griseofulvin and Alopecia

Tinea capitis (TC) is a dermatophyte infection that occurs mainly in childhood; but it is uncommon in infants. The aim of this study was to review the clinical and mycological profile of TC in infants.. We present a retrospective study; we enrolled all the cases of infant TC over a period of 12 years (1999-2010).. Thirty-five infants (21 boys, 14 girls) with a mean age of 20.16 months were diagnosed with TC among a total number of 881 cases of TC (3.9%). Scalp scaling and alopecia were the most frequent clinical features. Microsporic tinea (21 cases) was the most frequent followed by Trichophytic tinea (9 cases) and inflammatory tinea (5 cases). Direct microscopy of hair was positive in 33 cases (94.2%). Culture positivity was found in 82.8 percent of infants (29 cases). Four species of dermatophytes were isolated; Microsporum canis in 18 cases (62%) followed by Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Trichophyton verrucosum. Twenty-nine infants were treated successfully with griseofulvin.. TC is rare in infants. The diagnosis of TC should be considered if scaling and/or alopecia are present and should be confirmed by mycology testing prior to initiation of treatment.

Topics: Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Retrospective Studies; Tinea Capitis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Alopecia; Balanitis; Candidiasis; Dermatitis, Occupational; Dermatomycoses; Diaper Rash; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Eczema; Erectile Dysfunction; Estrogens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Griseofulvin; Humans; Keloid; Male; Nystatin; Paronychia; Psoriasis; Scabies; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Skin Diseases; Varicose Veins; Vitamins

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Dermatitis; Dermatitis Herpetiformis; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatology; Dermatomycoses; Drug Hypersensitivity; Ear, External; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Nevus; Nevus, Pigmented; Psoriasis; Puerperal Disorders; Skin Neoplasms

Tinea capitis (TC) is a dermatophytosis of the scalp and hair, which occurs less common in children younger than two years of age, and the data of TC in this age group are still unknown.. We aimed to reveal the epidemiological, clinical and mycological characteristics of TC in children under two years old.. We retrospectively analyzed all reported cases of TC in children in their first two years of life from 1991 to 2022, by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu databases.. A total of 47 articles involving 126 cases of pediatric TC were enrolled in this study. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.28:1. The age of the children ranged from ten days old to two years old with a median age of three months. The main clinical manifestations were alopecic patches (40 cases, 31.7%) and scaling (39 cases, 31.0%) on the scalp, and 29 infants (23.0%) appeared kerion. The most common sources of contagion were animals (35 cases, 27.78%) and humans (31 cases, 24.60%). The leading pathogens were Microsporidium canis (64 cases, 50.79%), followed by Trichophyton violaceum (13 cases, 10.32%), T. mentagrophytes complex (12 cases, 9.52%) and T. tonsurans (10 cases, 7.94%). Ninety-five children (75.40%) were treated with systemic antifungal drugs and 22 patients (17.46%) were only treated with topical therapy. Except for 10 patients with unknown final prognosis, all the other cases were cured after treatment. There was one child (0.79%) relapsed after treatment with griseofulvin and one case (0.79%) presented with gastrointestinal symptoms from griseofulvin.. The principal clinical symptoms of TC in children less than two years old were alopecic patches and scaling. The top four pathogens were M. canis, T. violaceum, T. mentagrophytes complex and T. tonsurans. Oral treatment for pediatric TC had achieved good therapeutic effects, and topical therapy can be an alternative choice.

Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Retrospective Studies; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

Tinea capitis is a cutaneous fungal infection common among 3 to 7 year old children but it is rare in the first year of life.. We present a case of a 12-month-old infant with erythematous scalp lesions combined with hair loss. He was suspected of dermatophytosis and mycological analysis of all suspected lesions was performed. Clinical features and culture results confirmed tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis. The infant patient was treated with griseofulvin for 2 months. However, 15 days later at the end of treatment he presented with a single vesicle positive for M. canis. Griseofulvin therapy continued for another month. After 3 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed.. In infant, sometimes tinea capitis is misdiagnosed and underreported because it is similar to other scalp pathologies. Therefore, if erythematous scalp lesions are present, they must be examined from a mycological point of view to inform the differential diagnosis. Once diagnosed, treatment of tinea capitis can pose a dilemma because different factors may influence the choice between equally effective therapies (i.e. safety, age, formulation, cost). This case report suggests that it is important to establish an accurate diagnosis and  treatment for this dermatophytosis to avoid recurrences or therapeutic failures, especially in infants.

Topics: Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Drug Administration Schedule; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Recurrence; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Child; Dermoscopy; Follow-Up Studies; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Tinea Capitis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Child; Griseofulvin; Humans; Hyphae; Male; Microsporum; Prednisone; Staining and Labeling; Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis rarely occurs in renal transplant recipients. We report this living-related renal transplant patient receiving cyclosporine-based therapy who initially presented with severe exfoliation of the scalp with yellowish-white scales and marked hair loss. The lesions extended to the frontal area and both cheeks, resulting in several skin ulcers with perifocal erythematous inflammatory changes, and palpable cervical lymph nodes. A biopsy of a skin lesion revealed fungal infection and culture yielded Microsporum canis. The patient mentioned an outbreak of ringworm in her breeding dogs during this period. After adequate treatment of the patient and her infected animals with griseofulvin and disinfection of the environment, her skin lesions resolved dramatically, with regrowth of hair.

Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Middle Aged; Tinea Capitis

We discuss a patient with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) who developed severe scalp pruritus that was initially attributed to the cicatricial alopecia and ultimately diagnosed as tinea capitis. The rarity of severe pruritus in CCCA should prompt a search for a fungal infection in these patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Child; Child, Preschool; Cicatrix; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Agents; Middle Aged; Naphthalenes; Pruritus; Terbinafine; Tinea Capitis

Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp and hair shaft that mainly affects prepubescent children. Its clinical aspects range from a mild noninflammatory infection resembling seborrheic dermatitis to a highly inflammatory swelling reaction (kerion). We report the cases of 2 children who underwent surgical treatment of their kerions under general anesthesia. One lesion had been incised and the other excised. This inappropriate treatment made conservative treatment after surgery more difficult. We recommend that abscesslike lesions on the scalps of children be carefully investigated by surgeons and dermatologists to determine whether they are the result of a dermatophytic infection in order that the appropriate conservative treatment can be initiated.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Arthrodermataceae; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Medical Errors; Naphthalenes; Terbinafine; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

The aim was to describe the mycological and clinical data in children diagnosed with tinea capitis in a hospital setting in Stockholm. Information concerning demography, symptoms, mycology and treatment were obtained, retrospectively, from medical records of all children up to 15 years of age diagnosed with tinea capitis during two 3-year periods, 1989--1991 and 1999--2001, at the Pediatric Dermatology Unit of the Karolinska Hospital in Stockholm. Between 1989 and 1991, five children were diagnosed with tinea capitis. Between 1999 and 2001, there were 92 children, the vast majority (86%) being of foreign extraction, mostly African (83%). Trichophyton violaceum was the most prevalent pathogen, affecting 68% of the children. Of the anthropophilic infections, 62% were linked to relatives. In 71% of all positive cultures, microscopy was positive. The most common clinical findings were scaling of the scalp (80%), itching (54%) and patches of alopecia (52%). The treatment consisted of the oral antimycotics terbinafine (n = 48) or griseofulvin (n = 49). During the last decade there has been an increase in tinea capitis in Stockholm, most commonly caused by Trichophyton violaceum, corresponding with the increased immigration from Africa. Spread within the family seems to be of importance, and family members are preferably screened in an effort to prevent continued transmission. It is important to bear the diagnosis of tinea capitis in mind, especially as, untreated, some cases can develop permanent alopecia and may also cause further spreading of this infection.

Topics: Adolescent; Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Emigration and Immigration; Family Health; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Naphthalenes; Pruritus; Retrospective Studies; Sweden; Terbinafine; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Child; Ciclopirox; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Pyridones; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Tinea Favosa

Topics: Alopecia; Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Griseofulvin; Humans; Ketoconazole; Male; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Griseofulvin; Tinea; Trichophyton

Kerion celsi is a deep dermatophytic infection of the scalp. The diagnosis is based on the characteristic clinical picture and is verified by examination for the fungus. Treatment consists of griseofulvin in a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day. The present article is a retrospective investigation of 18 patients with kerion celsi who had been treated in the Department of Dermatology in Marselisborg Hospital during the period 1978-1989. Sixteen out of the 18 patients were children. Twelve of the children were boys. A questionnaire investigation revealed that only five out of 18 patients had normal hair growth. We found a connection between the degree of severity of the alopecia and the age of the patient and the extent of the primary affection, respectively, so that low patient age and large primary affection result in a poorer prognosis. On the other hand, we have not found any connection between the latent period from the first appearance of symptoms and relevant treatment and the alopecia. Nor is there any evidence that treatment with systemic steroid is of significance for the prognosis.

Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatomycoses; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Retrospective Studies; Scalp Dermatoses

Topics: Alopecia; Biopsy; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Selenium; Selenium Compounds; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton

Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatitis, Contact; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Griseofulvin; Male; Thyroxine; Tinea

A 12-year-old girl developed a severe inflammatory fungal infection of the scalp caused by Trichophyton verrucosm. The infection resulted in scarring alopecia. The natural history, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment of this infection of the skin are reviewed.

Topics: Alopecia; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Griseofulvin; Humans; Tinea Capitis

Alopecia is a difficult problem for the physician. It is a common reason for specialist referral because of frustration with the complexities of etiology, the impatience of the patient, and often some uneasiness of diagnosis in the mind of the physician. The concern for possible serious underlying causes, and the relative expense required to rule these out also play an important role in the early referral of these cases. The vast majority of these cases do not reflect serious disease and so do not require expensive work-ups. Trhough a systematized approach, they can be easily taken care of by the patient's primary physician. This paper presents a practical approach for the busy physician to deal with this problem quickly and easily in a systematic manner that minimizes the possibility of overlooking serious problems and defines the level of investigation necessary in most cases.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia; Benzodiazepines; Biopsy; Female; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Male; Tetracyclines; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Alopecia; Child, Preschool; Chloramines; Diagnostic Errors; Erythromycin; Griseofulvin; Humans; Male; Tinea Capitis

Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Carnivora; Griseofulvin; Infections; Male; Microsporum

Topics: Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Female; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Male

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alopecia; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fluorescence; Germany, East; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tinea Favosa; Trichophyton

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alopecia; Dermatology; Griseofulvin; Syphilis

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Alopecia; Griseofulvin; Humans; Skin Diseases; Steroids; Syphilis

Topics: Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Biological Phenomena; Griseofulvin; Hair; Humans; Pharmacology; Physiological Phenomena