hydrochloric acid has been researched along with Chronic Illness in 43 studies
Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.
hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Aim of the present experience was to carry out a study on a dyspeptic population in order to verify the role of Helicobacter Pylori (HP), duodenal gastric metaplasia (GM), hydrochloric acid secretion in the genesis of chronic autonomous non-specific duodenitis (ANSD)." | 7.69 | Duodenal gastric metaplasia, gastric anatomic-functional correlations (parietal cell mass and hydrochloric acid secretion) and Helicobacter pylori. Any differences between chronic autonomous non-specific duodenitis ("non active") and duodenal ulcer? ( Cheli, R; Cornaggia, M; Testino, G, 1997) |
| " In a chronic model, by acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers, COX-2 was expressed at 7 days and was also associated with PGE(2) increase." | 3.73 | COX expression and PGE(2) and PGD(2) production in experimental acute and chronic gastric lesions. ( Alarcón de la Lastra, C; Bruseghini, L; Manuel Herrerias, J; Motilva, V; Sánchez-Fidalgo, S, 2005) |
| "We investigated the effect of probucol, a lipid-lowering agent with antioxidant properties, on HCl plus ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury and on the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats." | 3.70 | Anti-ulcer effects of antioxidants: effect of probucol. ( Ishihara, M; Ito, M; Suzuki, Y, 1998) |
| "In a previous paper, we showed that an inhibition of amino acid transport across the liver plasma membrane is responsible for the decrease in urea synthesis in acute metabolic acidosis." | 3.69 | Response of hepatic amino acid consumption to chronic metabolic acidosis. ( Blommaart, PJ; Boon, L; Lamers, WH; Meijer, AJ; Schoolwerth, AC, 1996) |
| "Aim of the present experience was to carry out a study on a dyspeptic population in order to verify the role of Helicobacter Pylori (HP), duodenal gastric metaplasia (GM), hydrochloric acid secretion in the genesis of chronic autonomous non-specific duodenitis (ANSD)." | 3.69 | Duodenal gastric metaplasia, gastric anatomic-functional correlations (parietal cell mass and hydrochloric acid secretion) and Helicobacter pylori. Any differences between chronic autonomous non-specific duodenitis ("non active") and duodenal ulcer? ( Cheli, R; Cornaggia, M; Testino, G, 1997) |
| " For this purpose, the plasma and renal responses to chronic respiratory acidosis in normal dogs were compared to those in dogs chronically fed a large hydrochloric acid (HCl) load (7 mmoles/kg/day)." | 3.67 | Regulation of acid-base equilibrium in chronic hypercapnia. ( Cohen, JJ; Madias, NE; Wolf, CJ, 1985) |
| "Disordered gustatory acuity was demonstrated in 22 patients with acute viral hepatitis and in 16 patients with chronic liver disease utilizing subjective responses and objective measurements of detection and recognition thresholds and scaling for NaCl, sucrose, HCl, and urea." | 3.65 | Disordered gustatory acuity in liver disease. ( Dell, RB; Henkin, RI; Smith, FR, 1976) |
| "Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is one of the most common causes of chronic cough; however, the mechanisms by which GOR initiates coughing are incompletely understood." | 2.73 | Acidification of the oesophagus acutely increases the cough sensitivity in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux and chronic cough. ( Balaz, D; Demeter, M; Hyrdel, R; Javorkova, N; Kollarik, M; Pecova, R; Tatar, M; Varechova, S, 2008) |
| "Cough was recorded with a microphone and then computer analyzed." | 2.67 | Pathogenesis of chronic persistent cough associated with gastroesophageal reflux. ( Breslin, AB; Ing, AJ; Ngu, MC, 1994) |
| "Gastro-oesophageal reflux is frequent in chronic airway diseases and is considered a trigger for symptoms." | 1.36 | Tiotropium reduction of lung inflammation in a model of chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux. ( Advenier, C; Chen, H; Cui, Y; Devillier, P; Kuang, X; Wang, H; Xia, Z; Xu, Z; Zemoura, L; Zhu, L, 2010) |
| "The multiple variant of aero-digestive foreign bodies' pathology determine many complex aspects with regard to their physiopathology, nature, and their location." | 1.36 | [Medical handicap and otorhinolaryngologic foreign bodies about 4 original cases]. ( Ag Mohamed, A; Doumbia-Singare, K; Guindo, B; Keita, MA; Soumaoro, S; Timbo, SK; Togola-Konipo, F; Traore, L, 2010) |
| "It has been suggested that gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) may also impair LPS, although the underlying mechanism is unclear." | 1.33 | Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and cough have impaired laryngopharyngeal mechanosensitivity. ( Ing, AJ; McGarvey, LP; Ngu, MC; Phua, SY, 2005) |
| "Chronic metabolic acidosis was induced in normal SD rats by HCl ingestion for 7 days; controls were pair-fed." | 1.33 | Changes in subcellular distribution of the ammonia transporter, Rhcg, in response to chronic metabolic acidosis. ( Handlogten, ME; Klein, JD; Sands, JM; Seshadri, RM; Smith, T; Verlander, JW; Weiner, ID, 2006) |
| "Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed by measuring the withdrawal thresholds to mechanical stimuli (von Frey filaments) before the first and second intramuscular injection, 24 h after the second intramuscular injection, and for 1 h after administration of the opioid agonist or vehicle." | 1.31 | Chronic muscle pain induced by repeated acid Injection is reversed by spinally administered mu- and delta-, but not kappa-, opioid receptor agonists. ( Bussey, RA; Eikenberry, SA; Rohlwing, JJ; Sluka, KA; Wilken, JM, 2002) |
| "Infection was significantly more common in intensive chemotherapy cancer patients (P = 0." | 1.30 | Complications of central venous access devices in children with and without cancer. ( Dalton, DM; Isaacs, D; Lui, K; Martin, H; Shaw, P; Tobiansky, R, 1997) |
| "To study mechanisms of gastroesophageal reflux-induced bronchoconstriction during intraesophageal infusions." | 1.29 | Gastroesophageal reflux-induced bronchoconstriction. An intraesophageal acid infusion study using state-of-the-art technology. ( Bradley, LA; Haile, JM; Harding, SM; Richter, JE; Schan, CA, 1994) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 20 (46.51) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 9 (20.93) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 9 (20.93) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 4 (9.30) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.33) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Solopov, P | 1 |
| Colunga Biancatelli, RML | 1 |
| Dimitropoulou, C | 1 |
| Catravas, JD | 1 |
| Tammaro, G | 1 |
| Zacchia, M | 1 |
| Zona, E | 1 |
| Zacchia, E | 1 |
| Capasso, G | 1 |
| Klein-Júnior, LC | 1 |
| Santin, JR | 1 |
| Lemos, M | 1 |
| Silveira, AC | 1 |
| Rocha, JA | 1 |
| Beber, AP | 1 |
| Wagner, TM | 1 |
| Bresolin, TM | 1 |
| Bella-Cruz, A | 1 |
| Cechinel-Filho, V | 1 |
| Faloni de Andrade, S | 1 |
| Peles, S | 1 |
| Medda, BK | 1 |
| Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Banerjee, B | 1 |
| Lehmann, A | 1 |
| Shaker, R | 1 |
| Sengupta, JN | 1 |
| Cui, Y | 1 |
| Devillier, P | 1 |
| Kuang, X | 1 |
| Wang, H | 1 |
| Zhu, L | 1 |
| Xu, Z | 1 |
| Xia, Z | 1 |
| Zemoura, L | 1 |
| Advenier, C | 1 |
| Chen, H | 1 |
| Timbo, SK | 1 |
| Keita, MA | 1 |
| Doumbia-Singare, K | 1 |
| Togola-Konipo, F | 1 |
| Traore, L | 1 |
| Guindo, B | 1 |
| Soumaoro, S | 1 |
| Ag Mohamed, A | 1 |
| Cayan, S | 2 |
| Chermansky, C | 1 |
| Schlote, N | 1 |
| Sekido, N | 1 |
| Nunes, L | 1 |
| Dahiya, R | 1 |
| Tanagho, EA | 1 |
| Sluka, KA | 1 |
| Rohlwing, JJ | 1 |
| Bussey, RA | 1 |
| Eikenberry, SA | 1 |
| Wilken, JM | 1 |
| Coşkun, B | 1 |
| Bozlu, M | 1 |
| Acar, D | 1 |
| Akbay, E | 1 |
| Ulusoy, E | 1 |
| Motilva, V | 1 |
| Alarcón de la Lastra, C | 1 |
| Bruseghini, L | 1 |
| Manuel Herrerias, J | 1 |
| Sánchez-Fidalgo, S | 1 |
| Phua, SY | 1 |
| McGarvey, LP | 1 |
| Ngu, MC | 2 |
| Ing, AJ | 2 |
| Seshadri, RM | 1 |
| Klein, JD | 1 |
| Smith, T | 1 |
| Sands, JM | 1 |
| Handlogten, ME | 1 |
| Verlander, JW | 1 |
| Weiner, ID | 1 |
| Poplawski, C | 1 |
| Sosnowski, D | 1 |
| Szaflarska-Popławska, A | 1 |
| Sarosiek, J | 1 |
| McCallum, R | 1 |
| Bartuzi, Z | 1 |
| Javorkova, N | 1 |
| Varechova, S | 1 |
| Pecova, R | 1 |
| Tatar, M | 1 |
| Balaz, D | 1 |
| Demeter, M | 1 |
| Hyrdel, R | 1 |
| Kollarik, M | 1 |
| Madias, NE | 4 |
| Bossert, WH | 1 |
| Adrogué, HJ | 1 |
| Muhletaler, CA | 1 |
| Gerlock, AJ | 1 |
| de Soto, L | 1 |
| Halter, SA | 1 |
| Mel'nichenko, LIa | 1 |
| Rimarchuk, GV | 1 |
| Lozovskaia, LI | 1 |
| Miasnikova, II | 1 |
| Bogdanovich, NE | 1 |
| Proshagina, VS | 1 |
| Levine, DZ | 1 |
| Iacovitti, M | 1 |
| Buckman, S | 1 |
| Vandorpe, D | 1 |
| Harrison, V | 1 |
| Boisvert, DM | 1 |
| Nadler, SP | 1 |
| Schan, CA | 1 |
| Harding, SM | 1 |
| Haile, JM | 1 |
| Bradley, LA | 1 |
| Richter, JE | 1 |
| Breslin, AB | 1 |
| Boon, L | 1 |
| Blommaart, PJ | 1 |
| Meijer, AJ | 1 |
| Lamers, WH | 1 |
| Schoolwerth, AC | 1 |
| Testino, G | 1 |
| Cornaggia, M | 1 |
| Cheli, R | 1 |
| Tobiansky, R | 1 |
| Lui, K | 1 |
| Dalton, DM | 1 |
| Shaw, P | 1 |
| Martin, H | 1 |
| Isaacs, D | 1 |
| Ito, M | 1 |
| Suzuki, Y | 2 |
| Ishihara, M | 1 |
| Lanas, A | 1 |
| Royo, Y | 1 |
| Ortego, J | 1 |
| Molina, M | 1 |
| Sáinz, R | 1 |
| Rodriguez-Stanley, S | 1 |
| Robinson, M | 1 |
| Earnest, DL | 1 |
| Greenwood-Van Meerveld, B | 1 |
| Miner, PB | 1 |
| Cohen, JJ | 3 |
| Wolf, CJ | 2 |
| Schwartz, WB | 2 |
| Dutta, SK | 1 |
| Russell, RM | 1 |
| Iber, FL | 1 |
| Hanssen, LE | 1 |
| Kåresen, R | 1 |
| Aune, S | 1 |
| Geller, LI | 1 |
| Kazimirchik, AP | 1 |
| Glinskaia, TP | 1 |
| Ozherel'eva, NIa | 1 |
| Smith, FR | 1 |
| Henkin, RI | 1 |
| Dell, RB | 1 |
| Degtiareva, II | 1 |
| Irodenko, NA | 1 |
| Ducolone, A | 2 |
| Vandevenne, A | 2 |
| Jouin, H | 2 |
| Grob, JC | 2 |
| Coumaros, D | 2 |
| Meyer, C | 2 |
| Burghard, G | 2 |
| Methlin, G | 2 |
| Hollender, L | 2 |
| Evers, H | 1 |
| Herrmann, H | 1 |
| Ohme, G | 1 |
| Tuzhilin, SA | 2 |
| Saluen'ia, AI | 1 |
| Makarova, NA | 1 |
| Sokolov, VI | 1 |
| Bondar', ZA | 1 |
| Rösch, W | 1 |
| Sastre, A | 1 |
| Lahoz, F | 1 |
| Rodicio, JL | 1 |
| Pérez Guerrero, J | 1 |
| Fontán, JM | 1 |
| Dinstl, K | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intravesical Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis Refractory to Conventional Treatment - A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial[NCT01969773] | Phase 2 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-12-31 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
2 trials available for hydrochloric acid and Chronic Illness
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Acidification of the oesophagus acutely increases the cough sensitivity in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux and chronic cough.
