glutamic acid has been researched along with Disease Models, Animal in 1854 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 11 (0.59) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 114 (6.15) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 636 (34.30) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 937 (50.54) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 156 (8.41) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Braisted, J; Dranchak, P; Earnest, TW; Gu, X; Hoon, MA; Inglese, J; Oliphant, E; Solinski, HJ | 1 |
| Abrams, RPM; Bachani, M; Balasubramanian, A; Brimacombe, K; Dorjsuren, D; Eastman, RT; Hall, MD; Jadhav, A; Lee, MH; Li, W; Malik, N; Nath, A; Padmanabhan, R; Simeonov, A; Steiner, JP; Teramoto, T; Yasgar, A; Zakharov, AV | 1 |
| He, B; Liu, F; Tan, S; Xu, M; Zhou, W | 1 |
| Castello, N; Chan, M; Doric, Z; Finkbeiner, S; Haddad, D; Javaherian, A; Kokel, D; Leks, W; Linsley, JW; Mancini, J; Nakamura, K; Oza, V; Shah, K; Wang, S | 1 |
| Bin, P; Wang, Y; Xu, S; Zhang, D; Zhu, G | 1 |
| Gupta, S; Kumar, M; Kushwah, AS; Singh, G; Singh, TG; Surampalli, G | 1 |
| Aoki, I; Higuchi, M; Maeda, J; Nagashima, K; Near, J; Nitta, N; Ochi, Y; Ono, M; Sahara, N; Sampei, K; Shibata, K; Shibata, S; Shimojo, M; Takado, Y; Takahashi, M; Takuwa, H; Tomita, Y; Uchida, S; Urushihata, T | 1 |
| Birling, MC; Brault, V; Flores-Gutiérrez, J; Garbis, SD; Hérault, Y; Iacono, G; Lalanne, V; Lindner, L; Manousopoulou, A; Meziane, H; Nguyen, TL; Pavlovic, G; Selloum, M; Sorg, T; Yu, E | 1 |
| Cui, ZQ; He, RJ; Hou, GL; Luo, Y; Wang, YF; Yi, YL; Zhang, HY; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Dou, Y; Liu, X; Tan, Y; Xie, J; Zhang, M; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| An, J; Chai, Z; Chen, YY; Ding, ZB; Han, QX; He, Y; Ma, CG; Song, LJ; Wang, Q; Xiao, BG; Yin, JJ; Yu, JZ | 1 |
| Boutin, J; Fougère, M; Neszvecsko, K; Ryczko, D; Sarret, P; van der Zouwen, CI | 1 |
| Bang, SK; Cho, SJ; Choi, KH; Kang, SY; Ryu, Y; Seo, SY | 1 |
| Baukov, YI; Borisevich, SS; Borozdenko, DA; Chekhonin, VP; Cherkashova, EA; Ezdoglian, AA; Golubev, YV; Gonchar, DI; Gubskiy, IL; Gubsky, LV; Gureev, MA; Kiseleva, NM; Lagunin, AA; Lyakhmun, DN; Namestnikova, DD; Negrebetsky, VV; Shagina, AD; Shmigol, TA; Tarasenko, DV | 1 |
| Aydin, S; Ercelen Ozozturk, B; Kilic, C; Kilic, FS; Yazici, ZG | 1 |
| Belosludtsev, KN; Belosludtseva, NV; Khunderyakova, NV; Kireeva, TA; Mironova, GD | 1 |
| Du, X; Gamper, N; Huang, D; Ma, J; Niu, C; Sun, H; Wang, J; Zhang, H; Zhang, L; Zhang, Y; Zhu, T | 1 |
| Chai, JR; Chen, YQ; Deng, YZ; Du, JY; Fang, JF; Fang, JQ; Li, QL; Li, XP; Liu, JG; Liu, R; Liu, ZQ; Long, JD; Shao, XM; Sun, X; Wang, Q; Wang, YJ; Yao, SY; Zan, GY | 1 |
| Deng, Y; Shi, W; Wang, Z; Xiao, W; Xiong, Z; Zhao, C; Zhao, L | 1 |
| Cawley, NX; Cougnoux, A; Fellmeth, M; Navid, F; Porter, FD; Serra-Vinardell, J; Wassif, CA; Yerger, JC | 1 |
| Chen, L; Gao, M; Guan, F; He, K; Li, J; Liu, M; Lv, Y; Shi, T; Zhang, H; Zhang, M; Zhao, J; Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Dedic, N; Dworak, H; Howes, OD; Rutigliano, G; Zeni, C | 1 |
| Aharoni, R; Arnon, R; Chapman, J; Dori, A; Eilam, R; Lerner, S; Shavit-Stein, E | 1 |
| Cancela, L; Castañares, C; Cristiano, E; Falcon, C; Garcia-Keller, C; Lopez, PHH; Monferran, C; Moyano, AL; Palandri, A; Patrucco, L; Rojas, JI; Rozés-Salvador, V; Schnaar, RL; Vivinetto, AL | 1 |
| Bacova, Z; Bakos, J; Havranek, T; Meliskova, V | 1 |
| Jin, H; Jin, QH; Li, YS; Ren, P; Wang, LP; Xiao, B | 1 |
| Bai, X; Gao, W; Li, Z; Liu, T; Liu, X; Xie, J; Xie, Z; Xu, M; Xu, X | 1 |
| Brouillet, E; Célestine, M; Dhenain, M; Flament, J; Humbert, S; Palombo, M; Pérot, JB | 1 |
| Azami Tameh, A; Karimian, M; Khassafi, N; Vahidinia, Z; Zahraei, Z | 1 |
| Akhtar, S; Ali, TA; Amjad, S; Bagga, P; Bhat, AA; Chawla, S; Fakhro, K; Frenneaux, MP; Haris, M; Hashem, S; Masoodi, T; Nisar, S; Reddy, R | 1 |
| Li, L; Liu, J; Tang, J; Wang, H; Zhou, L | 1 |
| Jin, M; Li, L; Liu, Y; Ni, H; Wang, D; Zhao, D | 1 |
| Jiao, Y; Wu, G | 1 |
| Brahma, MM; Goshima, Y; Harada, T; Namekata, K; Ohshima, T; Takahashi, K | 1 |
| Amal, H; Hamoudi, W; Ojha, SK; Tripathi, MK | 1 |
| Antonenko, AK; Fursova, AZ; Kolosova, NG; Telegina, DV | 1 |
| Li, Q; Liu, C; Wang, S; Wu, Z; Yang, Z; Zhang, T | 1 |
| Al-Khrasani, M; Essmat, N; Galambos, AR; Geda, O; Karádi, DÁ; Király, K; Lakatos, PP; Laufer, R; Szökő, É; Tábi, T; Zádori, ZS | 1 |
| Carey, C; Cash, D; Dunn, JT; Gee, A; Hader, S; Horder, J; Lythgoe, DJ; McAlonan, G; Mendez, MA; Murphy, D; Pereira, AC; Pretzsch, CM; Rotaru, DG; Sementa, T; Singh, N; Velthuis, H; Veronese, M | 1 |
| Behnammanesh, G; Ji, D; Li, H; Majid, ASA; Rong, R; Wu, Z; You, M | 1 |
| Belloch, FB; Cortés-Erice, M; Díaz-Perdigon, T; Herzog, E; Puerta, E; Tordera, RM; Zhang, XM | 1 |
| López-Gil, X; Muñoz-Moreno, E; Simões, RV; Soria, G; Tudela, R | 1 |
| Cho, KM; Jo, JK; Kim, EJ; Kim, HW; Kim, JH; Kwon, SJ; Lee, G; Nguyen, CD; Park, SE; Seo, SH; Son, HS | 1 |
| Chen, B; Di, Z; Guo, Q; Hu, R; Jiang, S; Liu, J; Ma, R; Shi, M; Song, Z; Sun, S; Wu, X; Xu, H | 1 |
| Ebert, AD; Welby, E | 1 |
| Ahmed, S; Anwar, S; Malik, JA; Shaikh, MF; Thotapalli, L; Yaseen, Z | 1 |
| Buren, C; Fung, E; Hayden, MR; Koch, ET; Mackay, JP; Nassrallah, WB; Raymond, LA; Schmidt, M; Smith-Dijak, AI; Zhang, P | 1 |
| Ari, C; D'Agostino, DP; DeBlasi, JM; Koutnik, AP; Landon, CS; Ramirez, M; Rogers, CQ | 1 |
| Awasthi, A; Kumar, S; Raj, K; Singh, S | 1 |
| Ai, Z; Chen, C; Li, H; Liao, L; Luo, J; Song, Y; Su, D; Yang, M; Zhang, B; Zhang, H; Zhu, G | 1 |
| Abdelhakam, DA; Aboul-Ela, YM; Aboul-Fotouh, S; Ebeid, MA; Elnahas, EM; Habib, MZ; Negm, EA; Sadek, DR; Tarek, M | 1 |
| Cai, M; Park, HR; Yang, EJ | 1 |
| Chen-Engerer, HJ; Frosch, MP; Hong, W; Konnerth, A; Sakmann, B; Simon, MM; Unger, F; Walsh, DM; Zott, B | 1 |
| Kapur, J; Singh, T; Williamson, J | 1 |
| Ackland, GL; Cain, D; Del Arroyo, AG; Gourine, AV; Grant, SGN; Hadjihambi, A; Kasymov, V; Lambden, S; Nightingale, TD; Sanchez, J; Turovsky, E | 1 |
| Almeida, A; Bolaños, JP; Burmistrova, O; Eremeeva, T; Fedichev, PO; Jimenez-Blasco, D; Lapresa, R; Olias-Arjona, A; Romanov, S; Shishov, D; Zakurdaeva, K | 1 |
| Cao, T; Chang, Z; Chu, Q; Liu, Y; Lu, J; Zhang, Y; Zhu, Y | 1 |
| Bar-Or, A; Bueno, M; Charabati, M; de Faria Junior, O; Drake, SS; Dumas, A; Fournier, AE; Galloway, DA; Juźwik, CA; Lécuyer, MA; Moore, C; Morquette, B; Paradis-Isler, N; Prat, A; Rambaldi, I; Vallières, L; Zandee, S; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Chen, JX; Ding, XF; Li, J; Li, XJ; Liu, Y; Liu, YY; Qian, XY; Wang, XX; Zou, XJ | 1 |
| Abdelhaffez, AS; Ahmed, MA; Elbadr, MM; Farghaly, HSM | 1 |
| Aydin, E; Cosacak, MI; Deneubourg, C; Diaz Verdugo, C; Jurisch-Yaksi, N; Kawakami, K; Kizil, C; Muto, A; Myren-Svelstad, S; Pelgrims, R; Van Hoeymissen, E; Vancraeynest, J; Vanderhaeghe, S; Yaksi, E | 1 |
| Cui, Z; Guo, S; Jiang, T; Li, C; Li, L; Ma, J; Tang, T; Wang, H; Xu, W; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Casteels, C; Crabbé, M; Dirkx, N; Laere, KV | 1 |
| Haegele, M; Moser, A; Schumacher, A; Spyth, J | 1 |
| Hirahara, I; Jin, D; Kusano, E; Takai, S | 1 |
| Chu, S; Guo, M; He, W; Li, Q; Li, X; Tian, Y; Wang, J; Wang, Z; Xu, F; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z; Zhao, J | 1 |
| Baghy, K; Knoll, J; Mervai, Z; Miklya, I; Timar, J; Zelena, D | 1 |
| Booker, SA; Domanski, APF; Isaac, JTR; Kind, PC; Wyllie, DJA | 1 |
| Booker, SA; Dando, OR; Domanski, APF; Hardingham, GE; Isaac, JTR; Jackson, AD; Kind, PC; Wyllie, DJA | 1 |
| Binda, NS; Borges, MH; Carobin, NV; Castro Junior, CJ; Ferreira, J; Gomez, MV; Kushmerick, C; Pinto Nagem, RA; Ribeiro, FM; Rita Pereira, EM; Santos, DC; Silva Júnior, CA; Silva, JF; Souza, JM | 1 |
| Jin, Y; Li, J; Li, X; Luo, MH; Mao, Y; Mei, L; Meng, Q; Tao, W; Wang, H; Xie, W; Zhang, X; Zhang, Z; Zhou, W; Zhu, X | 1 |
| Araujo, DR; Barcellos, AM; Barth, A; da Fonseca, CAR; Freitas, BG; Lemos, BB; Luchese, C; Motta, KP; Perin, G; Reis, AS; Soares, PS; Vogt, AG; Wilhelm, EA | 1 |
| Deng, W; Li, BM; Luo, F; Mei, L | 1 |
| Behar, O; Belzer, V; Ben-Dor, I; Birger, A; Casden, N; Feldman, E; Galun, E; Gil, Y; Izrael, M; Ottolenghi, M; Perez, L; Reubinoff, B; Steiner, D; Sweetat, S; Turetsky, T | 1 |
| Chen, C; Du, G; Gao, X; Qin, X; Tian, J; Yin, Q; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| A-Rahbi, BS; Abdullah, JM; Abdullah, Z; Abg Abd Wahab, DY; Alrafiah, A; Gau, CH; Muthu Karuppan, MK; Muthuraju, S; Zakaria, R | 1 |
| Kasatkina, LA; Krupko, OO; Kuchmerovska, TM; Lisakovska, OO; Tarasenko, AS; Trikash, IO | 1 |
| Arai, S; Gonome, T; Kudo, T; Maeda-Monai, N; Nakazawa, M; Tanabu, R; Xie, Y; Yamauchi, K | 1 |
| Jiang, M; Mi, QJ; Song, YQ; Sun, BL; Wang, WQ; Yang, MF; Yin, YX; Zhang, C; Zhang, ZY; Zhao, SJ | 1 |
| Garg, C; Garg, M; Walia, V | 2 |
| Jin, YB; Kang, JB; Koh, PO; Park, DJ; Shah, FA | 1 |
| Kicinska, A; Piwowar, A; Rorbach-Dolata, A | 1 |
| Saitow, F; Suzuki, H; Takumi, T | 1 |
| Di, Z; Guo, Q; Jiang, S; Zhang, QA | 1 |
| Jimenez-Rivera, CA; Santos-Vera, B; Vazquez-Torres, R; Velasquez-Martinez, MC; Velez-Hernandez, ME | 1 |
| Bie, B; Foss, JF; Naguib, M; Wu, J | 2 |
| Gillespie, DL; Huang, LE; Jensen, RL; Tiburcio, PDB | 1 |
| Chen, J; Gao, M; Qu, X; Yin, D | 1 |
| Kashiwaya, Y; King, MT; Pawlosky, RJ; Veech, RL | 1 |
| Alam, MS; Ansari, MA; Ashraf, GM; Barkat, MA; Barreto, GE; Javed, MN; Nigar, S; Pottoo, FH; Sharma, S; Tabassum, N | 1 |
| Diao, K; Han, L; Jia, X; Li, M; Tian, G; Yang, Z; Zhang, M | 1 |
| Ahn, H; Choi, JY; Han, SJ; Jung, KH; Kang, KJ; Lee, KC; Lee, YJ; Nam, KR; Oh, SJ; Park, JA | 1 |
| Alexandre-Ribeiro, SR; Antiorio, ATFB; Bernardi, MM; Dagli, MLZ; de Souza, TA; Flório, JC; Galvis-Alonso, OY; Garcia-Gomes, MSA; Ienne, S; Lebrun, I; Massironi, SMG; Mejia, J; Mori, CMC; Olivato, MCM; Sandini, TM; Yamamoto, PK; Zanatto, DA | 1 |
| Atchison, WD; Sabo, SL; Sceniak, MP; Spitsbergen, JB; Yuan, Y | 1 |
| Baggio, S; de Oliveira, DL; Dias, RD; Dos Santos, TG; Lazzarotto, G; Martins Silva, A; Mussulini, BH; Rech, G; Rico, EP; Zenki, K | 1 |
| Chen, C; Jin, Y; Li, J; Li, X; Mao, Y; Pan, ZZ; Tang, ZQ; Tao, W; Wang, H; Wang, L; Wang, Y; Xie, W; Zhang, X; Zhang, Z; Zhou, C; Zhou, W | 1 |
| Chen, Y; Hall, FS; Saber, YH; Tran, HTN | 1 |
| Assad, N; Bahia, CP; Carvalho, T; da Conceição Passos, A; Herculano, AM; Luz, WL; Moraes, S; Oliveira Batista, EJ; Oliveira, KRHM; Picanço-Diniz, DLW; Santos-Silva, M | 1 |
| Chen, T; Chu, YX; Cui, WQ; Li, Q; Mao-Ying, QL; Mi, WL; Wang, YQ; Xu, F; Zhang, WW | 1 |
| Kato, N; Ma, L; Ono, M; Qin, L | 1 |
| Buren, C; Raymond, LA; Tu, G | 1 |
| Bitto, A; Bornstein, R; Johnson, SC; Kaeberlein, M; Kayser, EB; Morgan, PG; Pan, A; Park, KY; Raftery, D; Sedensky, MM; Stokes, J; Sun, G | 1 |
| Gursky, E; Hoffmann, GF; Kölker, S; Kumar, A; Okun, JG; Peravali, R; Posset, R; Probst, J; Zielonka, M | 1 |
| Hasser, EM; Hermann, GE; Kline, DD; Martinez, D; Rogers, RC | 1 |
| Hou, F; Li, A; Li, L; Liu, B; Liu, Z; Meng, Y; Song, J; Wang, M; Wu, L; Zheng, K | 1 |
| Adusumilli, M; Deolal, P; Kumar, A; Mason, GF; Mishra, PK; Patel, AB | 1 |
| Antunes, FTT; Caminski, ES; Dallegrave, E; de Freitas, LM; de Souza, AH; Gomez, MV; Junior, CADS; Pereira, EMR | 1 |
| Alvarez-Morujo, AJ; Gómez-Nieto, R; Hyppolito, MA; López, DE; Sánchez-Benito, D | 1 |
| Chen, J; Liao, Y; Long, J; Tan, L; Wei, J; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Scheel-Krüger, J; Szota, AM | 1 |
| Alt, J; Blue, ME; Fowler, A; Kannan, RM; Kannan, S; Khoury, ES; Rais, R; Ramireddy, RR; Sharma, A; Slusher, B; Thomas, AG; Tsukamoto, T | 1 |
| Brown, AM; Dawe-Lane, E; Evans, C; Fowler, M; King, MV; Newton-Mann, E; Shortall, SE | 1 |
| Benke, D; Pietrobon, D; Romanos, J; Santello, M; Zeilhofer, HU | 1 |
| Fonseca, FR; Navarro, JA; Ramírez-López, MT; Rivera, P; Suárez, J; Tovar, R; Vargas, A | 1 |
| Kim, YH; Kim, YS; Lee, IO; Lim, BG; Min, TJ; Won, YJ | 1 |
| Briski, N; Crockett, DP; Crowell, B; D'Arcangelo, G; Dal Pozzo, V | 1 |
| Kosari-Nasab, M; Salari, AA; Shokouhi, G | 1 |
| Afroze, M; Arpa, RN; Ferdous, A; Janta, RA; Khan, M; Moniruzzaman, M | 1 |
| Gakare, S; Kumar, R; Mahale, A; Prakash, A; Sarode, LP; Ugale, RR | 1 |
| Chalhoub, RM; Kalivas, PW | 1 |
| Fei, SJ; Miao, B; Su, Z; Xu, MQ; Yang, MJ; Zhang, JF | 1 |
| Gao, Q; Guan, YZ; Li, XT; Li, XX; Liu, X; Liu, Y; Ma, W; Peng, Y; Wang, H; Wang, N; Xu, YM; Yang, T; Zhu, XF | 1 |
| Luo, W; Peng, H; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Calleti, G; Flores Peres, V; Fraga de Souza, M; Freese, L; Gomez, R; Maria Tannhauser Barros, H; Schüler Nin, M | 1 |
| Bornstein, SR; Cherkasova, O; Chrousos, G; Fegert, JM; Ibragimov, R; Khotskin, N; Khotskina, AS; Komelkova, M; Koncevaya, G; Kritsky, I; Lapshin, MS; Licinio, J; Moshkin, M; Perry, SW; Sarapultsev, A; Shevelev, O; Tseilikman, O; Tseilikman, V; Ullmann, E; Vasilyeva, M; Wong, ML; Yehuda, R; Zavjalov, E | 1 |
| Albayrak, G; Bagriacik, EU; Bali, EB; Korkmaz, FD | 1 |
| Han, D; Jung, J; Kim, SH; Kim, YT; Lee, C; Lee, J; Lim, DW; Park, J; Um, MY; Yoon, M | 1 |
| Di, Z; Guo, Q; Jiang, S; Lin, XM; Zhang, QA | 1 |
| Cepeda, C; Levine, MS | 1 |
| Kinney, JW; Leisgang, AM; Murtishaw, AS; Ortiz, AA; Salazar, AM | 1 |
| Chen, Z; Duan, S; Guo, F; Li, KY; Li, XJ; Li, XY; Li, YY; Liu, R; Ma, XL; Sun, H; Sun, L; Wen, MQ; Wu, MY; Xu, CL; Yu, YQ; Zhu, ZG | 1 |
| Aldana, BI; Andersen, JV; Christensen, SK; Diaz-delCastillo, M; Schousboe, A; Tanila, H; Waagepetersen, HS; Westi, EW | 1 |
| Igarashi, H; Kakita, A; Kera, T; Kitaura, H; Kwee, IL; Ohkubo, M; Ohno, K; Terumitsu-Tsujita, M; Ueki, S | 1 |
| Heo, H; Kim, JK; Kim, KW; Lee, DH; Lee, DW; Woo, CW; Woo, DC | 1 |
| Diniz, DM; Fernandes, LF; Gomez, MV; Guatimosim, C; Joviano-Santos, JV; Ladeira, MS; Machado, TCG; Magalhães-Gomes, MPS; Massensini, AR; Miranda, AS; Soares, KB; Valadão, PAC | 1 |
| Eltokhi, A; Merchan-Perez, A; Santuy, A; Sprengel, R | 1 |
| Acher, F; Befort, K; Bourdy, R; De Sa Nogueira, D; Filliol, D; McCort-Tranchepain, I; Quessada, C; Romieu, P; Zwiller, J | 1 |
| Andrade, YCP; Batista, LA; Del Bel, EA; Fanelli, C; Issy, AC; Liégeois, JF; Minaldi, E; Moreira, FA; Rodrigues, LCM; Ropke, J; Viana, TG | 1 |
| Cheng, X; Feng, X; Huang, ZL; Li, YY; Lou, SS; Wang, HT; Xiong, ZQ; Xu, W; Yang, G; Zhu, ZA | 1 |
| Acewicz, A; Albrecht, J; Czarnecka, AM; Czuczwar, SJ; Kołodziej, M; Obara-Michlewska, M; Pawlik, MJ; Popek, MP; Wierzba-Bobrowicz, T; Łuszczki, J | 1 |
| Ge, RL; Ji, W; Liu, J; Luo, J; Wan, Y; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Altiné-Samey, R; Antier, D; Balageas, AC; Beaufils, E; Chalon, S; Dufour-Rainfray, D; Emond, P; Foucault-Fruchard, L; Mavel, S | 1 |
| Coetzer, J; Lindeque, JZ; Louw, R; Terburgh, K; van der Westhuizen, FH | 1 |
| Idrizi, A; Mano, I; Mendelowitz, ZZ | 1 |
| Benvenutti, R; Gallas-Lopes, M; Herrmann, AP; Marcon, M; Piato, A; Reschke, CR | 1 |
| Arends, MA; Elvig, SK; Koob, GF; McGinn, MA; Smith, C; Vendruscolo, LF | 1 |
| Gupta, R; Khera, R; Kumar, N; Mehan, S; Sharma, N | 1 |
| Bertrand, M; Boutin, JA; Dupuis, P; Ferry, G; Frankiewicz, L; Galibert, M; Gloanec, P; Jullian, M; Ko, A; Le Diguarher, T; Pecquery, A; Puget, K; Ripoll, L | 1 |
| Cauli, B; Hérault, K; Li, D; Maldera, S; Oheim, M; Pham, C; Vialou, V | 1 |
| Acosta, ML; Araya-Arriagada, J; Bello, F; Chacón, M; Durán-Aniotz, C; Escobar, MJ; Hetz, C; Neira, D; Palacios, AG; Shivashankar, G | 1 |
| Albers, KM; Chaudhri, VK; Cohen, JA; Davis, BM; Edwards, TN; Hirai, T; Kaplan, DH; Koerber, HR; McNeil, BD; Poholek, AC; Rittenhouse, N; Schmitz, EG; Singh, H; Sumpter, TL; Wu, J; Yang, Y; Zhang, S; Zhou, PY | 1 |
| Gasior, FM; Justice, CN; Lee, C; Li, J; Lin, S; O'Donnell, JM; Vanden Hoek, TL; Wang, H; Wang, Y; Zhu, X; Zhu, Z | 1 |
| Emad Aboulhoda, B; Gamal, M; Magdy, S; Mohammed, HS; Rashed, L; Samir, NF; Sharawy, N | 1 |
| Alves, F; Brzózka, MM; Dullin, C; Fledrich, R; Götze, T; Husseini, H; Linhoff, L; Mießner, H; Nave, KA; Peng, M; Ramos-Gomes, F; Rossner, MJ; Schifferdecker, E; Schwab, MH; Sereda, MW; Soto-Bernardini, MC; Velanac, V; Willig, K; Zhang, M; Zhang, W | 1 |
| Balbi, M; Bertola, N; Bonanno, G; Bonifacino, T; Ferrando, S; Frumento, G; Kumar, M; Milanese, M; Nguyen, TPN; Profumo, A; Provenzano, F; Ravera, S; Torazza, C; Viale, M; Zerbo, AR | 1 |
| Aponte, Y; Arenivar, MA; Borja, CB; Eagle, AL; Erbaugh, LJ; Leinninger, G; Robison, AJ; Sarsfield, S; Siemian, JN | 1 |
| Bevilacqua, M; Bove, M; Colia, AL; Dimonte, S; Francavilla, M; Morgese, MG; Schiavone, S; Trabace, L; Tucci, P | 1 |
| Chang, CY; Hsieh, YC; Kuo, MC; Lai, WS; Luo, DZ; Pei, JC | 1 |
| Dai, L; Liang, L; Liu, G; Liu, Y; Zhao, Y; Zheng, H | 1 |
| Eissa Ahmed, AA; Farhat, F; Nofal, S; Raafat, EM | 1 |
| Katagi, M; Kojima, H; Nakae, Y; Ohashi, N; Okano, J; Suzuki, Y; Terashima, T | 1 |
| Fan, S; Gao, J; Li, L; Li, W; Liu, L; Xian, X | 1 |
| Avalos, MP; Bollati, FA; Cancela, LM; De Giovanni, LN; Euliarte, PV; Guzman, AS; Mongi-Bragato, B; Rigoni, D; Sanchez, MA; Virgolini, MB | 1 |
| Gao, S; Guo, Y; Li, R; Li, W; Liu, J; Lyu, S; Tang, G; Yang, J; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Buchecker, V; Miljanovic, N; Potschka, H; van Dijk, RM | 1 |
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| Aperia, A; Bøttger, P; Clausen, BH; Füchtbauer, EM; Gesslein, B; Glerup, S; Gramsbergen, JB; Gunnarson, E; Heuck, A; Illarionova, NB; Isaksen, TJ; Lambertsen, KL; Lauritzen, M; Lykke-Hartmann, K; Nissen, P | 1 |
| Decker, JM; Dennissen, FJ; Krüger, L; Mandelkow, E; Mandelkow, EM; Siskova, Z; Sydow, A | 1 |
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| Heck, SO; Neto, JS; Nogueira, CW; Sari, MH; Stangherlin, EC; Zborowski, VA; Zeni, G | 1 |
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| Barak, S; Becker, KG; Becker, RE; Fukui, K; Greig, NH; Hoffer, BJ; Holloway, HW; Lehrmann, E; Li, Y; Luo, Y; Perez, E; Pick, CG; Rubovitch, V; Tamargo, IA; Tweedie, D; Van Praag, H; Wood, WH; Yu, QS; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| DePasquale, EA; Dorsett, CR; Floyd, CL; Gardner, AE; McCullumsmith, RE; McGuire, JL | 1 |
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| Aktumsek, A; Amarante, RKL; Amarante, RS; Barreto, AS; Barreto, RSS; Coutinho, HDM; Duarte, MC; Menezes, IRA; Nascimento, TS; Pereira, EWM; Quintans, JSS; Quintans-Júnior, LJ; Zengin, G | 1 |
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| Enginar, N; Kara , I; Koyuncuoğlu, H; Nurten, A; Ozerman, B | 1 |
| Hauben, E; Kipnis, J; Schori, H; Schwartz, M; Shaked, I; Yoles, E | 1 |
| Bastone, A; Bigini, P; Mennini, T | 1 |
| Gyo, K; Hakuba, N; Hyodo, J; Koga, K; Shudou, M; Taniguchi, M; Watanabe, F | 1 |
| Matsushita, Y; Miyazawa, T; Nawashiro, H; Shima, K; Tsuzuki, N; Wada, K | 1 |
| Corbalán, R; Córdoba, J; Felipo, V; López-Talavera, J; Martinez, L; Monfort, P | 1 |
| Grasso, G | 1 |
| Butterworth, RF; Danbolt, NC; Hazell, AS; Pow, DV; Rao, KV | 1 |
| Giorgetti, M; Hotsenpiller, G; Teppen, T; Ward, P; Wolf, ME | 1 |
| Bates, GP; Brundin, P; Castilho, RF; Hansson, O; Korhonen, L; Lindholm, D | 1 |
| Behar, KL; Rothman, DL | 1 |
| Narita, K; Sano, K; Sato, T; Shirasaki, Y; Takagi, K; Tamura, A | 1 |
| Amemiya, H; Enosawa, S; Fujita, Y; Hiramatsu, S; Matsumura, T; Miyashita, T; Omasa, T; Suga, K; Suzuki, S | 1 |
| Beauchemin, V; Debonnel, G; Dennis, T; Lavoie, N; Robichaud, M | 1 |
| DeLorenzo, RJ; Limbrick, D; Pal, S; Rafiq, A; Sun, D | 1 |
| Bates, GP; Kerkerian-Le Goff, L; Liévens, JC; Mahal, A; Samuel, D; Spasic-Boscovic, O; Woodman, B | 1 |
| Lo, EH; Moskowitz, MA; Newcomb, R; Shimizu-Sasamata, M; Wang, X | 1 |
| Choi, SS; Lee, JK; Suh, HW | 1 |
| Bastone, A; Bendotti, C; Calvaresi, N; Carvelli, L; Mennini, T; Rattray, M; Rizzi, M; Suchak, SK; Tortarolo, M | 1 |
| Hulsebosch, CE; McAdoo, DJ; Mills, CD; Xu, GY | 1 |
| Barbot, L; Gobert, JG; Huneau, JF; Kapel, N; Magne, D; Tomé, D; Topouchian, A | 1 |
| Kilts, CD | 1 |
| Fukamachi, S; Furuta, A; Ikeda, T; Ikenoue, T; Iwaki, T; Kaneoka, T; Rothstein, JD | 1 |
| Dufour, F; Nalecz, KA; Nalecz, MJ; Nehlig, A | 1 |
| Camón, L; de Vera, N; Martínez, E | 1 |
| Beas Zárate, C; García-Estrada, J; Huerta, M; Lopez-Perez, S; Luquín, S; Martínez-Contreras, A | 1 |
| Alexander, GM; Deitch, JS; Del Valle, L; Heiman-Patterson, TD | 1 |
| Feng, D; Luo, Z; Yue, S | 1 |
| Bird, ET; Boone, TB; Chancellor, MB; Smith, CP; Somogyi, GT | 1 |
| Domenici, MR; Falchi, M; Frank, C; Malchiodi-Albedi, F; Massotti, M; Pèzzola, A; Pintor, A; Popoli, P; Quarta, D; Reggio, R; Scarchilli, L; Tebano, MT | 1 |
| Bouldin, TW; Katz, LM; Rockoff, S; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Adalbert, R; Engelhardt, JI; Siklós, L | 1 |
| Graf, R; Heiss, WD; Toyota, S; Valentino, M; Yoshimine, T | 1 |
| Bäckström, T; Franco-Cereceda, A; Liska, J; Lockowandt, U; Sylven, C | 1 |
| Arii, T; Imoto, K; Matsushita, K; Mori, Y; Oda, S; Rhyu, IJ; Wakamori, M | 1 |
| Karlsson, T; Nordgren, A; Wiklund, L | 1 |
| Graham, SH; Huerbin, MB; Kochanek, PM; Marion, DW; Melick, J; Palmer, AM; Rose, ME; Schiding, JK | 1 |
| Bechberger, JF; Nakase, T; Naus, CC; Ozog, MA | 1 |
| Chalecka-Franaszek, E; Chen, RW; Chuang, DM; Hashimoto, R; Hiroi, T; Hough, C; Kanai, H; Leeds, P; Ren, M; Senatorov, V | 1 |
| Schmidt, WJ | 1 |
| Lane, JD | 1 |
| Becker, DP; Hovda, DA; Katayama, Y; Kawamata, T; Yoshino, A | 1 |
| Abiko, H; Chang, LH; Faden, AI; James, TL; Shimizu, H; Swanson, RA; Weinstein, PR | 1 |
| Assaf, HM; Buczek, M; Harrington, JF; Lust, WD; Ratcheson, RA | 1 |
| Bixler, MA; Coyle, JT; Koller, KJ; Meyerhoff, JL; Robinson, MB | 1 |
| Kulkarni, SK; Mehta, AK; Ticku, MK | 1 |
| Busto, R; Dietrich, WD; Ginsberg, MD; Globus, MY; Lin, B; Martinez, E | 1 |
| Kalloniatis, M; Robin, LN | 1 |
| Carter, BE; Higgins, ES; Roth, KS | 1 |
| Bullock, R; Butcher, SP; Chen, MH; Kendall, L; McCulloch, J | 1 |
| Kitamura, Y; Nomura, Y | 1 |
| Naik, B; Silverstein, FS; Simpson, J | 1 |
| Gunawan, S; Treiman, DM; Walton, NY | 1 |
| Close, SP; Elliott, PJ; Hayes, AG; Marriott, AS; Walsh, DM | 1 |
| Barron, KD; Cragoe, EJ; Kimelberg, HK; Rose, JW; Waniewski, RA | 1 |
| Ben-Ari, Y | 1 |
| Dempster, DW; Sloviter, RS | 1 |
| Casamenti, F; Cosi, C; Pedata, F; Pepeu, G; Pepeu, IM | 1 |
| Freeman, GB; Gibson, GE; Mykytyn, V | 1 |
| Graham, DI; McCulloch, J; Nehls, DG; Park, CK; Teasdale, GM | 1 |
141 review(s) available for glutamic acid and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Therapeutic Potential of TAAR1 Agonists in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Preclinical Models and Clinical Studies.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Schizophrenia; Small Molecule Libraries | 2021 |
The role of selected postsynaptic scaffolding proteins at glutamatergic synapses in autism-related animal models.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Kinases; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Synapses | 2021 |
Genetics of glutamate and its receptors in autism spectrum disorder.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 2022 |
Understanding translational research in schizophrenia: A novel insight into animal models.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Translational Research, Biomedical | 2023 |
Neurobiology of organophosphate-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Organophosphate Poisoning; Receptors, AMPA; Seizures; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission | 2019 |
Review on Cross Talk between Neurotransmitters and Neuroinflammation in Striatum and Cerebellum in the Mediation of Motor Behaviour.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Central Nervous System; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-1beta; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Microglia; Motor Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Serotonin; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Toll-Like Receptors | 2019 |
The role of glutamate receptors and their interactions with dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the development of tardive dyskinesia: preclinical and clinical results.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Subthalamic Nucleus; Tardive Dyskinesia | 2020 |
Non-Opioid Treatments for Opioid Use Disorder: Rationales and Data to Date.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Buprenorphine; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Methadone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opiate Substitution Treatment; Opioid-Related Disorders; Orexins; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Signal Transduction; Treatment Outcome | 2020 |
Multifaceted role of branched-chain amino acid metabolism in cancer.
Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Carcinogenesis; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Neoplasms; Nitrogen; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Microenvironment | 2020 |
Glutamatergic Dysfunction and Synaptic Ultrastructural Alterations in Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence from Human and Rodent Studies.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Rodentia; Schizophrenia; Synapses | 2020 |
The contributions of metabolomics in the discovery of new therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Metabolomics; Rats | 2021 |
Glutamate NMDA Receptor Antagonists with Relevance to Schizophrenia: A Review of Zebrafish Behavioral Studies.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Mammals; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Zebrafish | 2022 |
Tolerance to alcohol: A critical yet understudied factor in alcohol addiction.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Neurobiology; Norepinephrine; Rats; Serotonin; Sex Characteristics | 2021 |
Not Just a Bystander: The Emerging Role of Astrocytes and Research Tools in Studying Cognitive Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroglia; Neurons; Schizophrenia | 2021 |
Phytochemical treatments target kynurenine pathway induced oxidative stress.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kynurenine; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Quinolinic Acid; Tryptophan | 2018 |
Plasticity of the epigenome during early-life stress.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Mental Disorders; Mice; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Psychopathology; Rats; Resilience, Psychological; RNA, Untranslated; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological | 2018 |
Genetic susceptibility in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Copy Number Variations; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
Alzheimer's Disease: Recent Concepts on the Relation of Mitochondrial Disturbances, Excitotoxicity, Neuroinflammation, and Kynurenines.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Central Nervous System; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Inflammation; Kynurenine; Mitochondria; Quinolinic Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
The neurobiology of depression, ketamine and rapid-acting antidepressants: Is it glutamate inhibition or activation?
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Development; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketamine; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
The role of glutamatergic modulation in the mechanism of action of ketamine, a prototype rapid-acting antidepressant drug.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketamine; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 2018 |
Regulation of sympathetic vasomotor activity by the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in normotensive and hypertensive states.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cardiovascular System; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exercise Therapy; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertension; Inflammation Mediators; Neural Inhibition; Oxidative Stress; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Vasomotor System | 2018 |
[A review on the role of γ-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway in autism spectrum disorder].
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
Serotonin and Glutamate Interactions in Preclinical Schizophrenia Models.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Schizophrenia; Serotonin | 2019 |
Dysfunctional striatal dopamine signaling in Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Neurons; Receptors, Dopamine; Signal Transduction; Substantia Nigra | 2019 |
Attack of the nervous system by Clostridium perfringens Epsilon toxin: from disease to mode of action on neural cells.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Toxins; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Clostridium perfringens; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelial Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Glutamic Acid; Goats; Humans; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurons; Rats; Sheep | 2013 |
Psychological dependence on opioid analgesics.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Utilization; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Japan; Morphine Dependence; Opioid-Related Disorders; Signal Transduction | 2013 |
Sumoylation of critical proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: emerging pathways of pathogenesis.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium Signaling; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Motor Neurons; Muscular Disorders, Atrophic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Conformation; RNA-Binding Protein FUS; Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; Sumoylation; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2013 |
[Role of glutamate transporters in the pathophysiology of major mental illnesses].
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Autistic Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Mutation; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Schizophrenia | 2013 |
Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of motor function. An overview of behavioral, biochemical and histological studies in animal models.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Motor Activity; Motor Neurons; Nitrergic Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; Synaptic Transmission | 2013 |
Motor neuron disease: a chemical perspective.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Mutation; Neuroprotective Agents; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2014 |
Role of astrocytes in thiamine deficiency.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Pyrithiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy | 2014 |
Biomarkers and future targets for development in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Channels; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2014 |
Does limiting glutamatergic transmission in subthalamic nucleus mimic deep brain stimulation?
Topics: Animals; Deep Brain Stimulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Parkinson Disease; Subthalamic Nucleus | 2014 |
Recent updates on incubation of drug craving: a mini-review.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Craving; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Recurrence; Reward; Substance-Related Disorders | 2015 |
PET and MR imaging of neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Edema; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hyperammonemia; Imidazoles; Inflammation; Isoquinolines; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Microglia; Mitochondria; Multimodal Imaging; Neuroimaging; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Positron-Emission Tomography; Psychometrics; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Rats | 2015 |
Critical Evaluation of the Changes in Glutamine Synthetase Activity in Models of Cerebral Stroke.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke | 2015 |
A review of animal models of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a focus on developmental, immune, endocrine and behavioral models.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Phenotype; Serotonin Agents | 2016 |
β-Cell glutamate signaling: Its role in incretin-induced insulin secretion.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Incretins; Insulin; Insulin Secretion; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Islets of Langerhans; Metabolomics; Obesity; Signal Transduction | 2016 |
Glutamate Neurotransmission in Rodent Models of Traumatic Brain Injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Neuroglia; Rats; Rodentia; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Visualization of diversity of calcium signals in astrocytes.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Central Nervous System Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Molecular Imaging | 2016 |
Excitotoxins, Mitochondrial and Redox Disturbances in Multiple Sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood-Brain Barrier; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; Multiple Sclerosis; Neurotoxins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, Glutamate | 2017 |
Inflammation, glutamate, and glia in depression: a literature review.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Kynurenine; Microglia; Neuroglia; Neuronal Plasticity; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin | 2008 |
Benefit of combination therapy in epilepsy: a review of the preclinical evidence with levetiracetam.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Levetiracetam; Membrane Glycoproteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Piracetam | 2009 |
Posttraumatic epilepsy: hemorrhage, free radicals and the molecular regulation of glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Free Radicals; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Hemorrhages; Neurons; Neuropil; Nitric Oxide; Oxidation-Reduction | 2009 |
Assessment of neuroprotection in the retina with DARC.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Apoptosis; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lasers; Neuroprotective Agents; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Ubiquinone; Visual Field Tests; Visual Fields; Vitamins | 2008 |
Glutamate and dopamine components in schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Glutamate; Schizophrenia | 2009 |
Drug targets for traumatic brain injury from poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase pathway modulation.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxidative Stress; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction | 2009 |
Therapeutic potential of novel glutamate receptor antagonists in migraine.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Drugs, Investigational; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Models, Neurological | 2009 |
Using the pharmacology of latent inhibition to model domains of pathology in schizophrenia and their treatment.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Attention; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Memory; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology | 2009 |
Molecular mechanisms underlying glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia: therapeutic implications.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interneurons; Models, Neurological; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction | 2009 |
The neurobiological properties of tianeptine (Stablon): from monoamine hypothesis to glutamatergic modulation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Anxiety; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuronal Plasticity; Stress, Psychological; Thiazepines | 2010 |
[Role of glutamate transporters in the pathophysiology of major mental illnesses].
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mental Disorders; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Recent patents on positive allosteric modulators of the metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor as a potential treatment for schizophrenia.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Patents as Topic; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Schizophrenia | 2010 |
Modeling the positive symptoms of schizophrenia in genetically modified mice: pharmacology and methodology aspects.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Genetic Association Studies; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Motor Activity; Phenotype; Psychotropic Drugs; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Sensory Gating | 2010 |
The cholinergic system, sigma-1 receptors and cognition.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Cell Differentiation; Cholinergic Fibers; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; N-Methylaspartate; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Psychotropic Drugs; Receptors, sigma; Sigma-1 Receptor | 2011 |
Fragile X Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease: Another story about APP and beta-amyloid.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Phenotype; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2010 |
An update on the role of glutamate in the pathophysiology of depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Brain Mapping; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Mutant mouse models: phenotypic relationships to domains of psychopathology and pathobiology in schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Mutational Analysis; Dopamine; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Linkage; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Phenotype; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology | 2010 |
Dopamine and glutamate in Huntington's disease: A balancing act.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Mice; Rats | 2010 |
Brain angiotensin peptides regulate sympathetic tone and blood pressure.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Medulla Oblongata; Nitric Oxide; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vasomotor System | 2010 |
Translational neuroimaging research in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Diagnostic Imaging; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Biological; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Pediatrics; Polymorphism, Genetic; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Translational Research, Biomedical | 2010 |
Glutamate receptors in extinction and extinction-based therapies for psychiatric illness.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mental Disorders; Receptors, Glutamate; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Substance-Related Disorders | 2011 |
[Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors to develop novel antipsychotics].
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Design; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Schizophrenia | 2010 |
Postnatal developmental trajectories of neural circuits in the primate prefrontal cortex: identifying sensitive periods for vulnerability to schizophrenia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Age of Onset; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macaca; Neural Pathways; Prefrontal Cortex; Risk Factors; Schizophrenia | 2011 |
Possible involvement of glutamatergic signaling machineries in pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblasts; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, Glutamate; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2011 |
Links between electrophysiological and molecular pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Motor Neurons; Neural Conduction; Proteolysis; Stress, Physiological; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2011 |
Pathogenic implications of iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Blood Vessels; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Iron, Dietary; Macrophages; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Microglia; Multiple Sclerosis; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurotoxins | 2012 |
Measuring impulsivity in mice: the five-choice serial reaction time task.
Topics: Animals; Attention; Choice Behavior; Cholinergic Neurons; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; GABAergic Neurons; Genetic Association Studies; Glutamic Acid; Impulsive Behavior; Mice; Reaction Time; Serial Learning; Species Specificity; Time Factors | 2012 |
Glutamate and psychosis risk.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Risk Factors | 2012 |
[PolyI:C-induced neurodevelopmental animal model for schizophrenia].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gene-Environment Interaction; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Ligands; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurogenesis; Poly I-C; Schizophrenia; Toll-Like Receptor 3 | 2011 |
Consensus paper: pathological role of the cerebellum in autism.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebellum; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene-Environment Interaction; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mitochondria; Movement Disorders; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxidative Stress; Reelin Protein; Serine Endopeptidases | 2012 |
New directions in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders from animal model research.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Child; Child Behavior; Child Development Disorders, Pervasive; Child, Preschool; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Discovery; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Methylphenidate; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxytocin; Piperazines; Quinolones; Rats; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Risperidone; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin Antagonists | 2012 |
Recent advances in the study of age-related hearing loss: a mini-review.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Noise; Oxidative Stress; Presbycusis; Signal Transduction; Spiral Ganglion; Stress, Physiological | 2012 |
Capturing the angel in "angel dust": twenty years of translational neuroscience studies of NMDA receptor antagonists in animals and humans.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Emotions; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketamine; Neurosciences; Phencyclidine; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Synapses; Translational Research, Biomedical | 2012 |
Animal models of schizophrenia for molecular and pharmacological intervention and potential candidate molecules.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuregulin-1; Schizophrenia; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
From bench to bed: putative animal models of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder | 2013 |
Alcohol and withdrawal: from animal research to clinical issues.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Physiological; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Why have so many drugs with stellar results in laboratory stroke models failed in clinical trials? A theory based on allometric relationships.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Stroke | 2003 |
[The role of the glutamatergic system in alcohol addiction].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Secondary Prevention | 2003 |
Dopamine hypofunction possibly results from a defect in glutamate-stimulated release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens shell of a rat model for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder--the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Dopamine | 2003 |
Alexander disease: putative mechanisms of an astrocytic encephalopathy.
Topics: Alexander Disease; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Astrocytes; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Genome, Human; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Sequence Alignment | 2004 |
Schizophrenia: from dopamine to glutamate and back.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Piperazines; Piperidines; Quinolones; Schizophrenia | 2004 |
[Physiopathology of ALS: therapeutic approach].
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Apoptosis; Axons; Calcium; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Growth Substances; Humans; Intermediate Filaments; Mitochondria, Muscle; Motor Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase | 2004 |
Equivocal roles of tissue-type plasminogen activator in stroke-induced injury.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Fibrinolytic Agents; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Signal Transduction; Stroke; Thrombolytic Therapy; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2004 |
Glutamate and anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurobiology; Receptors, Glutamate | 2004 |
Glutamate as a therapeutic target in psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mental Disorders; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 2004 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptors and striatal synaptic plasticity: implications for neurological diseases.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Neural Networks, Computer; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2004 |
Indicators of neuroprotection with galantamine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Galantamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indicators and Reagents; Models, Biological; Neuroprotective Agents; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
The protective effect of adenosine A2A receptor antagonism in cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Time Factors | 2005 |
Pathophysiology of neonatal brain lesions: lessons from animal models of excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Palsy; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Inflammation; Interleukin-9; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Mice; Microglia; Models, Neurological | 2005 |
The potential role of lamotrigine in schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lamotrigine; Rats; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Triazines | 2005 |
Neural mechanisms of temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscle pain: a possible role for peripheral glutamate receptor mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Masticatory Muscles; Pain; Receptors, Glutamate; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome | 2005 |
Tinnitus: neurobiological substrates.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Neuronal Plasticity; Tinnitus | 2005 |
Role of glutamate transporters in the clearance and release of glutamate during ischemia and its relation to neuronal death.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Rats; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase | 2006 |
Glutamate-based therapeutic approaches: NR2B receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Pain; Phenols; Piperidines; Protein Conformation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2006 |
The role of glutamate in anxiety and related disorders.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 2005 |
Emotional learning and glutamate: translational perspectives.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Behavior Therapy; Brain; Cycloserine; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Extinction, Psychological; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rodentia | 2005 |
A review of the neuroprotective properties of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist repinotan HCl (BAYx3702) in ischemic stroke.
Topics: Animals; Benzopyrans; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Pyridines; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Signal Transduction; Stroke; Thiazoles | 2005 |
Glutamatergic innervation of rat skeletal muscle by supraspinal neurons: a new paradigm in spinal cord injury repair.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Efferent Pathways; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Nerve Regeneration; Neuromuscular Junction; Neuronal Plasticity; Peripheral Nerves; Rats; Recovery of Function; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2006 |
Novel neuroprotection by caffeine and adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonists in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Caffeine; Central Nervous System; Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Purines | 2006 |
Animal model of schizophrenia: dysfunction of NMDA receptor-signaling in mice following withdrawal from repeated administration of phencyclidine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Motor Activity; Phencyclidine; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Signal Transduction | 2006 |
Modeling intracerebral hemorrhage: glutamate, nuclear factor-kappa B signaling and cytokines.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction | 2007 |
Involvement of glutamate and reactive oxygen species in methylmercury neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System; Methylmercury Compounds; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2007 |
Phencyclidine and genetic animal models of schizophrenia developed in relation to the glutamate hypothesis.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcineurin; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Gait; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inhibition, Psychological; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuregulin-1; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Behavior | 2007 |
The role of glutamate and its receptors in migraine.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Trigeminal Nerve | 2007 |
Glutamatergic substrates of drug addiction and alcoholism.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amphetamines; Animals; Cannabinoids; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Narcotics; Neuronal Plasticity; Nicotine; Substance-Related Disorders; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
The role of hippocampus in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.
Topics: Animals; Antimanic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neuronal Plasticity; Radionuclide Imaging | 2007 |
Glutamate excitotoxicity and therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Receptors, AMPA | 2007 |
Nicotine and nicotinic system in hypoglutamatergic models of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Smoking | 2007 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and diabetic neuropathy.
