glycogen and Schistosomiasis

To analyze the effects of Eomecon chinanthe sanguinarine (SAN) on glucogen, enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation of Oncomelania hupensis liver so as to explore the mechanism of SAN against Oncomelania hupensis.. SAN was extracted and purified from the dry powder of Eomecon chionantha. Oncomelania hupensis were immersed in 5 mg/L sanguinarine (50 Oncomelania hupensis per 500 ml solution) or clean water at 25 degrees C for 36 h, the livers were isolated from live snails. Total glucogen content, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) were determined respectively and the data were analyzed by independent t test.. The glucogen content of snail livers in the SAN group and the control group were (12.151 +/- 0.204) and (18.113 +/- 0.163) mg/g respectively, the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05); the MDA levels of the two groups were (5.298 +/- 0.441) and (4.351 +/- 0.197) nmol/mgprot respectively, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05); the activities of ALT, AST, ACP, AKP, SOD in the SAN group were (2.760 +/- 0.076) U/mgprot, (68.723 +/- 2.295) U/mgprot, (407.949 +/-19.868) U/gprot, (191.287 +/- 0.771) U/ gprot and (48.452 +/- 0.193) U/mgprot respectively, the activities of these enzymes in the control group were (1.104 +/- 0.000) U/mgprot, (49.448 +/- 1.626) U/mgprot, (344.475 +/- 30.186) U/gprot, (121.905 +/- 3.127) U/gprot and (38.814 +/- 2.765) U/mgprot respectively, the activities of ALT, AST, ACP, AKP and SOD were significantly increased after immersed in 5 mg/L SAN for 36 h, the differences were significant (All P values < 0.05); yet the difference of POD between the SAN group [(22.170 +/- 0.018) U/mgprot] and the control group [(21.747 +/- 0.264) U/mgprot] was not significant (P > 0.05).. SAN can destroy liver functions of Oncomelania hupensis through decreasing glucogen content and changing activities of some important enzymes in snail liver.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Benzophenanthridines; Enzymes; Glycogen; Humans; Isoquinolines; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Malondialdehyde; Papaveraceae; Plant Extracts; Schistosomiasis; Snails

The glycogen content of male and female Schistosoma mansoni has been measured in flukes from normally fed hosts and those from fasted hosts. In infections from both the mouse and the hamster, a significant reduction in schistosomal glycogen of males is seen hours after food is withdrawn from the host. Reductions in protein content of the schistosomes were only observed in hamster infections fasted at least 72 hr. The livers of infected mice not only decrease in size during fasting, but there is a concomitant reduction in glycogen per unit wet weight. Comparisons of glycogen:protein ratios of mansonian males, females, and host livers indicate that the fasting-induced loss of liver glycogen is also observed in the male schistosome, but not the female. Studies of both S. mansoni and S. haematobium pairs from fed hosts suggest that the ratio of glycogen:protein contents in the male schistosome correlates with the glycogen:protein ratio of the female partner. Measurements of glucose uptake in vitro suggest that greater uptake rates may be observed in flukes perfused from fasted hosts. In S. japonicum from infected mice, a reduction in male glycogen was also detected as early as after a 6-hr fasting period, but changes in the females were not significant. Unmated male S. japonicum also exhibit a reduction in glycogen levels after fasting, but the quantity of worm glycogen present in these males remains higher than comparable mated males. In mice entrained to a regulated pattern of available food, fluctuations in glycogen content of the male schistosomes were observed, but in the female partners fluctuations were of a smaller magnitude.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Glycogen; Host-Parasite Interactions; Male; Mesocricetus; Mice; Proteins; Schistosoma; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma japonicum; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Species Specificity

The ability of the cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni to penetrate the tails of mice was shown to remain constant throughout their lives. However, their capacity to establish themselves and then reach maturity decreased as they aged. The abdominal route of penetration produced consistently higher maturation rates than the tail route. Significantly different maturation rates were obtained by modifying the standard tail infection technique. Evidence is presented that age-related mortality of schistosomula occurs within 24 h of penetration and may be associated with the exhaustion of energy reserves during the penetration of the stratum corneum. The relationship of this age-related mortality to 'mass mortality' is discussed.

Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Glycogen; Liver; Lung; Mice; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Skin

Topics: Animals; Azides; Culture Media; Cyanides; Female; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Lactates; Male; Mice; Niridazole; Oxygen Consumption; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomicides; Time Factors

The effects of the organophosphorous insecticide, Dursban, on aerobic oxidation, glycolysis, glucose utilization and gluconeogenesis in snails tissues were determined. Dursban had a biphasic effect on the aerobic oxidation of succinate, glutamate + malate and TMPD + ascorbate while it had only an inhibitory action on pyruvate oxidation. The compound significantly inhibited glycolysis, glucose utilization and gluconeogenesis when used at high concentrations (ten times higher than its LC50). However, it had a slight effect on thepreviously mentioned process when its concentration was equal to or approximated its LC50. The relationship between the metabolic effect of Dursban and its molluscicidal activity is discussed.

Topics: Animals; Biomphalaria; Bulinus; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Chlorpyrifos; Disease Vectors; Egypt; Gluconeogenesis; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Humans; Insecticides; Molluscacides; Oxygen Consumption; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis

Previous work has shown that the aerobic oxidation of certain intermediates of Krebs cycle by the snail B. alexandrina and B. truncatusis inhibited by TPT. This paper reports data on the effect of TPT on glucose utilization, glycolysis, glycogen content, and glucone ogenesis in snail tissue preparations. The compounds at its LC50 inhibited gluconeogenesis, stimulated glycolysis and markedly reduced the glycogen content and glucose utilization in both snails. However, the effects were more pronounced in B. truncatus than in B. alexandrina. Possible interpretations of these findings are discussed with reference to published arrangements for regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, coupling of electorn transport to ATP synthesis and also to our present knowledge of the chemical and biological specificity of TPT.

Topics: Animals; Biomphalaria; Bulinus; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Egypt; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Humans; Lactates; Molluscacides; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomicides; Terphenyl Compounds

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Chlorine; Ethylenediamines; Female; Glycogen; Indazoles; Lethal Dose 50; Methanol; Mice; Phosphorylases; Pyrazoles; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Schistosomicides; Xanthenes

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Oxidoreductases; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; RNA; Schistosomiasis

Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Female; Glycogen; Larva; Male; Methods; Mice; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis; Sex Factors

Topics: Animals; Anthelmintics; Appetite; Glucosyltransferases; Glycogen; Haplorhini; Imidazoles; Muscles; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Schistosomiasis; Thiazoles

Topics: Asthma; Cell Nucleus; Colitis, Ulcerative; Eosinophils; Eye Injuries; Glycogen; Hepatitis; Humans; Leukemia; Leukocytes; Lung Diseases; Schistosomiasis; Skin Window Technique