glycogen and Pregnancy--Tubal

Is there a molecular link between Wnt signaling in fallopian tube inflammation and ectopic tubal implantation?. Enhanced beta-catenin expression, reduced E-cadherin expression and glycogen accumulation in the tubal epithelia and hyperplasia in tubal arteries were found in ectopic tubal pregnancy, consistent with the effects induced by Wnt signaling and inflammation.. Chronic inflammation caused by infection can alter gene expression in the fallopian tube cells possibly leading to the development of ectopic pregnancy. Knockout mouse models have shown a relationship between Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and predisposition to tubal ectopic pregnancy.. Women with ectopic tubal pregnancy (n = 18) were included in the case group, while women with chronic salpingitis (n = 13) and non-pregnant women undergoing sterilization procedures or salpingectomy for benign uterine disease (n = 10) were set as the controls. This study was performed between January 2012 and November 2012.. The ampullary segments of fallopian tubes were collected from patients. Tissues of tubal pregnancy were separated into implantation sites and non-implantation sites. Beta-catenin and E-cadherin expression were determined using immunohistological and immunofluorescence staining. Glycogen production was measured with periodic acid Schiff by staining. The diameter and wall thickness of tubal arteries were evaluated by histological analysis method.. Immunohistological staining revealed that beta-catenin protein expression was 100% positive in the ectopic pregnant and inflamed tubal tissues, and the staining intensity was significantly higher than in non-pregnant tubal tissues. In contrast, E-cadherin expression was reduced in ectopic pregnant fallopian tubes, possibly as a consequence of increased Wnt signaling. Moreover, glycogen accumulated in the tubal cells, and hyperplasia was observed in the tubal arteries with ectopic pregnancy, which is consistent with the effects induced by Wnt signaling and inflammation. All these changes could create the permissive environment that promotes embryos to ectopically implant into the fallopian tube.. This finding requires a further confirmation about what activates Wnt signaling in ectopic tubal pregnancies. Also, it is generally recognized that Chlamydia infection is associated with ectopic pregnancy, and disturbs tubal epithelia via the Wnt signaling. However, the infection type in the samples used was salpingitis.. A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to ectopic pregnancies may contribute to our knowledge of the pathogenesis of tubal disorders and infertility and to the prevention of tubal ectopic pregnancy.

Topics: Adult; Antigens, CD; Arteries; beta Catenin; Cadherins; Case-Control Studies; Disease Susceptibility; Down-Regulation; Fallopian Tube Diseases; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Hyperplasia; Models, Biological; Mucous Membrane; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Tubal; Up-Regulation; Wnt Signaling Pathway

The tissue from three tubal pregnancies at the site of implantation has been investigated with light and electron microscopy. Large seemingly "decidual" cells were found to be present between the anchoring villi and the tissue of the uterine tubes. These cells are or cytotrophoblastic column origin. Through discontinuities of the syncytiotrophoblast they migrate into the underlying tissue were they grow and synthesize large amounts of glycogen. It is suggested that these cells be named pseudo-decidual cells in order to distinguish them clearly from genuine decidual cells to which they only bear a resemblance on the light microscopical level. The fibrinoid present at the utero-placental interface in ectopic implantation cannot be found in ectopic implantation. From this fact it is deduced that fibrinoid is formed through the action of genuine decidual cells and therefore must be of maternal origin.

Topics: Adult; Decidua; Embryo Implantation; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Organelles; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Tubal; Trophoblasts

Nidatory site of pre-abortive tubal pregnancy, obtained from 41 years old women was studied in both scanning and transmission electron microścopes. The nidatory site was basically composed of anchoring villi, trophoblastic column and shell, fibrinoid layer and marked round cell infiltration. In spite of the histologically normal appearance of the chorionic villi, villous syncytiotrophoblast ultrastructurally showed slight tendency of degeneration, being concurrent with blighted ovum. The trophoblast at the trophoblastic column and shell contained a great amount of glycogen which decreased at the distal part near and in the fibrinoid layer. The degenerating trophoblast were surrounded by massive fibrin bundles and fibrin bundles and fibrin-like deposits. The more the degeneration of the trophoblast proceeded, the more the fibrin deposits accumulated around the trophoblast. The trophoblast which ran over the fibrinoid layer was scarcely observed and if there, it showed marked degenerative appearance. These findings suggest the possible role of fibrinoid layer: protection of maternal tissue from trophoblastic invasion, not the protection of fetus from maternal immunological attack. No direct contact such as tight junction, desmosome and so on between trophoblast and maternal cell was observed in the present study, suggesting the formation of special connection with the allogeneic cell, one of the unique characters of the trophoblast, is expressed only when it is primitive in the early stage of development.

Topics: Adult; Chorionic Villi; Collagen; Embryo Implantation; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Fibrin; Glycogen; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Tubal; Trophoblasts

Qualitative composition of polysaccharides has been studied in 100 chorions of human fetuses, 3.5--12 weeks of embryonic development, 40 of them have been obtained from tubal pregnansies. It has been stated that in villous stroma of the tubal pregnancy at the 4--5th week of gestation, sulphate polysaccharides appear that demonstrates an earlier maturation of villi at this type of pregnancy. It is possible that in the formation of intracellular substance of the villous stroma together with fibroblasts Kastschenko -- Hoffbauer's cells also participate. A characteristic feature for the tubal pregnancy is the appearance of distrophically changed villi beginning from the 4th week of gestation. In plasmodiotrophoblast of such villi the amount of Hale-positive and PAS-positive substances is sharply decreasing, and neutral polysaccharides, chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate and dermatan-sulfate (small amount) are intensively accumulating in the stroma.

Topics: Chondroitin Sulfates; Chorion; Female; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Polysaccharides; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Tubal

Topics: Adult; Fallopian Tubes; Female; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Tubal; RNA

Topics: Endometrium; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Polysaccharides; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Pregnancy, Tubal; Proteins