hafnia and Neoplasms

In past decades, the possibility of using high atomic number nanoparticle has gained interest in gel dosimetry to enhance the dose deposited in the tumor while using low radiation as well as for better imaging purposes. Sparing of healthy tissues and targeting the tumor part have become much more captivating with the help of these systems. The gel dosimetry is a the three-dimensional dosimeter for extracting the dose, which can be used along with the nanoparticles like gold, platinum, and silver, for better therapeutic efficiency for modern radiotherapy techniques. These nanoparticles of different size prepared either by chemical route or green synthesis and incorporated into the gel system respond in a different manner. Having wide applications in therapeutic field, this study reviews the use of gel dosimeters in the therapeutic procedures and also with the aid of nanoparticles so as to achieve dose enhancement. The biological activity of the various nanoparticles has been discussed.

Topics: Animals; Bismuth; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Gadolinium; Gels; Gold; Hafnium; Humans; Iodine; Iron; Metal Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Neoplasms; Oxides; Platinum; Radiometry; Radiotherapy Dosage; Silver

The side effects of radiotherapy induced on healthy tissue limit its use. To overcome this issue and fully exploit the potential of radiotherapy to treat cancers, the first-in-class radioenhancer NBTXR3 (functionalized hafnium oxide nanoparticles) has been designed to amplify the effects of radiotherapy.. Thanks to its physical mode of action, NBTXR3 has the potential to be used to treat any type of solid tumor. Here we demonstrate that NBTXR3 can be used to treat a wide variety of solid cancers. For this, we evaluated different parameters on a large panel of human cancer models, such as nanoparticle endocytosis, in vitro cell death induction, dispersion, and retention of NBTXR3 in the tumor tissue and tumor growth control.. Whatever the model considered, we show that NBTXR3 was internalized by cancer cells and persisted within the tumors throughout radiotherapy treatment. NBTXR3 activated by radiotherapy was also more effective in destroying cancer cells and in controlling tumor growth than radiotherapy alone. Beyond the effects of NBTXR3 as single agent, we show that the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy treatment was improved when combined with NBTXR3.. These data support that NBTXR3 could be universally used to treat solid cancers when radiotherapy is indicated, opening promising new therapeutic perspectives of treatment for the benefit of many patients.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cisplatin; Combined Modality Therapy; Endocytosis; Hafnium; Humans; Mice, Nude; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Oxides; Tissue Distribution; Treatment Outcome

Based on the ionizing radiation applied to the malignant tumor tissue, radiation therapy (RT) is the frequently-used non-surgical approach for cancer treatment. Hafnium Oxide (HfO

Topics: Hafnium; Humans; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Oxides; Precision Medicine

There is considerable interest in approaches that could improve the therapeutic window of radiotherapy. In this study, hafnium oxide nanoparticles were designed that concentrate in tumor cells to achieve intracellular high-energy dose deposit.. Conventional methods were used, implemented in different ways, to explore interactions of these high-atomic-number nanoparticles and ionizing radiation with biological systems.. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, these nanoparticles, when exposed to high-energy photons, were shown to demonstrate an approximately ninefold radiation dose enhancement compared with water. Importantly, the nanoparticles show satisfactory dispersion and persistence within the tumor and they form clusters in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. Marked antitumor activity is demonstrated in human cancer models. Safety is similar in treated and control animals as demonstrated by a broad program of toxicology evaluation.. These findings, supported by good tolerance, provide the basis for developing this new type of nanoparticle as a promising anticancer approach in human patients.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Computer Simulation; Endosomes; Female; Hafnium; Humans; Mice; Mice, Nude; Models, Biological; Monte Carlo Method; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Oxides; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; Radiography; Tumor Burden; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays