hydralazine and Disease Models, Animal studies

Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.
hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.

Disease Models, Animal: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To determine, using a mouse model of obesity, whether low-dose hydralazine prevents obesity-related chronic kidney disease (CKD)."	8.12	Low-dose hydralazine reduces albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis in a mouse model of obesity-related chronic kidney disease. ( Chen, H; Chen, J; Faiz, A; Glastras, SJ; Hou, M; Larkin, BP; Nguyen, LT; Pollock, CA; Saad, S; Wang, R, 2022)
"Studies were performed to determine if early treatment with an angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan, prevents the onset of microalbuminuria by attenuating glomerular podocyte injury in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus."	7.78	Early treatment with olmesartan prevents juxtamedullary glomerular podocyte injury and the onset of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic rats. ( Hara, T; Hayden, MR; Hitomi, H; Ichimura, A; Ito, S; Kaifu, K; Kawachi, H; Kiyomoto, H; Kobori, H; Kohno, M; Matsumoto, S; Nishijima, Y; Nishiyama, A; Ohsaki, H; Sofue, T; Sowers, JR; Urushihara, M; Whaley-Connell, A, 2012)
"We have previously found that T lymphocytes are essential for development of angiotensin II-induced hypertension; however, the mechanisms responsible for T-cell activation in hypertension remain undefined."	7.76	Central and peripheral mechanisms of T-lymphocyte activation and vascular inflammation produced by angiotensin II-induced hypertension. ( Gordon, FJ; Guzik, TJ; Harrison, DG; Lob, HE; Marvar, PJ; McCann, LA; Thabet, SR; Weyand, C, 2010)
" In this study, we have evaluated the potential of one such agent under study, namely hydralazine, which was shown earlier to enhance hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels in experimental animal systems."	7.75	Hypoxic pre-conditioning in a rat renal ischemia model: an evaluation of the use of hydralazine. ( Chander, P; Choudhury, M; Dorai, T; Grasso, M; Michels, C, 2009)
" Azelnidipine, hydralazine, or vehicle was orally administered for 28 days to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats."	7.74	Azelnidipine decreases sympathetic nerve activity via antioxidant effect in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. ( Araki, S; Hirooka, Y; Kishi, T; Koga, Y; Konno, S; Sunagawa, K, 2008)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the precise mechanism of liver failure by hydralazine derivatives, with special reference to liver regeneration failure."	7.74	A novel mechanism for drug-induced liver failure: inhibition of histone acetylation by hydralazine derivatives. ( Hamada, M; Murata, K; Nakano, T; Sugimoto, K, 2007)
"We investigated the effects of treatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, telmisartan, on abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in normotensive rats."	7.74	Telmisartan prevents aneurysm progression in the rat by inhibiting proteolysis, apoptosis and inflammation. ( Grzesiak, A; Kaschina, E; Kemnitz, UR; Krikov, M; Schrader, F; Sommerfeld, M; Unger, T, 2008)
"In the rat model of topical ferric chloride-induced carotid artery thrombosis, a transient blood flow velocity (VEL) increase is observed immediately following ferric chloride application."	7.72	Differential effects of sodium nitroprusside and hydralazine in a rat model of topical FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis. ( Bickel, DJ; Lyle, EA; Lynch, JJ; Robinson, MA; Welsh, DC, 2003)
" Data were collected at baseline, after induction of heart failure (microsphere embolization into the left coronary artery), and then after toborinone boluses of 0."	7.70	Acute effects of toborinone on vascular capacitance and conductance in experimental heart failure. ( Belenkie, I; Semeniuk, LM; Tyberg, JV, 1998)
"The influence of (+/-)-verapamil and hydralazine on stress- and various chemically-induced gastric ulcers in rats together with their influence on various biochemical parameters which affect the development of the induced ulcers was examined."	7.69	Effect of (+/-)-verapamil and hydralazine on stress- and chemically-induced gastric ulcers in rats. ( al-Bekairi, AM; al-Rajhi, AM; Tariq, M, 1994)
"We compared the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and a conventional antihypertensive regimen (hydralazine and metoprolol) on kidney function, albuminuria, and glomerular ultrastructure in hypertensive diabetic and nondiabetic rats."	7.68	Nephropathy in model combining genetic hypertension with experimental diabetes. Enalapril versus hydralazine and metoprolol therapy. ( Allen, TJ; Clarke, BE; Cooper, ME; Doyle, AE; Jerums, G; O'Brien, RC; Papazoglou, D, 1990)
"Treatment with sodium nitrite and hydralazine restored NO bioavailability, reduced oxidative and nitrosative stress, preserved endothelial function and mitochondrial respiration, limited the fibrotic response, and improved exercise capacity, ultimately attenuating the severity of "two-hit" HFpEF."	5.91	Combination Sodium Nitrite and Hydralazine Therapy Attenuates Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Severity in a "2-Hit" Murine Model. ( Doiron, JE; Goodchild, TT; Koul, K; LaPenna, KB; Lefer, DJ; Li, Z; Moles, K; Patel, RB; Polhemus, DJ; Shah, SJ; Sharp, TE; Wang, JS; Xia, H, 2023)
"Hydralazine-treated animals had lower body fat (15."	5.32	Hydralazine treatment alters body composition in the rabbit model of obesity. ( Carroll, JF; Cohen, JS; King, JW, 2004)
"Male spontaneously diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats at 8 weeks of age were randomly assigned to three groups: the liraglutide group (SDT-lira, n = 6) received a subcutaneous injection of liraglutide from the age of 8 to 16 weeks, the SDT-ins-hyd group (n = 6) was provided both insulin against hyperglycemia and hydralazine against hypertension to match levels of both blood glucose and blood pressure to those of the liraglutide group, and the control group of SDT fatty rats (SDT-vehicle, n = 7) and a nondiabetic control group of Sprague-Dawley rats (SD, n = 7) were injected with vehicle only."	4.12	Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, attenuated retinal thickening in spontaneously diabetic Torii fatty rats. ( Hoshino, S; Inoue, K; Kamijo-Ikemori, A; Kimura, K; Watanabe, M; Yamada, S, 2022)
"To determine, using a mouse model of obesity, whether low-dose hydralazine prevents obesity-related chronic kidney disease (CKD)."	4.12	Low-dose hydralazine reduces albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis in a mouse model of obesity-related chronic kidney disease. ( Chen, H; Chen, J; Faiz, A; Glastras, SJ; Hou, M; Larkin, BP; Nguyen, LT; Pollock, CA; Saad, S; Wang, R, 2022)
"Studies were performed to determine if early treatment with an angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan, prevents the onset of microalbuminuria by attenuating glomerular podocyte injury in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus."	3.78	Early treatment with olmesartan prevents juxtamedullary glomerular podocyte injury and the onset of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic rats. ( Hara, T; Hayden, MR; Hitomi, H; Ichimura, A; Ito, S; Kaifu, K; Kawachi, H; Kiyomoto, H; Kobori, H; Kohno, M; Matsumoto, S; Nishijima, Y; Nishiyama, A; Ohsaki, H; Sofue, T; Sowers, JR; Urushihara, M; Whaley-Connell, A, 2012)
" The prostaglandin E(2) receptor EP1 has been shown to contribute to hypertension by mediating angiotensin II-dependent vasoconstriction, although its precise role is incompletely characterized."	3.78	EP1 disruption attenuates end-organ damage in a mouse model of hypertension. ( Bartlett, CS; Boyd, KL; Breyer, RM; Harris, RC; Zent, R, 2012)
"We have previously found that T lymphocytes are essential for development of angiotensin II-induced hypertension; however, the mechanisms responsible for T-cell activation in hypertension remain undefined."	3.76	Central and peripheral mechanisms of T-lymphocyte activation and vascular inflammation produced by angiotensin II-induced hypertension. ( Gordon, FJ; Guzik, TJ; Harrison, DG; Lob, HE; Marvar, PJ; McCann, LA; Thabet, SR; Weyand, C, 2010)
" In this study, we have evaluated the potential of one such agent under study, namely hydralazine, which was shown earlier to enhance hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels in experimental animal systems."	3.75	Hypoxic pre-conditioning in a rat renal ischemia model: an evaluation of the use of hydralazine. ( Chander, P; Choudhury, M; Dorai, T; Grasso, M; Michels, C, 2009)
" Azelnidipine, hydralazine, or vehicle was orally administered for 28 days to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats."	3.74	Azelnidipine decreases sympathetic nerve activity via antioxidant effect in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. ( Araki, S; Hirooka, Y; Kishi, T; Koga, Y; Konno, S; Sunagawa, K, 2008)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the precise mechanism of liver failure by hydralazine derivatives, with special reference to liver regeneration failure."	3.74	A novel mechanism for drug-induced liver failure: inhibition of histone acetylation by hydralazine derivatives. ( Hamada, M; Murata, K; Nakano, T; Sugimoto, K, 2007)
"Although amlodipine, a long-acting L-type calcium channel blocker, reportedly prevents left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction after myocardial infarction, the mechanism responsible is not yet well understood."	3.74	Amlodipine inhibits granulation tissue cell apoptosis through reducing calcineurin activity to attenuate postinfarction cardiac remodeling. ( Aoyama, T; Esaki, M; Fujiwara, H; Fujiwara, T; Kanamori, H; Kawasaki, M; Maruyama, R; Minatoguchi, S; Miyata, S; Nakagawa, M; Ogino, A; Okada, H; Takemura, G; Ushikoshi, H, 2007)
" After 4 weeks of DOCA-salt hypertension, rats were either killed (n = 6), or treated with a non-hypotensive dose of spironolactone (n = 7) or triple therapy (hydrochlorothiazide, reserpine and hydralazine, n = 8) to normalize blood pressure or with vehicle (n = 19) for two further weeks."	3.74	Blood pressure versus direct mineralocorticoid effects on kidney inflammation and fibrosis in DOCA-salt hypertension. ( Cordasic, N; Hartner, A; Hilgers, KF; Klanke, B; Schmieder, RE; Veelken, R, 2008)
" Ischemia was induced by right femoral artery ligature in Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) or spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) treated with or without angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (Perindopril, 0."	3.74	Hypertension impairs postnatal vasculogenesis: role of antihypertensive agents. ( Cochain, C; Duriez, M; Lévy, BI; Loinard, C; Mees, B; Silvestre, JS; Vilar, J; You, D, 2008)
"We investigated the effects of treatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, telmisartan, on abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in normotensive rats."	3.74	Telmisartan prevents aneurysm progression in the rat by inhibiting proteolysis, apoptosis and inflammation. ( Grzesiak, A; Kaschina, E; Kemnitz, UR; Krikov, M; Schrader, F; Sommerfeld, M; Unger, T, 2008)
"We investigated whether gender differences in renal damage in DOCA-salt hypertension are associated with effects of ovarian hormones and/or endothelin-1 (ET-1)."	3.73	Endothelin-1 contributes to the sexual differences in renal damage in DOCA-salt rats. ( Callera, GE; Carvalho, MH; Fortes, ZB; Montezano, AC; Mota, AL; Nigro, D; Tostes, RC; Zorn, TM, 2005)
"In the rat model of topical ferric chloride-induced carotid artery thrombosis, a transient blood flow velocity (VEL) increase is observed immediately following ferric chloride application."	3.72	Differential effects of sodium nitroprusside and hydralazine in a rat model of topical FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis. ( Bickel, DJ; Lyle, EA; Lynch, JJ; Robinson, MA; Welsh, DC, 2003)
"The expression of HO-1 and iNOS in aorta increased with the SBP elevation during the development of SHR and was attenuated when the hypertension was lowered with the vasodilator hydralazine."	3.72	The expression of heme oxygenase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in aorta during the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ( Chen, JJ; Cheng, PY; Yen, MH, 2004)
" Hydralazine prevented hypertension and arteriolar rarefaction in adult mice, suggesting a non-NO-dependent pathway."	3.71	Decreased arteriolar density in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice is due to hypertension, not to the constitutive defect in endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme. ( Besnard, S; Feletou, M; Huang, PL; Kubis, N; Lévy, BI; Silvestre, JS; Tedgui, A, 2002)
" After 10 weeks of treatment with benidipine (1, 3, and 5 mg/kg body weight, p."	3.70	Benidipine, a long-acting calcium-channel blocker, prevents the progression to end-stage renal failure in a rat mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. ( Kawachi, H; Nakamura, T; Obata, JE; Onitsuka, M; Shimada, Y; Shimizu, F; Yoshida, Y, 2000)
" Data were collected at baseline, after induction of heart failure (microsphere embolization into the left coronary artery), and then after toborinone boluses of 0."	3.70	Acute effects of toborinone on vascular capacitance and conductance in experimental heart failure. ( Belenkie, I; Semeniuk, LM; Tyberg, JV, 1998)
"The influence of (+/-)-verapamil and hydralazine on stress- and various chemically-induced gastric ulcers in rats together with their influence on various biochemical parameters which affect the development of the induced ulcers was examined."	3.69	Effect of (+/-)-verapamil and hydralazine on stress- and chemically-induced gastric ulcers in rats. ( al-Bekairi, AM; al-Rajhi, AM; Tariq, M, 1994)
"We compared the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and a conventional antihypertensive regimen (hydralazine and metoprolol) on kidney function, albuminuria, and glomerular ultrastructure in hypertensive diabetic and nondiabetic rats."	3.68	Nephropathy in model combining genetic hypertension with experimental diabetes. Enalapril versus hydralazine and metoprolol therapy. ( Allen, TJ; Clarke, BE; Cooper, ME; Doyle, AE; Jerums, G; O'Brien, RC; Papazoglou, D, 1990)
"The authors studied the effects of vasodilator treatment with either hydralazine or minoxidil on gas exchange and lung water accumulation over a 5-h period in canine oleic acid-induced pulmonary edema."	3.67	Vasodilators worsen gas exchange in dog oleic-acid lung injury. ( Bishop, MJ; Cheney, FW, 1986)
"The pharmacodynamics of hydralazine, an arteriolar dilator, were studied in dogs with induced heart failure."	3.66	Hydralazine pharmacodynamics in the dog. ( Hamlin, RL; Kittleson, MD, 1983)
"A collagen-like syndrome was produced by a long-term administration of 1-hydrazinophthalazine (hydralazine) to guinea pigs."	3.65	Serum glycoproteins level and urinary glycosaminoglycans excretion in drug induced collagen-like syndrome in guinea pigs. ( Drózdz, M; Kucharz, E, 1976)
"Hydralazine is an efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and an inhibitor of O2- generation."	2.43	The oxidative stress concept of nitrate tolerance and the antioxidant properties of hydralazine. ( Daiber, A; Hink, U; Mollnau, H; Mülsch, A; Münzel, T; Oelze, M; Warnholtz, A, 2005)
"Treatment with sodium nitrite and hydralazine restored NO bioavailability, reduced oxidative and nitrosative stress, preserved endothelial function and mitochondrial respiration, limited the fibrotic response, and improved exercise capacity, ultimately attenuating the severity of "two-hit" HFpEF."	1.91	Combination Sodium Nitrite and Hydralazine Therapy Attenuates Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Severity in a "2-Hit" Murine Model. ( Doiron, JE; Goodchild, TT; Koul, K; LaPenna, KB; Lefer, DJ; Li, Z; Moles, K; Patel, RB; Polhemus, DJ; Shah, SJ; Sharp, TE; Wang, JS; Xia, H, 2023)
"Pre-treatment with hydralazine was shown to inhibit both mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial membrane depolarisation induced by oxidative stress in HeLa cells."	1.72	Hydralazine protects the heart against acute ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. ( Chinda, K; Costa, JRSD; Crespo-Avilan, GE; Hausenloy, DJ; Hernandez-Resendiz, S; Holien, JK; Kalkhoran, SB; Ketteler, R; Kriston-Vizi, J; Lees, JG; Lim, SY; Ling, NXY; Riquelme, JA; Rosdah, AA; Samangouei, P; Yap, EP; Yellon, DM, 2022)
" Further research is required to delineate the multifactorial nature of RI-ED and to determine if TPOm with modified dosing regimens can mitigate against nerve injury either through direct or vascular protective effects."	1.51	Clarifying the Relative Impacts of Vascular and Nerve Injury That Culminate in Erectile Dysfunction in a Pilot Study Using a Rat Model of Prostate Irradiation and a Thrombopoietin Mimetic. ( Ashcraft, KA; Dewhirst, MW; Eichenbaum, G; Faught, AM; Hannan, JL; Koontz, BF; Pak, ES; Patel, P; Zhang, X, 2019)
" The results show that phenelzine is indeed capable of attenuating neuropathic pain behaviors in acute, delayed, and chronic administration schedules after injury in a rat model of SCI."	1.43	Mitigation of sensory and motor deficits by acrolein scavenger phenelzine in a rat model of spinal cord contusive injury. ( Acosta, G; Butler, B; Cao, P; Chen, Z; McCain, R; Ouyang, Z; Park, J; Shi, R; Tang, J; Vega-Alvarez, S; Zhang, W; Zheng, L, 2016)
"Hypertension was induced in uninephrectomized control rats (UNx) by subcutaneous implantation of a DOCA pellet plus administration of 1% NaCl in the drinking water (DOCA-salt) for 3 wk."	1.43	Pentosan polysulfate preserves renal microvascular P2X1 receptor reactivity and autoregulatory behavior in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. ( Cha, H; Cook, AK; Guan, Z; Inscho, EW; Pollock, DM; Pollock, JS; Singletary, ST; Van Beusecum, JP, 2016)
"Hypertension is a powerful risk factor of atrial fibrillation (AF)."	1.42	Blockade of brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibits the development of atrial fibrillation in hypertensive rats. ( Chishaki, A; Hirooka, Y; Inoue, S; Kishi, T; Mukai, Y; Nagayama, T; Sunagawa, K; Takase, S; Takemoto, M, 2015)
"Renal fibrosis was increased 2."	1.42	A Salt-Induced Reno-Cerebral Reflex Activates Renin-Angiotensin Systems and Promotes CKD Progression. ( Bin, W; Cao, W; Hou, FF; Li, A; Su, Z; Wang, L; Wilcox, CS; Zhou, Z, 2015)
"Acrolein can directly activate a pro-algesic transient receptor protein ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel that exists in sensory neurons."	1.42	Acrolein contributes to TRPA1 up-regulation in peripheral and central sensory hypersensitivity following spinal cord injury. ( Acosta, G; Cao, P; Chen, Z; Muratori, B; Park, J; Shi, R; Vega-Alvarez, S; Zheng, L, 2015)
"Aliskiren treatment almost completely suppressed angiotensin I and resulted in lower angiotensin II concentration than ramipril treatment."	1.40	Renin inhibition ameliorates renal damage through prominent suppression of both angiotensin I and II in human renin angiotensinogen transgenic mice with high salt loading. ( Ayuzawa, N; Fujita, T; Ishizawa, K; Kawarazaki, W; Nagase, M; Takeuchi, M; Ueda, K; Yoshida, S, 2014)
"High body iron levels are found in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM)."	1.39	Iron restriction prevents diabetic nephropathy in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rat. ( Akahori, H; Masuyama, T; Matsumoto, M; Naito, Y; Sasaki, N; Tsujino, T, 2013)
"Treatment with candesartan, but not hydralazine, reduced these values to levels in db/m mice."	1.35	Urinary oxidative stress markers closely reflect the efficacy of candesartan treatment for diabetic nephropathy. ( Hashimoto, T; Hirawa, N; Imai, N; Ishigami, T; Kihara, M; Kitamura, H; Kiuchi, Y; Nomura, K; Tamura, K; Toya, Y; Umemura, S; Yasuzaki, H; Yoshida, S, 2009)
" Independent of their hemodynamic effects, a chronic use of either ET(A) or ET(A)/ET(B) antagonists may modify the arrhythmogenic response to programmed electrical stimulation."	1.35	Effect of endothelin receptor antagonists on ventricular susceptibility in postinfarcted rats. ( Chang, NC; Chen, CC; Lee, TM; Lin, MS, 2008)
"The metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for the development of renal and vascular complications."	1.34	Olmesartan ameliorates renovascular injury and oxidative stress in Zucker obese rats enhanced by dietary protein. ( Haruna, Y; Kashihara, N; Kobayashi, S; Komai, N; Namikoshi, T; Sasaki, T; Satoh, M; Tomita, N, 2007)
"Treatment with losartan, captopril, and the TRx prevented the rhEPO-induced increased in systolic BP."	1.33	Antihypertensive and renal protective effects of renin-angiotensin system blockade in uremic rats treated with erythropoietin. ( Agharazii, M; Larivière, R; Lebel, M; Rodrigue, ME, 2006)
"We investigated the acute or chronic effects of angiotensin (Ang) II on the bioavailability of NO in Ang II-infused rabbits using the catheter-type NO sensor."	1.33	Effects of angiotensin II on NO bioavailability evaluated using a catheter-type NO sensor. ( Akasaka, T; Goto, M; Imanishi, T; Kobayashi, K; Kuroi, A; Mochizuki, S; Yoshida, K, 2006)
"Three weeks after hemin treatment, high blood pressure of SHR was normalized and ICP responses to electrical stimulations in SHR were significantly increased to the level of normotensive rats."	1.33	Increased intracavernosal pressure response in hypertensive rats after chronic hemin treatment. ( Shamloul, R; Wang, R, 2006)
"Prevention or retardation of diabetic nephropathy (DN) includes anti-hypertensive treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) on the premises that these drugs have an added protective effect beyond their influence on BP."	1.32	Anti-hypertensive agents inhibit in vivo the formation of advanced glycation end products and improve renal damage in a type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat model. ( Inagi, R; Ishikawa, N; Koike, H; Kurokawa, K; Miyata, T; Mizuno, M; Nangaku, M; Sada, T; Ueda, Y; van Ypersele de Strihou, C; Yuzawa, H, 2003)
"Hydralazine-treated animals had lower body fat (15."	1.32	Hydralazine treatment alters body composition in the rabbit model of obesity. ( Carroll, JF; Cohen, JS; King, JW, 2004)
"Left ventricular remodeling was profoundly changed by statin treatment."	1.31	Impact of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibition on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: an experimental serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study. ( Bauer, WR; Bauersachs, J; Ertl, G; Fraccarollo, D; Galuppo, P; Haase, A; Hiller, KH; Hu, K; Nahrendorf, M; Schweizer, G, 2002)
"Treatment with ramipril reduced blood pressure and force development in response to Bay K8644 in adult SHRSP, although not to levels of WKY rats, whereas WKY rats were unaffected by treatment."	1.29	Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition during development alters calcium regulation in adult hypertensive rats. ( Traub, O; Webb, RC, 1993)
" It has been stated that the long-term administration of hydralazine caused the lowering of the retinol level in the serum and liver progressing according to the time of the drug use."	1.28	[Retinol level, superoxide dismutase activity and the degree of lipid peroxidation in rats with drug-induced collagenosis]. ( Drózdz, M; Magner-Wróbel, K, 1990)
"Drugs which induce systemic lupus erythematosus as a toxic side effect have been shown to inhibit the covalent binding of C4, which is an important event in immune complex clearance in normal individuals."	1.27	Interaction of nucleophilic compounds with complement component C4. ( Jones, A; Parker, KE; Sim, E; Wood, M, 1988)
"Streptozotocin diabetes was induced in an M-SHRSP and SHC hybrid (TC), from which diabetic TC was successively bred to the fifth generation."	1.27	Establishment and use of the M strain of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. ( Chikugo, T; Higashizawa, T; Morita, N; Ohta, Y; Okamoto, K; Suzuki, T; Yamamoto, K, 1986)
"Hydralazine was administered in a dose sufficient to double CO."	1.27	Pulmonary vascular effects of hydralazine in a canine preparation of pulmonary thromboembolism. ( Ducas, J; Girling, L; Prewitt, RM; Schick, U, 1986)
"The treatment of both hyperlipidemia and hypertension appeared to be more effective than the treatment of hyperlipidemia, alone."	1.26	Aggravation of atherosclerosis by hypertension in a subhuman primate model with coarctation of the aorta. ( Hollander, W; Kirkpatrick, B; Madoff, I; Paddock, J, 1976)

Research

Studies (127)

Authors

Clinical Trials (2)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Early Diastolic Mitral Annular Velocity

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	28 (22.05)	18.7374
1990's	15 (11.81)	18.2507
2000's	41 (32.28)	29.6817
2010's	36 (28.35)	24.3611
2020's	7 (5.51)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Solinski, HJ	1
Dranchak, P	1
Oliphant, E	1
Gu, X	1
Earnest, TW	1
Braisted, J	1
Inglese, J	1
Hoon, MA	1
Abrams, RPM	1
Yasgar, A	1
Teramoto, T	1
Lee, MH	1
Dorjsuren, D	1
Eastman, RT	1
Malik, N	1
Zakharov, AV	1
Li, W	1
Bachani, M	1
Brimacombe, K	1
Steiner, JP	1
Hall, MD	1
Balasubramanian, A	1
Jadhav, A	1
Padmanabhan, R	1
Simeonov, A	1
Nath, A	1
Inoue, K	1
Yamada, S	1
Hoshino, S	1
Watanabe, M	1
Kimura, K	1
Kamijo-Ikemori, A	1
Larkin, BP	1
Nguyen, LT	1
Hou, M	1
Glastras, SJ	1
Chen, H	1
Faiz, A	1
Chen, J	1
Wang, R	2
Pollock, CA	1
Saad, S	1
LaPenna, KB	1
Li, Z	1
Doiron, JE	1
Sharp, TE	1
Xia, H	1
Moles, K	1
Koul, K	1
Wang, JS	1
Polhemus, DJ	1
Goodchild, TT	1
Patel, RB	1
Shah, SJ	1
Lefer, DJ	1
Hayashi, K	2
Shimokawa, T	1
Yamagata, M	1
Yoneda, K	1
Kalkhoran, SB	1
Kriston-Vizi, J	1
Hernandez-Resendiz, S	1
Crespo-Avilan, GE	1
Rosdah, AA	1
Lees, JG	1
Costa, JRSD	1
Ling, NXY	1
Holien, JK	1
Samangouei, P	1
Chinda, K	1
Yap, EP	1
Riquelme, JA	1
Ketteler, R	1
Yellon, DM	1
Lim, SY	1
Hausenloy, DJ	1
Yokouchi, C	2
Nishimura, Y	1
Goto, H	2
Sato, M	1
Hidoh, Y	1
Takeuchi, K	2
Ishii, Y	2
Yan, Y	1
Wang, C	1
Lu, Y	1
Gong, H	1
Wu, Z	1
Ma, X	1
Li, H	2
Wang, B	1
Zhang, X	3
Dehghan, E	1
Zhang, Y	1
Saremi, B	1
Yadavali, S	1
Hakimi, A	1
Dehghani, M	1
Goodarzi, M	1
Tu, X	1
Robertson, S	1
Lin, R	1
Chudhuri, A	1
Mirzaei, H	1
Sogawa, Y	1
Nagasu, H	2
Itano, S	1
Kidokoro, K	1
Taniguchi, S	1
Takahashi, M	1
Kadoya, H	2
Satoh, M	3
Sasaki, T	3
Kashihara, N	3
Umehara, K	1
Yamada, H	1
Ashcraft, KA	1
Hannan, JL	1
Eichenbaum, G	1
Pak, ES	1
Faught, AM	1
Patel, P	1
Dewhirst, MW	1
Koontz, BF	1
Habashi, JP	2
MacFarlane, EG	1
Bagirzadeh, R	1
Bowen, C	1
Huso, N	2
Chen, Y	2
Bedja, D	2
Creamer, TJ	1
Rykiel, G	1
Manning, M	1
Huso, D	2
Dietz, HC	2
Pai, AV	1
West, CA	1
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Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
National Registry of Genetically Triggered Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Cardiovascular Conditions[NCT01322165]		3,706 participants (Actual)	Observational	2007-11-30	Completed
Effect of Organic Nitrates and Hydralazine on Wave Reflections and Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction[NCT01516346]	Phase 2	44 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Diastolic mitral annular velocity measured at the basal septal mitral annulus (NCT01516346)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

LV Mass

Intervention	cm/s (Mean)
Isosorbide Dinitrate	6.8
Isosorbide Dinitrate + Hydralazine	7.3
Placebo	6.5

LV mass measured by MRI, in grams normalized to height in meters raised to the 1.7 power (m^1.7) (NCT01516346)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction

Intervention	grams / meters ^1.7 (Mean)
Isosorbide Dinitrate	68.2
Isosorbide Dinitrate + Hydralazine	66.2
Placebo	67.2

Myocardial extracellular volume, expressed as percent of total tissue volume, measured by MRI (T1 mapping pre and post-gadolinium administration) (NCT01516346)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Quality of Life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Score)

Intervention	Percentage (Mean)
Isosorbide Dinitrate	29.0
Isosorbide Dinitrate + Hydralazine	31.3
Placebo	29.5

Quality of life, assessed with the Kansas City cardiomyopathy questionnaire (overall summary score, which ranges from 0 to 100). Higher values imply better quality of life. (NCT01516346)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Wave Reflection Magnitude

Intervention	Points on a scale (Mean)
Isosorbide Dinitrate	62.1
Isosorbide Dinitrate + Hydralazine	44.9
Placebo	62.1

The dimensionless ratio of backward (reflected) to forward wave amplitude. Higher values imply more wave reflection. (NCT01516346)
Timeframe: 24 weeks

Article	Year
The oxidative stress concept of nitrate tolerance and the antioxidant properties of hydralazine. The American journal of cardiology, 2005, Oct-10, Volume: 96, Issue:7B Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Angiography; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relat	2005
Effects of nitrates and hydralazine in heart failure: clinical evidence before the african american heart failure trial. The American journal of cardiology, 2005, Oct-10, Volume: 96, Issue:7B Topics: Animals; Black or African American; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug A	2005
[Iatrogenic lupus: present status of the problem. II. Physiopathology of induced lupus]. La Nouvelle presse medicale, 1972, Dec-09, Volume: 1, Issue:44 Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Viral; Drug-Related Side Effects and	1972

