glycogen and Hypertension--Renal

Hypertension and proteinuria were observed in a 2-year-old child with type IA (von Gierke's) glycogen storage disease (GSD). She had evidence of hyperfiltration and had elevated selective renal vein renins. On renal biopsy, increased mesangial cell matrix and cellularity were observed with focal thickening and irregularity of the basement membrane. This case may be representative of the early renal findings in type IA GSD.

Topics: Female; Glycogen; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Infant; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Proteinuria

Examination of kidneys of ten patients with uremia and severe hypertension treated by chronic intermittent hemodialysis revealed a deposition of glycogen within interstitial cells of the renal medulla. This is unlike any described renal distribution of glycogen. Electron microscopic studies performed in one case demonstrated monoparticulate glycogen both diffuse in the interstitial cell cytoplasm and locally aggregated beside lipid droplets. The findings provide evidence for a metabolic abnormality of renal medullary interstitial cells in patients who have protracted uremia.

Topics: Adult; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Medulla; Male; Middle Aged; Uremia

The response of the intima-media of the thoracic aorta to 1 to 4 weeks of two-kidney renal hypertension in the rat has been analyzed by morphometric techniques at light and electron microscopic levels. The increased thickness of the aorta that ensues is the result of an increase in the size but not the number of smooth muscle cell layers. The volume fractions of intima occupied by endothelium (26%), internal elastic lamina (37%), and subendothelial space (37%) in normotensive animals are not significantly altered by the hypertension. The percent increases in muscle cross-sectional area is greatest (58 to 60%) in the two innermost layers (M1 and M2). M1 is composed of nearly equal compartments of smooth muscle cells and interstitial space that expand 69% and 50%, respectively, with hypertension. Analysis of the subcellular constituents of the M1 smooth muscle cells indicates that significant changes in absolute volume include increases of caveolae (45%), myofibrils (59%), mitochondria (81%), glycogen (163%), and rough endoplasmic reticulum (221%). Factors contributing to these alterations are discussed.

Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Endothelium; Glycogen; Hypertension, Renal; Hypertrophy; Male; Mitochondria, Muscle; Muscle, Smooth; Myofibrils; Rats

Topics: Bacteriuria; Blood Glucose; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glycogen; Glycosuria, Renal; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Insulin; Kidney; Kidney Tubules; Proteinuria; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic; Urinary Tract Infections; Urination Disorders

Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain; DNA; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Glycogen; Hypertension, Renal; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Lung; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Proteins; Proteinuria; Rats

Topics: Animals; Glycogen; Heart; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney; Rats