griseofulvin and Dermatomycoses

Annular, or ring-like, skin lesions are a distinctive cutaneous morphology. Dermatologic diagnosis is based on morphology and distribution, and therefore the generation of a differential diagnosis based on these criteria can lead to proper identification of an eruption. For many dermatologic conditions, considering a differential that includes infection, immune phenomenon, neoplastic process, physical etiology, and idiopathic process will assure that one thinks broadly and is likely to reveal the best diagnosis. Several of these categories are covered in this review of annular eruptions in children.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Child; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Exanthema; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male

The recent literature on the treatment of dermatophytosis in dogs and cats was reviewed. Based upon in vitro studies using isolated infected hairs and controlled or field in vivo studies, the following topical treatments were consistently found to be antifungal (i.e. antidermatophyte): lime sulfur (1:16), 0.2% enilconazole rinses, and a combined 2% miconazole/chlorhexidine shampoo. Animals or hairs were either bathed or rinsed once or twice weekly. Itraconazole, griseofulvin and terbinafine were evaluated in controlled or field studies, most commonly involving cats. Griseofulvin (50 mg kg(-1)) was reported to cure infected animals in 41-70 days. Itraconazole (10 mg kg(-1) once daily or in a combined daily/pulse therapy 10 mg kg(-1) once daily for 28 days and then week on/week off) was reported to cure infected animals in 56-70 days. Low-dose itraconazole (1.5-3.0 mg kg(-1)) in 15-day cycles required 1-3 cycles (15-45 days). Various doses of terbinafine (5-40 mg kg(-1)) were reportedly used to treat dogs or cats. The higher doses of terbinafine (> 20 mg kg(-1)) were required to achieve a mycological cure; the number of treatment days to cure varied from 21 to > 126 days. Lufenuron was reported anecdotally to be an effective cure, however, this was not substantiated in controlled studies. Finally, fungal vaccines were not found to be effective against challenge exposure, however, there is evidence that they may be useful in treatment protocols.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Calcium Compounds; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlorhexidine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Griseofulvin; Imidazoles; Itraconazole; Miconazole; Naphthalenes; Sulfides; Terbinafine; Thiosulfates

Griseofulvin is a metabolic product of Penicillium spp. It was the first available oral agent for the treatment of dermatophytoses and has now been used for more than forty years. Griseofulvin is fongistatic, the exact mechanism in witch it inhibits the growth of dermatophytes is doubtful. Several ways are invoked: inhibition of fungal cell mitosis and nuclear acid synthesis, probable interference with the function of microtubules. Griseofulvin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption is enhanced by administration with fatty meal. Peak plasma occurs four hours after oral administration. Griseofulvin is detected in the outer layer of the stratum corneum soon after it is ingested, it is diffused from the extracellular fluid and sweat. There is no information regarding the mechanism by witch the drug is delivered to nails and hair. Deposition in the newly formed cells could be the major factor. Griseofulvin has also anti-inflammatory properties and some direct vasodilatory effects when it is used in high doses. It is metabolised by the liver microsomial enzyme system and excreted in the urine. The half-life is 9 to 21 hours. Griseofulvine has been used in the therapy of dermatophyte onychomycosis, treatment periods from 6 to 18 months were necessary with disappointing results and numerous relapses. Newer oral antifungal agents are now preferred especially in toenail infections. For many authors griseofulvin is still the treatment of choice of tinea capitis. Doses are 15-20 mg/kg/d for 6 to 8 weeks in children with the microsized form. Clinical response rates have been reported between 80 and 90 p. 100 in controlled studies. Griseofulvin is well-tolerated particulary in children. More frequent side effects are minor: headaches, gastrointestinal reactions and cutaneous eruptions. The major drug interactions has been noted with phenobarbital, anticoagulants and oral contraceptives.

Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Biological Availability; Child; Dermatomycoses; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Griseofulvin; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Nails; Skin; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Drug Administration Schedule; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Naphthalenes; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine

The most common superficial dermatophyte infections in children involve the scalp, skin, and nails. Griseofulvin has traditionally served as the standard of care for scalp and nail infections, but an increasing proportion of tinea capitis infections are proving refractory or very slowly responsive to treatment. This article will review new antifungal therapies available and their future role in the treatment of pediatric dermatophyte infections. As these new agents are not yet FDA approved for use in the pediatric dermatophyte infections, the practitioner must be aware of possible risks and benefits of such drugs, and counsel families appropriately regarding "off-label" use.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Interactions; Female; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Male; Naphthalenes; Terbinafine

A young woman presented with a persistent unilateral erosive and pustular plaque of the forearm. Repeated biopsy was required to make the diagnosis of a fungal cause for her eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; Eosinophilia; Female; Folliculitis; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin

Chronic superficial dermatophyte infection may predispose the immunocompromised patient to invasive or disseminated involvement. We report a case of deep dermatophyte infection in a patient treated with long-term corticosteroid therapy for lung disease. The patient responded well to oral griseofulvin. Previously reported cases are reviewed along with recent investigative findings in the pathogenesis of chronic dermatophyte infections. Recommendations are made for diagnosis and therapy.

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leg Dermatoses; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisone

In the past dermatophytes were treated with topical agents or, in the case of more recalcitrant or extensive disease, with oral antifungals (griseofulvin or ketoconazole). Topical therapies may be effective in many cases, but they have limitations. They may be viewed as inconvenient by the patient, thereby affecting compliance. Therapy with early oral antifungals entails long treatment periods until complete cure is obtained. For ketoconazole rare but serious side effects can occur, particularly with prolonged use. Griseofulvin is still the drug of choice for the treatment of tinea capitis of the Microsporum type. In recent years a few new antimycotic agents have been developed for systemic therapy of superficial fungal infections. Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole. Fluconazole belongs to the same chemical class and was used mainly in systemic yeast infections and mucosal candidosis. Terbinafine is an allylamine and has been found to be effective and safe in brief therapy of dermatophyte infections. Short-duration therapy of most dermatophyte infections is also possible with itraconazole. The high and specific activity against the causative agents, together with their pharmacokinetic properties, explains the good results obtained with these new drugs and their improved safety profile. Their mode of action, pharmacokinetics, and treatment schedules will be discussed.

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Allylamine; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug Administration Schedule; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Morpholines; Time Factors; Tolnaftate

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Molecular Structure

Griseofulvin is the oral antifungal agent of choice for the treatment of dermatophytoses. This article reviews the history, pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, and traditional therapeutic applications of griseofulvin. In addition, reports since 1960 of the use of the drug in the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon, progressive systemic sclerosis, lichen planus, mycosis fungoides, herpes zoster, eosinophilic fasciitis, and molluscum contagiosum are discussed, noting the varying degree of therapeutic success.

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin Diseases

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dermatomycoses; Drug Interactions; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole

Topics: Allylamine; Antifungal Agents; Candida albicans; Cell Membrane; Cell Nucleus; Cell Wall; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Flucytosine; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Microtubules; Mitochondria; Models, Molecular; Mycoses; Nucleic Acids; Sterols; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thymidylate Synthase

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Dermatomycoses; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Kidney Diseases; Mycoses

Topics: Candidiasis; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous; Candidiasis, Oral; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Chromoblastomycosis; Coccidioidomycosis; Cryptococcosis; Dermatomycoses; Drug Interactions; Griseofulvin; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Ketoconazole; Onychomycosis; Paracoccidioidomycosis; Sporotrichosis; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses; Solutions; Time Factors

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Epidermal Growth Factor; Epidermis; Griseofulvin; Hair; Hair Diseases; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Nail Diseases; Spores, Fungal; Tinea Capitis

Two patients with cutaneous alternaria infection are presented. In both patients the skin lesions were characterized by multiple non-healing ulcers covered with dry crusts. Although the skin changes were macroscopically alike in the two patients, differences in the histology were seen. Both patients had primary debilitating diseases. A review of the literature is presented and revealed an additional ten cases of cutaneous alternariosis. Methods for the isolation of Alternaria and the susceptibility of the fungus to antimycotic drugs are presented.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alternaria; Amphotericin B; Child, Preschool; Chlorquinaldol; Dermatomycoses; Female; Flucytosine; Gentian Violet; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitosporic Fungi; Nystatin; Potassium Permanganate; Skin Ulcer

Twenty-five years ago many of the topical remedies for superficial mycoses were irritating, toxic, or allergenic. Total x-ray depilation of the scalp was the accepted mode of therapy for tinea capitis. The introduction of topical nystatin for candidiasis and tolnaftate for dermatophytosis were major advances, but tinea capitis, onychomycosis, and chronic tinea pedis still presented problems. Soon after its introduction in 1958, griseofulvin became the definitive form of therapy for all types of dermatophytosis and played a major role in abolishing large-scale epidemics of tinea capitis in some countries. Recently, haloprogin and the imidazole derivatives, miconazole and clotrimazole, which are topically active against dermatophytes and Candida albicans, have become available. Selective indicator media for isolating dermatophytes are useful diagnostic tools, but quicker methods of diagnosis which require little interpretation are still lacking. Epidemiologic studies in Vietnam again revealed the effects of climate and occlusion on the prevalence, incidence, and severity of superficial mycoses and led to renewed interest in host susceptibility, environment, and prevention of infections.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Hair Removal; Humans; Male; Nystatin

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Aspergillosis; Blastomycosis; Candicidin; Candidiasis; Coccidioidomycosis; Colistin; Cryptococcosis; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Emetine; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Imidazoles; Minocycline; Natamycin; Nystatin; Polyenes; Tolnaftate

Topics: Alkenes; Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Aspergillus; Benzene Derivatives; Candida; Dermatomycoses; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Kinetics; Mice; Microsporum; Mycoses; Natamycin; Nystatin; Trichophyton

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Dermatomycoses; Epidermophyton; Griseofulvin; Humans; Humidity; Hydrocortisone; Microsporum; Skin; Skin Tests; Spores, Fungal; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Alopecia; Balanitis; Candidiasis; Dermatitis, Occupational; Dermatomycoses; Diaper Rash; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Eczema; Erectile Dysfunction; Estrogens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Griseofulvin; Humans; Keloid; Male; Nystatin; Paronychia; Psoriasis; Scabies; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Skin Diseases; Varicose Veins; Vitamins

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Candida; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Dermatomycoses; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Griseofulvin; Headache; Humans; Leukopenia; Microsporum; Ointments; Pityriasis; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis; Tinea Versicolor; Trichophyton

Topics: Animal Diseases; Animals; Cats; Chinchilla; Cricetinae; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Reservoirs; Dogs; Germany, West; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Horse Diseases; Horses; Humans; Legislation, Medical; Mice; Microsporum; Monkey Diseases; Opossums; Rabbits; Rats; Sciuridae; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Soil Microbiology; Swine; Swine Diseases; Tinea; Zoonoses

Topics: Biology; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Tinea; Toxicology

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dermatitis; Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatology; Dermatomycoses; Drug Hypersensitivity; Ear, External; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Nevus; Nevus, Pigmented; Psoriasis; Puerperal Disorders; Skin Neoplasms

To determine efficacy of orally administered itraconazole in cats with dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis.. Uncontrolled clinical trial.. 15 cats with dermatophytosis caused by M canis.. All cats were treated with itraconazole (1.5 to 3.0 mg/kg [0.7 to 1.4 mg/lb] of body weight, PO, q 24 h, for 15 days). Six cats had been treated with griseofulvin (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h) during a 60-day period, but their clinical condition had not improved. Five cats treated at the highest dosage of itraconazole vomited or became anorectic. Consequently, dosages were progressively decreased for each cat until adverse effects were not evident. After treatment, samples of hair were submitted for fungal cultures, and if appropriate, treatment was repeated when culture results were positive.. 8 cats treated with itraconazole recovered completely, as indicated by resolution of lesions and negative results of fungal cultures. Six of these 8 cats received a single 15-day course of treatment, whereas the remaining 2 cats needed prolonged treatment (two 15-day courses of treatment and three 15-day courses of treatment). In 4 other cats that became clinically normal, M canis was isolated from hair samples obtained at the completion of treatment, even though only 1 colony or a small number of colonies was isolated. In the other 3 cats, itraconazole did not cause clinical improvement, and culture results remained positive.. Oral administration of itraconazole at dosages of 1.5 to 3.0 mg/kg may be useful for the treatment of cats with dermatophytosis attributable to M canis infections.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Griseofulvin; Itraconazole; Male; Microsporum

Sixty-one patients with a clinical diagnosis of onychomycosis in finger or toe nails were treated with itraconazole 100 mg/day or griseofulvin 500 mg/day for six to nine months. The infective causes were Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, or Trichophyton violaceum, and in two cases Candida albicans. A total of 27 finger and 390 toe nails were infected. Statistically significant intragroup reductions from baseline symptom severity values were seen at endpoint (month 6 or 9) for both treatment groups for all parameters: colour change, thickness, brittleness and unaffected area. No clinically or statistically significant differences between the treatment groups were seen at endpoint. However, the itraconazole group continued to improve during the follow-up, while the mean symptom severity ratings remained the same in the griseofulvin group. All itraconazole patients and 85% of griseofulvin patients were rated as cured or markedly improved at endpoint. Nineteen out of 26 evaluable itraconazole patients (73%) remained cured during the three month follow-up period, compared with 12 out of 17 griseofulvin patients (71%). The rather large number of drop-outs, especially among griseofulvin patients, makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions of the symptom recurrence. Two itraconazole patients stopped medication due to an adverse event, compared to four patients in the griseofulvin group. The clinical laboratory data on itraconazole-treated patients did not show any statistically or clinically significant changes. In conclusion, itraconazole was at least as effective as griseofulvin in the treatment of onychomycosis. The itraconazole group continued to improve after the treatment was stopped. The results show that itraconazole 100 mg/day is safe and efficient in the long-term treatment of fungal nail infections.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged; Onychomycosis; Single-Blind Method

In an open study 58 patients with chronic dermatophytosis mainly caused by Trichophyton rubrum and five patients with Tinea capitis were treated with ketoconazole. The indications were ineffectiveness of or side effects to griseofulvin. Response to treatment varied from 1 week in scalp infections to 11 weeks in toe-nail lesions. Dermatophytosis of hands and feet were cured in 25%, marked improvement observed in further 30%. Toe- and finger-nail infections were cured in 20% and 43%, respectively, and marked improvement seen in further 36% and 14%, respectively. All scalp infections were cured without relapse. Recurrence of infections before 6 months after treatment was seen in 55-60% of hand and foot lesions and 33-38% of finger and toe-nail infections. In a double-blind study 20 patients with onychomycosis caused by T. rubrum the efficacy of ketoconazole was compared to that of griseofulvin. Cure rates in the griseofulvin group were 25% for finger-nails and zero for toe-nails, while 50% and 57% experienced marked improvement. In the ketoconazole group, 25% of finger-nail infections were cured and 75% markedly improved, while the corresponding figures for toe-nails were 11% and 89%, respectively. Adverse reactions to ketoconazole were seen in 29 (46%) of the patients in the open study and in 2 (20%) in the double-blind study and comprised mainly minor complaints. Side effects caused discontinuation in 12 patients, in two of whom due to toxic hepatitis.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Double-Blind Method; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Onychomycosis; Random Allocation; Tinea; Tinea Capitis

The merits of oral ketoconazole and griseofulvin in dermatophytosis have been compared in a double blind study on 74 patients with 152 infected sites. The initial daily doses were 200 mg and 500 mg respectively, but these were doubled after 3 months if there was an inadequate clinical response. Treatment was continued either until clinical and mycological remission was achieved or a year of therapy had been given. Seventy-five per cent (total 80) and 74% (total 72) of all infected sites treated with ketoconazole and griseofulvin respectively were cleared of infection. However, in toe nail infections the respective cure rates were only 21% and 17%. Ketoconazole appeared to act more rapidly in curing tinea corporis or tinea cruris due to Trichophyton rubrum, whereas griseofulvin was superior in T. interdigitale infections. No serious side-effects were encountered in either treatment group. In view of the slight risk of drug-induced hepatitis, ketoconazole is best reserved as a second-line drug for toe nail infections unless there are specific indications, such as griseofulvin intolerance. In these cases liver function tests should be monitored regularly throughout therapy.

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Double-Blind Method; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Skin

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged

A multicenter double-blind study was conducted on the use of ketoconazole and griseofulvin for the treatment of dermatomycoses. Of one hundred thirty cases (one hundred twenty-seven patients) for which efficacy data were available, sixty-six were treated with a single daily dose of 200 mg ketoconazole, and sixty-four were treated with a single daily dose of 250 mg griseofulvin for periods of two to sixteen weeks. The proportion of remissions observed with ketoconazole (61 percent) was significantly greater (p = 0.02) than that observed with griseofulvin (39 percent). The proportion of relapses within two months was significantly less (p less than 0.01) in the ketoconazole group (9 percent) than in the griseofulvin group (43 percent). The frequency and severity of side effects were comparable in the two groups.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Double-Blind Method; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Male; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Piperazines; Rhodotorula; Tinea

50 patients with drug-resistant and/or extensive superficial mycoses and positive cultures for dermatophytes, were randomly assigned to treatment either with 200 mg ketoconazole (26 patients, mean age 31 years) or 500 mg griseofulvin (24 patients, mean age 32.5 years) daily, administered in identical capsules. Patients were evaluated before and during treatment, clinically, by direct microscopy and cultures in double-blind conditions. The maximum duration of treatment was 6 weeks. 26/26 patients in the ketoconazole group and 22/24 patients in the griseofulvin group had negative cultures after 2.5 and 3 weeks (median values) respectively. Clinical symptoms responded rapidly and completely to both treatments. Therapeutic results were statistically significant in both groups. 1 patient in each group relapsed during the next 3 months after the end of the treatment. No unwanted effects were reported. Although both treatments were effective, therapeutic results were slightly better and appeared earlier with ketoconazole.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Double-Blind Method; Epidermophyton; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Male; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Piperazines; Tinea

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Double-Blind Method; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged

The newer antifungal agents, clotrimazole, miconazole and haloprogin are considered for their efficacy and acceptability, and are compared with other topical agents used for the treatment of dermatophyte infections of the skin.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Miconazole; Phenyl Ethers; Tolnaftate

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Balanitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Drug Evaluation; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Onychomycosis; Tinea

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Quinacrine; Time Factors; Tinea; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Topical; Adult; Arthrodermataceae; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ointments; Placebos; Tinea; Tinea Pedis; Tolnaftate

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatomycoses; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ointments; Petroleum; Prednisolone

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Microsporum; Tinea Capitis

Dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic fungi that invade and infect the keratinized tissues and cause dermatophytosis. We investigated effectiveness of novel triazole (luliconazole and lanaconazole) in comparison with available antifungal agents against dermatophyte species isolated from patients with tinea pedis.. A total of 60 dermatophytes species were isolated from the patients with tinea pedis. Identification of species was done by DNA sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 rDNA region. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing with luliconazole and lanaconazole and available antifungal agent was done in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, M38-A2 document.. In all investigated isolates, luliconazole had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (MIC range=0.0005-0.004μg/mL), while fluconazole (MIC range=0.4-64μg/mL) had the highest MICs. Geometric mean MIC was the lowest for luliconazole (0.0008μg/mL), followed by lanoconazole (0.003μg/mL), terbinafine (0.019μg/mL), itraconazole (0.085 μg/mL), ketoconazole (0.089μg/mL), econazole (0.097μg/mL), griseofulvin (0.351 μg/mL), voriconazole (0.583μg/mL) and fluconazole (11.58μg/mL).. The novel triazoles showed potent activity against dermatophytes and promising candidates for the treatment of tinea pedis caused by Trichophyton and Epidermophyton species. However, further studies are warranted to determine the clinical implications of these investigations.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Terbinafine; Tinea; Tinea Pedis; Triazoles; Trichophyton; Voriconazole

Asymptomatic carriage is a condition of positive dermatophyte scalp culture without signs and symptoms of tinea capitis. Carriers are the source of dermatophytes that are able to transfer fungal agents to other people. The aim of this study was evaluating asymptomatic dermatophyte scalp carriage among students of primary schools in Arak city.. Sampling by a sterilized hairbrush from scalp was performed among 3174 students. Hairbrush was inoculated onto Mycosel agar plates. Dermatophyte isolates were identified by PCR-RFLP using MvaI enzyme. In vitro antifungal susceptibility test was done according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 protocol. The antifungal drugs used included griseofulvin (GRZ), terbinafine (TER), itraconazole (ITC) and fluconazole (FLU).. A total of 3174 schoolchildren were screened, 15 cases (0.48%) had a positive culture for dermatophytes. Asymptomatic carriers including 11 (73.3%) boys and 4 (26.7%) girls and their age range were between 7-12 years. Trichophyton tonsurans (80%), T. interdigitale (13.3%) and T. rubrum (6.7%) were the most common isolated dermatophyte. Based on the obtained antifungal susceptibility results, terbinafine had the lowest and fluconazole had the highest MIC values for all of the tested dermatophyte isolates.. In the study, T. tonsurans was the most common species isolated from asymptomatic carriers and of the four antifungals tested, terbinafine had the most active antifungal in vitro against all isolates. Identifying and treating scalp dermatophyte carriers can prevent the spread of tinea capitis in the community.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Asymptomatic Infections; Carrier State; Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Iran; Itraconazole; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; Scalp; Schools

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine

As shown by recent research, most of the clinically relevant fungi, including dermatophytes, form biofilms in vitro and in vivo, which may exhibit antimicrobial tolerance that favour recurrent infections. The aim of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VCZ) and griseofulvin (GRI) against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum in planktonic and biofilm growth. For the planktonic form, susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), document M38-A2, while biofilm susceptibility was evaluated using the XTT colorimetric essay. The planktonic growth of all strains was inhibited, with MIC values ranging from 0.00195 to 0.1225 μg/mL for VRC, 0.00195 to 0.25 μg/mL for ITC and <0.0039 to 4 μg/mL for GRI, while a 50-fold increase in the MIC was required to significantly reduce the metabolic activity (P < .05) of dermatophyte biofilms. In brief, the ability of dermatophytes to form biofilms may be a contributing factor for the recalcitrance of dermatophytoses or the dissemination of the disease.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Azoles; Biofilms; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Voriconazole

Terbinafine hydrochloride and griseofulvin are effective oral treatments for dermatophyte infections but have been associated with hepatic and hematologic abnormalities. The prevalence of alanine aminotransferase elevations, aspartate aminotransferase elevations, anemia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia among adults and children taking terbinafine and griseofulvin is unclear.. To measure the rate of laboratory test result abnormalities in healthy adults and children taking terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections.. This retrospective study assessed adults and children taking terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2016. Data were collected from one Midwest health care system. Exclusion criteria were preceding diagnosis of hepatic or hematologic condition and preceding or concurrent use of oral ketoconazole, amphotericin, or itraconazole.. The rates of elevated alanine aminotransferase measurements, elevated aspartate aminotransferase measurements, anemia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia in adults and children taking terbinafine, griseofulvin microsize, or griseofulvin ultramicrosize were calculated. Secondary measures included rates of baseline abnormalities, frequency of laboratory test results that required additional testing or discontinued use of medication, and laboratory test result monitoring practices.. This study included laboratory data from 4985 patients (mean [SD] age, 42.8 [20.3] years; 2288 [45.9%] female) receiving 4309 courses of terbinafine, 634 courses of griseofulvin microsize, and 159 courses of griseofulvin ultramicrosize. We identified a low rate of laboratory test result abnormalities in patients taking terbinafine or griseofulvin. When laboratory test result abnormalities occurred, most were low grade (212 [93.4%] grade 1) and did not require subsequent laboratory test result evaluation or discontinued use of medication (15 051 [99.9%]). Elevations in alanine aminotransferase measurements were detected infrequently and were comparable to baseline detection rates (61 [3.5%] vs 95 [3.6%] for terbinafine, 2 [2.1%] vs 3 [3.7%] for griseofulvin microsize, and 0 vs 2 [5.0%] for griseofulvin ultramicrosize). Rates of elevated aspartate aminotransferase measurements, anemia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia were also infrequent and comparable to baseline rates.. In this study. the rates of alanine aminotransferase elevations, aspartate aminotransferase elevations, anemia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia in adults and children taking terbinafine or griseofulvin were low and equivalent to the baseline rates of abnormalities in this population. Routine interval laboratory test result monitoring appears to be unnecessary in adults and children without underlying hepatic or hematologic conditions taking terbinafine or griseofulvin for dermatophyte infections. Abandoning frequent laboratory monitoring can decrease unnecessary health care spending, decrease patient psychological angst associated with blood draws, and allow for expanded use of these effective oral medications.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Antifungal Agents; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biomarkers; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Terbinafine; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Majocchi granuloma (MG) is a rare dermal and subcutaneous fungal infection. We report a rare case of MG on the face of a six-year-old child caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes after long term use of topical corticosteroids and other inadequate topical medications. He was treated with griseofulvin 25 mg/kg/day for 35 days unsuccessfully and successful treatment was obtained with terbinafine.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Facial Dermatoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Terbinafine; Tinea; Treatment Failure

A 2.5-year-old intact male miniature lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with multiple nodules surrounding the eyes, nose, mouth, and prepuce. Cytological evaluation of the periocular nodules revealed the presence of intracellular (within macrophages) and extracellular yeast organisms. The yeast organisms were approximately 3-5 µm in diameter, round to oval, with a thin clear capsule, and contained an eccentrically placed basophilic crescent-shaped nucleus. The clinical pathological interpretation was granulomatous inflammation with intralesional yeast of a morphology consistent with Histoplasma spp. The rabbit was treated with microsized griseofulvin (25 mg/kg, orally, once a day) for 12 days pending final cytological diagnosis of histoplasmosis. No significant improvement was noted during the treatment period, and humane euthanasia was performed. Postmortem examination revealed the presence of intracellular and extracellular yeast organisms in the small intestine, skin (antebrachium, perioral, palpebral, perianal, and pinnal), penis, penile urethra, rectum, axillary lymph node, and conjunctiva. Postmortem fungal culture yielded Histoplasma capsulatum. Based on clinical and postmortem findings, a definitive diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis was made. Disseminated histoplasmosis appears to be unreported in rabbits. Although the treatment used did not provide noticeable improvement, available information on histoplasmosis treatment in other species has been reviewed to provide useful information for future management of this condition in rabbits.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Fatal Outcome; Griseofulvin; Histocytochemistry; Histoplasma; Histoplasmosis; Male; Pets; Rabbits

Dermatophytic pseudomycetoma is a subcutaneous fungal infection by Microsporum canis.. This work describes a case of dermatophytic pseudomycetoma in a Persian cat.. A 3-year old female Persian cat showing alopecia, scaling and ulcerated nodules throughout the body, with presence of ulcerated nodules with yellow granular discharges on the dorsum, close to the tail. Mycological and histopathological examinations were realized.. Diagnosis of dermatophytic pseudomycetoma was established. The cat was treated with griseofulvin, and surgical excision was carried out. Response to therapy was effective during the first months, during which a reduction in nodule frequency was observed. However, despite maintaining the therapy levels, the lesions relapsed and progressed to the point of causing the animal's death.. The clinic evolution showed the progressive and recurrent character of dermatophytic pseudomycetoma.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Combined Modality Therapy; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Female; Griseofulvin; Microsporum; Mycetoma; Recurrence

There presently exists a wide selection of choices in the treatment of superficial mycoses. The main categories of broad-spectrum agents are the allylamines and imidazoles, which have been tried and proven over more than 2 decades of usage with good safety. Nystatin and griseofulvin have even longer experience of about 5 decades but have niche usage for yeasts and dermatophytes, respectively. Although no new therapeutic groups have appeared, extensive development of vehicles and delivery systems has enhanced therapeutic results and increased patient compliance.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Azoles; Dermatomycoses; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Morpholines; Tolnaftate; United States

The effectiveness of enilconazole (4 weekly rinses with a 0.2% solution) or griseofulvin (50mg/kg twice daily for 40 days) following a pre-treatment with oral lufenuron (100mg/kg by-weekly for 8 weeks) was tested on 25 (11+14) Microsporum canis infected cats. Control animals were treated with lufenuron, griseofulvin and enilconazole alone. At day 150 pre-treated animals were culturally negative and clinically cured. While lufenuron alone was found to be ineffective against M canis infection, an immunomodulatory effect of the drug can be suggested, as reported in literature. Its use could be reserved to long-lasting infections, unsuccessfully treated with conventional drugs. Further studies are required to clearly establish the possible adjuvant effect of this molecule when used prior to enilconazole or griseofulvin.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Benzamides; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fungicides, Industrial; Griseofulvin; Imidazoles; Insecticides; Male; Microsporum

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Fluorescence; Griseofulvin; Humans; Light; Male; Pruritus

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluorescence; Griseofulvin; Humans; Light; Microsporum; Pruritus; Skin

We report on 2 cases of kerions in children: one of them was located on the pubis, an exceptional location; the second one was located on the scalp and presented like multiple abscess of the scalp, for which surgical drainage was performed. In both cases, Trichophyton mentagrophytes was involved. This dermatophyte is zoophilic, contrary to the dermatophytes usually involved in tinea capitis, which could explain the poor adaptation of the dermatophyte to the human host, who would therefore react by generating a severe inflammatory reaction. Antifungal drugs are recommended for the treatment of kerions, especially griseofuline for 6 to 8 weeks. The value of oral steroids and surgery continues to be debated.

Topics: Abscess; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Prednisolone; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Favosa; Vulvar Diseases

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Erythema Nodosum; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Occipital Bone; Trichophyton

Dermatophytes responsible for causing dermatophytoses in humans have acquired resistance to certain antimycotic drugs. We isolated naturally occurring actinomycetes with an ability to produce metabolites having antimycotic property. The timecourse of antifungal metabolite production in terms of arbitrary units (AU) under optimum conditions was studied.. Water and soil samples were collected from various locations. The actinomycetes were isolated on starch casein medium and screened for their antifungal activity against yeasts and molds including dermatophytes. One promising isolate which showed a unique, stable and interesting property of inhibiting only dermatophytes was selected and characterized. Optimization of antifungal metabolite production in terms of AU using Trichphyton rubrum as target was done. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of the culture supernatant from the isolate and that of griseofulvin were determined for all dermatophytes.. Of the 218 actinomycete isolates, 14 per cent produced the metabolites having antifungal activity. The selected actinomycete, identified as Streptomyces rochei AK 39 produced metabolite, which was active against only dermatophytes whereas yeasts and other molds were resistant to it. Starch casein medium was found to be good for inducing antifungal activity in the isolate. The maximum antifungal metabolite production (400 AU/ml) was achieved in the late log phase, which remained constant during the stationery phase, and it was extracellular in nature. The MIC and MFC values of the culture supernatant from the isolate against the dermatophytes were within the range 1.25 to 5 and 1.25 to 10 AU/ml respectively.. The metabolite from Streptomyces rochei AK 39 was produced during late log phase and was active against only dermatophytes with a greater potency than griseofulvin. However, this needs further investigation using purified powdered form of the active component.

Topics: Actinobacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Griseofulvin; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Soil Microbiology; Streptomyces; Water Microbiology

The treatment of dermatophytoses is a complex process influenced by the properties of the antimycotic and the causative agent as well as by patient-related factors. Both the minimal inhibition concentration and the drug concentration in the infected tissue influence treatment success. Dermatophytes can be present as arthrospores in the skin, nails or hair. Non-proliferating dermatophytes (arthrospores) are less susceptible to antimycotics than proliferating ones, particularly to antibiotics which act through the inhibition of fungal ergosterol synthesis. Non-proliferating dermatophytes do not synthesize ergosterol, a essential component of fugal cell membranes. Also, dermatophytes accumulating in hollow spaces mostly in the nail plate, cannot be reached by antimycotics. The concentration of terbinafine and itraconazole is very high in sebum. This is of importance in the treatment of dermatophytoses localized to in the stratum corneum and in or around the hair. Preadolescent children do not have functioning sebaceous glands; this explains the difficulties in the treatment of pediatric tinea capitis.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Child; Dermatomycoses; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naphthalenes; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine; Time Factors

These guidelines for management of onychomycosis have been prepared for dermatologists on behalf of the British Association of Dermatologists. They present evidence-based guidance for treatment, with identification of the strength of evidence available at the time of preparation of the guidelines, and a brief overview of epidemiological aspects, diagnosis and investigation.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Naphthalenes; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine; Treatment Failure

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Fungicides, Industrial; Griseofulvin; Imidazoles; Microsporum; Severity of Illness Index

Of the 150 clinically suspected cases of Dermatophytosis studied, majority of the cases were from age group 11-20 and 21-30 (51.4%), Tinea corporis (48.7%) and Tinea capitis (18%) were the commonest clinical types. The isolation rate was 24% (36) of which 19 (52.7%) were Trichophyton rubrum, 11 (30.55%) were Trichophyton mentagrophytes and 4 (11.1%) were Trichophyton violaceum. One isolate each of Microsporum gypseum & Epidermophyton floccosum were obtained. Griseofulvin proved to be the best drug with a sensitivity of 94.4% followed by Miconazole (75% sensitive). Tolnaftate showed a sensitivity of 47.22%. For Clotrimazole only 30.55% of the isolates were sensitive.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Epidermophyton; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Miconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Trichophyton

We investigated the in vitro activity of terbinafine against fresh veterinary isolates of Microsporum canis and the potential of this organism to develop resistance in vivo during oral therapy. Dermatophyte cultures (n = 300) were obtained from naturally infected cats and dogs undergoing oral therapy with terbinafine or griseofulvin. M. canis comprised 92% of isolates; other species included Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of terbinafine and griseofulvin were determined by broth macrodilution assay. Terbinafine was highly active against all three species with MIC90< or =0.03 microg ml(-1), in agreement with published data. However, terbinafine exhibited primary cidal activity against 66% of Microsporum isolates (n = 275) in contrast to the almost complete cidal effect in Trichophyton (n = 18). Griseofulvin was significantly less active than terbinafine (MIC90 = 4 microg ml(-1)) but had a primary cidal action on about 40% of the isolates. The data were analysed for changes in MIC and MFC during the course of therapy, which could be indicative for development of acquired resistance. Oral treatment of 37 animals with terbinafine for up to 39 weeks caused no increase in MIC or MFC of terbinafine, either in individual patients or in the whole group.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Dogs; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microsporum; Naphthalenes; Terbinafine; Trichophyton

Multiple cutaneous xanthomas, associated with fasting hyperlipidaemia, are described in a 9-month-old domestic long-haired cat. A severely pruritic, papular, and crusting dermatitis affecting the head and neck, initially diagnosed as lesions of the eosinophilic granuloma complex, progressively developed on the head and pinnae. Pruritus was controlled with administration of prednisolone and chlorambucil. Repeat histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous xanthoma and concurrent mild demodicosis. Marked fasting hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and transient hyperglycaemia were subsequently confirmed. Treatment for hyperlipidaemia and xanthomas with a low-fat diet (Hill's Feline r/d) and the previously unreported treatment for feline demodicosis of daily oral milbemycin were commenced. Multiple pink, alopecic plaques and papules gradually regressed, however pruritus recurred if immunosuppressive treatment was reduced, and well-demarcated areas of alopecia developed on the head, limbs and trunk, despite negative skin scrapings for demodex mites. Fungal culture of hair samples yielded Microsporum canis. All cutaneous lesions resolved with the addition of griseofulvin to the treatment regimen. Concurrent corneal ulceration and keratoconjunctivitis sicca ultimately resolved with treatment, including topical cyclosporin. Diabetes mellitus developed 6 months after resolution of skin lesions. No cutaneous or ocular abnormalities were present 6 months later with continued low-fat diet and insulin administration, although transient recurrence of papules and pruritus occurred after inadvertent access to a fatty meal. An underlying primary hyperlipidaemia was suspected, causing pruritic xanthomas. This may represent the first report of concurrent cutaneous xanthomas, demodicosis and dermatophytosis in a cat.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Griseofulvin; Hyperlipidemias; Insecticides; Macrolides; Male; Microsporum; Mite Infestations; Xanthomatosis

The isolate from the rabbit with dermatophytosis which was transmitted to the owners was proved to be Arthroderma benhamiae (-) by mating experiments as well as by chitin synthase 1 (CHSI) gene analysis.

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Chloramphenicol; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Rabbits

Fungal infections of the skin as well as of the nails and hair due to dermatophytes or due to yeasts or moulds still form a major portion of skin diseases overall. Effective therapy of mycoses is not always simple to achieve. In less severe cases topical therapy can be sufficient, but in extensive cutaneous infections, previous resistance to treatment and especially hyperkeratotic tinea and onychomycosis, systemic therapy can be mandatory. For systemic therapy, in particular azoles, i.e. itraconazole and fluconazole as well as the allylamine terbinafine are worth considering. The older antimycotics, i.e. griseofulvin and also ketoconazole are more and more replaced by other, newer drugs. For optimal treatment of a given mycosis, therapy can and should correspond to the individual situation. This applies both to the type of drug and its mode of application. The treatment of choice is the one with the best benefit to risk ratio and the best benefit to cost ratio. Unfortunately, as yet, a cure cannot be expected in every single case.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Oral; Antifungal Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Dermatomycoses; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Hair Diseases; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Naphthalenes; Odds Ratio; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine; Tinea

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fluconazole; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Tinea; Treatment Outcome

Mycotic infections in childhood are caused in the majority of cases by dermatophytes. If an oral treatment is indicated, itraconazole and terbinafine are superior to griseofulvin and are nowadays drugs of first choice although an official registration for treatment of children is missing in Germany. Yeasts in infections of childhood are the causative organisms in Pityrosporum-folliculitis and act as an important co-factor in diaper dermatitis.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Itraconazole; Malassezia; Naphthalenes; Terbinafine

Microsporum canis infection was induced in 21 healthy SPF-derived cats. Once infection was established (4 weeks after inoculation) the cats were divided into three equal groups housed in separate rooms and monitored for 16 weeks. During this time, group A cats received oral griseofulvin at approximately 50 mg/kg daily and were shampooed twice weekly with a product containing chlorhexidine and miconazole. Group B cats were treated with griseofulvin alone, and group C cats served as untreated controls. The cats were examined on a weekly basis and the severity of lesions was scored semi-quantitatively. In addition, hair samples were collected from each cat on a weekly basis by the MacKenzie brush technique and by the sticky-tape method. A semi-quantitative scoring system was also used for the assessment of fungal (M canis) growth. Generally, significant differences in clinical scores were not seen between the groups although at weeks 3, 4 and 11 there was a significant difference (P< or =0.015) with cats in group A having significantly lower median scores than those in group C. Median times to clinical resolution (return of clinical scores to zero) in groups A, B and C were at treatment weeks 2, 9 and 12, respectively (P>0.05). Median times for mycological resolution (persistently negative culture results) for groups A, B and C were at treatment weeks 2, 9 and 12, respectively, for the MacKenzie brush technique and at weeks 4, 8 and 12 for the sticky-tape technique. For both these results, the groups differed significantly (P< or =0.001) and in both instances group A had significantly more rapid resolution than groups B or C. Median culture scores were significantly different between the three groups using one or both of the sampling techniques at week 2 through to week 12 of treatment with median scores for either group A alone, or groups A and B being significantly lower than group C (P< or =0.026). These results showed a benefit from the addition of twice-weekly chlorhexidine-miconazole shampooing to systemic griseofulvin therapy alone in the treatment of M canis infected cats.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Chlorhexidine; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Male; Miconazole; Microsporum; Random Allocation; Skin; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Naphthalenes; Onychomycosis; Terbinafine

Microsporum canis is the dermatophyte most commonly responsible for ringworm in cats. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of oral terbinafine (Lamisil; Sandoz) in the treatment of feline ringworm caused by M canis, and to consider this drug as an alternative to griseofulvin or imidazoles. Fifteen cats infected with M canis were treated orally once daily with 30 mg/kg of terbinafine over a 2-week period. All treated animals were checked for dermatophytes on the last day of treatment, a month later and 3 months after the last administration of the drug. Only 12 cats could be used in the whole trial and 11 of these (92%) showed a complete cure. Terbinafine could be an effective alternative to griseofulvin when fungal resistance or idiosyncrasic intolerance are shown and, compared with griseofulvin, could give a faster rate of cure and less relapses.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Itraconazole; Male; Microsporum; Naphthalenes; Terbinafine; Treatment Outcome

Superficial fungal infections of the skin are among the most common infections encountered in medicine. The diagnosis is easily confirmed with simple office-based procedures. In certain clinical situations, the diagnosis can be elusive.. We analyzed clinical data on five patients who came in referral for treatment of a recalcitrant dermatosis.. All patients had their diagnosis confirmed by a positive potassium hydroxide preparation from skin scrapings or by a skin biopsy positive for fungal elements. All showed clinical improvement and ultimate resolution of their skin lesions with topical and/or systemic antifungal therapy.. Diagnosis can be complicated by previous use of corticosteroid-containing topical and/or systemic agents, a clinical history closely resembling that of a photosensitive disorder, and a lack of clinical-histopathologic correlation. Laboratory procedures and skin biopsy of an ambiguous appearing lesion can be diagnostic, but an accurate diagnosis is dependent on communication between the clinician and the pathologist. We recommend that office-based procedures be done early in treatment so that subsequent efforts can be directed toward providing appropriate therapies.

Topics: Adolescent; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Hydroxides; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged; Potassium Compounds; Skin Diseases

To evaluate the efficacy of itraconazole and griseofulvin in the treatment of Microsporum canis infection, 15 juvenile cats were infected by topical application of 10(5) live M canis macroconidia to the skin of the lateral part of the trunk, and an occlusive bandage was applied. After 3 weeks, cats were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups (n = 5 each): cats in the first group received griseofulvin (50 mg/kg of body weight, PO, q 24 h); the second group received itraconazole (10 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h); and the third group (control) received an equivalent volume of vehicle (without drug, PO, q 24 h). Treatment continued for 100 days, or until mycologic cure (lack of dermatophyte isolation on 3 consecutive weekly fungal cultures) was achieved. Infection in all cats peaked in severity at week 6 after inoculation, then gradually resolved over the next 11 weeks. The itraconazole-treated group was the first to achieve a cure, after receiving 56 days of treatment, followed by the griseofulvin-treated group at 70 days. None of the cats in the control group reached mycologic cure after 100 days of treatment. As early as day 14 of treatment, the griseofulvin- and itraconazole-treated groups had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mean infection scores, compared with those in the control group. Significant differences in the mean infection scores between the itraconazole- and griseofulvin-treated groups were not found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Itraconazole; Microsporum; Random Allocation; Skin

We report six patients with Kerion Celsi due to Trichophyton verrucosum. Five of the patients were hospitalized with the diagnosis of Staphylococcal abscess. This confusion is due to that highly suppurative and inflammatory nature of the infection. Griseofulvin is the antimicrobial of choice for treatment, associated with imidazolics and corticosteroids to prevent alopecia. The authors suggest that an adequate use of simple microbiological diagnostic tests in the diagnosis of pyodermitis in rural children, may prevent unnecessary hospitalizations and permanent hair loss.

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Scalp Dermatoses; Trichophyton

In vitro susceptibility testing of 43 isolates of dermatophytes was carried out against imidazoles-ketoconazole, miconazole and econazole and griseofulvin by agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. Econazole was the most effective drug inhibiting all the isolates at a concentration of 0.1 microgram ml-1. The MIC 50s and MIC 90s for ketoconazole and miconazole were 1 and 2.5 mg ml-1 whereas the values for griseofulvin were 1 and 5 micrograms ml-1. Good correlation was seen between the MIC and sizes of zones of inhibition around the disks. Regression analysis was used to measure the degree of correlation between the MIC values and matched averaged zones of inhibition and the correlation coefficients for econazole, ketoconazole, miconazole and griseofulvin were -0.5554, -0.5886, -0.8558 and -0.8268 (p < 0.001) respectively.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Econazole; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Ketoconazole; Miconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Tinea capitis in children is widely reported, whereas there have been only isolated reports on involvement of sites other than the scalp. The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiological features and treatment responses of dermatophytosis of children in Kuwait.. Epidemiological features and the treatment responses of 202 consecutive children with dermatophytosis were studied.. The 202 children constituted 44% of the total dermatophytic infections seen during a period of 1 year. Tinea capitis was the most commonly encountered infection (78%), followed by tinea corporis, tinea faciei, tinea cruris and manus, respectively. Microsporum canis was the most prevalent species (96%) in this region. A history of pets at home could be elicited in 52% of the cases. A familial occurrence of similar infections was seen in 56% of the patients. In patients with tinea capitis, addition of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole to oral griseofulvin produced better therapeutic results compared to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo.. Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophytic infection in children. Thirty percent of the children may have dermatophytosis at sites other than the scalp. A combination of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole with oral griseofulvin is superior to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo in the treatment of tinea capitis.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Child; Child, Preschool; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Family Health; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Ketoconazole; Kuwait; Male; Microsporum; Prospective Studies; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Treatment Outcome; Trichophyton

We conducted a prospective study of 20 patients with pigmenting pityriasis alba (PPA) over a period of two years. Characteristic morphology revealed a central zone of bluish hyperpigmentation surrounded by a hypopigmented, slightly scaly halo of variable width. All patients displayed lesions on the face. Concomitant extrafacial involvement was uncommon. A significant finding was an associated dermatophyte infection in 13 patients (65%). These patients all received griseofulvin 10 mg/kg/day for eight weeks, resulting in the resolution of PPA in seven within 4 to 20 weeks. These were also treated with 1% hydrocortisone. Biopsy specimens from two patients showed similar features, namely, a subacute dermatitis with variable pigment incontinence. Immunohistochemical labeling revealed a preponderance of T lymphocytes. Pigmenting pityriasis alba seems to be a variant of classic pityriasis alba showing a strong association with dermatophyte infection, especially tinea capitis. It may be related to lichenoid melanodermatitis.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatomycoses; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Pigmentation Disorders; Pityriasis; Prospective Studies; Skin

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Dermatomycoses; Drug Eruptions; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Allylamine; Antifungal Agents; Azoles; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Polyenes; Triazoles

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Dermatomycoses; Forearm; Griseofulvin; Hair Diseases; Humans; Male; Microsporum

Kerion celsi is a deep dermatophytic infection of the scalp. The diagnosis is based on the characteristic clinical picture and is verified by examination for the fungus. Treatment consists of griseofulvin in a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day. The present article is a retrospective investigation of 18 patients with kerion celsi who had been treated in the Department of Dermatology in Marselisborg Hospital during the period 1978-1989. Sixteen out of the 18 patients were children. Twelve of the children were boys. A questionnaire investigation revealed that only five out of 18 patients had normal hair growth. We found a connection between the degree of severity of the alopecia and the age of the patient and the extent of the primary affection, respectively, so that low patient age and large primary affection result in a poorer prognosis. On the other hand, we have not found any connection between the latent period from the first appearance of symptoms and relevant treatment and the alopecia. Nor is there any evidence that treatment with systemic steroid is of significance for the prognosis.

Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Retrospective Studies; Scalp Dermatoses

A 12-week-old male domestic shorthair kitten developed ataxia, fever, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia during treatment with griseofulvin for superficial dermatophytosis. The fever and hematologic changes resolved promptly with withdrawal of the drug, but the ataxia continued unchanged. Persistent ataxia may represent a previously unrecognized idiosyncratic reaction to griseofulvin in cats.

Topics: Animals; Ataxia; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Male

This article reports the cases of two patients in whom a widespread dermatophyte infection mimicked the cutaneous lesions of their underlying collagen vascular disease. Griseofulvin may be associated with an increased incidence of adverse cutaneous reactions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. One patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed erythema multiforme after taking griseofulvin.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Eruptions; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Microsporum; Tinea; Trichophyton

The dermatophytic disease is a rare, severe affection caused by banal dermatophytes. A genetically predisposed basis could explain the frequent failure of antifungal therapeutics. We report here the case of a 28-year-old male. Despite 2 years of griseofulvin, 23 months of ketoconazole and 8 months of itraconazole, the therapeutic failure was evident: circinate herpes, papulo-nodules, vegetating plaques, ulceration, superficial and profound adenopathies, cerebral involvement, and deterioration of the general state. The correction of the immuno-deficient state combined with antifungals could be the best therapy.

Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Griseofulvin; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged; Tinea

Topics: Adult; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; Dermatomycoses; Drug Interactions; Ethinyl Estradiol; Ethinyl Estradiol-Norgestrel Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nail Diseases; Norgestrel; Pregnancy

Therapeutic efficacy of external application of 5 percent mebetizol ointment was analyzed in the treatment of 140 patients with microsporosis. The best effect was achieved when such therapy was combined with oral griseofulvin in glabrous skin microsporosis. The effect of treatment of mycosis of the hairy part of the head was less marked. No cases of the therapy intolerance, complications, or recurrences were recorded. Toxic effects of mebetizol on vital organs were not observed. External applications of 5 percent mebetizol ointment permitted cut down of the periods of treatment by 10-15 days, this being a significant economic effect.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Antifungal Agents; Benzothiazoles; Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Ointments; Scalp Dermatoses; Thiazoles

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses; Seasons

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Combinations; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Vitamin E

Topics: Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Griseofulvin; Humans; Levamisole; Male; Microsporum

Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Liver; Microsporum

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Time Factors; Tinea; Vitamin E

Inhibition of fungal growth and accelerated keratolysis are the necessary ingredients of dermatophyte therapy. Often, the primary fungus is destroyed by secondary bacterial invasion or the body's immune response. Clinicians must recognize this possibility and, in such instances, treat the bacterial infection or immune response rather than the suspected dermatophyte.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Foot Dermatoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Microsporum; Tinea; Tinea Pedis

The drugs used in the treatment of superficial mycoses include substances with an indirect affect on the organisms such as the keratolytics as well as antifungal compounds. The antifungals include specific inhibitory compounds such as the polyene or imidazole antibiotics and substances with a wider spectrum of antiseptic activity. High cure rates (80-90%) can be achieved by most specific antifungals although this can be affected by the host response and the location of the infection. The orally active antifungals used in superficial disease, ketoconazole and griseofulvin, can be used in conditions unresponsive or inaccessible to topical therapy, such as chronic superficial candidosis and tinea capitis. However, the treatment of onychomycosis, particularly affecting toe nails, is highly unsatisfactory. There is therefore an important place for new drugs and new methods of applying them in the treatment of superficial (local) mycoses.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Benzoates; Dermatomycoses; Drug Combinations; Etretinate; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Nystatin; Potassium Permanganate; Resorcinols; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Suppositories; Tretinoin; Vagina

Topics: Administration, Oral; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Pityriasis; Tinea

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged

Microsporum nanum is a dermatophyte that can cause disease in both man and animals and is most frequently associated with ringworm infection in pigs. Human infections are rare in the literature. Three new cases of human M. nanum infection are reported here. Two patients had inflammatory tinea faciei and one had tinea cruris. The patients were successfully treated with clotrimazole or miconazole cream, sometimes combined with griseofulvin. All three patients were hog farmers and lived in the same small rural area. Occupational exposure is suggested as the cause of infection.

Topics: Adult; Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Animals; Child; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Miconazole; Microsporum; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Ketoconazole

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Yugoslavia

Topics: Antibody Formation; Dermatomycoses; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Foot Dermatoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Immunity, Innate; Levamisole; Paraffin; Urea; Waxes

The advantages and disadvantages of oral treatment of dermatomycosis is discussed, particularly with regard to griseofulvin and ketoconazole as examples. The advantages versus topical treatment are better efficacy, better compliance, and oral treatment is possibly more economical. Disadvantages are toxicity, development of resistant strains, interaction with other drugs and time- and cost consuming regular supervision of the patients.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

The frequency of dermatophyte infections in hereditary palmo-plantar keratoderma ( HPPK ) of the Unna - Thost variety was investigated in 280 patients admitted to the Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Boden , during 1977-1981, and was found to be 35.0%. The distribution of fungi did not differ from that found for the total number of dermatophytes. An almost complete therapeutical resistance was found especially in Trichophyton rubrum infections, when patients were treated with micronized griseofulvin and topical econazole cream. Treatment of dermatophyte infections in HPPK with 50% propylene glycol in distilled water gave poor results but when 1% econazole nitrate was added negative cultures were found in 86.4% of the patients treated for 3 weeks.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar; Male; Middle Aged; Propylene Glycols

Topics: Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male

Aphanoascus fulvescens was isolated from lesions resembling a dermatophyte infection in a 45-year-old woman who had used steroid cream for several months to treat a dermatosis of the neck. Treatment with griseofulvin and tolnaftate cured the lesions in 6 weeks. The microscopic characteristics of the isolate and its size differed slightly from those described by several other authors, and bore a closer resemblance to isolates previously described from Australia and New Guinea.

Topics: Ascomycota; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Middle Aged; Skin; Tolnaftate

We have reported 5 cases of dermatophytic disease observed in Algiers. We insist on three characteristics of the disease: 1. - the familial predisposition; 2. - the deficiency of the cell-mediated immunity while humoral immunity remains apparently intact with high levels of IgE; 3. - the seriousness of the disease: one of our patients has a cerebral abscess, while another died despite the grisefulin therapy.

Topics: Adult; Algeria; Antibody Formation; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Male; Tinea

Topics: Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Prednisolone; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Ketoconazole is an effective treatment for chronic superficial candidiasis as well as chronic dermatophytosis. In the latter group of infections the best results were obtained in patients with tinea corporis who were not responsive to griseofulvin. It is possible to maintain some patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in remission without using prophylactic ketoconazole, although relapses may occur. However, the responses of patients with Hendersonula and Scytalidium infections as well as those with subcutaneous mycoses, such as eumycetoma, were disappointing. Patients who have an inadequate response to ketoconazole may also have subnormal serum levels of the drug and the value of such estimations in routine management needs further evaluation.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Kinetics; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mitosporic Fungi; Mycoses; Onychomycosis; Piperazines; Tinea

Tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans has become a significant health problem affecting children and adolescents. This infection has several different distinctive clinical patterns which, if not recognized, may result in delayed diagnosis and therapy. This review is designed to emphasize the differences between tinea capitis caused by T tonsurans and that caused by other organisms. Current diagnostic and therapeutic measures are discussed.

Topics: Child; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Mycoses; Nystatin; Pyrrolidinones

The efficacy of ketoconazole was evaluated in twenty patients with chronic dermatophyte infections who had failed to clear with griseofulvin therapy. Trichophyton rubrum was the causative organism in nineteen of the patients, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in one patient. Three of twelve organisms tested showed in vitro resistance to griseofulvin. Duration of infection ranged from 2 to 28 years. Patients received 200 to 400 mg of ketoconazole daily for periods up to 8 months. In addition, patients were followed for 5 months post-therapy to monitor recurrences. Clearing was seen clinically as early as 2 weeks, and by 18 weeks all patients showed marked improvement or clinical clearing, though only six achieved complete mycologic cure. Improvement followed a predictable sequence of sites, with lesions of the trunk healing first, followed by hands, feet, and finally, nails. After 8 months, though all patients showed proximal nail clearing, onychomycosis persisted in thirteen of twenty affected sites. By 5 months post-therapy, four of six patients who had achieved clearing of skin and nails showed recurrences. No significant side effects were observed during therapy, though rare, apparently idiosyncratic cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported. Ketoconazole is an affective therapeutic agent for griseofulvin-resistant dermatophytosis. Apparent cures may subsequently recur after discontinuation of therapy.

Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Piperazines; Recurrence; Trichophyton

Topics: Administration, Oral; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Candidiasis, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Injections, Intravenous; Ketoconazole; Miconazole; Piperazines; Tinea; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged; Piperazines

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; History, 20th Century; Humans

Trichophyton tonsurans is now a major cause of tinea capitis, affecting both children and adults. The characteristic lesions are pruritic, scaling patches with black dots; Wood's light examination is negative. Microsporum canis and Microsporum audouini, formerly the most frequent causes of tinea capitis, predominantly affect children and are Wood's light positive. Lesions caused by M. canis are inflammatory, while those of M. audouini are scaly. All three organisms respond to griseofulvin.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Child; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Light; Microsporum; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Cimetidine; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans

One hundred and six patients with chronic dermatophytosis unresponsive to griseofulvin were studied. Trichophyton rubrum was the causative organism in 93% of cases. Chronic dermatophyte infections caused by organisms other than T. rubrum occurred predominantly, but not exclusively, in patients with underlying diseases. Forty-nine percent of the patients had a personal or family history of atopy but other abnormalities included disorders of keratinization, collagen vascular disease and systemic steroid therapy. The commonest sites of infection were the palms and soles, as opposed to toe webs or groins in control patients with griseofulvin-responsive dermatophyte infections. A significant proportion of chronically infected patients had raised IgE levels. Only 11% of the chronically infected group showed delayed hypersensitivity responses to intradermal trichophytin but 58% showed immediate hypersensitivity responses to trichophytin as well as other fungal and non-fungal allergens.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Tests; Tinea

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Digestive System; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Methods; Microsporum; Risk

A case of infection with Microsporum canis in a German couple which came into contact with cats during holidays in Tunisia is recorded. Atypical clinical features rare localization and the importance of tourism concerning the spread of infections due to Microsporum canis are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Travel; Tunisia

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Middle Aged

The antibiotic griseofulvin has been used for more than two decades in the treatment of dermatophyte-induced mycoses. During the first 10 years of use griseofulvin-resistant dermatophytes were demonstrated only in a few cases. During the seventies we did not find an increase in these strains. During this period of time the total number of dermatophytes studied by us was 489 of which 5 proved resistant, that is 4 strains of Trichophyton rubrum and one strain of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, which were still growing at a concentration of 100 gamma griseofulvin per ml culture medium. We consider these strains to have a secondary resistance and did not observe dermatophytes with a primary resistance. Accordingly, the number of non-responders cannot generally be explained by the presence of resistant dermatophytes, but rather by other reasons which have already been discussed. For the time being the problem of an increasing incidence of griseofulvin-resistant dermatophytes does not exist.

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Epidermophyton; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nail Diseases; Recurrence; Tinea

Topics: Adult; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Nail Diseases; Onychomycosis; Paronychia; Selenium; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Miconazole; Nystatin; Phenyl Ethers; Tolnaftate

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Evaluation; Female; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Infant; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses; Time Factors

Topics: Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Candidiasis, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nystatin; Tinea

The diagnosis and management of dermatophytic fungal infections depends upon a knowledge of the causative organism fungi, the morphological patterns which can be produced and the type, extent and duration of treatment necessary to effect cure.

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Onychomycosis; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Child; Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Female; Focal Infection; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Nasopharyngeal Diseases; Pharyngeal Diseases; Scalp Dermatoses; Tonsillitis

Topics: Aged; Dermatomycoses; Erythrasma; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Thymoma; Thymus Neoplasms; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Amphotericin B; Cautery; Cryosurgery; Curettage; Cytosine; Dermatomycoses; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Imidazoles; Male; Miconazole; Potassium Iodide; Sporotrichosis

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans

A proportion of dermatophyte infections fail to respond to normally adequate courses of griseofulvin and topical antifungal therapy. The organism Trichophyton rubrum was isolated from 96% of 50 patients studied, but no instances of in vitro resistance were seen. Of these patients, 57% had an underlying condition, commonly hay fever/asthma, atopic eczema, collagen disease or ichthyosis. Defective delayed type hypersensitivity responses and leucocyte migration inhibition to the specific antigen, trichophytin, were demonstrated. Immediate type hypersensitivity was seen in 58% and this was partially suppressible with chlorpheniramine and cimetidine. The relationship between these abnormalities and failure of treatment is discussed.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cell Migration Inhibition; Chronic Disease; Collagen Diseases; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Ichthyosis; Immunity, Cellular; Male; Middle Aged; Trichophyton

The most important current research centers on immunobiological questions. It is suggested that the delayed Trichophyton reaction is the immune mechanism which protects patients after a primary dermatophyte infection. Griseofulvin is the treatment of choice today. The questionnaire sent to all practising dermatologists in Germany investigated the frequency of certain possible serious side effects. The new once daily 500 mg griseofulvin tablet will have to be in clinical use for some time yet before its efficacy can be assessed.

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Germany, West; Griseofulvin; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Mutation; Shoes; Tinea; Tinea Pedis; Trichophyton

In light of his experiences especially in tropical regions, the author makes some remarks about dermatophytes and dermatophytia, which they cause. The following main items are: 1. The dermatophytes lead a saprophytic life. 2. Exceptionally, they can invade nonkeratinized tissue and cause "dermatophytic disease", perhaps mycetomas. 3. 45 percent of the ringworm of the scalp heal before puberty. 4. In the tropical regions, trichophytosis caused by endothrix-species are often of inflammatory nature, the favus appears often without scutula formation (afavic). 5. One can heal a substantial percentage of the ringworm of the scalp with a single dosis of 12 tablets (125 mg each) of fine particle griseofulvin. 6. Athlete's foot has also other causes than only dermatophytes.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Arthrodermataceae; Burundi; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Scalp Dermatoses; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis; Tropical Climate

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy, Combination; Griseofulvin; Humans; Prednisone

A 20-year-old woman had erythematous scaly plaques persistent for 15 years on the left cheek. Cultures from scales and biopsy specimens on Sabouraud's glucose agar repeatedly yielded floccose lilac colonies, and those on a Czapek's solution agar plate developed deep purplish red pigment, which is characteristic of Paecilomyces lilacinus. The PAS stain of the tissue section showed ovoid, divergent, or club-shaped fungal elements among the inflammatory cells or in giant cells. Two months after the patient and a control subject were inoculated with the isolates, P lilacinus could be reisolated from the patient only. Oral administration of griseofulvin significantly reduced erythema and papules. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of deep cutaneous mycosis caused by P lilacinus.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mitosporic Fungi; Rabbits; Skin Tests

Topics: Adult; Animals; Benzoates; Child; Dermatomycoses; Dogs; Female; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Salicylates; Tinea; Zoonoses

One-hundred and fifty-five patients suffering from T. Capitis, T. Corporis, T. Cruris and T. Verisicolor participated in studies of topically applied griseofulvin. Various concentrations of the drug were prepared in an ointment form in a new solvent system. Successful results were obtained with the 2% preparation in cases of T. Corporis, T. Cruris and T. Versicolor. Failure of the therapy was observed in cases of T. Capitis. No side-effects occurred in any patient using the 2% preparation. In the opinion of the authors, topically applied griseofulvin in the new solvent system is safe and highly effective in the treatment of superficial dermatomycoses.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Dermatomycoses; Egypt; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Dolphins; Griseofulvin

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Prodigiosin; Pyrogens

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Evaluation; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum

Topics: Adolescent; Barbiturates; Child; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Russia

Topics: Actinomycosis; Amphotericin B; Blastomycosis; Candida albicans; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Chromoblastomycosis; Coccidioidomycosis; Cryptococcosis; Dermatomycoses; Flucytosine; Griseofulvin; Histoplasmosis; Mucormycosis; Mycetoma; Sporotrichosis; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses; Siberia

Mycoses for most of them) represent a group of infectious diseases which seem to increase steadily although numerous fungicidal or fungistatic therapeutics are available. A severe problem is provided by the so-called opportunistic fungi which become parasitic only after the host's immunological protection has been impaired by predisposing factors. Therapy resistance and prevention of relapse are problems of a general nature in the therapy of mycoses. As special topics local treatment of dermatophytoses, of Candida mycoses, and new development in systemic treatment of deep mycoses are discussed.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Clotrimazole; Cryptococcosis; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Flucytosine; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Miconazole; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Child; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluorescence; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Onychomycosis; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis; Tinea Versicolor; Trichophyton

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Disease Reservoirs; Epidermophyton; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Microsporum; Onychomycosis; Tinea; Tolnaftate; Trichophyton

Topics: Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Cells, Cultured; Dermatomycoses; Epidermophyton; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Mycoses; Onychomycosis; Skin; Tinea; Trichophyton

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adult; Clotrimazole; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Mitosporic Fungi; Nails

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Dermatomycoses; Eczema; Female; Germany, West; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Biological Assay; Culture Techniques; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Methods; Pharmaceutical Vehicles; Skin; Skin Absorption; Time Factors; Trichophyton

Topics: Adolescent; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Blood Proteins; Child; Dermatomycoses; Enzymes; Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Polarography; Tinea; Trichophyton; Urocanate Hydratase

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Disease Models, Animal; Griseofulvin; Rodent Diseases

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Intestinal Absorption

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Ointments; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Ascomycota; Cycloheximide; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mitosporic Fungi

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Onychomycosis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Tinea

Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Colic; Dermatomycoses; Diarrhea; Female; Fetal Diseases; Germany, West; Griseofulvin; Headache; Humans; Nausea; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Benzyl Compounds; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Ethers; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Imidazoles; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrates; Ointments; Powders; Tinea

Topics: Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Switzerland

Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ointments

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Benzothiadiazines; Carnivora; Dermatomycoses; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Recurrence; Solutions; Zoonoses

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses; Nystatin; Penicillins; Potassium Iodide; Stilbamidines; Sulfonamides

Topics: Abscess; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Dermatomycoses; Female; Folliculitis; Griseofulvin; Humans; Middle Aged; Otitis Media; Pemphigus; Prednisone; Tinea; Trichophyton; Tympanoplasty

Topics: Animals; Candida; Cryptococcus; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Microsporum; Phialophora; Structure-Activity Relationship; Trichophyton

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Trichophyton

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Macaca; Male; Microsporum; Monkey Diseases; Penicillin G Benzathine

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Feces; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Porphyrias; Porphyrins

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Onychomycosis; Time Factors; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Genetics, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Microsporum; Mutation; Radiation Genetics; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Chlorphenesin; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nystatin; Pyrrolidinones; Undecylenic Acids

Topics: Amphotericin B; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Potassium Iodide; Sporotrichosis

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blood Sedimentation; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Eosinophilia; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Griseofulvin; Headache; Humans; Infant; Leukocytosis; Mycoses; Nausea; Suspensions; Tinea; Tinea Favosa; Vomiting

Topics: Adult; Buttocks; Dermatomycoses; Europe, Eastern; Extremities; Facial Dermatoses; Folliculitis; France; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Portugal; Skin; Spain; Trichophyton

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Physical Fitness

Topics: Agar; Arthrodermataceae; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Europe; Griseofulvin; Humans; Methods; Trichophyton

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Hair Removal; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; USSR

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Family Practice; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adult; Candida; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Military Medicine; Tinea; Trichophyton; Tropical Medicine; Vietnam

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Methods; Military Medicine; Vietnam

Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nystatin; Tinea

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Cats; Chinchilla; Cricetinae; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Griseofulvin; Guinea Pigs; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Mice; Models, Biological; Pyrrolidines; Rabbits; Rats

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ointments

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nystatin

Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Child; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Zoonoses

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Candida; Dermatomycoses; Dosage Forms; Drug Tolerance; Emulsions; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Powders; Skin; Trichophyton

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male

Topics: Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Dermatomycoses; Glucocorticoids; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tinea

Topics: Adult; Aged; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Chronic Disease; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Trichophyton; Urticaria

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Iodine; Nystatin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ointments

Topics: Actinomycosis; Adult; Amphotericin B; Aspergillosis; Blastomycosis; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Child; Cryptococcosis; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Mycetoma; Mycoses; Nails; Nocardia Infections; Nystatin; Skin Diseases; Sporotrichosis; Stilbamidines; Thallium; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin Diseases

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Middle Aged; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Drug Hypersensitivity; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Porphyrins; Skin; Tinea; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ambulatory Care; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Nails

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Onychomycosis; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hair Removal; Humans; Porphyrins; Propiophenones

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tinea

Topics: Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Middle Aged; Porphyrins

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Biomedical Research; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Epidermophyton; Griseofulvin; Humans; Malassezia; Microsporum; Tinea; Tolnaftate; Trichophyton; Undecylenic Acids

Topics: Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Nails; Tinea; Toxicology

Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Therapy; Fungi; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Undecylenic Acids

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Chloramphenicol; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Glucose; Griseofulvin; Humans; Pharmacology; Research; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Pharmacology; Tinea

By inoculating paired tubes of standard Sabouraud dextrose-chloramphenicol-cycloheximide media, one of which contained in addition 20 micrograms/ml of griseofulvin, 86 of 88 griseofulvin-sensitive dermatophytes were recognized in 226 primary isolation cultures. Most yeast, bacteria, and mold contaminants were not selectively inhibited by the media. The method facilitates the selection of patients for oral griseofulvin therapy by those with relatively little training in mycology.

Topics: Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Epidermophyton; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microbiological Techniques; Microsporum; Trichophyton

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Adolescent; Dermatitis; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis; Folliculitis; Griseofulvin; Histology; Humans; Microsporum

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hand Dermatoses; Hospitals, Municipal; Humans; Netherlands; Onychomycosis

Topics: Biometry; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Statistics as Topic; Tinea; Yugoslavia

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Child; Dermatomycoses; Epidemiology; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lebanon; Lepidoptera; Tinea

Topics: Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Dermatomycoses; Foot Diseases; Griseofulvin; Humans; Onychomycosis; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Pharmacology; Sprains and Strains

Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Arthrodermataceae; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Lepidoptera; Rabbits; Research; Tinea

Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Griseofulvin; Histoplasmosis; Microsporum; Mycoses; Sporotrichosis; Tinea; Trichophyton; Zoonoses

Topics: Benzoates; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Nails; Onychomycosis; Salicylic Acid; Thumb; Thymol; Tinea; Tinea Pedis; Trichophyton; Veterinary Medicine

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Humans; Japan; Onychomycosis; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Ascomycota; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Microsporum; Mitosporic Fungi; Pharmacology; Trichophyton

Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hallucinations; Infant; Social Behavior; Tinea; Toxicology

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Onychomycosis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin

Topics: Aminopterin; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Psoriasis; Rubber; Sulfides; Toxicology

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antifungal Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluorescence; Griseofulvin; Microsporum; Photomicrography; Sterilization; Tinea

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Biomedical Research; Candidiasis, Cutaneous; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin; Humans; Naphthalenes; Tinea; Tolnaftate; Toxicology

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin

Topics: Biomedical Research; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Epidermis; Griseofulvin; Pain; Pharmacology; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Onychomycosis; Toxicology

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Onychomycosis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Triazoles

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Angiopathies; Foot Diseases; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nails; Nails, Malformed; Physical Therapy Modalities; Shoes

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatology; Dermatomycoses; Detergents; Griseofulvin; Methenamine; Mycoses; Radiotherapy

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Bandages; Dermatology; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Eczema; Fluocinolone Acetonide; Flurandrenolone; Griseofulvin; Humans; Keratoacanthoma; Occlusive Dressings; Plastics; Polyethylenes; Psoriasis; Steroids; Sunburn; Television; Tinea; Triamcinolone Acetonide

Topics: Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Spectrophotometry; Urine

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lepidoptera; Onychomycosis; Tinea; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses

Topics: Child; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Pediatrics; Scalp; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Penicillins; Toxicology

Topics: Anal Canal; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Eczema; Fungi; Geotrichum; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Animals; Dermatomycoses; Germany; Germany, East; Griseofulvin; Humans; Incidence; Morbidity; Zoonoses

Topics: Administration, Oral; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Skin Tests; Tinea

Topics: Actinomycosis; Antifungal Agents; Blastomycosis; Dermatomycoses; Drug Therapy; Egypt; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses; Nocardia Infections; Onychomycosis; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Favosa; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Adolescent; Copper; Dermatitis; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy; Erythema; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Triamcinolone

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Neoplasms; Recurrence

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Male; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Leadership; Mycoses; Scalp

Topics: Academies and Institutes; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Medicine

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Tinea; Tinea Pedis

Topics: Balanitis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Mycoses; Skin; Tinea

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Lepidoptera; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Finland; Griseofulvin; Microsporum; Soil Microbiology

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nocardia Infections; Paronychia; Tinea Versicolor

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Academies and Institutes; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Medicine; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mucous Membrane; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Comprehensive studies and numerous clinical reports have shown that griseofulvin orally in a dose of 1 gm. daily is an effective treatment for superficial fungous infections of the skin, hair and nails. The drug is not effective against yeast infections (moniliasis), bacterial infections or most of the deep fungous infections. Duration of treatment varies with the site of infection, glabrous skin, crotch and scalp responding within four to five weeks. Infections of palms, soles and nails require a considerably longer time, palms healing more quickly than soles and fingernails more quickly than toenails, which may require up to a year of continuous treatment. Auxiliary measures such as clipping hair, removing infected nail tissue and topical fungicides shorten the duration of treatment. No serious side effects have been reported. Minor discomforts such as headaches and mild rashes occur in some cases. Observations of a series of 49 patients with superficial fungous infections, especially hand, foot and nail infections due to Trichophyton rubrum, confirmed these reports taken from the literature. Attempts to use a reduced dosage schedule did not prove satisfactory.

Topics: Arecaceae; Dermatomycoses; Foot; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nail Diseases; Skin; Wound Healing

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Disease Management; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Dermatomyositis; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Light

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Scalp; Skin Diseases; Tinea; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Dermatomyositis; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Animals; Dermatitis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Skin Diseases

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Nail Diseases; Nails; Skin; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Minnesota

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Data Collection; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Candidiasis; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Tinea; Tinea Favosa

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Nail Diseases; Nails; Onychomycosis; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Griseofulvin, a new orally administered antifungal antibiotic which has proved to be effective for the treatment of a wide variety of superficial fungus infections of man, was used in the treatment of 51 patients with infections of the toenails due to T. rubrum. Thirty-four of the patients were treated with griseofulvin alone and seven were treated with griseofulvin combined with surgical avulsion of all involved toenails. The remaining ten had bilateral infections, and avulsion was done on one foot but not the other before griseofulvin therapy was begun. Of 34 patients who were treated with griseofulvin alone, few had complete cure even after prolonged treatment. Some nails showed improvement for a time, then no further gain; some showed no improvement; some showed resistant wedges of infection which penetrated proximally toward the posterior nail fold.In the instances of surgical avulsion, clinically normal nails regrew during griseofulvin therapy. This simple procedure, with thorough removal of all underlying keratinous debris, apparently did away with foci of possible reinfection. The results of the study indicated that surgical avulsion of the toenails in combination with griseofulvin therapy is an effective and practical method of treating onychomycosis of the toenails due to T. rubrum.

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Foot; Fractures, Bone; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Mycoses; Nail Diseases; Nails; Onychomycosis

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Onychomycosis; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Incidence; Tinea

Topics: Arthrodermataceae; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Skin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Humans

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Skin Diseases

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Fungicides, Industrial; Griseofulvin; Humans; Mycoses; Skin Diseases

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Fungi; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Skin Diseases

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Communication; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Florida; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Administration, Oral; Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin; Mycoses; Tinea

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin

Topics: Dermatomycoses; Griseofulvin