humulene and Feeding-and-Eating-Disorders

Despite remaining one of the most widely abused drugs worldwide, Cannabis sativa exhibits remarkable medicinal properties. The phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, reduce nausea and vomiting, particularly during chemotherapy. This is attributed to their ability to reduce the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells in the small intestine, which would otherwise orchestrate the vomiting reflex. Although there are many preclinical and clinical studies on the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol during nausea and vomiting, little is known about the role that cannabidiol plays in this scenario. Since cannabidiol does not induce psychotropic effects, in contrast to other cannabinoids, its use as an anti-emetic is of great interest. This review aims to summarize the available literature on cannabinoid use, with a specific focus on the nonpsychotropic drug cannabidiol, as well as the roles that cannabinoids play in preventing several other adverse side effects of chemotherapy including organ toxicity, pain and loss of appetite.

Topics: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Antiemetics; Antineoplastic Agents; Appetite; Appetite Stimulants; Cancer Pain; Cannabidiol; Cannabis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Nausea; Neoplasms; Vomiting

In response to public pressure to allow the medical use of marijuana, the Office of National Drug Control Policy, Washington, DC, funded a study by the Institute of Medicine evaluating the scientific evidence for benefits and risks of using marijuana as a medicine. The report used scientific reviews, public hearings, and reports from other agencies, and was evaluated by knowledgeable advisors and reviewers. It called for heavier investment in research on the biology of cannabinoid systems, careful clinical studies of cannabinoids in clinical syndromes, analysis of cannabinoids' psychological effects on symptoms, and evaluations of the health consequences of heavy marijuana use; recommends against the use of smoked marijuana in medicine and for the development of a medical cannabinoid inhaler; and recommends that compassionate use of marijuana be considered under carefully reviewed protocols. Finally, the report evaluates the abuse potential, tolerance, withdrawal, and gateway risks of medical use of cannabinoid drugs.

Topics: Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Drug and Narcotic Control; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, U.S., Health and Medicine Division; Nausea; Pain; Phytotherapy; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; United States; Vomiting; Wasting Syndrome

Topics: Bulimia; Bulimia Nervosa; Cannabis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Vomiting

Topics: Body Weight; Cannabis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Feeding Behavior; Humans

Topics: Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Athletic Performance; Cannabis; Cognition; Exercise; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Performance-Enhancing Substances; Plant Preparations; Substance-Related Disorders

Topics: Bariatric Surgery; Cannabis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Feeding Behavior; Humans; Obesity, Morbid; Postoperative Period

Although previously thought to have no withdrawal symptoms, there is now convergent evidence for a cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS), criteria for its diagnosis, and evidence of its impact in the adolescent population. Cannabis withdrawal syndrome represents an important and under-recognized consideration in adolescents with disordered eating. We describe three clinical cases of adolescents presenting to an eating disorders program with primary complaints of gastrointestinal symptoms, food avoidance, and associated weight loss. They did not meet the criteria for an eating disorder, but did fulfill the DSM-5 criteria for CWS. This report emphasizes the importance of considering the impact of heavy cannabis use in adolescents presenting with gastrointestinal complaints, and eating disorder symptoms, including weight loss.

Topics: Adolescent; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Topics: Animals; Blood; Blood Cell Count; Body Weight; Cannabis; Cardiovascular System; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Growth; Humans; Lymphopenia; Malabsorption Syndromes; Nicotiana; Plants, Toxic; Smoking