glycogen and Alcoholic-Intoxication

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Ethanol; Fats; Fatty Liver; Glucose; Glycogen; Hepatomegaly; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Microsomes, Liver; Social Problems

Ethanol and anaesthetics increase glycogen levels in the brain. However, no data have been reported about the effect of ethanol on glycogen and glucose metabolism in specific brain regions. We have studied the concentrations of glycogen, glucose, glucose 6-P, glucose 1,6-P2 and fructose 2,6-P2 and the activities of glycogen synthase, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen phosphorylase kinase in seven brain regions of starved rats following treatment with a single dose or several doses of ethanol. Our results show that: (1) the effect of ethanol on glucose metabolism depends on whether it is given in one single dose or in a series of doses; (2) glycogen concentration increases after a single dose of ethanol but not after long exposure; (3) glucose, glucose 6-P in some areas, and the bisphosphorylated sugar, fructose 2,6-P2 significantly increase after prolonged exposure to ethanol; and (4) the enzymatic activities of glycogen metabolism are not modified after a long exposure to ethanol. In summary, these data show that ethanol may modify the use of glycogen, glucose and derivatives in brain. Moreover, the changes produced depend on the pattern of ethanol intake and the brain area considered.

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Brain; Ethanol; Fructosediphosphates; Glucose; Glucose-6-Phosphate; Glucosephosphates; Glycogen; Glycogen Synthase; Male; Phosphorylase Kinase; Phosphorylases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sugar Phosphates; Tissue Distribution

Histological and histochemical studies of the rat skeletal muscles in acute alcohol intoxication have revealed metabolic disturbances, characterized by a decreased glycogen level, small-drop fatty infiltration, decreased activity of aerobic and enhanced activity of anaerobic enzyme glycolysis, dystrophic and focal necrotic myocyte changes. Acute alcohol intoxication in fasting animals is accompanied by more pronounced dystrophic and necrotic myocyte changes, decreased glycogen and lipid content.

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lipid Metabolism; Muscles; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Succinate Dehydrogenase

Acute or chronic intoxication of rats with ethanol (intragastric administration at a dose of 8 g/kg or free-choice drinking of 10% ethanol for 3 months) produced no significant changes in contractile function, glycogen content, glucose uptake and lactate release in isolated hearts. Withdrawal syndrome simulated in rats following a short period of severe intoxication with ethanol at a dose of 4-5 g/kg twice daily has demonstrated a 15 and 28% decrease in peak systolic pressure and tension time index, respectively. In this case glucose uptake and lactate release were 2 times higher. Changes in glycogen level were observed three days after the last ethanol administration. The rats, survived after the abstinence period, revealed areas of perivascular myocardial necrosis. It is concluded that withdrawal syndrome plays an important role in pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; Glucose; Glycogen; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Necrosis; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

Topics: Acute Disease; Alcoholic Intoxication; Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlormethiazole; Coloring Agents; Glycogen; Haloperidol; Humans; Liver; Male; Rats; Sciatic Nerve

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cardiomyopathies; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glycogen; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lactates; Mitochondria; Myocardium; Statistics as Topic

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohols; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Flavonoids; Glycogen; Humans; Liver; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Rats

Topics: Acetoacetates; Acidosis; Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Amino Acids; Fatigue; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucose; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydroxybutyrates; Lactates; Liver; Muscles; NAD; Phosphates; Physical Exertion; Pyruvates; Uric Acid

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Electron Transport Complex IV; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Male; Methods; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; RNA; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Time Factors

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Child; Glucagon; Glycogen; Humans; Hypoglycemia

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Glycogen; Heart; Histocytochemistry; Liver; Liver Glycogen; Lung; Myocardium; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Research

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Metabolism; Rats; Research; Toxicology

Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Fructose; Glycogen; Humans; Liver Diseases; Liver Glycogen