glycogen and Endocrine-System-Diseases

The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease has reached an exponential rate of rise over the last decades owing to high fat/high caloric diet intake and satiety life style. Although the presence of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity mainly contributes to the increased incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, population-based, clinical and genetic studies have revealed a rather important role for inherited myopathies and endocrine disorders in the ever-rising metabolic anomalies. Inherited metabolic and endocrine diseases such as glycogen storage and lysosomal disorders have greatly contributed to the overall prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases. Recent evidence has demonstrated an essential role for proteotoxicity due to autophagy failure and/or dysregulation in the onset of inherited metabolic and endocrine disorders. Given the key role for autophagy in the degradation and removal of long-lived or injured proteins and organelles for the maintenance of cellular and organismal homeostasis, this mini-review will discuss the potential contribution of autophagy dysregulation in the pathogenesis of inherited myopathies and endocrine disorders, which greatly contribute to an overall rise in prevalence of cardiometabolic disorders. Molecular, clinical, and epidemiological aspects will be covered as well as the potential link between autophagy and metabolic anomalies thus target therapy may be engaged for these comorbidities.

Topics: Autophagy; Cardiovascular Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Glycogen; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lysosomes; Metabolic Syndrome; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Muscular Diseases; Obesity

Topics: Addison Disease; Blood Glucose; Catecholamines; Diagnosis, Differential; Endocrine System Diseases; Glucagon; Glucocorticoids; Gluconeogenesis; Glycogen; Human Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypoglycemia; Hypopituitarism; Liver

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Electrolytes; Endocrine System Diseases; Enzymes; Female; Fetal Diseases; Fetal Hypoxia; Fetus; Glucose; Glycogen; Humans; Ketone Bodies; Lipid Metabolism; Nutrition Disorders; Oxygen; Pregnancy

Topics: Catecholamines; Cyclic AMP; Endocrine System Diseases; Fructose-Bisphosphatase; Glucagon; Gluconeogenesis; Glucose-6-Phosphatase; Glycogen; Glycogen Synthase; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypoglycemia; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Insulin; Ketosis; Liver; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP); Pyruvate Carboxylase

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Biological Assay; Blood Glucose; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Blood Proteins; Cats; Chromatography; Diaphragm; Dogs; Drug Synergism; Endocrine System Diseases; Glucose; Glycogen; Haplorhini; Humans; Immune Sera; In Vitro Techniques; Insulin; Insulin Antagonists; Insulin Antibodies; Iodine Isotopes; Macroglobulins; Methods; Mice; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Swine