humulene and Dyspnea

Topics: Cannabis; Cough; Dyspnea; Humans; Marijuana Smoking; Respiratory Sounds

Topics: Cannabis; Dyspnea; Humans; Nicotiana; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Tobacco Products

Topics: Cannabis; Dyspnea; Humans; Nicotiana; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Tobacco Products

Topics: Cannabis; Dyspnea; Humans; Nicotiana; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Tobacco Products

We assessed the prevalence of potential health hazards to intervention staff and cannabis growers in Belgian indoor cannabis plantations. Surface mold swab samples were taken at 16 Belgian indoor plantations contained mostly Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. However, their precise health impact on intervention staff and illicit growers is unclear as no molds spore concentrations were measured. Atmospheric gas monitoring in the studied cannabis plantations did not reveal dangerous toxic substances. Health symptoms were reported by 60% of 221 surveyed police, but could not be linked to specific plantation characteristics. We conclude that Belgian indoor cannabis plantations pose a potential health threat to growers and intervention staff. AS there are currently no clear safety guidelines for seizure and dismantling of Belgian indoor cannabis plantations, we recommend first responders to follow strict safety rules when entering the growth rooms, which include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

Topics: Adult; Air Pollution, Indoor; Aspergillus; Belgium; Cannabis; Carbon Dioxide; Dermatitis, Irritant; Dizziness; Drug Trafficking; Dyspnea; Edema; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Penicillium; Police; Pruritus; Spores, Fungal

Topics: Cannabis; Dyspnea; Humans; Marijuana Smoking; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Vaping

Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Cannabis; Dyspnea; Hemoptysis; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Plant Oils; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vaping

A 3-year follow-up study was performed on 38 women and 28 men from the originally studied textile workers employed in a soft hemp processing mill. Acute and chronic respiratory symptoms and ventilatory capacity were recorded during the cross-sectional and the follow-up studies. Maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves were obtained on these workers, and forced vital capacity (FVC), 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and flow rates at 50% and at 25% of the VC (FEF50, FEF25) were measured. High prevalences of acute and chronic respiratory symptoms persisted at the follow-up study. In particular, high prevalences of byssinosis were documented at both studies (women: 47.4% and 47.4%; men: 64.3% and 67.9%, respectively). Statistically significant mean across-shift reductions were recorded for all ventilatory capacity tests at the initial study. A large mean annual decline was calculated for FEV1 in women and for all ventilatory capacity parameters in men; these declines were greater for workers with symptoms of byssinosis than for those without. The accelerated decline in FEV1 noted in the women workers, who were predominantly nonsmokers, suggests an independent hemp effect. Exposures in the work environment were measured with Hexhlet filters and revealed very high dust concentrations (mean total: 21.4 mg/m3, 22.4 mg/m3; respirable: 8.4 mg/m3, 9.9 mg/m3) at both initial and follow-up studies. These levels are much higher than those found in mills processing organic materials in North America. Our data demonstrate that work in the hemp industry, particularly in small poorly regulated mills, continues to have deleterious effects on respiratory function.

Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Asthma; Byssinosis; Cannabis; Cohort Studies; Cough; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dust; Dyspnea; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Smoking; Textile Industry; Vital Capacity

Topics: Autopsy; Bronchitis; Cannabis; Dyspnea; Emphysema; Female; Germany, West; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Pneumoconiosis; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiography; Textile Industry

Topics: Byssinosis; Cannabis; Chronic Disease; Cough; Dust; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Male; Respiratory Function Tests; Spirometry; Textile Industry

Topics: Air; Asthma; Cannabis; Child; Dyspnea; Female; Fungi; Geography; Humans; Hungary; Male; Poaceae; Pollen; Spores; Spores, Fungal; Trees; Weather

Topics: Bronchitis; Cannabis; Dyspnea; Occupational Diseases; Pneumoconiosis