Article	Year
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice. Science translational medicine, 2019, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, S	2019
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49 Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Dr	2020
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, attenuated retinal thickening in spontaneously diabetic Torii fatty rats. BMC ophthalmology, 2022, May-06, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 R	2022
Low-dose hydralazine reduces albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis in a mouse model of obesity-related chronic kidney disease. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2022, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Fibrosis; Hydralazine; Inflammation; K	2022
Combination Sodium Nitrite and Hydralazine Therapy Attenuates Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Severity in a "2-Hit" Murine Model. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2023, 02-21, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drinking Water; Heart Failure; Hydralazine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbre	2023
Inhibition of α Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2021, Volume: 145, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Blister; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progressi	2021
Hydralazine protects the heart against acute ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Cardiovascular research, 2022, 01-07, Volume: 118, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Disease Models, Animal; Dynamins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; HeLa	2022
Reduction of fatty liver in rats by nicotinamide via the regeneration of the methionine cycle and the inhibition of aldehyde oxidase. The Journal of toxicological sciences, 2021, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aldehyde Oxidase; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therap	2021
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism protects the aorta from vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and collagen deposition in a rat model of adrenal aldosterone-producing adenoma. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2018, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma; Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta; Cell Prolife	2018
Hydralazine induces stress resistance and extends C. elegans lifespan by activating the NRF2/SKN-1 signalling pathway. Nature communications, 2017, 12-20, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Cell Line	2017
The eNOS-NO pathway attenuates kidney dysfunction via suppression of inflammasome activation in aldosterone-induced renal injury model mice. PloS one, 2018, Volume: 13, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelium; Fibrosis; Humans	2018
Alleviation of fatty liver in a rat model by enhancing N Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2018, 12-09, Volume: 507, Issue:1-4 Topics: Aldehyde Oxidase; Animals; Biological Availability; Cytosol; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibito	2018
Clarifying the Relative Impacts of Vascular and Nerve Injury That Culminate in Erectile Dysfunction in a Pilot Study Using a Rat Model of Prostate Irradiation and a Thrombopoietin Mimetic. International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2019, 04-01, Volume: 103, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Arteries; Disease Models, Animal; Erectile Dysfunction; Hydralazine; Intercellular Signalin	2019
Oxytocin antagonism prevents pregnancy-associated aortic dissection in a mouse model of Marfan syndrome. Science translational medicine, 2019, 05-01, Volume: 11, Issue:490 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Aorta; Aortic Dissection; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydr	2019
Renal T cell infiltration occurs despite attenuation of development of hypertension with hydralazine in Envigo's female Dahl rat maintained on a low-Na American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2019, 09-01, Volume: 317, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterial Pressure; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Disease Models, Animal	2019
Reduced hemodynamic load aids low-dose resveratrol in reversing cardiovascular defects in hypertensive rats. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2013, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Cardiovascular System; Disease Model	2013
Hypertension promotes islet morphological changes with vascular injury on pre-diabetic status in SHRsp rats. Clinical and experimental hypertension (New York, N.Y. : 1993), 2014, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Hydral	2014
Iron restriction prevents diabetic nephropathy in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rat. Renal failure, 2013, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic N	2013
Renin inhibition ameliorates renal damage through prominent suppression of both angiotensin I and II in human renin angiotensinogen transgenic mice with high salt loading. Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2014, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Albuminuria; Amides; Angiotensin I; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Angiot	2014
Critical blood pressure threshold dependence of hypertensive injury and repair in a malignant nephrosclerosis model. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2014, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Amlodipine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy,	2014
Blockade of brain angiotensin II type 1 receptor inhibits the development of atrial fibrillation in hypertensive rats. American journal of hypertension, 2015, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; A	2015
A Salt-Induced Reno-Cerebral Reflex Activates Renin-Angiotensin Systems and Promotes CKD Progression. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2015, Volume: 26, Issue:7 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression	2015
Beneficial effects of angiotensin-(1-7) against deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced diastolic dysfunction occur independently of changes in blood pressure. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2015, Volume: 66, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin I; Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Desoxycorticosterone Acetate; Di	2015
Acrolein contributes to TRPA1 up-regulation in peripheral and central sensory hypersensitivity following spinal cord injury. Journal of neurochemistry, 2015, Volume: 135, Issue:5 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Acrolein; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, Spinal; Hydralazine; Hyperalgesi	2015
A deleterious gene-by-environment interaction imposed by calcium channel blockers in Marfan syndrome. eLife, 2015, 10-27, Volume: 4 Topics: Adult; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease	2015
Pentosan polysulfate preserves renal microvascular P2X1 receptor reactivity and autoregulatory behavior in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2016, Mar-15, Volume: 310, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterioles; Bloo	2016
Augmented circadian rhythm of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin systems in anti-thymocyte serum nephritis rats. Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2016, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensinogen; Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, An	2016
pSer40 tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry identifies the anatomical location of C1 neurons in rat RVLM that are activated by hypotension. Neuroscience, 2016, Mar-11, Volume: 317 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Hybrido	2016
Mitigation of sensory and motor deficits by acrolein scavenger phenelzine in a rat model of spinal cord contusive injury. Journal of neurochemistry, 2016, Volume: 138, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Contusions; Disease Models, Animal; Hydralazine; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neur	2016
Low-dose hydralazine prevents fibrosis in a murine model of acute kidney injury-to-chronic kidney disease progression. Kidney international, 2017, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; CpG Islands; Dioxygenases; D	2017
Renal denervation enhances GABA-ergic input into the PVN leading to blood pressure lowering in chronic kidney disease. Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2017, Volume: 204 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Eating; GABAe	2017
Blood pressure versus direct mineralocorticoid effects on kidney inflammation and fibrosis in DOCA-salt hypertension. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2008, Volume: 23, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Desoxycorticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Dise	2008
Hydralazine reduces leukocyte migration through different mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats. European journal of pharmacology, 2008, Jul-28, Volume: 589, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Bod	2008
Increased tissue perfusion promotes capillary dysplasia in the ALK1-deficient mouse brain following VEGF stimulation. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2008, Volume: 295, Issue:6 Topics: Activin Receptors, Type I; Activin Receptors, Type II; Animals; Brain; Capillaries; Cerebrovascular	2008
Telmisartan prevents aneurysm progression in the rat by inhibiting proteolysis, apoptosis and inflammation. Journal of hypertension, 2008, Volume: 26, Issue:12 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic	2008
"Pulse" treatment with high-dose angiotensin blocker reverses renal arteriolar hypertrophy and regresses hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2009, Volume: 53, Issue:1 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Anim	2009
Urinary oxidative stress markers closely reflect the efficacy of candesartan treatment for diabetic nephropathy. Nephron. Experimental nephrology, 2009, Volume: 111, Issue:1 Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihype	2009
Azelnidipine decreases sympathetic nerve activity via antioxidant effect in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Antioxidants; Azetidinecarboxylic Acid; Bloo	2008
ANG II infusion promotes abdominal aortic aneurysms independent of increased blood pressure in hypercholesterolemic mice. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2009, Volume: 296, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Apolipoproteins E; Ath	2009
Hypoxic pre-conditioning in a rat renal ischemia model: an evaluation of the use of hydralazine. World journal of urology, 2009, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Disease Models, Animal; Hydralazine; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor	2009
Angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan cilexetil, but not hydralazine hydrochloride, protects against mouse cardiac enlargement resulting from undernutrition in utero. Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.), 2009, Volume: 16, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Caloric Restriction; Cardiomegaly; Disease Models, Anim	2009
Effect of olmesartan and pravastatin on experimental cerebral aneurysms in rats. Brain research, 2010, Mar-31, Volume: 1322 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Cerebral Arteries; Circle of Willis; Corrosion Cas	2010
Losartan increases NO release in afferent arterioles during regression of L-NAME-induced renal damage. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 2010, Volume: 298, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterioles; Blood Pressur	2010
Effects of pregnancy, hypertension and nitric oxide inhibition on rat uterine artery myogenic reactivity. Journal of vascular research, 2010, Volume: 47, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hydralazine; Hypertensio	2010
Central and peripheral mechanisms of T-lymphocyte activation and vascular inflammation produced by angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Circulation research, 2010, Jul-23, Volume: 107, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adoptive Transfer; Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pre	2010
Salt-induced cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis are due to a blood pressure-independent mechanism in Wistar rats. The Journal of nutrition, 2010, Volume: 140, Issue:10 Topics: Aldosterone; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agen	2010
Angiotensin II overcomes strain-dependent resistance of rapid CKD progression in a new remnant kidney mouse model. Kidney international, 2010, Volume: 78, Issue:11 Topics: Albuminuria; Anemia; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertens	2010
Inhibition of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in an in vivo rat model. Life sciences, 2011, Feb-14, Volume: 88, Issue:7-8 Topics: Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); Animals; Blood Pressure; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Di	2011
Temporary treatment with AT1 receptor blocker, valsartan, from early stage of hypertension prevented vascular remodeling. American journal of hypertension, 2011, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensinogen; Animals; Arteries; Blood Vessels; Disease	2011
Early treatment with olmesartan prevents juxtamedullary glomerular podocyte injury and the onset of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic rats. American journal of hypertension, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Glucos	2012
Upregulation of junctional adhesion molecule-A is a putative prognostic marker of hypertension. Cardiovascular research, 2012, Dec-01, Volume: 96, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterial	2012
EP1 disruption attenuates end-organ damage in a mouse model of hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2012, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aortic Aneurysm; Blood Pressure; Desoxycorticoster	2012
Late angiotensin II receptor blockade in progressive rat mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis: new insights into mechanisms. The Journal of pathology, 2013, Volume: 229, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Benzimidazoles;	2013
Impact of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibition on left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: an experimental serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2002, Nov-06, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hydralazine; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Magnet	2002
Hydralazine may induce autoimmunity by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway signaling. Arthritis and rheumatism, 2003, Volume: 48, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Disease Models, Animal; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; DNA (Cytosine-	2003
Anti-hypertensive agents inhibit in vivo the formation of advanced glycation end products and improve renal damage in a type 2 diabetic nephropathy rat model. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2003, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arginine; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Diabetes Mel	2003
Differential effects of sodium nitroprusside and hydralazine in a rat model of topical FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis. Thrombosis research, 2003, Volume: 111, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Carotid Artery Thrombosis; Chlorides; Disease Models,	2003
Hydralazine treatment alters body composition in the rabbit model of obesity. Acta physiologica Scandinavica, 2004, Volume: 181, Issue:2 Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Body Composition; Body Water; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Eating;	2004
The expression of heme oxygenase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in aorta during the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. American journal of hypertension, 2004, Volume: 17, Issue:12 Pt 1 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aorta; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Blotting, Western; Disease Mode	2004
Endothelin-1 contributes to the sexual differences in renal damage in DOCA-salt rats. Peptides, 2005, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Dansyl Compounds; Desoxycorticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelin-1; Estrogens; Fe	2005
Antiatherogenic effects of angiotensin receptor antagonism in mild renal dysfunction. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2006, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Atherosclerosis; Choleste	2006
Differences between Candesartan and Hydralazine in the protection of penile structures in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The journal of sexual medicine, 2006, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pr	2006
Increased intracavernosal pressure response in hypertensive rats after chronic hemin treatment. The journal of sexual medicine, 2006, Volume: 3, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	2006
Effects of angiotensin II on NO bioavailability evaluated using a catheter-type NO sensor. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2006, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antioxidants; Catheterization; Cyc	2006
Transient AT1 receptor-inhibition in prehypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats results in maintained cardiac protection until advanced age. Journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Blood Pressure; C	2007
A novel mechanism for drug-induced liver failure: inhibition of histone acetylation by hydralazine derivatives. Journal of hepatology, 2007, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Acetylation; Acetyltransferases; Animals; Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; fas	2007
Antihypertensive and renal protective effects of renin-angiotensin system blockade in uremic rats treated with erythropoietin. American journal of hypertension, 2006, Volume: 19, Issue:12 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antihype	2006
Blood pressure lowering after experimental cerebral ischemia provides neurovascular protection. Journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Are	2007
Chronic sodium hydrosulfide treatment decreases medial thickening of intramyocardial coronary arterioles, interstitial fibrosis, and ROS production in spontaneously hypertensive rats. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Cardiotonic	2007
Amlodipine inhibits granulation tissue cell apoptosis through reducing calcineurin activity to attenuate postinfarction cardiac remodeling. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2007, Volume: 293, Issue:4 Topics: Amlodipine; Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-Associated Death Protein; Calcineurin; Calcineurin Inhibitors; C	2007
Olmesartan ameliorates renovascular injury and oxidative stress in Zucker obese rats enhanced by dietary protein. American journal of hypertension, 2007, Volume: 20, Issue:10 Topics: Aldehydes; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Dietary Protei	2007
Novel mechanism and role of angiotensin II induced vascular endothelial injury in hypertensive diastolic heart failure. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:12 Topics: Acetophenones; Amlodipine; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihyp	2007
Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibition on arterial blood pressure. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2008, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arginine; Blood Pressure	2008
Persistent hypertension and progressive renal injury induced by salt overload after short term nitric oxide inhibition. Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2007, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Disease Models, Animal; D	2007
Effect of endothelin receptor antagonists on ventricular susceptibility in postinfarcted rats. American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2008, Volume: 294, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrasentan; Blotting	2008
Hypertension impairs postnatal vasculogenesis: role of antihypertensive agents. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2008, Volume: 51, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Bone Marrow Cells; Cell Differentiation; Disease M	2008
Human atrial natriuretic peptide suppresses torsades de pointes in rabbits. Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society, 2008, Volume: 72, Issue:5 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Calcium Channels, L-T	2008
Hydralazine pharmacodynamics in the dog. American journal of veterinary research, 1983, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Heart Failure; Hemodyna	1983
The B-aminopropionitrile-fed turkey: a model for detecting potential drug action on arterial tissue. Cardiovascular research, 1983, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Aminopropionitrile; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Diseases; Disease Models, Ani	1983
Hydralazine-induced antinuclear antibodies in beagle dogs. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 1981, Mar-15, Volume: 57, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antibody Specificity; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Female; Heart	1981
A model for evaluation of postural hypotension induced by drugs in conscious restrained normotensive rats. Journal of pharmacological methods, 1982, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Consciousness; Disease Models, Animal; Guanethidine;	1982
Comparative antihypertensive effects of a diuretic, reserpine, and hydralazine in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1981, Volume: 166, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Furosemide; Hydralazine; Hypertension; Intesti	1981
