glutaminase and Chemical-and-Drug-Induced-Liver-Injury

Activity of phosphate-dependent glutaminase was determined in hepatocytes of white female rats, both in healthy animals and in rats with chronic CCl4-hepatitis on day 3 after liver resection and hyperbaric oxygenation. In healthy animals, activity of phosphate-dependent glutaminase was not altered after hepatic resection, but it was elevated in animals with chronic CCl4-hepatitis. Hyperbaric oxygenation inhibited activity of hepatocytic phosphate-dependent glutaminase in non-operated healthy rats but stimulated it after hepatic resection. In animals with chronic CCl4-hepatitis; hyperbaric oxygenation restricted the stimulating effect of hepatic resection on phosphate-dependent glutaminase activity.

Topics: Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Glutaminase; Hepatectomy; Hepatitis, Chronic; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Liver; Mitochondria, Liver; Rats

In an investigation of the toxicity of the anti-tumour enzyme glutaminase Rhesus monkeys, marmosets, rabbits and mice were given various doses of chemically modified glutaminase parenterally. The enzyme induced diarrhoea and dysentery and at all but the lowest doses caused illness which was fatal within 10 days. Pathological lesions produced were hepatic lipidosis and glycogen accumulation, and, in the primates, acute necrotizing colitis.

Topics: Animals; Callitrichinae; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Colitis; Diarrhea; Female; Glutaminase; Haplorhini; Intestines; Lipidoses; Liver; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mice; Rabbits

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutaminase activity in the rat brain was altered by chronic ammonia intoxication, subacute liver injury induced by CCl4 or digalactosamine, and the combination of them. GDH activity was found to increase considerably in ammonia intoxication without liver damage, probably as a result of enzyme induction. GDH activity failed to increase, while glutaminase was appreciably elevated. when ammonia intoxication was associated with hepatic injury. Toxicological studies have indicated that these changes in brain enzyme levels may be involved in the mechanism of ammonia neurotoxicity.

Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Galactosamine; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutaminase; Necrosis; Neurologic Manifestations; Rats

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Asparagine; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Ataxia; Azo Compounds; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carboxy-Lyases; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Diarrhea; DNA; Formates; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamates; Glutaminase; Lethal Dose 50; Ligases; Liver Neoplasms; Malate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Protein Biosynthesis; Seizures; Spleen; Time Factors