humulene and Colorectal-Neoplasms

Topics: Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Carcinogenesis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Terpenes

Δ. This study evaluated the pharmacological effects of Δ. We performed an MTT assay to determine the pharmacological concentration of Δ. The MTT assay showed that treatment with 40 μM Δ. In conclusion, Δ

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Apoptosis; Cannabis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dronabinol; Humans; Plant Extracts; PPAR gamma

Purified cannabinoids have been shown to prevent proliferation and induce apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma cell lines. To assess the cytotoxic effect of cannabinoid extracts and purified cannabinoids on both colorectal polyps and normal colonic cells, as well as their synergistic interaction. Various blends were tested to identify the optimal synergistic effect. Methods: Biopsies from polyps and healthy colonic tissue were obtained from 22 patients undergoing colonic polypectomies. The toxicity of a variety of cannabinoid extracts and purified cannabinoids at different concentrations was evaluated. The synergistic effect of cannabinoids was calculated based on the cells' survival. Isolated cannabinoids illustrated different toxic effects on the viability of cells derived from colorectal polyps. THC-d8 and THC-d9 were the most toxic and exhibited persistent toxicity in all the polyps tested. CBD was more toxic to polypoid cells in comparison to normal colonic cells at a concentration of 15 µM. The combinations of the cannabinoids CBDV, THCV, CBDVA, CBCA, and CBGA exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect on the viability of cells derived from colon polyps of patients. Isolated cannabinoid compounds interacted synergistically against colonic polyps, and some also possessed a differential toxic effect on polyp and adjacent colonic tissue, suggesting possible future therapeutic value.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Colonic Polyps; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dronabinol; Humans; Plant Extracts

Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Apoptosis; Cannabis; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Lung Neoplasms

(1) Background: Recently, a number of side chain length variants for tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol have been identified in cannabis; however, the precursor to these molecules would be based upon cannabigerol (CBG). Because CBG, and its side chain variants, are rapidly converted to other cannabinoids in the plant, there are typically only small amounts in plant extracts, thus prohibiting investigations related to CBG and CBG variant therapeutic effects. (2) Methods: To overcome this, we developed an efficient synthesis of corresponding resorcinol fragments using the Wittig reaction which, under acid catalyzed coupling with geraniol, produced the desired side chain variants of CBG. These compounds were then tested in an animal model of chemotherapeutic-induced neuropathic pain and to reduce colorectal cancer cell viability. (3) Results: We found that all side-chain variants were similarly capable of reducing neuropathic pain in mice at a dose of 10 mg/kg. However, the molecules with shorter side chains (i.e., CBGV and CBGB) were better at reducing colorectal cancer cell viability. (4) Conclusions: The novel synthesis method developed here will be of utility for studying other side chain derivatives of minor cannabinoids such as cannabichromene, cannabinol, and cannabielsoin.

Topics: Animals; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dronabinol; Mice; Neuralgia

This study aimed to characterize patient and clinical factors associated with cannabis (marijuana) use among patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC).. We identified CRC patients, diagnosed from 2016 to 2018, using the Seattle-Puget Sound Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry. CRC patients were recruited via mail and telephone, and participants completed a questionnaire eliciting information on medical history, demographics, and lifestyle factors, including cannabis use. Cancer stage was obtained from SEER registry data.. Of 1,433 survey respondents, 339 (24%) were current cannabis users. Current cannabis use was associated with younger age at diagnosis, lower BMI, and a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption (p-value < 0.05). Cannabis use was also associated with lower quality of life scores (FACT-C) and advanced-stage cancer (p-value < 0.05).. Cannabis use among CRC patients was common. Patients with more advanced disease were more likely to report cannabis use. Use also varied by some personal factors, consistent with patterns in the general population. Given the high prevalence of cannabis use among CRC patients, research is needed to determine the benefits and harms of cannabis use for symptom management in cancer patients.

Topics: Cancer Survivors; Cannabis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Quality of Life; Survivors

Topics: Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Caco-2 Cells; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Cell Proliferation; Colorectal Neoplasms; Flour; HT29 Cells; Humans; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Plant Oils; Seeds; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A component from Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC, γ-humulene, was investigated. Significantly decreased cell viability of human colorectal cancer HT29 cells in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 53.67±2.99 μM for 24-h treatment was found. γ-Humulene induced apoptotic cell death and apoptosis was confirmed by morphological assessment. The staining with propidium iodide (PI) and flow cytometric analysis also showed that γ-humulene significantly promoted the sub-G1 phase (an apoptotic population) in HT29 cells. Colorimetric assays indicated that pretreatment with a specific inhibitor of caspase-8 (Z-IETD-FMK) significantly reduced activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 in examined HT29 cells. γ-Humulene stimulated the death receptor 5 (DR5), DR4, Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD), the cleavage of caspase-8 and cleavage caspase-3, but reduced the protein levels of cellular Fas-associated death-domain-like IL-1ß-converting enzyme inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) by Western blot analysis. Consequently, γ-humulene-triggered cell death was significantly attenuated by DR5 siRNA and the caspase-8 inhibitor. Based on our results, we suggest that γ-humulene induced apoptotic cell death in HT29 cells through a DR5-mediated caspase-8 and -3-dependent signaling pathway. Therefore, this agent might be useful for developing new therapeutic regimens for treatment of colorectal cancer in the future.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Apoptosis; Caspases; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; HT29 Cells; Humans; Models, Biological; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Sesquiterpenes; Signal Transduction

Topics: Aged; Antiemetics; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Aspergillosis; Aspergillus fumigatus; Cannabis; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Colorectal Neoplasms; Drug Contamination; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Marijuana Smoking; Nausea; Plant Extracts; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome