glutamic acid and Morphine Abuse

glutamic acid has been researched along with Morphine Abuse in 37 studies

Research

Studies (37)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19901 (2.70)18.7374
1990's8 (21.62)18.2507
2000's13 (35.14)29.6817
2010's13 (35.14)24.3611
2020's2 (5.41)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Chen, DS; Gao, C; Gao, Y; Hao, JR; Li, X; Liu, L; Liu, YY; Sun, N; Tong, K; Yang, L; Yang, X; You, Y; Zhu, L1
Beck, RCR; Burger, ME; D'avila, LF; da Silva, CB; de Andrade, DF; Jank, L; Metz, VG; Milanesi, LH; Oliveira da Rosa, JL; Reis, VB; Rossato, DR; Wolf, JF1
Barakat, A; Elbadr, MM; Hamdy, MM1
Cui, C; Jia, M; Li, Y; Ma, H; Wang, N; Wang, X1
Alaei, H; Eidi, A; Keramatian, A; Radahmadi, M1
Abdel-Hady, RH; Abdel-Zaher, AO; Farghaly, HS; Hamdy, MM; Mostafa, MG1
Narita, M; Suzuki, T; Yoshizawa, K1
Medrano, MC; Mendiguren, A; Pineda, J1
Glass, MJ; Hegarty, DM; Inturrisi, CE; Oselkin, M; Pickel, VM; Quimson, L; South, SM; Xu, Q1
Charkhpour, M; Habibi-Asl, B; Hassanzadeh, K1
Anderson, DC; Chang, L; Cloak, CC; Donahoe, RM; Ernst, TM; O'Neil, SP1
Li, J; Liu, Y; Lu, XQ; Su, RB; Wang, XF; Wu, N1
Araki, H; Gomita, Y; Ishida, S; Jin, C; Kawasaki, H; Kawasaki, Y; Kitamura, Y; Sendo, T1
Gołda, S; Gołembiowska, K; Hess, G; Kubik, J; Novak, M; Parkitna, JR; Parlato, R; Przewłocki, R; Solecki, W; Sprengel, R; Tokarski, K1
Bu, Q; Cen, X; Deng, P; Deng, Y; Hu, C; Hu, Z; Li, Y; Shao, X; Xu, Y; Yan, G; Zhao, J; Zhao, Y; Zhou, J; Zhu, R1
Li, J; Lu, XQ; Su, RB; Wu, N; Yan, HT; Zheng, JQ1
Abdel-Zaher, AO; Al-Shaibani, NK; Farghly, HM; Hamdy, MM; Mostafa, MG; Omran, GA1
Bao, GB; Bao, L; Fan, HP; Lu, YJ; Pei, G; Pu, L; Wu, CF; Xu, NJ; Zhang, X1
Anderson, AT; Edwards, R; Garcia, MM; Harlan, RE1
Chen, SJ; Chen, WF; Huang, LT; Lai, MC; Lin, SZ; Tao, PL; Wang, CL; Yang, CH; Yang, SN1
Minami, M; Nakagawa, T; Ozawa, T; Satoh, M; Sekiya, Y1
Glass, MJ; Kreek, MJ; Kruzich, PJ; Pickel, VM1
Chang, YC; Wang, JJ; Wen, ZH; Wong, CS; Wu, GJ1
Cho, JH; Jang, CG; Jeong, SM; Kim, HC; Kim, KW; Kim, SH; Lee, JH; Lee, SY; Nah, SY; Yang, EM; Yoo, JH1
Fry, JP; Herz, A; Zieglgänsberger, W1
Bhargava, HN; Gudehithlu, KP; Reddy, PL2
Ho, IK; Tokuyama, S1
Cox, BM; Noble, F1
Feng, YZ; Ho, IK; Tokuyama, S; Wakabayashi, H; Zhu, H1
Elsworth, JD; Punch, LJ; Taylor, JR1
Bespalov, AY; Dravolina, OA; Medvedev, IO1
Forray, MI; Fuentealba, JA; Gysling, K1
Aoki, T; Narita, M; Suzuki, T1
Enginar, N; Kara , I; Koyuncuoğlu, H; Nurten, A; Ozerman, B1
Minami, M; Nakagawa, T; Ozawa, T; Satoh, M; Shige, K1
Ariciŏglu, F; Dizdar, Y; Esin, Y; Koyuncuŏglu, H; Uresin, Y1

Reviews

1 review(s) available for glutamic acid and Morphine Abuse

ArticleYear
Psychological dependence on opioid analgesics.
    Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2013, Volume: 142, Issue:1

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Utilization; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Japan; Morphine Dependence; Opioid-Related Disorders; Signal Transduction

2013

Other Studies

36 other study(ies) available for glutamic acid and Morphine Abuse

ArticleYear
dCA1-NAc shell glutamatergic projection mediates context-induced memory recall of morphine.
    Pharmacological research, 2021, Volume: 172

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Conditioning, Operant; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Reward; Synaptic Transmission

2021
Topiramate-chitosan nanoparticles prevent morphine reinstatement with no memory impairment: Dopaminergic and glutamatergic molecular aspects in rats.
    Neurochemistry international, 2021, Volume: 150

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Chitosan; Conditioning, Psychological; Dopamine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nanoparticles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine; Topiramate

2021
Bupropion attenuates morphine tolerance and dependence: Possible role of glutamate, norepinephrine, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
    Pharmacological reports : PR, 2018, Volume: 70, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Brain; Bupropion; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Inflammation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Nitric Oxide; Norepinephrine; Organophosphorus Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Pain Measurement; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

2018
Wnt7a in Mouse Insular Cortex Contributes to Anxiety-like Behavior During Protracted Abstinence from Morphine.
    Neuroscience, 2018, 12-01, Volume: 394

    Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Neurons; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Wnt Proteins

2018
Electrical stimulation mPFC affects morphine addiction by changing glutamate concentration in the ventral tegmental area.
    Metabolic brain disease, 2019, Volume: 34, Issue:4

    Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valine; Ventral Tegmental Area

2019
Role of oxidative stress and inducible nitric oxide synthase in morphine-induced tolerance and dependence in mice. Effect of alpha-lipoic acid.
    Behavioural brain research, 2013, Jun-15, Volume: 247

    Topics: Animals; Arginine; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Indazoles; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxidative Stress; Thioctic Acid

2013
Effect of ceftriaxone and topiramate treatments on naltrexone-precipitated morphine withdrawal and glutamate receptor desensitization in the rat locus coeruleus.
    Psychopharmacology, 2015, Volume: 232, Issue:15

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Ceftriaxone; Fructose; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Topiramate

2015
Conditional deletion of the NMDA-NR1 receptor subunit gene in the central nucleus of the amygdala inhibits naloxone-induced conditioned place aversion in morphine-dependent mice.
    Experimental neurology, 2008, Volume: 213, Issue:1

    Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cell Shape; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Deletion; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission

2008
Central administration of minocycline and riluzole prevents morphine-induced tolerance in rats.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 2009, Volume: 109, Issue:3

    Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Area Under Curve; Drug Tolerance; Glutamic Acid; Male; Minocycline; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Riluzole

2009
Neurometabolite abnormalities in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques with chronic morphine administration.
    Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2011, Volume: 6, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Creatine; Glutamic Acid; Inositol; Macaca; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Viral Load

2011
Agmatine modulates neuroadaptations of glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens of repeated morphine-treated rats.
    European journal of pharmacology, 2011, Jan-10, Volume: 650, Issue:1

    Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Agmatine; Animals; Biological Transport; Extracellular Space; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes

2011
Effect of glutamate receptor antagonists microinjected into the nucleus accumbens on place aversion induced by naloxone in single-dose, morphine-treated rats.
    European journal of pharmacology, 2011, Volume: 666, Issue:1-3

    Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Naloxone; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

2011
Glutamate input to noradrenergic neurons plays an essential role in the development of morphine dependence and psychomotor sensitization.
    The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2012, Volume: 15, Issue:10

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic Neurons; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Morphine Dependence; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organ Culture Techniques; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

2012
¹H NMR-based metabonomic analysis of brain in rats of morphine dependence and withdrawal intervention.
    Behavioural brain research, 2012, May-16, Volume: 231, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Brain; Energy Metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Metabolomics; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

2012
Aquaporin-4 deficiency attenuates opioid dependence through suppressing glutamate transporter-1 down-regulation and maintaining glutamate homeostasis.
    CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2013, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 4; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Tritium

2013
Inhibition of brain oxidative stress and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by thymoquinone attenuates the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice.
    European journal of pharmacology, 2013, Feb-28, Volume: 702, Issue:1-3

    Topics: Animals; Benzoquinones; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Morphine Dependence; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrites; Oxidative Stress; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

2013
Morphine withdrawal increases glutamate uptake and surface expression of glutamate transporter GLT1 at hippocampal synapses.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2003, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Symporters; Synapses; Synaptosomes; Up-Regulation

2003
Morphine induction of c-fos expression in the rat forebrain through glutamatergic mechanisms: role of non-n-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.
    Neuroscience, 2003, Volume: 119, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neostriatum; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission

2003
Prenatal administration of morphine decreases CREBSerine-133 phosphorylation and synaptic plasticity range mediated by glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampal CA1 area of cognitive-deficient rat offspring.
    Hippocampus, 2003, Volume: 13, Issue:8

    Topics: Animals; Cognition Disorders; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Maze Learning; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neuronal Plasticity; Phosphorylation; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine; Synaptic Transmission

2003
Effect of gene transfer of GLT-1, a glutamate transporter, into the locus coeruleus by recombinant adenoviruses on morphine physical dependence in rats.
    The European journal of neuroscience, 2004, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Adenoviridae; Animals; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotic Antagonists; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Synaptic Transmission

2004
Decreased plasma membrane targeting of NMDA-NR1 receptor subunit in dendrites of medial nucleus tractus solitarius neurons in rats self-administering morphine.
    Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2004, Sep-15, Volume: 53, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Cell Membrane; Dendrites; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neuronal Plasticity; Protein Subunits; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor Aggregation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Self Administration; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission

2004
Dexamethasone modulates the development of morphine tolerance and expression of glutamate transporters in rats.
    Neuroscience, 2005, Volume: 133, Issue:3

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dexamethasone; Drug Tolerance; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord

2005
Inhibitory effects of berberine against morphine-induced locomotor sensitization and analgesic tolerance in mice.
    Neuroscience, 2006, Nov-03, Volume: 142, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Berberine; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Oocytes; Protein Subunits; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Xenopus

2006
A demonstration of naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal on single neurones in the morphine-tolerant/dependent rat brain.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1980, Volume: 68, Issue:3

    Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

1980
Down-regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors of brain regions and spinal cord of rats treated chronically with morphine.
    General pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord

1995
Effect of morphine tolerance and abstinence on the binding of [3H]MK-801 to brain regions and spinal cord of the rat.
    Brain research, 1994, Mar-14, Volume: 639, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Brain; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Drug Tolerance; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

1994
Inhibitory effects of diltiazem, an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, on naloxone-increased glutamate levels in the locus coeruleus of opioid-dependent rats.
    Brain research, 1996, May-25, Volume: 722, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Animals; Butorphanol; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

1996
Differential desensitization of mu- and delta- opioid receptors in selected neural pathways following chronic morphine treatment.
    British journal of pharmacology, 1996, Volume: 117, Issue:1

    Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Adenylyl Cyclases; Aminobutyrates; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Oligopeptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thalamus

1996
The role of glutamate in the locus coeruleus during opioid withdrawal and effects of H-7, a protein kinase inhibitor, on the action of glutamate in rats.
    Journal of biomedical science, 1998, Volume: 5, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Butorphanol; Glutamic Acid; Infusions, Parenteral; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders

1998
A comparison of the effects of clonidine and CNQX infusion into the locus coeruleus and the amygdala on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal in the rat.
    Psychopharmacology, 1998, Volume: 138, Issue:2

    Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amygdala; Animals; Clonidine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Morphine Dependence; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

1998
Behavioural effects of glutamate receptor agonists in morphine-dependent rats.
    Behavioural pharmacology, 1999, Volume: 10, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Discrimination, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Kainic Acid; Male; Morphine Dependence; N-Methylaspartate; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nitric Oxide Donors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

1999
Chronic morphine treatment and withdrawal increase extracellular levels of norepinephrine in the rat bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
    Journal of neurochemistry, 2000, Volume: 75, Issue:2

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain; Brimonidine Tartrate; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Norepinephrine; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

2000
Molecular evidence for the involvement of NR2B subunit containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in the development of morphine-induced place preference.
    Neuroscience, 2000, Volume: 101, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Behavior, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Seizures

2000
The effects of different 4-aminopyridine and morphine combinations on the intensity of morphine abstinence.
    Pharmacological research, 2001, Volume: 43, Issue:3

    Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

2001
Changes in the expression of glial glutamate transporters in the rat brain accompanied with morphine dependence and naloxone-precipitated withdrawal.
    Brain research, 2001, Jun-29, Volume: 905, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Extracellular Space; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Neuroglia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission

2001
Effects of tizanidine on morphine physical dependence: attenuation and intensification.
    Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1992, Volume: 42, Issue:4

    Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Analgesics; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morphine Dependence; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Smooth; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome

1992