guanosine-5--o-(3-thiotriphosphate) and Rhinitis--Allergic--Perennial

We have investigated the exocytotic characteristics of neutrophils from allergic patients and healthy volunteers employing the whole cell membrane capacitance (Cm) measurement. The mean serum IgE level from allergic patients (423.75 +/- 12.75 IU/ml) determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay was much higher than that of healthy volunteers (28.47 +/- 16.68 IU/ml). Intracellular dialysis of buffered Ca2+ and GTPgammaS triggered biphasic exocytosis. The total capacitance increment displayed a steep dependence on pipette free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]p), with maximal stimulation achieved at 10 microM. A significant decrease in the total capacitance increment was observed in the allergic group at [Ca2+]p >10 microM. Moreover, at submaximal stimulatory [Ca2+]p of 1 microM, the maximal rate of exocytosis in allergic patients (Vmax = 20.75 +/- 6.19 fF/s) was much faster than that of the healthy control group (Vmax = 7.97 +/- 2.49 fF/s). On the other hand, the Ca2+-independent exocytosis stimulated by GTPgammaS displayed no significant difference in either the total membrane capacitance increments or the maximal rate of exocytosis. The results suggest that hypersecretion of neutrophils in allergic diseases may involve the development of abnormal Ca2+-dependent exocytosis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibody Specificity; Asthma; Biomarkers; Calcium; Chemokines; China; Cytochalasin B; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exocytosis; Female; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophils; Receptors, Chemokine; Receptors, IgE; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial; Sensitivity and Specificity

Nasal hyperresponsiveness is a common feature of allergic rhinitis, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. The effects of repeated antigen inhalation on the characteristics of histamine H(1) receptors and expression levels of heterotrimeric guanosine 5'-triphosphate-binding proteins in nasal mucosa were investigated to understand the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of nasal hyperresponsiveness in allergic rhinitis.. Male Hartley guinea pigs were sensitized by the inhalation of dinitrophenylated ovalbumin antigen (10 mg of protein/ml) and repeatedly challenged by inhaling aerosolized dinitrophenylated ovalbumin antigen for 3 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last antigen inhalation, in vivo nasal responsiveness to histamine was measured. [(3)H]Mepyramine binding assays and immunoblotting for alpha subunits of the G(q) protein were also performed using membrane preparations of isolated nasal mucosae.. The histamine-induced increase in intranasal pressure was significantly augmented after repeated antigen challenge, indicating that nasal hyperresponsiveness was achieved. In saturation binding studies, no significant change was observed in the density and antagonist affinity of H(1) receptors in the hyperresponsive animals. On the other hand, the affinity of histamine for high-affinity agonist binding sites in the hyperresponsive group, measured by histamine competition binding studies, was much greater than that in control animals, and these results were affected by guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) in both groups. Moreover, Galpha(q) levels in nasal mucosal homogenates were significantly increased after repeated antigen challenge.. Elevated G protein levels in nasal mucosa might induce an increased binding affinity of histamine to its receptors, resulting in an augmented nasal response to histamine, that is, nasal hyperresponsiveness, in guinea pigs.

Topics: Animals; Area Under Curve; Binding, Competitive; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; GTP-Binding Proteins; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Guinea Pigs; Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Male; Nasal Mucosa; Pyrilamine; Receptors, Histamine H1; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial