glycogen and Lung-Neoplasms

Topics: Aged; Carcinoid Tumor; Carcinoma; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gene Deletion; Genes, p16; Glycogen; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Intestine, Small; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Prognosis

Clear-cell tumor of the lung is a rare entity of unknown etiology and histogenesis. This neoplasm typically presents as an asymptomatic, peripheral, sharply rounded mass in the lung, and histologically composed of large cells with a clear cytoplasm rich in glycogen, blended with an abundant network of sinusoid-type vessels. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural procedures lead to diagnosis. We describe a primary pulmonary clear cell "sugar" tumor observed in a 28-year-old woman, and give a review of the literature. Clinical aspects, differential diagnosis, therapy and histogenetic aspects are discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Neoplasm Proteins; Pneumonectomy; Radiography; Treatment Outcome

Clear cell ("sugar") tumour of the lung is a rare neoplasm, generally presenting as a discrete nodule on the chest X-ray. We report a case of clear cell tumour of the lung in a 64-year-old woman. The tumour at presentation was 1 mm in diameter.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fatal Outcome; Female; Glycogen; Hemoptysis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Smoking; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule

Glucose uptake and metabolism are essential for proliferation and survival of cells, and are supposed to be enhanced in actively proliferating cell systems such as embryonic and cancer tissues. Glucose uptake is usually carried out through glucose transporters. In the developing fetal lung, metabolism of glucose is thought to be an important process in cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Active glucose uptake could result in accumulation of glycogen in epithelial cells, and utilization of glycogen could be a critical phenomenon for lung epithelial development. In hamsters, although facilitative glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1) and isoform 4 (GLUT4) are not detected in adult lungs, expression of them is detected with immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses in the developing fetal lungs. In human lung carcinomas, GLUT1 expression is seen in most cases of lung carcinoma, and is seen especially frequently in squamous cell carcinoma. GLUT1 expression in adenocarcinoma of the lung is correlated with reduced cell differentiation, larger tumor size and positive lymph node metastasis. A few cases of lung carcinoma show positive staining for GLUT3 and GLUT4. Thus, expression of some facilitative glucose transporter isoforms is detected in developing fetal epithelium and in lung carcinomas. Overexpression of them could enhance uptake of glucose into these cells, and the increased influx of glucose could be involved in active cell proliferation, which is a common character of the developing lung epithelium and carcinoma.

Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Glycogen; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins

Clear cell tumors of the lower respiratory tract comprise a diverse group of lesions. The prototypical lesion is the benign clear cell tumor or "sugar tumor," a tumor of enigmatic histogenesis, whose name derives from the high glycogen content of the cells. Analogous to the salivary gland lesion of the same name, acinic cell tumors may also occur in the tracheobroncheal tree. The topic of "clear cell carcinoma" is discussed, which in the opinion of the authors does not constitute a distinct tumor entity. A discussion of potential lesion metastatic to the lung with clear cell histology is also presented. Histological details of the various entities are discussed, as well as the significant histochemical, immunohistological, and electron microscopic features; in particular, such findings that are relevant to differential diagnosis are stressed, including the distinction of primary and metastatic lesions.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: alpha-Fetoproteins; Amines; Animals; Bombesin; Bronchi; Calcitonin; Calmodulin; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Esophageal Neoplasms; Glycogen; Growth Hormone; Hormones; Humans; Intestinal Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Parathyroid Hormone; Physalaemin; Placental Lactogen; Precancerous Conditions; Somatostatin; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

A pulmonary blastoma is reported in a 19-year-old black female. The light and electron microscopic characterics are described; they are found to be similar to those of the fetal lung prior to the fourth gestational month. Although the ultrastructural features do not favor any particular theory of histogenesis of this unique tumor, evidence for the commonly held theory that the tumor arises from pluipotential pulmonary blastema seems tenuous. A brief review of the literature disclosed 38 other similar cases. There was a male predominance with an average age of detection at 39 years. Sputum cytology was rarely positive. Among tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter, survival was usually less than 2 years. Metastases were present in approximately half of the cases.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Epithelium; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Infant; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Teratoma

Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Berylliosis; Beryllium; Cell Division; Depression, Chemical; Female; Glycogen; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Lung; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Occupational Diseases; Rats

A clear cell type of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma removed from the lung of a 63-year-old man was studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumor was composed exclusively of Clara cells identified by the presence of secretory granules, an abundance of granular endoplasmic reticulum, a moderate number of mitochondria and prominent Golgi complexes. The tumor cells were tall columnar and had clear cytoplasm due to the presence of large pools of intracytoplasmic glycogen. This feature has not heretofore been described. Ultrastructural features distinguishing this tumor from benign clear cell tumors of the lung and clear cell carcinomas of the kidney are described.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytoplasmic Granules; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged

Lung cancer is considered as one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. Radiotherapy is the main treatment modality applied for locally advanced disease, but remnant surviving cancer tissue results in disease progression in the majority of irradiated lung carcinomas. Metabolic reprogramming is regarded as a cancer hallmark and is associated with resistance to radiation therapy. Here, we explored metabolic alterations possibly related to cancer cell radioresistance.. We compared the expression of metabolism-related enzymes in the parental A549 lung cancer cell line along with two new cell lines derived from A549 cells after recovery from three (A549-IR3) and six (A549-IR6) irradiation doses with 4 Gy. Differential GLUT1 and GYS1 expression on proliferation and radioresistance were also comparatively investigated.. A549-IR cells displayed increased extracellular glucose absorption, and enhanced mRNA and protein levels of the GLUT1 glucose transporter. GLUT1 inhibition with BAY-876, suppressed cell proliferation and the effect was significantly more profound on A549-IR3 cells. Protein levels of molecules associated with aerobic or anaerobic glycolysis, or the phosphate pentose pathway were similar in all three cell lines. However, glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) was upregulated, especially in the A549-IR3 cell line, suggestive of glycogen accumulation in cells surviving post irradiation. GYS1-gene silencing repressed the proliferation capacity of A549, but this increased their radioresistance. The radio-protective effect of the suppression of proliferative activity induced by GYS1 silencing did not protect A549-IR3 cells against further irradiation.. These findings indicate that GYS1 activity is a critical component of the metabolism of lung cancer cells surviving after fractionated radiotherapy. Targeting the glycogen metabolic reprogramming after irradiation may be a valuable approach to pursue eradication of the post-radiotherapy remnant of disease.

Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Glucose; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Glycogen; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Radiation Tolerance

Tumor metastasis is a series of complicated biological events. Hematogenous metastasis mediated by von Willebrand factor (vWF) is critical in tumor metastasis. However, the source of vWF and its role in tumor metastasis are controversial, and the further mechanism involved in mediating tumor metastasis is still unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated that lung adenocarcinoma cells could express vWF de novo and promotes tumor metastasis. Through the analysis of transcriptome sequencing, the metastasis promotion effect of vWF may be related to phosphorylase kinase subunit G1 (PHKG1), a catalytic subtype of phosphorylase kinase (PhK). PHKG1 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients and led to poor prognosis. Further experiments found that lung adenocarcinoma-derived vWF induced the upregulation of PHKG1 through the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote glycogenolysis. Glycogen was funneled into glycolysis, leading to increased metastasis. Tumor metastasis assayed in vitro and in vivo showed that knockdown of PHKG1 or synergistic injection of phosphorylase inhibition based on the overexpression of vWF could inhibit metastasis. In summary, our research proved that lung adenocarcinoma-derived vWF may mediate tumor metastasis by regulating PHKG1 to promote glycogen metabolism and suggested potential targets for inhibition of lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Glycogen; Glycogenolysis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylase Kinase; von Willebrand Factor

Glycogen-Interacting Protein 1 (GNIP1), an E3 ligase, is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins. Current studies on GNIP1 mainly focus on glycogen metabolism. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of GNIP1 in regulating autophagy still remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of GNIP1 in regulating autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).. Crystal violet staining assays were used to evaluate the ability of cell growth and proliferation. Transwell and scratch wound healing assays were used to evaluate the cell migration ability. The protein expressions were measured by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Co-immunoprecipitation assays determined the protein-protein interactions. The in vivo effect of GNIP1 on tumor growth was determined by xenograft assay.. We found that GNIP1 was overexpressed in tumor tissues and the expression level of GNIP1 was related to the poor prognosis and the survival time of NSCLC patients. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), GNIP1 increased proliferation and migration of cancer cells by promoting autophagy. Mechanistic studies indicated that GNIP1, as a scaffold protein, recruited BECN1 and LC3B to promote the formation of autophagosomes. Besides, GNIP1 mediated the degradation of 14-3-3ζ, the negative regulator of VPS34 complex, thus promoting autophagy. Overexpressing GNIP1 promoted tumorigenesis and enhanced autophagy in xenograft models.. GNIP1 promotes proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells through mediating autophagy, which provides theoretical basis for targeting GNIP1 as anti-cancer drugs. Video Abstract.

Topics: 14-3-3 Proteins; Autophagy; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Tripartite Motif Proteins; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

Nuclear glycogen was first documented in the early 1940s, but its role in cellular physiology remained elusive. In this study, we utilized pure nuclei preparations and stable isotope tracers to define the origin and metabolic fate of nuclear glycogen. Herein, we describe a key function for nuclear glycogen in epigenetic regulation through compartmentalized pyruvate production and histone acetylation. This pathway is altered in human non-small cell lung cancers, as surgical specimens accumulate glycogen in the nucleus. We demonstrate that the decreased abundance of malin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, impaired nuclear glycogenolysis by preventing the nuclear translocation of glycogen phosphorylase and causing nuclear glycogen accumulation. Re-introduction of malin in lung cancer cells restored nuclear glycogenolysis, increased histone acetylation, and decreased growth of cancer cells transplanted into mice. This study uncovers a previously unknown role for glycogen metabolism in the nucleus and elucidates another mechanism by which cellular metabolites control epigenetic regulation.

Topics: A549 Cells; Acetylation; Animals; Carbon; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Nucleus; Glycogen; Glycogen Phosphorylase; Glycogenolysis; HEK293 Cells; Histones; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Nude; Transfection; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

Radiation therapy is a standard form of treating non-small cell lung cancer, however, local recurrence is a major issue with this type of treatment. A better understanding of the metabolic response to radiation therapy may provide insight into improved approaches for local tumour control. Cyclic hypoxia is a well-established determinant that influences radiation response, though its impact on other metabolic pathways that control radiosensitivity remains unclear.. We report that xenografted NSCLC tumours demonstrate rapid and stable metabolic changes, following exposure to 15 Gy radiation doses, which can be measured by RS and are dictated by the extent of local tissue oxygenation. In particular, fluctuations in tissue glycogen content were observed as early as 2 h and as late as 10 days post irradiation. Metabolically, this signature was correlated to the extent of tumour regression. Immunofluorescence staining for γ-H2AX, pimonidazole and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) correlated with RS-identified metabolic changes in hypoxia and reoxygenation following radiation exposure.. Our results indicate that RS can identify sequential changes in hypoxia and tumour reoxygenation in NSCLC, that play crucial roles in radiosensitivity.

Topics: Animals; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carbonic Anhydrase IX; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glycogen; Histones; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nitroimidazoles; Radiation Dosage; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Treatment Outcome

The combination of FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies allowed the biochemical profiling of lungs in the early stage of pulmonary metastasis in the murine model of breast cancer. Histological staining was used as a reference. Raman spectroscopy was especially useful in the detection and semi-quantitative analysis of the vitamin A content in lung lipofibroblasts, whereas the IR technique provided semi-quantitative information on the contents of nucleic acids, carbohydrates including glycogen, and lipids as well as changes in the secondary structures of tissue proteins. Our spectroscopic results suggest that the early phase of metastasis in the lung is characterized by a decrease in the endogenous retinoid content in combination with a decrease in the content of glycogen and lipids.

Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Glycogen; Lipids; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Retinoids; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Spectrum Analysis, Raman

Delivering isotopic tracers for metabolic studies in rodents without overt stress is challenging. Current methods achieve low label enrichment in proteins and lipids. Here, we report noninvasive introduction of

Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Line, Tumor; Citric Acid Cycle; Female; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Heterografts; Humans; Liver; Lung Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Pentose Phosphate Pathway

External beam radiation therapy is a standard form of treatment for numerous cancers. Despite this, there are no approved methods to account for patient specific radiation sensitivity. In this report, Raman spectroscopy (RS) was used to identify radiation-induced biochemical changes in human non-small cell lung cancer xenografts. Chemometric analysis revealed unique radiation-related Raman signatures that were specific to nucleic acid, lipid, protein and carbohydrate spectral features. Among these changes was a dramatic shift in the accumulation of glycogen spectral bands for doses of 5 or 15 Gy when compared to unirradiated tumours. When spatial mapping was applied in this analysis there was considerable variability as we found substantial intra- and inter-tumour heterogeneity in the distribution of glycogen and other RS spectral features. Collectively, these data provide unique insight into the biochemical response of tumours, irradiated in vivo, and demonstrate the utility of RS for detecting distinct radiobiological responses in human tumour xenografts.

Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Metabolomics; Organ Specificity; Principal Component Analysis; Radiation Tolerance; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Topics: Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Nucleus; Cough; Cytoplasmic Granules; Endosonography; Erythrocytes; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratin-5; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Mediastinum; Middle Aged

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. The survival rate of patients with metastatic disease remains very dismal. Nevertheless, metastasis is a complex process and a single-level analysis is not likely to identify its key biological determinants. In this study, we used a systems biology approach to identify common metastatic pathways that are jointly supported by both mRNA and protein expression data in two distinct human metastatic OS models.. mRNA expression microarray and N-linked glycoproteomic analyses were performed on two commonly used isogenic pairs of human metastatic OS cell lines, namely HOS/143B and SaOS-2/LM7. Pathway analysis of the differentially regulated genes and glycoproteins separately revealed pathways associated to metastasis including cell cycle regulation, immune response, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition. However, no common significant pathway was found at both genomic and proteomic levels between the two metastatic models, suggesting a very different biological nature of the cell lines. To address this issue, we used a topological significance analysis based on a "shortest-path" algorithm to identify topological nodes, which uncovered additional biological information with respect to the genomic and glycoproteomic profiles but remained hidden from the direct analyses. Pathway analysis of the significant topological nodes revealed a striking concordance between the models and identified significant common pathways, including "Cytoskeleton remodeling/TGF/WNT", "Cytoskeleton remodeling/Cytoskeleton remodeling", and "Cell adhesion/Chemokines and adhesion". Of these, the "Cytoskeleton remodeling/TGF/WNT" was the top ranked common pathway from the topological analysis of the genomic and proteomic profiles in the two metastatic models. The up-regulation of proteins in the "Cytoskeleton remodeling/TGF/WNT" pathway in the SaOS-2/LM7 and HOS/143B models was further validated using an orthogonal Reverse Phase Protein Array platform.. In this study, we used a systems biology approach by integrating genomic and proteomic data to identify key and common metastatic mechanisms in OS. The use of the topological analysis revealed hidden biological pathways that are known to play critical roles in metastasis. Wnt signaling has been previously implicated in OS and other tumors, and inhibitors of Wnt signaling pathways are available for clinical testing. Further characterization of this common pathway and other topological pathways identified from this study may lead to a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metastatic OS.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytoskeleton; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glycogen; Glycoproteins; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Neoplasm Metastasis; Osteosarcoma; Proteomics; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Systems Biology; Transcriptome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wheat Germ Agglutinins; Wnt Proteins

In the present study, we have assessed the chemopreventive effect of capsaicin (CAP) on glucose metabolism with reference to blood glucose and liver glycogen levels, key glycolytic, and gluconeogenic enzymes along with electron transport chain (ETC) complexes during benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung cancer in Swiss albino mice. B(a)P (50 mg kg(-1) body weight)-induced lung cancer animals showed marked decline in blood glucose levels, glycogen levels, elevations in the activities of key glycolytic enzymes (hexokinase, phosphoglucoisomerase and aldolase), and gluconeogenic enzymes (glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-6-phosphatase) together with a decrease in the activities of ETC complexes. Supplementation of CAP (10 mg kg(-1) body weight) inhibited all the above alterations during lung cancer and restored near normalcy. Histochemical analysis by periodic acid Schiff's staining further confirmed the biochemical findings that highlighted the chemopreventive action of CAP during B(a)P-induced experimental lung tumourigenesis.

Topics: Animals; Antipruritics; Benzo(a)pyrene; Blood Glucose; Capsaicin; Fructose-Bisphosphatase; Glycogen; Liver; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases

PEComa (clear cell "sugar" tumor) of the lung is a rare benign tumor of the lung probably arising from the perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). We report a case of pulmonary PEComa arising from the periphery of the right lobe of a 64-year-old male. To our knowledge, this is the second case in the English literature diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. In this case report, the clinical, cytologic and immunohistochemical features clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung are discussed and compared with the previously published literature. The differential diagnosis and methods for distinguishing the various clear cells lesions in the lung are discussed.

Topics: Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Epithelioid Cells; Glycogen; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue

A case of the "sugar" clear cell tumor of the lung in a 16-year-old boy is presented. The course of the disease with general symptoms, never reported before, highlights diagnostic difficulties of an extremely rare lung tumor in youth. The boy presented with daily spikes of unexplained high fever of 6 weeks' duration with features of hypochromic microcytic anemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, alpha(2)- and beta-globulins, and elevated platelet count. The lung tumor was a yellow, circumscribed mass confined to the sixth segment of the left lung. Histological examination revealed the tumor composed of cells with clear cytoplasm with large content of glycogen, with no signs of necrosis, and immunoreactive for HMB-45, but not for cytokeratin, LCA, CD34, and CD68. The performed thoracotomy and segmentectomy were both diagnostic and curative.

Topics: Adolescent; Antigens, Neoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Neoplasm Proteins; Radiography, Thoracic; Rare Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We report a case of clear cell "sugar" tumour of the lung (CCTL) occurring in a 26-year-old lady. The patient was asymptomatic and the lesion was picked up in the course of a pre-employment medical examination. A well-defined 5 cm nodule in the right lower lobe was detected on routine chest X-Ray. Microscopical examination of the coin lesion showed clear cells containing abundant diastase-sensitive intracytoplasmic glycogen, as demohstrated with periodic acid-Schiff stains. Tumour immunoreactivity for HMB-45 and non-reactivity for cytokeratin support the histological diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of CCTL in Malaysia.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Neoplasm Proteins; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Radiography, Thoracic; Treatment Outcome

Clear cell tumors of the lung are commonly primary, clear-cell, bronchial carcinomas or metastasis of a renal cell carcinoma. Compared to this, pulmonary sugar tumor is a rare entity. A large intracellular content of glycogen and immunohistochemical procedures lead to diagnosis. The demonstration of the premelanosomal protein HMB-45 is considered as proof, but this is not airtight. We present a case of metachronic, benign, and HMB-45-negative sugar tumor of the lung after hypernephroma and give a review of the literature.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Nephrectomy; Pneumonectomy; Postoperative Complications; Thoracoscopy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF 1R) mediates the acute metabolic effects of IGF I as well as IGF I-stimulated cell proliferation and protection from apoptosis. IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) can modulate these responses. We, therefore, investigated whether intrinsic IGFBPs interfere with IGF I-induced regulation of IGF 1R expression and with the biological response to IGF I in two human tumor cell lines, the non-small-cell lung cancer cell line A549 and the osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2/B-10. We compared the growth rates, IGFBP production, IGF I binding characteristics, IGF 1R protein and mRNA levels, and the acute IGF I response (stimulation of glycogen synthesis) after pretreatment of the cells in serum-free medium with or without added IGF I or medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS). In contrast to A549 cells, which produce IGF I and significant amounts of IGFBPs, survival and proliferation of Saos-2/B-10 cells, which do not produce IGF I or significant amounts of IGFBPs, depended on the addition of exogenous IGF I. IGF I increased the concentration of IGFBP-2 and -3 and decreased the concentration of IGFBP-4 in the medium of A549 cells. As compared to FCS, IGF I pretreatment in both cell lines decreased the number of specific IGF I binding sites, down-regulated total and membrane IGF 1R protein, and largely reduced or abolished the acute IGF I response without affecting IGF 1R mRNA levels. The data suggest that the IGF 1R protein of the two cell lines is translationally and/or posttranslationally down-regulated by its ligand in the presence and in the absence of locally produced IGFBPs and that the cell lines have retained this negative feedback to counteract IGF I stimulation.

Topics: Apoptosis; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Blood Proteins; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Division; Culture Media, Conditioned; Down-Regulation; Feedback; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glucose; Glycogen; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lung Neoplasms; Osteosarcoma; Protein Biosynthesis; Radioligand Assay; Receptor, IGF Type 1; RNA, Messenger; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Clear cell tumour or "sugar tumour" of the lung is a rare primary neoplasm with unique histologic and electron microscopic features that may resemble those of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. An immunohistochemical studies are useful in a differential diagnosis these tumours: HMB45 in combination with a panel of various antibodies. The authors present a benign clear cell tumour of the lung, diagnosed on the base of its morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Neoplasm Proteins

We have analyzed very small amounts of human lung cancerous tissues directly by a Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FT-IR-MC). The corrected peak heights (H1045 and H1467) obtained from the bands at 1045 and 1467 cm(-1) due to glycogen and cholesterol were chosen for a quantitative evaluation of the malignancy. We found that the H1045/H1467 ratio is an exceptionally useful factor for discrimination of the cancerous tissues from the noncancerous tissues. If the H1045/H1467 ratio from the measured spectrum is larger than 1.4, we can say with confidence that the tissue contains squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma at least partially. Furthermore, we carried out the microscopic mapping of the tissues containing both cancerous and noncancerous sections, demonstrating that the color map reflects small changes in the spatial distribution of cancer cells in the tissues. The present method may also be applicable to analysis of other cancers, such as colorectal cancerous tissues in which glycogen level has a critical factor for their malignancy. In addition, since FT-IR-MC costs relatively little and does not require a special operator training for collecting and analyzing the spectra, it seems to be perhaps the apparatus best suited to clinical usage, especially in rather small hospitals.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cholesterol; Glycogen; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Microscopy; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Ewing's sarcoma shows a strong tendency to metastasize to the lungs or the skeleton, or both. A peculiar feature of the secondary involvement of bone with this tumor is that it may also appear in the absence of clinically evident lung metastases, both at clinical presentation and during the course of the disease. Although osseous metastases are critically relevant for prognosis, the pathogenesis of this peculiar feature of Ewing's sarcoma is poorly understood, partly due to the lack of appropriate experimental in vivo models. We show that the intravenous injection of TC-71 Ewing's sarcoma cells into athymic 4-5-week-old Crl/nu/nu (CD1) BR mice reproducibly colonizes specific sites of the skeleton in addition to the lungs and lymph nodes. The distribution and the morphologic appearance of these experimental bone metastases mimic the pattern of skeletal involvement observed in humans. This experimental model of bone metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma may be the basis for future studies aimed at understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of Ewing's sarcoma.

Topics: 12E7 Antigen; Animals; Antigens, CD; Bone Neoplasms; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glycogen; Integrins; Lung Neoplasms; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Metastasis; Receptors, Growth Factor; Sarcoma, Ewing; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; Tumor Cells, Cultured

An autopsy case of a malignant pericardial mesothelioma in a 27-year-old man with no history of exposure to asbestos is reported. He was admitted for heart failure due to pericardial effusion of unknown origin and surgically drained, but later died. The diagnosis of a malignant pericardial mesothelioma was made on the basis of histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings. The tumor was located on the pericardium, but autopsy revealed that it had spread extensively in the mediastinum and the lungs. Microscopically, the tumor cells were epithelial like and contained histochemically demonstrable glycogen and hyaluronic acid. Immunohistochemical studies of the tumor demonstrated positive immunoreactivity for cytokeratin 19, muscle actin HHF35, epithelial membrane antigen, CA125, p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 whereas the tumor was negative for cytokeratins 10 and 17, carcinoembryonic antigen, vimentin, epithelial antigen BerEP4, S-100, c-erbB2 and bcl-2. A high MIB-1 labeling index was noted. Under the electron microscope the tumor cells exhibited long, thin villi. The operation and autopsy findings thus revealed this to be a very rare case of malignant pericardial mesothelioma in a young man.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Desmosomes; Fatal Outcome; Glycogen; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lung Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mediastinal Neoplasms; Mesothelioma; Microscopy, Electron; Microvilli; Pericardial Effusion; Pericardium; Radiography, Thoracic; Tight Junctions

After identifying a metastatic glycogen-rich balloon cell malignant melanoma, originally thought to be a benign clear cell tumor of the lung, we investigated the extent of positive reactions, or "positivity," of malignant melanoma to periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining.. Frequency, intensity, and distribution of PAS positivity was studied in 61 excisional biopsy specimens from 58 patients with malignant melanoma. For comparison, 17 benign nevi from 10 patients were examined.. Positivity for PAS was seen in all cases. All malignant melanomas and benign nevi were characterized by weak, diffuse, diastase-resistant PAS positivity. Additionally, focal or diffuse, strong diastase-sensitive PAS positivity was observed in 9 of 61 melanomas (15%); 7 were metastatic and 2 were primary invasive melanomas. Strong diastase-sensitive PAS positivity was seen in all lesions with 30% or more balloon cell features and only in advanced primary or metastatic lesions. The presence of glycogen was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.. Cutaneous malignant melanomas have weak, diastase-resistant PAS positivity. Strong diastase-sensitive PAS positivity, consistent with the presence of intracytoplasmic glycogen, is seen in many primary and metastatic melanomas with balloon cell features. Depending on the content of the balloon cells, these melanomas are best categorized as either glycogen-rich malignant melanomas or glycogen-rich balloon cell malignant melanomas. Because many tumors with clear cell features contain glycogen, such content often is an unreliable differential feature.

Topics: Biopsy; Biopsy, Needle; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction

The authors report a case of a 25 years old woman in whom a coin lesion was fortuitously discovered. Initial investigations were negative and an exploratory thoracotomy was performed which enabled a benign clear cell tumour of the lung to be found (sugar tumour). This rare benign tumour whose cellular origin remains indeterminate is in general discovered in a fortuitous manner after a chest x-ray has been performed showing a round peripheral opacity. The diagnosis is confirmed following the excision of the tumour, complementary examinations are not helpful.

Topics: Adult; Biopsy, Needle; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule; Thoracotomy

Glycogen levels in the tissue samples obtained from carcinomas and normal sections of human lungs (26 patients) were studied by measuring the infrared band intensity at 1045 cm(-1) due to glycogen. As an internal standard peak, the band at 1545 cm(-1) (amide II) was chosen, and the ratios of these band areas (A1045/A1545) were compared with histological classification and differentiation of tumors. The glycogen level in the carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal tissues (P < 0.01, n = 26). Further, the ratio of amounts of glycogen in the carcinomas and in the normal tissues for adenocarcinoma was higher than that for squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.01). The increased degree of differentiation of the squamous cell carcinomas appeared to be correlated with an increase in the glycogen level. These results suggest that comparison of glycogen levels in the tumor and normal section of human lung may be used as a differentiating parameter for abnormality and histological classification of tumors. The present Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) method may become of wide application for studying various tissue samples.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Spectrophotometry, Infrared

We report a comparative study of 3 clear cell tumors of the lung (CCTL) and 3 angiomyolipomas (AML) of the kidney. Morphological analysis shows that the cells of CCTL are identical to the perivascular epithelioid component of AML. Phenotypically they both consistently expressed melanoma-associated antigens recognized by Moabs HMB45 and HMSA-1, while they were negative for HMSA-5. A minority of cells also expressed S-100 protein, vimentin and actin. In addition, one case of CCTL showed mature adipose tissue entrapped in the proliferation, thus suggesting an intermediate form between CCTL and AML. Based on morphological and phenotypical similarities, it is suggested that CCTL and AML belong to the same family of lesions, characterized by the presence of a peculiar muscle cell, expressing different melanoma-associated antigens.

Topics: Adult; Angiomyolipoma; Blood Vessels; Epithelioid Cells; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged

The development of hepatocellular tumors was investigated with histological, histochemical, and morphometrical methods in male Sprague-Dawley rats continuously administered N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) or N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) in the drinking water at low doses (0.5 mg DEN/100 ml; 1 mg NNM/100 ml). Groups of control, DEN-, and NNM-treated rats were investigated at 5-week intervals. Similar results were obtained in DEN- and NNM-treated rats. Two types of areas composed of basophilic or glycogenotic hepatocytes were observed preceding the appearance of hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas. Besides their cytologic differences, the basophilic and glycogenotic areas induced displayed distinct histochemical features. Both types of areas were detected simultaneously and increased in parallel with time to a similar incidence, but basophilic areas reached larger sizes than the glycogenotic ones. Furthermore, each type of area, which clustered around and along efferent veins, was differently linked to tumorigenesis. Basophilic areas frequently developed into basophilic adenomas and trabecular carcinomas through a characteristic sequence. Early basophilic areas consisted of hepatocytes with lamellar cytoplasmic hyperbasophilia and exhibited the normal laminar liver structure. With time, an increasing number of basophilic areas also contained hepatocytes with powdered diffuse hyperbasophilia, which frequently were arranged in thick trabeculae, showed abundant mitotic figures, and invaded efferent veins. Neither such signs of malignancy nor conversion into basophilic areas or tumors could be established for areas of clear and acidophilic glycogenotic hepatocytes. However, a few small glycogenotic adenomas probably developed from glycogenotic areas. Our data thus underline the central role of basophilic areas for hepatocarcinogenesis. Moreover, taking into account the data from other experiments, it seems likely that although glycogenotic areas may be associated with the application of some carcinogens at high doses, they are not obligatory precursors of hepatocellular tumors.

Topics: Adenoma; Administration, Oral; Animals; Carcinogens; Diethylnitrosamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Esophageal Neoplasms; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Incidence; Liver; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Nitrosamines; Papilloma; Rats

We studied eight clear cell tumors of the lung (CCTL) to better define their clinical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features, and to clarify their distinction from other neoplasms, particularly metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Patients ranged in age from 31 to 67 years (mean, 51 years). Seven patients had clinically benign, asymptomatic lesions measuring less than 2 cm in diameter that were devoid of necrosis. The eighth patient had a symptomatic, partially necrotic CCTL 4.5 cm in diameter that metastasized to the liver and peritoneum; the patient died of tumor 17 years after diagnosis. Ultrastructural study of seven CCTL showed interdigitating cell processes (all cases), primitive cell junctions (five of seven cases), intracytoplasmic glycogen (all cases), and rare dense core granules (two of seven cases). Immunohistochemically, paraffin-embedded sections from all eight CCTL were negative for cytokeratin (CK), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), chromogranin, and vimentin. Focal staining was seen for S-100 protein (three of eight cases), neuron-specific enolase (three cases), synaptophysin (one case), and Leu 7 (one case). Although these findings suggest that at least some CCTL exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation, the tumor's histogenesis remains uncertain. Of more practical importance, the combined absence of CK, EMA, and vimentin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded CCTL virtually precludes confusion with renal cell carcinoma. Although traditionally considered benign, CCTL larger than 2 cm that are symptomatic, and focally necrotic should be regarded as potentially malignant neoplasms.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Antigens, Differentiation; CD57 Antigens; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Membrane Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Organelles; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; S100 Proteins; Synaptophysin

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms

An autopsy case of glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma (GRCCC) which arose in the right breast of a 72-year-old woman is reported. Light microscopic examination of the small finger-tip-sized tumor revealed solid alveolar proliferation of clear cells containing abundant glycogen. Immunohistochemically, most of the clear tumor cells were stained for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and alpha-lactalbumin, whereas a few eosinophilic tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, EMA and actin. Electron microscopically, aggregates of glycogen particles, numerous empty glycogen lakes, microvilli, tight junctions and basal lamina were identified. Autopsy disclosed marked metastases to the liver, lung, adrenal, skin and lymph nodes. Primary breast cancer was confirmed by exclusion of a primary at any other site. It is suggested that although rare, GRCCC of the breast is as aggressive as usual invasive ductal carcinoma, and is associated with severe nodal and blood-borne metastases, followed by death.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Terminology as Topic

The paper discusses the results of microspectrophotometric assay of DNA and free glycogen levels in the cells of 32 epidermoid tumors of the lung showing different degree of cell differentiation. Increased degree of tumor anaplasia was matched by a rise in DNA accumulation index and polyploidy in nuclei offset by a decrease in the glycogen level in tumor cell cytoplasm. It is suggested that DNA and free glycogen assays may contribute to the diagnostic assessment of cell differentiation involved in lung cancer.

Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; DNA, Neoplasm; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Spectrophotometry

A case of a benign clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung is reported. Light microscopy showed a uniform proliferation of clear cells filled with abundant glycogen. At the ultrastructural level, tumor cells were rich in free monogranular and rosette-forming glycogen, but no membrane-bound glycogen was demonstrated. Some cells showed plasma membrane interdigitations, microvilli, and macula occludens-type junctions. Many polymorphic secretory and sporadic haloed neurosecretory-like granules were observed, but argyrophil stains as well as a large set of immunohistochemical reactions specific for APUD derivation had negative results. A literature review of this puzzling entity with particular emphasis on the histogenetic hypotheses is presented, and a derivation from epithelial nonciliated bronchiolar (Clara) cells or epithelial serous cells is suggested.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intercellular Junctions; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microvilli; Middle Aged

The paper describes electron microscopic results of examination of clear-cell pulmonary carcinoma in a man of 64. The presence of large amounts of glycogen in the tumor cells is typical for this malignancy and, according to the literature, is a diagnostic sign of clear-cell pulmonary carcinoma. The similarity between the ultrastructural characteristics of clear-cell pulmonary carcinoma and Clark cells suggests their possible genetic relationship.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged

Seven malignant peripheral lung tumors that were diagnosed using light microscopy as large-cell carcinomas or as epidermoid or adenocarcinomas were studied by light and electron microscopic histochemistry. All tumors contained numerous dense-core granules. The cells were joined by desmosomes and contained well-developed tonofilament bundles. Serotonin was demonstrated in six of seven tumors and argyrophilic granules were demonstrated in five of six tumors tested. Four tumors produced mucus. All tumors extended to the visceral pleura and two invaded the chest wall. The existence of lung tumors that contain serotonin and bear argyrophilic putative endocrine granules, but that do not have a light-microscopic histology characteristic of either carcinoid or oat-cell carcinomas, is confirmed. The presumptive endocrine nature of such tumors usually passes unrecognized because they lack criteria to allow diagnosis by routine methods.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Glycogen; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes; Serotonin

The highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical method was used to demonstrate the presence of the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) within paraffin sections of human lung tumors of diverse histologic patterns. Of the 61 tumors studied, 51 (84%) displayed HCG-like immunoreactivity. This is a much higher incidence than was expected considering studies by other investigators in which serum samples from patients with lung cancer were assayed for HCG. Our results are, however, consistent with data from studies by other investigators in which tumor extracts were assayed for HCG. In addition, it was found that HCG production was often linked with glycogen storage within tumor cells. This may explain the association of HCG production with large-cell carcinomas of the lung, because these tumors often contain copious quantities of glycogen.

Topics: Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glycogen; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Lung Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies

Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Lipids; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Lung Neoplasms; Neutrophils; Oxidoreductases; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis

A malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) arising in the lungs of a 51-year-old man was studied by light and electron microscopy. Features observed were identical to those of MFHs which occur in the skin and subcutaneous tissue and less commonly in other deep locations. By light microscopy, a storiform pattern with admixture of fibroblasts and histiocytes, as well as xanthomatous and giant cells, was noted. Undifferentiated tumor cells along with fibroblasts and histiocytes in different degrees of differentiation were identified ultrastructurally. These findings lend support to the concept that MFH is a sarcoma of primitive mesenchymal cell origin. The addition of the lung as another primary site for the development of this tumor is consistent with the view that MFHs may potentially arise in any part of the body.

Topics: Cytoplasm; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Fibroblasts; Glycogen; Histiocytes; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Lysosomes; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Necrosis

A further case of a spindle cell sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk is reported, with extension to the pulmonary valve and lungs. Some spindle cells contained glycogen and their cell walls acid mucosubstances. Electron microscopy showed two types of cell. The more common were polyhedral with poorly arranged fibrils in the cytoplasm and an abundant fuzzy coat. About 5 per cent of the cells contained neurosecretory granules.

Topics: Cardiovascular System; Digestive System; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glycogen; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Macrophages; Male; Mast Cells; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Pulmonary Artery; Pulmonary Valve; Sarcoma

An autopsy study of 26 cases of Ewing's sarcoma treated with radiation to the primary site plus adjuvant chemotherapy has shown metastatic tumor in 23 cases. Metastases were found typically in lungs, pleura, bones and regional lymph nodes. In three cases no tumor could be found at autopsy, and death was due to complications of treatment. Tumor was found in the irradiated primary site in 13 of the 20 cases in which the primary site was examined at autopsy. Histologically, the tumor at autopsy frequently had increased pleomorphism and increased numbers of bizarre giant cells; however, these changes did not affect the presence of glycogen in tumor cells, thus reaffirming the importance of intracytoplasmic glycogen in the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amylases; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Sarcoma, Ewing

Benign clear-cell tumor of the lung is a rare, distinctive, primary neoplasm with unique histologic and electron microscopic features which may resemble metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. This tumor typically presents as an asymptomatic, peripheral, sharply rounded mass in the lung. Clinical recognition can prevent an unnecessary search for a primary malignant source.

Topics: Aged; Cell Membrane; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radiography

Lung carcinoma of sheep (Jaagsiekte) is a bronchiolar-alveolar cell carcinoma. Differences in the ultrastructural patterns of early and advanced lesions of the disease are described. A-type and C-type viruses were observed in advanced tumors and were absent in early lesions. Numerous microtubules were characteristic in the epithelial tumor cells of the early lesions and were absent in the advanced tumor. In comparison to the early lesions, extensive cytosome production, surfactant secretion, and glycogen accumulation were observed in the advanced tumor. The immune response to the early tumor lesion was restricted to the peribronchiolar lymph aggregates, while in the advanced stages of the disease the systemic immune response was markedly increased.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar; Animals; Cytoplasmic Granules; Glycogen; Inflammation; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Oncogenic Viruses; Retroviridae; Sheep; Sheep Diseases

Ultrastructural and histochemical examination of chondromatous pulmonary hamartomas revealed the epithelial component to be comprised elements similar to those lining the distal bronchioles and the alveoli of adult lung. The stromal cells nearest the epithelium include a population resembling mature fibroblasts and a population of glycogen-containing, primitive appearing cells. More deeply situated stromal cells showed features of chrondroid differentiation.

Topics: Epithelium; Glycogen; Hamartoma; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Microscopy, Electron

A case of benign clear cell tumor ("sugar tumor") of the lund with extensive necrosis is reported. Electron microscopic study established the diagnosis by virtue of the characteristic cytoplasmic membrane-bound glycogen. Ultrastructural study may be necessary in cases containing necrosis to differentiate this lesion decisively from metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Necrosis; Neoplasm Metastasis

Topics: Adenoma; Basement Membrane; Cell Membrane; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Female; Glycogen; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Pinocytosis

Topics: Animals; Diagnosis, Differential; Dinitrophenols; Glycogen; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Leukocytes; Lung Diseases; Lung Neoplasms; Methods; Oxygen Consumption; Sarcoidosis; Stimulation, Chemical; Tuberculin Test; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Animals; Blood Cells; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Phospholipids; Proteins; Sheep; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Animals; Cytoplasm; Glycogen; Golgi Apparatus; Inclusion Bodies; Lung Neoplasms; Membranes; Methylcholanthrene; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Neoplasms, Experimental

Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adult; Albumins; Bile Acids and Salts; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Esterases; Fibrinogen; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome; Microscopy, Electron; Peroxidases; Serotonin; Staining and Labeling; Transferrin

Topics: Animals; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Lung Neoplasms; Microscopy, Electron; Mucins; Phospholipids; Pulmonary Alveoli; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Female; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Hexokinase; Humans; Lactates; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Phosphofructokinase-1; Phosphotransferases; Pyruvate Kinase

Topics: Adenoma; Carcinoid Tumor; Cell Nucleus; Collagen; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Glycogen Storage Disease; Humans; Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Methods; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged

Topics: Bronchial Diseases; Bronchial Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Papilloma; Transferases

Topics: Aged; Chordoma; Female; Glycogen; Glycosaminoglycans; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Rectal Neoplasms; Sacrum; Spinal Neoplasms