humulene and Respiratory-Sounds

A review of the evidence was conducted regarding asthma associated with the use of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana.. A search of the English literature was performed via PubMed/Medline and EMBASE using the search terms asthma AND cocaine, heroin, and marijuana. When pertinent articles were found, salient references in those articles were assessed.. Due to the relatively small number of studies, we included all studies and cases.. For several decades, case reports, retrospective studies, and laboratory investigations have demonstrated that inhalation of cocaine or heroin is associated with increased asthma symptoms and reduced pulmonary function. Smoking crack cocaine, nasal insufflation of cocaine or heroin, and smoking heroin increases the risk of emergency department visits and hospitalizations for asthma. Although frequent smoking of marijuana may cause symptoms of cough, sputum production, and wheezing in the general population, more studies are needed specifically in patients with asthma. Smoking marijuana with concomitant tobacco use is common and further worsens the respiratory symptoms.. Use of cocaine and heroin in patients with asthma should be avoided. Pending further studies, it would be prudent for patients with asthma to avoid smoking marijuana. Clinicians need to be vigilant regarding use of these drugs in their patients with hyperreactive airway disease.

Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Asthma; Cannabis; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Crack Cocaine; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; Marijuana Smoking; Respiratory Function Tests; Respiratory Sounds; Retrospective Studies; Substance-Related Disorders

Topics: Cannabis; Cough; Dyspnea; Humans; Marijuana Smoking; Respiratory Sounds

Smoking cannabis is associated with symptoms of bronchitis. Little is known about the persistence of symptoms after stopping cannabis use. We assessed associations between changes in cannabis use and respiratory symptoms in a population-based cohort of 1037 young adults. Participants were asked about cannabis and tobacco use at ages 18, 21, 26, 32 and 38 years. Symptoms of morning cough, sputum production, wheeze, dyspnoea on exertion and asthma diagnoses were ascertained at the same ages. Frequent cannabis use was defined as ≥52 occasions over the previous year. Associations between frequent cannabis use and respiratory symptoms were analysed using generalised estimating equations with adjustments for tobacco smoking, asthma, sex and age. Frequent cannabis use was associated with morning cough (OR 1.97, p<0.001), sputum production (OR 2.31, p<0.001) and wheeze (OR 1.55, p<0.001). Reducing or quitting cannabis use was associated with reductions in the prevalence of cough, sputum and wheeze to levels similar to nonusers.Frequent cannabis use is associated with symptoms of bronchitis in young adults. Reducing cannabis use often leads to a resolution of these symptoms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bronchitis; Cannabis; Cough; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Marijuana Smoking; New Zealand; Prevalence; Respiration; Respiration Disorders; Respiratory Sounds; Smoking; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult