goserelin and Ureteral-Obstruction

A 72-year-old man presented with pollakiuria and dysuria. His prostate was the size of an apple and hard on digital rectal examination and the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 73 ng/ml (RIA). Ultrasonography revealed bilateral hydronephrosis and the serum creatinine level was 13.2 mg/dl. CT scanning of the abdomen demonstrated swelling of paraaortic lymph nodes. Transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate gave a diagnosis of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Accordingly, the final diagnosis was prostate cancer (cT3N4M1, stage D2). Immediately after bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy, treatment with an LH-RH agonist (goserelin) and flutamide was commenced. Serum creatinine was 6.6 mg/dl at the start of antiandrogen therapy and decreased to 1.8 mg/dl after 27 days. A 125 mg flutamide capsule was administered at 7 a.m., and blood samples were collected 4 hours later on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12, 14, 17, 18 and 27. The OH-flutamide concentration was measured. There was no significant correlation between serum creatinine and the OH-flutamide concentration. After implantation of goserelin (3.6 mg depot), blood samples were obtained at 11 a.m. on days 8, 12, 14, 15 and 25. The serum goserelin level was measured. The serum goserelin level increased to a peak on day 14, as described previously, but the peak value of 9.63 ng/ml was higher than that reported before (mean +/- SD 2.848 +/- 0.199).

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Androgen Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Flutamide; Goserelin; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Ureteral Obstruction

To investigate the effect of upper tract decompression on the prognosis of uraemia secondary to bilateral ureteric obstruction in prostate cancer, with particular reference to the hormone dependency of the tumour.. Prospectively collected data, over the period 1978-1993, were selected from the departmental database and from hospital case code data. Inclusion criteria were: blood urea > or = 15 mM, radiological evidence of bilateral ureteric obstruction, a histological diagnosis of prostate cancer, and the exclusion of out-flow tract obstruction. Of the 820 patients recorded in the departmental database, 27 (3.3%) fulfilled the criteria. Thirty-six patients were identified in total. Statistical analysis was by the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test.. Of the 36 patients with bilateral ureteric obstruction and renal failure, in those in whom androgen depletion had been undertaken after ureteric obstruction (i.e. androgen depletion was a treatment option), the mean survival was 646 days (n = 12, SD = 786). Among these patients upper tract decompression improved survival and reduced the amount of time patients spent in hospital. In those in whom androgen depletion had been carried out before obstruction (i.e. the tumour had escaped from hormonal control), survival was significantly worse (80 days, n = 24, SD = 86.8, P < 0.01). In this group the use of decompression improved survival little. Percutaneous nephrostomy was the commonest means of decompression (nephrostomy, 9; stent, 5; ureteroneocystostomy, 2).. In patients for whom hormonal therapy remains an option, upper tract decompression offers a worthwhile improvement in terms of increased survival and reduced in-patient time. However, if ureteric obstruction is diagnosed after hormone manipulation has been used, upper tract decompression has little effect on survival and should only be used in exceptional circumstances.

Topics: Cyproterone Acetate; Cystostomy; Goserelin; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Length of Stay; Male; Orchiectomy; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Stents; Ureteral Obstruction; Ureterostomy