heparitin-sulfate and Adenoma--Pleomorphic

The tumor matrix of salivary pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is characteristically rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which contribute to its complex histoarchitecture. This study evaluated the microscopic localization of various GAGs in 17 PAs, using a panel of anti-GAG monoclonal antibodies and biotinylated hyaluronic acid (HA)-binding protein. Both epithelial and mesenchymal-like tissues were confirmed to contain GAGs. Luminal epithelial cells mostly lacked GAGs, whereas GAGs were seen both in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of non-luminal epithelial cells. In addition, small intercellular accumulations of GAGs were often present in solid epithelial areas, implying the epithelial origin of GAGs. GAGs did not appear to be a main component of the hyaline matrix. The myxoid region was consistently stained for both chondroitin 6-sulfate (CS-6) and HA but variably for chondroitin 4-sulfate (CS-4), dermatan sulfate (DS) and keratan sulfate (KS); heparan sulfate (HS) was not detected. The chondroid region showed increased staining for CS-6 but reduced staining for HA when compared with the myxoid region. In addition, CS-4, DS and KS were seen both in chondroid cells and the territorial matrix, whereas HS was present only in the cells. It is suggested that GAGs in PA are mainly produced by non-luminal cells and influence the proliferation, differentiation, secretory activity and shape of tumor cells, thus contributing to the morphological diversity of this tumor.

Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cell Differentiation; Cell Division; Cell Membrane; Cell Size; Chondroitin Sulfates; Cytoplasm; Dermatan Sulfate; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Extracellular Matrix; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparitin Sulfate; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Keratan Sulfate; Mesoderm; Salivary Gland Neoplasms

In order to determine the participation of basement membrane molecules in formation of its characteristic stroma, 30 cases of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for type IV collagen, laminin, heparan sulfate proteoglycan, and entactin. The stroma was histopathologically classified into four types: hyaline, fibrous, myxoid, and chondroid. Immunohistochemically, type IV collagen and laminin were more intensively localized in hyaline, fibrous and chondroid types of stroma, whereas heparan sulfate proteoglycan was more prominent in myxoid areas. The results suggest that the stroma contains these basement membrane components, which are possibly biosynthesized by epithelial tumor cells, and that histological variety of the stroma depends on proportion of local contents of each basement membrane molecule.

Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Antibodies; Basement Membrane; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; Collagen; Epithelium; Glycoproteins; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; Heparitin Sulfate; Humans; Hyalin; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Laminin; Membrane Glycoproteins; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Staining and Labeling

Pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland is classified into two types based on the morphology of the cells and biochemical analysis of glycosaminoglycans. Type 1: the tumors consisted mainly of spindle cells, producing a large amount of mucinous material, and contained not only chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate and hyaluronic acid but also heparan sulfate. When the tumors of this type were dissociated and cultivated, spindle cells proliferated vigorously as mulitlayer and secreted mucinous substance into the intercellular space. The cells looked like non-epithelial cells in a conventional culture bottle, but showed an epithelial-like arrangement when they were cultivated in sponge matrix or inoculated subcutaneously into mice. Fine fibres stained with orceine or resorcin-fuchsin were observed in the intercellular material both in resected tissue and in culture. Type 2: the tumors consisted mainly of ductal cells, having no mucinous area, and contained little heparan sulfate. When the tumors were cultivated, the growth of epithelial-like polygonal cells was observed in monotonous pattern, producing scanty intercellular substance, and proliferating, as monolayer, much less rapidly than the cells of Type 1.

Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Cells, Cultured; Chondroitin Sulfates; Extracellular Space; Glycosaminoglycans; Heparitin Sulfate; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Microscopy, Electron; Salivary Gland Neoplasms