glycogen and Granuloma

Topics: Absorption; Adult; Animals; Blood Proteins; Brain Diseases; Cell Differentiation; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Cholesterol; Choroid Neoplasms; Choroid Plexus; Cilia; Cysts; Ependyma; Epithelium; Female; Glycogen; Glycoproteins; Glycosaminoglycans; Granuloma; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lipid Metabolism; Macrophages; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mucins; Phagocytosis; Rats

Two novel 16-substituted steroidal carboxylate esters derived from prednisolone, methyl 11 beta,17 alpha,21- trihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-pregna-1,4-diene-16 alpha-carboxylate (P16CM) and methyl 11 beta,21-dihydroxy-3,20-dioxo-pregna-1,4-diene-16 alpha- carboxylate (DeoxyP16CM) were evaluated for in vivo antiinflammatory and glucocorticoid activities. Results indicate that incorporation of a methoxycarbonyl group at the 16 position of prednisolone, as in P16CM, resulted in 5.5 times more local activity in the cotton pellet granuloma assay and 14 times more topical activity in the croton oil induced ear edema bioassay as compared with the parent compound prednisolone (P). The 17 alpha-dehydroxy analogue of P16CM (DeoxyP16CM) retained one-half the local activity of P in the cotton pellet granuloma bioassay and topical activity equal to P in the croton oil induced ear edema bioassay. Favorable dissociation of local from systemic effects is seen for these steroidal 16-carboxylate esters since their systemic antiinflammatory activity was significantly less than that of P, and their suppression of plasma corticosterone and ACTH levels was minimal. While P16CM does exhibit some thymolytic activity, DeoxyP16CM is essentially devoid of thymus atrophogenic effects at equiactive doses. Thus, these compounds may represent safer topical therapeutic agents.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Atrophy; Corticosterone; Glucocorticoids; Glycogen; Granuloma; Male; Pleurisy; Prednisolone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tyrosine Transaminase

A case of solitary xanthogranuloma was studied by optical and electron microscopy. The tumor parenchyma cells were composed mainly of multilocular lipid droplets together with rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, a few mitochondria, glycogen particles, and fine filaments sparsely scattered throughout the cytoplasm. The parenchyma cells bore a close structural resemblance to Ito's "fat-storing cells" which are situated in Disse's space, contain lipid droplets and are thought to be the only cells participating in intralobular fibrillogenesis in the liver. Another notable finding was that the lipid droplets of the tumor parenchyma cells originated directly from rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, the tumor morphology was incompatible with the currently favored concept of a benign, reactive non-neoplastic process of prominently histiocyte cells, being characterized instead by prominently fibroblastic cells.

Topics: Adult; Cell Nucleus; Cytoskeleton; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glycogen; Granuloma; Humans; Lipids; Male; Organoids; Skin; Skin Diseases; Xanthomatosis

Two cases of occult seminoma were observed which showed left-sided lymph node metastases without clinically demonstrable testicular tumors. The peculiar histology of the lymph node metastases, namely PAS-positive tumor cells with clear cytoplasm together with a granulomatous stromal reaction, was highly suggestive of seminoma. Despite lack of testicular enlargement in both cases, a left-sided orchiectomy was done. Histologically, intratubular seminomas were found which confirmed the original diagnostic suspicions derived from the morphology of the lymph node metastases. It is concluded, therefore, that in the case of lymph node metastases with the above-mentioned structure, occult seminoma should always be taken into consideration. Because of the modern beneficial therapeutic implications, detection of occult seminoma is very important.

Topics: Adult; Dysgerminoma; Epithelium; Glycogen; Granuloma; Histiocytes; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphocytes; Male; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Testicular Neoplasms

Nine cases of granuloma annulare at different stages of development were investigated electron microscopically. Special attention was given to collagen changes, to the cellular infiltrate, and to vascular changes. The necrobiotic changes of the collagen were: loosening of the fibers at the borders of the bundles; swelling and loss of cross-striation of the fibrils; and complete degradation of the collagen, with precipitation of mucinous and fibrin material and of glycogen. In 2 cases "cross-banded filamentous aggregations" were present. In later stages new collagen synthesis occurred. In the infiltrate, histiocytes/macrophages were seen developing into epithelioid and giant cells. In addition, numerous active lymphocytes and, at later stages, some neutrophils were found. Vascular changes consisted of endothelial swelling and duplications of the basal lamina. A perivascular infiltrate was present, but no distinct vasculitis was seen. Our results indicate that the necrobiosis of the collagen without primary vasculitis may be an initial event in granuloma annulare. A delayed hypersensitivity mechanism is discussed with regard to pathogenesis.

Topics: Adult; Collagen; Female; Glycogen; Granuloma; Histiocytes; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Macrophages; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged

Topics: Acetates; Adrenalectomy; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biological Assay; Carrageenan; Glycogen; Granuloma; Hydrocortisone; Liver; Phenothiazines; Rats