Topics: Acids; Adult; Chronic Disease; Cough; Double-Blind Method; Esophagus; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflu | 2008 |
Pathogenesis of chronic persistent cough associated with gastroesophageal reflux.
Topics: Adult; Afferent Pathways; Chronic Disease; Cough; Double-Blind Method; Efferent Pathways; Esophagus; | 1994 |
41 other studies available for hydrochloric acid and Chronic Illness
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Dietary Phytoestrogens Ameliorate Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Chronic Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Diet; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Hydrochloric Acid; Inflammation; Leuk | 2021 |
Acute and chronic effects of metabolic acidosis on renal function and structure.
Topics: Acidosis; Actins; Ammonium Chloride; Angiotensinogen; Animals; Chronic Disease; Collagen Type I; Dis | 2018 |
Role of gastric mucus secretion, oxinitrergic system and sulfhydryl groups on the gastroprotection elicited by Polygala cyparissias (Polygalaceae) in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Chronic Disease; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Helicobacter pylo | 2013 |
Differential effects of transient receptor vanilloid one (TRPV1) antagonists in acid-induced excitation of esophageal vagal afferent fibers of rats.
Topics: Acrylamides; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Capsaicin; Chronic | 2009 |
Tiotropium reduction of lung inflammation in a model of chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Atropine; Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Br | 2010 |
[Medical handicap and otorhinolaryngologic foreign bodies about 4 original cases].
Topics: Adult; Bronchi; Bronchitis; Burns, Chemical; Chronic Disease; Clothing; Deglutition Disorders; Denta | 2010 |
The bladder acellular matrix graft in a rat chemical cystitis model: functional and histologic evaluation.
Topics: Animals; Bioprosthesis; Chronic Disease; Cystitis; Female; Hydrochloric Acid; Prosthesis Implantatio | 2002 |
Chronic muscle pain induced by repeated acid Injection is reversed by spinally administered mu- and delta-, but not kappa-, opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics | 2002 |
Botulinum toxin type A may improve bladder function in a rat chemical cystitis model.
Topics: Animals; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Chronic Disease; Cystitis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydroc | 2003 |
COX expression and PGE(2) and PGD(2) production in experimental acute and chronic gastric lesions.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxyge | 2005 |
Patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and cough have impaired laryngopharyngeal mechanosensitivity.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease; Cough; Deglutition; Endoscopy; Female; Fiber Opt | 2005 |
Changes in subcellular distribution of the ammonia transporter, Rhcg, in response to chronic metabolic acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Ammonia; Animals; Cation Transport Proteins; Cell Membrane; Chronic Disease; Cytoplasm; Hy | 2006 |
Role of bile acids, prostaglandins and COX inhibitors in chronic esophagitis in a mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Chronic Disease; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Disease Mod | 2006 |
Ventilatory response to chronic metabolic acidosis and alkalosis in the dog.
Topics: Acidosis; Alkalosis; Animals; Chronic Disease; Desoxycorticosterone; Diuretics; Dogs; Female; Hydroc | 1984 |
Acid corrosive esophagitis: radiographic findings.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Burns, Chemical; Caustics; Chronic Disease; Corrosion; Esophagitis | 1980 |
[Mechanism of the analgesic effect of secretin].
Topics: Analgesics; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Mi | 1980 |
[Pancreatic exocrine functional disorders in digestive organ diseases in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholecystokinin; Chronic Disease; Digestive System Diseases; Hu | 1980 |
In vivo adaptation of bicarbonate reabsorption by rat distal tubules during acid loading.
Topics: Acclimatization; Acidosis; Acute Disease; Amiloride; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agen | 1994 |
Gastroesophageal reflux-induced bronchoconstriction. An intraesophageal acid infusion study using state-of-the-art technology.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Asthma; Bronchoconstriction; Chi-Square Distribution; Chronic Disease; | 1994 |
Response of hepatic amino acid consumption to chronic metabolic acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Alkalosis; Amino Acids; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Chronic Disease; Female; Hepatic Veins | 1996 |
Duodenal gastric metaplasia, gastric anatomic-functional correlations (parietal cell mass and hydrochloric acid secretion) and Helicobacter pylori. Any differences between chronic autonomous non-specific duodenitis ("non active") and duodenal ulcer?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Duodenal Diseases; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenitis; Duodenum; Female; Gastr | 1997 |
Complications of central venous access devices in children with and without cancer.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Catheterization, Central Venous; Catheters, Indwelling; Child; Ch | 1997 |
Anti-ulcer effects of antioxidants: effect of probucol.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Acute Disease; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Antioxidants; Chronic Disease; Cimetidine; D | 1998 |
Experimental esophagitis induced by acid and pepsin in rabbits mimicking human reflux esophagitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Cell Division; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Esophagitis, Peptic; | 1999 |
Esophageal hypersensitivity may be a major cause of heartburn.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Esophagoscopy; Esophagus; Female; Heartburn; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid | 1999 |
Regulation of acid-base equilibrium in chronic hypocapnia. Evidence that the response of the kidney is not geared to the defense of extracellular (H+).
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Animals; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Elect | 1976 |
The maladaptive renal response to secondary hypocapnia during chronic HCl acidosis in the dog.
Topics: Acidosis; Acute Disease; Animals; Bicarbonates; Carbon Dioxide; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Dose-Response | 1977 |
Impaired acid neutralization in the duodenum in pancreatic insufficiency.
Topics: Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Duodenum; Folic Acid; Gastric Juice; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydro | 1979 |
Immunoreactive secretin release in patients after duodenectomy and partial or total pancreatectomy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Duodenum; Female; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentratio | 1979 |
[Qualitative characteristics of intraduodenal administration of hydrochloric acid as a method of stimulation of secretion of pancreatic bicarbonates].
Topics: Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenum; Gastritis; Hepatitis; Humans; Hydrochloric | 1978 |
Disordered gustatory acuity in liver disease.
Topics: Anorexia; Chronic Disease; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Liver Cirrhosis; Sodiu | 1976 |
[Determination of alpha-amylase in the duodenal contents].
Topics: alpha-Amylases; Cholecystokinin; Chronic Disease; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Duodenum; Gastrointestinal | 1986 |
[Gastroesophageal reflux in asthmatic and chronic bronchitis patients].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Diaphragm; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans | 1988 |
Gastroesophageal reflux in patients with asthma and chronic bronchitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asthma; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Diaphragm; Esophagus; Female; G | 1987 |
Regulation of acid-base equilibrium in chronic hypercapnia.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Acidosis, Respiratory; Animals; Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Dogs | 1985 |
[Value of the maximal expiratory flow-volume diagram in a longitudinal study].
Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Forced Expiratory Flow Rates; | 1985 |
[Comparative evaluation of stimulants of pancreatic secretion in the diagnosis of chronic diseases of pancreas].
Topics: Cholecystokinin; Chronic Disease; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Liver Cirrhosis; Pancreas; Pancreatic D | 1970 |
[Changes in the exocrine function of the pancreas in gastroenterology patients].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amylases; Biliary Tract Diseases; Cholecystectomy; Cholecystitis; Cholelithiasis; Chron | 1974 |
[Therapeutic problems of chronic gastroenterologic diseases].
Topics: Aluminum Hydroxide; Chronic Disease; Gastritis; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Gastrointestinal Diseases; | 1973 |
[Chlorine in the therapy of chronic respiratory insufficiency].
Topics: Acidosis, Respiratory; Arginine; Chronic Disease; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid | 1969 |
Choice of operations for patients with duodenal ulcers.
Topics: Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Duodenal Ulcer; Fasting; Gastrectomy; Gastric Acidity Determination; | 1969 |