glycogen and Lymphoma--Non-Hodgkin

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common and aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that may become refractory to available standard therapies, resulting in the need for the development of novel therapeutic targets. Increased metabolic activity of DLBCL tumor cells associated with high expression of glycolysis related proteins, such as glucose transporters and hexokinases, have already been described and indicates a pivotal role for glucose and glycogen metabolism in the malignant progression of the disease. Moreover, several enzymes involved in glycolysis and glycogen metabolism, including hexokinases and glycogen synthase kinase-3, are key molecules in mediating cell survival signaling, indicating that glucose/glycogen metabolism is tightly linked to the cell survival and can potentially be targeted for therapeutic purposes in DLBCL. In this review, we provide a summary of glycogen and glucose metabolism and discuss their significance in the metabolic reprograming that leads to cell survival and proliferation in DLBCL.

Topics: Cell Survival; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

Thirty-nine freeze-dried tissue samples from 17 lymphoid tumors (nine malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas) were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The absorbance ratio A1121/A1020 increased, along with the emergence of an absorbance pulse at 1121 cm-1, with increasing clinicopathological grade of malignant lymphoma. An increasing A1121/A1020 ratio from benign to malignant is evident in literature spectra from several different tissues; however, the present study is the first to comment on this effect and to propose it as an index of the cellular RNA/DNA ratio after subtraction of overlapping absorbances, if present, due to collagen or glycogen. Absorbance attributable to collagen increased with lymphoma grade and was greater in benign inflammatory tumors than in low-grade lymphomas. The A1121/A1020 trend observed here may form the basis of a universal cancer-grading parameter to assist with cancer treatment decisions and may also be useful in the analysis of cellular growth perturbation induced by drugs or other therapies. Our spectral findings may potentially be applied to cell clusters and discrete areas of tumor tissue sections using the FTIR microscope, allowing correlation with morphology and a high degree of spatial resolution.

Topics: Collagen; DNA, Neoplasm; Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Lipids; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Prognosis; RNA, Neoplasm; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Integrating microdensitometry has been used to quantitate changes in 4 cytoplasmic enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase), DNA, RNA and glycogen in developing macrophages from 17 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 19 normal subjects. Cytochemical measurements were made at intervals over 6 days of suspension culture; over 16 000 individual cells were examined in total and the results subjected to analysis of variance. While the levels of enzymes and RNA of both groups showed increases over the period of culture, the levels of alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase in the patients' cells were consistently lower than the corresponding values for the normal cells and glycogen levels were higher, these differences satisfying the pre-determined requirements for statistical significance. It is concluded that (a) maturational changes take place in cytochemical constituents of developing macrophages of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (b) there are disturbances affecting the amounts of the specific enzyme alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase and glycogen (c) these abnormalities may be part of a compromise of host defense mechanisms by the disease, although a pre-existing defect in esterase increasing the susceptibility to malignancy is another possibility, and (d) the methods used may be of value in future investigations of the cause of the disturbances and their correction.

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Aged; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Cells, Cultured; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; NADH Dehydrogenase; Succinate Dehydrogenase

A patient had Sézary syndrome and lymphocytic lymphoma. Cytoplasmic inclusions within the Sézary cells were demonstrated by histochemistry and electron microscopy to be composed of fetal-type glycogen. Results of tests for the presence of virus were negative. It is suggested that the Sézary cell represents a reversion of metabolic systems to more youthful types. Previously reported differences in diastase reactivity of the PAS-positive cytoplasmic inclusions are probably based on whether the glycogen is in fetal or mature configuration.

Topics: Chlorambucil; Cytoplasmic Granules; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Glycogen; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Syndrome; Vincristine

Topics: Glycogen; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Methods; Radiation Effects

Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Catecholamines; Child; Child, Preschool; Dactinomycin; Female; Fibula; Glycogen; Humans; Humerus; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Neuroblastoma; Pelvic Neoplasms; Reticulin; Sarcoma, Ewing; Staining and Labeling; Sternum; Vincristine

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Culture Techniques; Esterases; Glycogen; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lectins; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Aged; Biopsy; Bone Marrow; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Fats; Female; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Inhalation; Kidney Neoplasms; Lymphadenitis; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Methods; Neoplasms; Pancreatic Neoplasms

Topics: Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytosis; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Prognosis

Topics: Adult; Blood Protein Disorders; Child; Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Periodic Acid; Staining and Labeling; Whooping Cough

Topics: Adolescent; Aminosalicylic Acids; Blood Cells; Bone Marrow Cells; Child; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytosis; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Statistics as Topic

Topics: Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Infectious Mononucleosis; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Periodic Acid

Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Microscopy; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Alkylating Agents; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aziridines; Busulfan; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; DNA; DNA, Neoplasm; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Lipids; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Melanoma; Mice; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrogen Mustard Compounds; Pharmacology; Research; RNA; RNA, Neoplasm; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tissue Culture Techniques

Topics: Aminosalicylic Acid; Aminosalicylic Acids; Antibodies; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Cell Biology; Culture Media; Glycogen; Growth; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukocyte Count; Lymphocytes; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Phytohemagglutinins

Topics: Bone and Bones; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Ewing

Topics: Glycogen; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytosis; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin