glycogen and Hypotension

Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Blood Glucose; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cardiovascular System; Catechol O-Methyltransferase; Catecholamines; Cyclic AMP; Energy Metabolism; Fats; Female; Fetal Heart; Fetus; Glycogen; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Infant, Newborn; Insulin; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Placenta; Potassium; Pregnancy; Respiration; Time Factors; Uterine Contraction

The effects on the myocardium of the agonal period and subsequent management have been studied in the pig. Acute ischemia of the brain led to major temporary hemodynamic changes. Brain death, with or without hemodynamic support of the circulation, led to a significant reduction in subsequent myocardial function, associated with some depletion of the myocardial high-energy phosphate and glycogen reserves, although the rate of this depletion was reduced by anaerobic glycolysis. Although 24 hours' storage by continuous hypothermic perfusion of hearts taken from control animals led to only a minimal reduction in myocardial function, storage increased the reduction in function associated with brain death when intravenous fluid and dobutamine support had been given to maintain the brain dead pig in a normotensive state. Storage, however, reduced the anaerobic metabolism seen in hearts functioning in hypotensive brain dead pigs and led to replenishment of the glycogen stores.

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Death; Cardiac Output; Coronary Circulation; Creatine Kinase; Glycogen; Heart; Heart Arrest, Induced; Heart Rate; Heart Transplantation; Hypotension; Lactates; Myocardium; Organ Preservation; Swine; Time Factors; Vascular Resistance

Several indices of energy exchange and protein-amino acid metabolism in the myocardium were studied experimentally in dogs subjected to long-term hypotension (Wiggers' technique, arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg for 3 hours). It was established that by the end of the fixed period of hypotension the myocardial content of adenosine triphosphate, creatinephosphate, glycogen decreased significantly, while the amount of nonorganic phosphorus, lactic and pyruvic acids increased. At the same time the content of watersoluble protein fraction and of most of the 18 identified amino asids decreases in the cardiac muscle. Fractionated intravenous injections of adenosine triphosphate or 1,6-diphosphate fructose permitted to prevent the development of energy deficit, and, to a great extent, that of protein-amino acid metabolism disorders in dogs subjected to long-term hypotension.

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Albumins; Animals; Dogs; Energy Metabolism; Fructosephosphates; Globulins; Glycogen; Hypotension; Lactates; Myocardium; Phosphocreatine; Phosphorus; Pyruvates; Time Factors

Topics: DNA; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Hypotension; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; RNA; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Topics: Acidosis; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Blood Proteins; Blood Transfusion; Blood Volume; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Fructose; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Hypotension; Lactates; Methods; Phosphates; Phosphocreatine; Pulse; Pyruvates; Respiration