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition during development alters calcium regulation in adult hypertensive rats. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1993, Volume: 267, Issue:3 Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl e	1993
Effect of (+/-)-verapamil and hydralazine on stress- and chemically-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Pharmacological research, 1994, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Gastric Acid; Gastric Mucins; Hydralazine; Indomethacin; M	1994
Prediction of stroke lesions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats by glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 1995, Volume: 59, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Brain; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Er	1995
Inhibition of the regulation of intracellular pH: potential of 5-(N,N-hexamethylene) amiloride in tumour-selective therapy. British journal of cancer, 1994, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Amiloride; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Benzimida	1994
Glycosaminoglycan-collagen interactions in vitro in the hydralazine-induced collagen disease-like syndrome. Acta biochimica Polonica, 1993, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Collagen; Collagen Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glycosaminoglycans; Hydralazine; Male;	1993
Effects of long-term hydralazine treatment on myocardial structure and expression of myosin isogenes in cardiac pressure overload in rats. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 1996, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiomegaly; Disease Models	1996
Attenuation of lung graft reperfusion injury by a nitric oxide donor. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 1997, Volume: 113, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Cardioplegic Solutions; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Hemodynamics; Hydralaz	1997
Myocardial stiffness is attributed to alterations in cross-linked collagen rather than total collagen or phenotypes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Circulation, 1997, Sep-16, Volume: 96, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Body Weight; Captopril; Collagen; Cross-Linking Reagents; Diastole	1997
Acute effects of toborinone on vascular capacitance and conductance in experimental heart failure. Circulation, 1998, Jul-07, Volume: 98, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Enalaprilat; Female; Heart Failure; Hemod	1998
Blocking angiotensin II ameliorates proteinuria and glomerular lesions in progressive mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. Kidney international, 1999, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals;	1999
Heme oxygenase-1 is upregulated in the kidney of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive rats : possible role in renoprotection. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2000, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Mo	2000
Benidipine, a long-acting calcium-channel blocker, prevents the progression to end-stage renal failure in a rat mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. Nephron, 2000, Volume: 86, Issue:3 Topics: Actins; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Calcium Channel Blockers; Creatinine; Dihydropyridines	2000
Non-invasive tumour blood perfusion measurement by 2H magnetic resonance. NMR in biomedicine, 2000, Volume: 13, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Arteries; Deuterium Oxide; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydralazine; Magnetic Resonance	2000
Hemorrhagic transformation after fibrinolysis with tissue plasminogen activator: evaluation of role of hypertension with rat thromboembolic stroke model. Stroke, 2001, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebr	2001
Decreased arteriolar density in endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout mice is due to hypertension, not to the constitutive defect in endothelial nitric oxide synthase enzyme. Journal of hypertension, 2002, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterioles; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Capillaries; Disease Mode	2002
A new antihypertensive compound: 3 hydrazino-6- [(2-hydroxypropyl)methylamino] pyridazine dihydrochloride (ISF 2123). Pharmacological research communications, 1976, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cats; Disease Models, Animal	1976
Influence of various antihypertensive agents on lifespan of renal hypertensive rats. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1979, Volume: 7 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Diuretics; Hydralazine; Hydrochlorothiazide; Hypert	1979
Modification of experimental renal hypertension in the rat by indomethacin and hydralazine. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1978, Volume: 92, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydralazine; Hypertension, Renal; Indomethacin; Potassium;	1978
Induction of antibodies to nuclear antigens in rabbits by immunization with hydralazine-human serum albumin conjugates. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1975, Volume: 56, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Binding Sites, Antibody;	1975
Aggravation of atherosclerosis by hypertension in a subhuman primate model with coarctation of the aorta. Circulation research, 1976, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Aortic Coarctation; Arteriosclerosis; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Cholesterol, Dietary; Co	1976
Proceedings: Effects of prolonged oral administration of hydralazine on reflex bradycardia in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Japanese heart journal, 1976, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Bradycardia; Disease Models, Animal; Hydralazine; Hypertension; Press	1976
Serum glycoproteins level and urinary glycosaminoglycans excretion in drug induced collagen-like syndrome in guinea pigs. Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1976, Volume: 35, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Collagen Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glycoproteins; Glycosaminoglycans; Guinea Pigs;	1976
Evaluation of antihypertensive agents in the stress-induced hypertensive rat. Life sciences, 1975, Jun-01, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Chlorisondamine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclini	1975
Effect of hydralazine on vascular mechanics in a canine lobar preparation of pulmonary embolism. Lung, 1992, Volume: 170, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Hydralazine; Pulmonary Embo	1992
Therapy and prevention of hypertension of M-SHRSP. Clinical and experimental hypertension. Part A, Theory and practice, 1991, Volume: 13, Issue:5 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Captopril; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diet; Disea	1991
[Retinol level, superoxide dismutase activity and the degree of lipid peroxidation in rats with drug-induced collagenosis]. Przeglad lekarski, 1990, Volume: 47, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Collagen Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydralazine; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver;	1990
Nephropathy in model combining genetic hypertension with experimental diabetes. Enalapril versus hydralazine and metoprolol therapy. Diabetes, 1990, Volume: 39, Issue:12 Topics: Administration, Oral; Albuminuria; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Diabetes Melli	1990
Effect of calcium antagonists on hypertension and diabetes in new hypertensive diabetic models. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 1987, Volume: 10 Suppl 10 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diltiazem; Disea	1987
Vasodilator therapy in vasoconstrictor-induced pulmonary hypertension in sheep. Anesthesiology, 1988, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Alprostadil; Animals; Disease Mo	1988
Efficacy of vasodilator therapy in canine model of acute pulmonary hypertension. The American journal of physiology, 1988, Volume: 255, Issue:5 Pt 2 Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Coronary Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Female; Heart Ventricles;	1988
Interaction of nucleophilic compounds with complement component C4. Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases, 1988, Volume: 11, Issue:3-4 Topics: Animals; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Complement C4; Complement C4a; Disease Models, Animal; Guine	1988
Influence of long-term treatment with hydrazinophthalazines on the activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in rat tissues. Acta medica Hungarica, 1988, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Disease Models, Animal; Glycoside Hydrolases; Hydralazine; Hydr	1988
Establishment and use of the M strain of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat. Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension, 1986, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydralazin	1986
Recent studies on M-SHRSP and their crossbred offspring with WKY. Progress in clinical and biological research, 1987, Volume: 229 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Crosses, Genetic; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hydralazine; Hypertension	1987
Pulmonary vascular effects of hydralazine in a canine preparation of pulmonary thromboembolism. Circulation, 1986, Volume: 73, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Hydralazine; Hy	1986
Vasodilators worsen gas exchange in dog oleic-acid lung injury. Anesthesiology, 1986, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Cardiac Output; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Hemodynamics; Hydralazine; Minoxidil; Oleic A	1986
Evaluation of antihypertensive drugs in dogs with angiotensin-induced hypertension. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.), 1971, Volume: 136, Issue:3 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Female; Hexamethoniu	1971
Alpha-adrenergic inhibition of immunoreactive insulin release during deep hypothermia. The American journal of physiology, 1971, Volume: 221, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; B	1971
Antihypertensive activity of four blocking agents in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1972, Volume: 200, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alprenolol; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Clonidine	1972
Proceedings: The production of hypertension and the effects of some antihypertensive agents in the conscious unrestrained cat. British journal of pharmacology, 1974, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Cats; Cellophane; Clonidine; Corticosterone; Delayed-Action Prepar	1974
2,6-Dichlorobenzylidene amino guanidine acetate (Wy-8678). A new hypotensive agent. Experientia, 1969, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Guanethidine; Guan	1969

hydralazine and Disease Models, Animal