinson, J	1
Torjesen, I	1
Ridker, PM	1
Wyatt, CM	1
Chertow, GM	1
LeFevre, M	1
Ferket, BS	1
Hunink, MG	1
Khanji, M	1
Agarwal, I	1
Fleischmann, KE	1
Petersen, SE	1
Aumiller, J	1
Forslund, L	1
Chobanian, AV	1
Jamerson, K	3
Weber, MA	7
Bakris, GL	5
Dahlöf, B	5
Pitt, B	4
Shi, V	2
Hester, A	1
Gupte, J	1
Gatlin, M	1
Velazquez, EJ	3
Sigamani, A	3
Afzal, R	3
Eikelboom, J	1
Mohan, V	1
Gupta, R	1
Izzo, JL	2
Black, HR	2
Bailey, J	1
Zappe, D	2
Samuel, R	1
Plosker, GL	1
Westermann, D	1
Savvatis, K	1
Schultheiss, HP	1
Tschöpe, C	2
Ernst, ME	1
Carter, BL	1
Zheng, S	1
Grimm, RH	2
Sarafidis, PA	1
Weir, MR	5
Staikos-Byrne, L	1
Kelly, RY	2
Chiang, YT	1
Shah, T	1
Shah, G	1
Jha, V	1
Ghosh, C	1
Desai, J	1
Khamar, B	1
Chakraborty, BS	1
Maniadakis, N	1
Ekman, M	1
Fragoulakis, V	1
Papagiannopoulou, V	1
Yfantopoulos, J	1
Wang, W	2
Ma, L	2
Zhang, Y	6
Deng, Q	2
Liu, M	2
van Mourik, MS	1
Cameron, A	2
Ewen, M	1
Laing, RO	1
Mendis, S	2
Johnston, SC	1
Fan, W	1
Oladapo, O	1
Faramawi, MF	1
Jamerson, KA	2
Gharravi, M	1
Aslani, A	1
Rastegarpanah, M	1
Semnani, S	1
Salahi, R	1
Larijani, B	1
Wilford Germino, F	1
Andalib, A	1
Akhtari, S	1
Rigal, R	1
Curnew, G	1
Leclerc, JM	1
Vaillancourt, M	1
Tardif, JC	1
Soliman, EZ	1
Dissanayake, WP	1
Somasundaram, NP	1
Gunaratne, PS	1
Jayasingne, IK	1
Furberg, CD	3
Zhang, X	3
Zanchetti, A	7
McInnes, GT	3
Bönner, G	1
Landers, B	1
Lins, R	1
Coen, N	1
Aerts, A	1
Macdonald, K	1
Brié, H	1
Hermans, C	1
Shen, YM	1
Lee, C	1
Vancayzeele, S	1
Mecum, N	1
Abraham, I	1
Slany, J	1
Nirnberger, G	1
Pittrow, LA	1
Devereux, RB	2
Kjeldsen, SE	4
Wright, JT	1
Hua, TA	2
Hester, RA	1
Velazquez, E	1
Zhao, Y	1
Sun, H	1
Wang, J	1
Greathouse, MK	1
Roush, GC	1
Holford, TR	1
Guddati, AK	1
Carey, KM	1
Comee, MR	1
Donovan, JL	1
Kanaan, AO	1
Teo, KK	1
Wald, DS	1
Morris, JK	1
Wald, NJ	1
Stabler, SN	1
Tejani, AM	1
Huynh, F	1
Fowkes, C	1
Wang, Y	1
Tang, X	1
Julius, S	3
Jia, Y	1
Brunner, HR	2
Schork, A	2
Kereiakes, DJ	1
Littlejohn, T	1
Melino, M	1
Lee, J	1
Fernandez, V	1
Heyrman, R	1
Tziomalos, K	1
Athyros, VG	1
Mikhailidis, DP	1
Karagiannis, A	1
de la Sierra, A	1
Volpe, M	1
Aurup, P	1
Edelman, J	1
Beevers, G	1
de Faire, U	1
Fyhrquist, F	1
Ibsen, H	1
Kristianson, K	1
Lederballe-Pedersen, O	1
Lindholm, LH	1
Nieminen, MS	1
Omvik, P	1
Oparil, S	1
Snapinn, S	1
Wedel, H	1
Brown, M	1
Castaigne, A	1
de Leeuw, P	1
Palmer, CR	1
Rosenthal, T	1
Wagener, G	1
Ruilope, LM	3
Westphal, S	1
Rading, A	1
Luley, C	1
Dierkes, J	1
Lithell, H	1
Hansson, L	3
Skoog, I	1
Elmfeldt, D	1
Hofman, A	1
Olofsson, B	1
Trenkwalder, P	1
CLEMENCON, G	1
SOKOLOV-PONOMAREVA, OD	1
BEREZHKOV, LF	1
NEDOSTUP, AV	1
KRAVCHENKO, GT	1
Weber, M	1
Ekman, S	1
Hua, T	1
Laragh, J	1
Mitchell, L	1
Plat, F	1
Smith, B	1
Pittrow, D	1
Kirch, W	1
Weder, AB	1
Minutolo, R	1
De Nicola, L	1
Zamboli, P	1
Chiodini, P	1
Signoriello, G	1
Toderico, C	1
Arfè, G	1
Boschi, G	1
Brancati, C	1
Iaccarino, P	1
Conte, G	1
Liu, G	1
Li, W	1
Kamgar, M	1
Nobakhthaghighi, N	1
Shamshirsaz, AA	1
Estacio, RO	1
McFann, KK	1
Schrier, RW	1
Tschöpe, R	1
Cicero, AF	1
Kintscher, U	1
Paar, WD	1
Thoenes, M	1
Scholze, J	1
Müller, U	1
Neutel, JM	1
Bhaumik, A	1
De Obaldia, ME	1
Lapuerta, P	1
Schönrock, E	1
Odoj, P	1
Wolf, WP	1
Funken, C	1
Kaplan, NM	1
Maksudkhanov, TU	1
Karamanova, EI	1
Akhmedova, ZA	1
Rosenberg, L	1
Shapiro, S	1
Slone, D	1
Kaufman, DW	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Fixed-dose Combination Therapy (PolyPill) in Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged and Elderly Iranians - Focus on Liver-Related Variables.[NCT01245608]	Phase 3	2,400 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
CSP #597 - Diuretic Comparison Project[NCT02185417]	Phase 3	13,523 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-15	Completed
Polypill Strategy for Evidence-Based Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in an Underserved Patient Population[NCT05514938]	Phase 2	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-11-30	Recruiting
Effectiveness of Polypill for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (PolyPars): Study Design and Rationale for a Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03459560]	Phase 3	4,415 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-20	Active, not recruiting
Fixed-dose Combination Therapy (PolyPill) in Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged and Elderly Iranians[NCT01271985]	Phase 3	8,410 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-02-28	Completed
Polipill and RiscOMeter to Prevent StrOke and CogniTive ImpairmEnt in Primary Health Care[NCT05155137]	Phase 3	12,268 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-12-20	Recruiting
Study of Adherence to Antihypertensive Drugs and Statins in the Population of Subjects With Hypertension Followed at SIIA Centers, Using an Innovative Monitoring Based on Hair Analysis[NCT05347823]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-05-15	Not yet recruiting
The International Polycap Study 3 (TIPS-3) is a Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial for the Evaluation of a Polycap, Low Dose Aspirin and Vitamin D Supplementation in Primary Prevention[NCT01646437]	Phase 3	7,793 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-06-30	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study of Rosuvastatin (CRESTOR®) 20 mg in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events Among Subjects With Low Levels of Low Density Lipoprotein(LDL) Cholesterol & Elevated Levels of C-Reacti[NCT00239681]	Phase 3	17,802 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-02-28	Terminated (stopped due to See detailed description for reason.)
Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3[NCT00468923]	Phase 4	12,705 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Completed
Fixed Combination for Lipid and Blood Pressure Control. Randomized Cross-over Study[NCT03047538]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-09-01	Withdrawn (stopped due to Insufficient funds)
A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Fixed-dose Combination Polypill Medication (the Red Heart Pill) and Usual Care in Those at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.[NCT01057537]	Phase 3	2,004 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
A Randomized, Double Blind, Double Dummy, Parallel Group, Active-Controlled Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Morning Versus Evening Doses Of 320 Mg Valsartan Versus 40 Mg Lisinopril On The 24 Hour Blood Pressure Profile In Patients With Hypertension[NCT00241124]	Phase 4	1,099 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-04-30	Completed
A Multi-center, Open-label, Randomized, 12-month, Parallel-group, Non-inferiority Study to Compare the Hemoglobin A1C Metabolism of Pitavastatin Therapy Versus Atorvastatin in Chinese Patients With Prediabetes and Hypertension[NCT03532620]	Phase 4	396 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-08-09	Recruiting
Effect of Combined Antihypertensive Therapy on Blood Pressure and Sexual Function in Patients With Essential Hypertension[NCT01238705]	Phase 4	280 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-04-30	Recruiting
A Prospective, Multinational, Multicenter Trial to Compare the Effects of Amlodipine/Benazepril to Benazepril and Hydrochlorothiazide Combined on the Reduction of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With High Risk Hypertension[NCT00170950]	Phase 3	11,506 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Terminated (stopped due to The study was terminated early because of significant efficacy results for the primary endpoint in favor of benazepril/amlodipine treatment.)
A Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial of the Efficacy and Safety of POLYCAP (Quintapill)Versus Its Components in Subjects With at Least One Additional Cardiovascular Risk Factor[NCT00443794]		2,050 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-03-31	Completed
The Feasibility of a Polypill Clinical Trial for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Pilot Study[NCT00567307]	Phase 2	216 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Felodipine Event Reduction Study[NCT01136863]		9,800 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1998-04-30	Completed
Phase 4 Study of Effects of ARB Compared With Diuretics in Hypertension Patients With High Cardiovascular Risks[NCT01011660]	Phase 4	13,542 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Recruiting
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel Group Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Co-Administration of a Triple Combination Therapy of Olmesartan Medoxomil, Amlodipine Besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide in Subjects With Hypertension[NCT00649389]	Phase 3	2,500 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-05-31	Completed
A Randomised Controlled Cross-over Trial to Evaluate Evening Versus Morning Administration of a Cardiovascular Polypill[NCT01506505]		78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-07-31	Completed
Pilot Study of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Patients With Muscular Dystrophy[NCT02921321]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2014-01-31	Active, not recruiting
A Triple-Blind, Parallel Study to Investigate the Effect of Losartan Versus Atenolol on the Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality in Hypertensive Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy[NCT00338260]	Phase 3	496 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1995-06-30	Completed
Prevention of Hypertension Incidence and Diabetes Italian Assessment Study. Therapeutic Strategies of Prevention of Diabetes and Hypertension in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome and High-Normal Blood Pressure.[NCT00456963]	Phase 4	3,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2007-09-30	Terminated (stopped due to Because of delay in approval of the protocol by a number of Ethics Commitees the trial was terminated on March 4, 2010. No patient had received any study drug.)
The Novel Antihypertensive Goal Of hYpertension With diAbetes - Hypertensive Events and ARb Treatment (NAGOYA-HEART) Study[NCT00129233]	Phase 4	1,150 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-10-31	Completed
A Pivotal Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness of Isometric Handgrip Therapy In Prehypertensive And Hypertensive Patients[NCT04467879]		146 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Terminated (stopped due to New Protocol and Outcome Measures in Review)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Days from randomization until bone fracture. If no event, then censoring occurs at earliest of termination date or efficacy cutoff date of 30 Mar 2008. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: Up to 5 years

Time to Death Due to Any Cause

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1662.7
Placebo	1546.9

Days from randomization to death. If no death then censoring occurs at earliest of termination date or efficacy cutoff date of 30 Mar 2008. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: up to 5 years

Time to Development of Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention	days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1543.3
Placebo	1619.1

Days from randomization until development of diabetes. If no diabetes was developed censoring occurred at termination date. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: up to 5 years

Time to Major Cardiac Event (Cardiovascular Death, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, Hospitalization Due to Unstable Angina or Arterial Revascularization)

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1687.0
Placebo	1517.0

Days from randomization to the first of CV death, stroke, MI, hospitalization for unstable angina or arterial revascularization. If no event, censoring occurs at earliest of termination date or efficacy cut-off date of 30 Mar 2008. Events were adjudicated by an endpoint committee. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: up to 5 years

Time to Non-cardiovascular Death

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1646.4
Placebo	1578.3

Days from randomization to death from a non-cardiovascular cause. If no event, then censoring occurs at earliest of termination date or efficacy cutoff date of 30 Mar 2008. Events were adjudicated by an endpoint committee. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: up to 5 years

Time to Venous Thromboembolic Event

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1558.5
Placebo	1640.5

Time from randomization to the first venous thromboembolic event. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the mean (NCT00239681)
Timeframe: up to 5 years

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Cardiovascular (CV) Mortality Event, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction (MI), or Non-fatal Stroke

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Rosuvastatin	1147.4
Placebo	1377.2

CV mortality was defined as death due to sudden cardiac death, fatal MI, fatal stroke, coronary intervention, congestive heart failure (CHF), or other CV causes. (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV mortality event, MI (non-fatal), or stroke (non-fatal) (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Composite Cardiovascular (CV) Morbidity Event

Intervention	Percentage of Patients with an Event (Number)
Benazepril/Amlodipine	5.0
Benazepril/Hydrochlorothiazide	6.3

Cardiovascular morbidity was defined as including any of the following events: non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, resuscitated sudden death, or coronary revascularization procedure (PCI or CABG). (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV morbidity event (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])]

Time-to-event Analysis of Percentage of Patients With a Composite Cardiovascular (CV) Morbidity or Mortality Event

Intervention	Percentage of Patients with an Event (Number)
Benazepril/Amlodipine	8.6
Benazepril/Hydrochlorothiazide	10.3

CV morbidity was defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, resuscitated sudden death, or coronary revascularization procedure. CV mortality was defined as death due to MI, stroke, coronary intervention, congestive heart failure (CHF), sudden cardiac death, or other CV causes. (NCT00170950)
Timeframe: For each patient, baseline to time of first CV morbidity or mortality event (or last exposure if no event occurred). (Median duration of exposure was 33.4 months. [25th to 75th percentiles: 21 to 41 months.])

Reduction of the Estimated 10-year Total Cardiovascular Risk Score

Intervention	Percentage of Patients with an event (Number)
Benazepril/Amlodipine	9.6
Benazepril/Hydrochlorothiazide	11.8

Estimated 10-year CVD total risk score were calculated in the field centers and in the Coordinating Center from the measures of blood pressure and total cholesterol and from the medical history data collected during each visit using the WHO CVD prediction chart. The estimated 10-year CVD total risk calculated by the Coordinating Center were used for analysis. the score is based on systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol measures as well as on medical history data (monthly). Each one of these risk factors is assigned a point in the score and then linked to a table that mention the calculated CVD risk (NCT00567307)
Timeframe: Six months

Intervention	percent (Mean)
The Polypill Group (Arm A)	11.5
Standard Practice Group (Arm B)	11.1

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
OM40/AML10	-17.8
OM40/HCTZ25	-16.5
AML10/HCTZ25	-14.8
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-21.5

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
OM40/AML10	-31.1
OM40/HCTZ25	-31.2
AML10/HCTZ25	-28.9
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-38.1

Intervention	Percentage of subjects (Number)
OM40/AML10	46.0
OM40/HCTZ25	46.6
AML10/HCTZ25	34.9
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	64.3

Intervention	mm Hg (Mean)
	Diastolic blood pressure	Systolic blood pressure
AML10/HCTZ25	-10.7	-18.5
OM40/AML10	-13.9	-23.5
OM40/AML10/HCTZ25	-18.0	-30.3
OM40/HCTZ25	-14.5	-23.9

hydrochlorothiazide and Cardiovascular Diseases