Topics: Animals; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction | 2008 |
Glutamatergic dysfunction--newer targets for anti-obsessional drugs.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neurotransmitter Agents; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Patents as Topic; Receptors, Glutamate | 2007 |
Neurotoxins as tools in neurobiology.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Elapid Venoms; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydroxydopamines; Kainic Acid; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Specificity; Rats; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Tetrodotoxin | 1981 |
Neurotransmitter specific alterations in dementing disorders: insights from animal models.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinergic Fibers; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; G(M1) Ganglioside; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gangliosidoses; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 1984 |
Glutamate-dopamine interactions in the basal ganglia: relationship to Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Synergism; Drug Tolerance; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Haplorhini; Humans; Mice; MPTP Poisoning; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 1993 |
Origins of glutamate release in ischaemia.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted | 1996 |
Excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Nervous System Diseases | 1995 |
Neuroprotective drug development in stroke: blood pressure and its impact.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents | 1996 |
[A novel photochemical model of the middle cerebral artery for thrombosis research and evaluation of anti-thrombotic agents].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation; Fibrinolytic Agents; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Light; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nicotinic Acids; Photochemistry; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rose Bengal | 1997 |
The biological basis of schizophrenia: new directions.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Cholecystokinin; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Entorhinal Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Linkage; Genetic Markers; Glutamic Acid; Humans; RNA, Messenger; Rodentia; Schizophrenia | 1997 |
Glutamate in neurologic diseases.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Child; Child Development; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1997 |
The role of glutamate in physical dependence on opioids.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Butorphanol; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Neurons, Afferent; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1998 |
Limbic-cortical neuronal damage and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Drug Resistance; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Limbic System; Models, Neurological; Neural Pathways; Schizophrenia; Severity of Illness Index | 1998 |
Using an animal model of deficient sensorimotor gating to study the pathophysiology and new treatments of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Attention; Basal Ganglia; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Humans; Inhibition, Psychological; Limbic System; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Models, Neurological; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia | 1998 |
Dopaminergic and glutamatergic interactions in the expression of self-injurious behavior.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Pemoline; Self-Injurious Behavior | 1998 |
Role of glutamate in neurodegeneration of dopamine neurons in several animal models of parkinsonism.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
[Huntington chorea. Animal models reveal new hypotheses for pathophysiology and therapy].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Genetic; Nerve Degeneration; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Trinucleotide Repeats | 1999 |
Neurotransmitter interactions in schizophrenia--therapeutic implications.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interneurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Thalamus | 1999 |
The role of excitotoxicity in ALS--what is the evidence?
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2000 |
Motor neurones in culture as a model to study ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cell Survival; Culture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; Motor Neurons; Point Mutation; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2000 |
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electron Transport Complex I; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species | 1999 |
Kainate, a double agent that generates seizures: two decades of progress.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Conductivity; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Seizures; Synapses | 2000 |
Selection of antiepileptic drug polytherapy based on mechanisms of action: the evidence reviewed.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Agonists; Databases as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Epilepsy; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; MEDLINE; Mice; Rabbits; Rats; Sodium Channel Blockers; Treatment Outcome | 2000 |
[Animal models of drug dependence using the drug self-administration method].
Topics: Animals; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Recurrence; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Stress, Physiological; Substance-Related Disorders | 2001 |
The process of epileptogenesis: a pathophysiological approach.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Interneurons; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity | 2001 |
In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance studies of glutamate-gamma-aminobutyric acid-glutamine cycling in rodent and human cortex: the central role of glutamine.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Carbon Isotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hyperammonemia; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neurons; Nitrogen Isotopes; Rats | 2001 |
The changing roles and targets for animal models of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Genetic; Models, Neurological; Neurotensin; Schizophrenia | 2001 |
Neuroprotective effects of lithium in cultured cells and animal models of diseases.
Topics: Animals; Bipolar Disorder; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lithium Carbonate; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stroke | 2002 |
Modulatory role of GABA receptor subtypes and glutamate receptors in the anticonvulsant effect of barbiturates.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Brain; Culture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 1992 |
Interrelationship between retinal ischaemic damage and turnover and metabolism of putative amino acid neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Macaca; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Retina; Retinal Vessels | 1992 |
Limbic seizure and brain damage produced by kainic acid: mechanisms and relevance to human temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Limbic System; Pyrrolidines; Status Epilepticus; Zinc | 1985 |
Are the neurochemical and behavioral changes induced by lesions of the nucleus basalis in the rat a model of Alzheimer's disease?
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Behavior, Animal; Choline; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Muscarinic; Substantia Innominata | 1986 |
1 trial(s) available for glutamic acid and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Plasma glutamate-modulated interaction of A2AR and mGluR5 on BMDCs aggravates traumatic brain injury-induced acute lung injury.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Adenosine; Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Middle Aged; Phenethylamines; Protein Kinase C; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Triazines; Triazoles; Type C Phospholipases | 2013 |
1712 other study(ies) available for glutamic acid and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, Spinal; Humans; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Pruritus; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Reproducibility of Results; Signal Transduction; Small Molecule Libraries | 2019 |
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; High-Throughput Screening Assays; Immunocompetence; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Methacycline; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Protease Inhibitors; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; Small Molecule Libraries; Vero Cells; Zika Virus; Zika Virus Infection | 2020 |
Preparation and preliminary quality evaluation of aspirin/L-glutamate compound pellets.
Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Compounding; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glutamic Acid; Quality Control; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stomach Ulcer; Tablets, Enteric-Coated | 2021 |
Genetically encoded cell-death indicators (GEDI) to detect an early irreversible commitment to neurodegeneration.
Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Calcium; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Fluorescent Dyes; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Larva; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Single-Cell Analysis; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Zebrafish | 2021 |
The Amino Acid-mTORC1 Pathway Mediates APEC TW-XM-Induced Inflammation in bEnd.3 Cells.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Amino Acids; Animals; Bird Diseases; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelial Cells; Escherichia coli; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; Mice; Serine | 2021 |
Arbutin protects brain against middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAo/R) injury.
Topics: Animals; Arbutin; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Maze Learning; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Permeability; Reperfusion Injury | 2021 |
MRS-measured glutamate versus GABA reflects excitatory versus inhibitory neural activities in awake mice.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Female; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Wakefulness | 2022 |
Dyrk1a gene dosage in glutamatergic neurons has key effects in cognitive deficits observed in mouse models of MRD7 and Down syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Brain; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Gene Dosage; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Proteomics; Speech Disorders; Synaptic Transmission; Transcription, Genetic | 2021 |
Pretreatment with Methylene Blue Protects Against Acute Seizure and Oxidative Stress in a Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus Model.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Methylene Blue; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
Neurotransmitter-stimulated neuron-derived sEVs have opposite effects on amyloid β-induced neuronal damage.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Vesicles; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents | 2021 |
Temporal and spatial evolution of various functional neurons during demyelination induced by cuprizone.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Axons; Cuprizone; Demyelinating Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelin Sheath; Neurons | 2021 |
Optogenetic stimulation of glutamatergic neurons in the cuneiform nucleus controls locomotion in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Light; Locomotion; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Midbrain Reticular Formation; Neurons; Optogenetics; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rhodopsin | 2021 |
Inhibition of Spinal TRPV1 Reduces NMDA Receptor 2B Phosphorylation and Produces Anti-Nociceptive Effects in Mice with Inflammatory Pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pain; Phosphorylation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; TRPV Cation Channels | 2021 |
A Novel Phenylpyrrolidine Derivative: Synthesis and Effect on Cognitive Functions in Rats with Experimental Ishemic Stroke.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Stroke; Male; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Primary Cell Culture; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke | 2021 |
An overview of the behavioral, neurobiological and morphological effects of topiramate in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cognition; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Locomotion; Male; Morris Water Maze Test; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological; Topiramate | 2021 |
Comparative Study of Functional Changes in Heart Mitochondria in Two Modes of Epinephrine Exposure Modeling Myocardial Injury in Rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Calcium; Cardiomyopathies; Cations, Divalent; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex II; Epinephrine; Glutamic Acid; Malates; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; NAD; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Succinic Acid | 2021 |
Activation of parabrachial nucleus - ventral tegmental area pathway underlies the comorbid depression in chronic neuropathic pain in mice.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Pain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dopaminergic Neurons; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Parabrachial Nucleus; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus; Trigeminal Neuralgia; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2021 |
Amygdalar κ-opioid receptor-dependent upregulating glutamate transporter 1 mediates depressive-like behaviors of opioid abstinence.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2021 |
Integrative serum metabolomic analysis for preventive effects of Yaobitong capsule in adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis rat based on RP/HILIC-UHPLC-Q-TOF MS.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolomics; Palmitic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; ROC Curve | 2022 |
Reduction of glutamate neurotoxicity: A novel therapeutic approach for Niemann-Pick disease, type C1.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Ceftriaxone; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C; Riluzole | 2021 |
Analysis of Serum Metabolomics in Rats with Osteoarthritis by Mass Spectrometry.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cartilage, Articular; Chromatography, Liquid; Collagenases; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Nitrogen; Osteoarthritis; Rats; Spermidine; Tryptophan | 2021 |
Neuroprotective Effect of Glatiramer Acetate on Neurofilament Light Chain Leakage and Glutamate Excess in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Glatiramer Acetate; Glutamic Acid; Intermediate Filaments; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptides | 2021 |
Myelin-associated glycoprotein activation triggers glutamate uptake by oligodendrocytes in vitro and contributes to ameliorate glutamate-mediated toxicity in vivo.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Axons; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; Neurons; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oligodendroglia; Oxidative Stress; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction | 2022 |
Nitric oxide impairs spatial learning and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease via disturbance of glutamate response in the hippocampal dentate gyrus during spatial learning.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Maze Learning; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Ovariectomy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2022 |
Inhibition of Ferroptosis Attenuates Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Nuclear Autophagy in a CLP Septic Mouse Model.
Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Disease Models, Animal; Ferroptosis; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Punctures; Sepsis; Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy | 2022 |
Longitudinal multimodal MRI characterization of a knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease reveals early gray and white matter alterations.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; White Matter | 2022 |
Calcitriol Pretreatment Attenuates Glutamate Neurotoxicity by Regulating NMDAR and CYP46A1 Gene Expression in Rats Subjected to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcitriol; Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemia; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke | 2022 |
Effects of C5a and Receptor CD88 on Glutamate and N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor Expression in the Mouse Model of Optic Neuromyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neuromyelitis Optica; Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2022 |
Plppr5 gene inactivation causes a more severe neurological phenotype and abnormal mitochondrial homeostasis in a mouse model of juvenile seizure.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Silencing; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Phenotype; Seizures | 2022 |
Optimizing the Time Window of Minimally Invasive Stereotactic Surgery for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation Combined with Rosiglitazone Infusion Therapy in Rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Nitric Oxide Synthase; PPAR gamma; Rabbits; RNA, Messenger; Rosiglitazone; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Water | 2022 |
Genetic inhibition of collapsin response mediator protein-2 phosphorylation ameliorates retinal ganglion cell death in normal-tension glaucoma models.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Phosphorylation; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2022 |
A cross-talk between nitric oxide and the glutamatergic system in a Shank3 mouse model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitric Oxide; Proteome | 2022 |
The glutamate/GABA system in the retina of male rats: effects of aging, neurodegeneration, and supplementation with melatonin and antioxidant SkQ1.
Topics: Aging; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Antioxidants; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Macular Degeneration; Male; Melatonin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retina | 2022 |
The dysfunction of mGluRIIs is involved in the disorder of hippocampal neural network in diabetic mice model.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Networks, Computer; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt | 2022 |
The Acute Antiallodynic Effect of Tolperisone in Rat Neuropathic Pain and Evaluation of Its Mechanism of Action.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Neuralgia; Pregabalin; Rats; Tolperisone | 2022 |
From bench to bedside: The mGluR5 system in people with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder and animal model systems.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Parvalbumins; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2022 |
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biological Products; Cell Survival; Crush Injuries; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Echium; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Injuries; Plant Extracts; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2022 |
Fast antidepressant action of ketamine in mouse models requires normal VGLUT1 levels from prefrontal cortex neurons.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Mice; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Reboxetine; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2023 |
Spatio-temporal metabolic rewiring in the brain of TgF344-AD rat model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Inositol; Rats; Taurine | 2022 |
Effects of Donepezil Treatment on Brain Metabolites, Gut Microbiota, and Gut Metabolites in an Amyloid Beta-Induced Cognitive Impairment Mouse Pilot Model.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Donepezil; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hypoxanthines; Inosine; Mice; Oxalates; Phenylalanine; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid; Xylose | 2022 |
Involvement of kynurenine pathway between inflammation and glutamate in the underlying etiopathology of CUMS-induced depression mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; Inflammation; Kynurenine; Mice; Tryptophan | 2022 |
Diminished motor neuron activity driven by abnormal astrocytic EAAT1 glutamate transporter activity in spinal muscular atrophy is not fully restored after lentiviral SMN delivery.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Motor Neurons; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein; Transcription Factors | 2023 |
Axonal ER Ca
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presynaptic Terminals | 2023 |
A Glutamate Scavenging Protocol Combined with Deanna Protocol in SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2023 |
L-theanine attenuates LPS-induced motor deficit in experimental rat model of Parkinson's disease: emphasis on mitochondrial activity, neuroinflammation, and neurotransmitters.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Mitochondria; Neuroinflammatory Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinson Disease; Rats | 2023 |
Yueju volatile oil plays an integral role in the antidepressant effect by up-regulating ERK/AKT-mediated GLT-1 expression to clear glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Molecular Structure; Oils, Volatile; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Stress, Psychological | 2023 |
Risperidone impedes glutamate excitotoxicity in a valproic acid rat model of autism: Role of ADAR2 in AMPA GluA2 RNA editing.
Topics: Adenosine Deaminase; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Autistic Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Pregnancy; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Risperidone; RNA; RNA Editing; Valproic Acid | 2023 |
Electroacupuncture modulates glutamate neurotransmission to alleviate PTSD-like behaviors in a PTSD animal model.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Mice; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Synaptic Transmission | 2023 |
A vicious cycle of β amyloid-dependent neuronal hyperactivation.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Neurons; Plaque, Amyloid; Protein Multimerization | 2019 |
NMDA receptor modulation of glutamate release in activated neutrophils.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Calcium; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Neutrophil Activation; Neutrophils; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2019 |
Targeting PFKFB3 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.
Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fructosediphosphates; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Humans; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Phosphofructokinase-1; Phosphofructokinase-2; Primary Cell Culture; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteolysis; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Reperfusion Injury | 2019 |
Studies on the Neuroprotection of Osthole on Glutamate-Induced Apoptotic Cells and an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model via Modulation Oxidative Stress.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Apoptosis; Coumarins; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroprotection; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Presenilin-1; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
MicroRNA-223 protects neurons from degeneration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Mice; MicroRNAs; Multiple Sclerosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord | 2019 |
Xiaoyaosan exerts antidepressant-like effects by regulating the functions of astrocytes and EAATs in the prefrontal cortex of mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex | 2019 |
Effect of single and repeated administration of amitriptyline on neuropathic pain model in rats: Focus on glutamatergic and upstream nitrergic systems.
Topics: Amitriptyline; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuralgia; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitrogen; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2019 |
Glia-neuron interactions underlie state transitions to generalized seizures.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Brain; Cell Communication; Cortical Excitability; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microscopy, Confocal; Nerve Net; Neuroglia; Neurons; Optical Imaging; Optogenetics; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Seizures; Zebrafish | 2019 |
Effect of Dihydroartemisinin on
Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Artemisinins; Azaserine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression; Glutamate Synthase (NADH); Glutamic Acid; Humans; Malaria; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phytotherapy; Plasmodium falciparum | 2019 |
Excitotoxic neurodegeneration is associated with a focal decrease in metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 availability: an in vivo PET imaging study.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; Cell Survival; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2019 |
Electrical high frequency stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell does not modulate depressive-like behavior in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Deep Brain Stimulation; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2020 |
Hypermetabolism of glutathione, glutamate and ornithine via redox imbalance in methylglyoxal-induced peritoneal injury rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Male; Ornithine; Oxidation-Reduction; Peritoneal Fibrosis; Pyruvaldehyde; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2020 |
Effect of α-asarone on ethanol-induced learning and memory impairment in mice and its underlying mechanism.
Topics: Allylbenzene Derivatives; Animals; Anisoles; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Fibrinolytic Agents; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Learning; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurotransmitter Agents | 2019 |
Synthetic enhancer compounds, besides acting on biogenic amine system, influence the glutamate transmission and stress response.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Benzofurans; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Selegiline; Stress, Psychological | 2020 |
Cellular and synaptic phenotypes lead to disrupted information processing in Fmr1-KO mouse layer 4 barrel cortex.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Computer Simulation; Disease Models, Animal; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenotype; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses | 2019 |
Altered dendritic spine function and integration in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Somatosensory Cortex; Synapses | 2019 |
Phoneutria toxin PnTx3-5 inhibits TRPV1 channel with antinociceptive action in an orofacial pain model.
Topics: Acrolein; Anilides; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Capsaicin; Cinnamates; Disease Models, Animal; Facial Pain; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Neuropeptides; Nociception; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Sensory System Agents; Transfection; Trigeminal Ganglion; TRPA1 Cation Channel; TRPV Cation Channels | 2020 |
A somatosensory cortex input to the caudal dorsolateral striatum controls comorbid anxiety in persistent pain.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Elevated Plus Maze Test; Freund's Adjuvant; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Neostriatum; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Open Field Test; Optogenetics; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Somatosensory Cortex | 2020 |
Se - [(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl] 4-chlorobenzoselenolate reduces the nociceptive and edematogenic response by chemical noxious stimuli in mice: Implications of multi-target actions.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Nociception; Pain Measurement; Selenium | 2019 |
NRG1-ErbB4 signaling promotes functional recovery in a murine model of traumatic brain injury via regulation of GABA release.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuregulin-1; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Parietal Lobe; Receptor, ErbB-4; Recovery of Function; Signal Transduction | 2019 |
Human iPSC-derived astrocytes from ALS patients with mutated C9ORF72 show increased oxidative stress and neurotoxicity.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Biomarkers; C9orf72 Protein; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Reprogramming; Cellular Senescence; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Mice; Motor Neurons; Mutation; Oxidative Stress; Proteomics; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2019 |
Studies on the potential link between antidepressant effect of Xiaoyao San and its pharmacological activity of hepatoprotection based on multi-platform metabolomics.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Humans; Liver; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Metabolomics; Protective Agents; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats | 2020 |
Vitamin D deficiency induces the excitation/inhibition brain imbalance and the proinflammatory shift.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cholecalciferol; Cholesterol; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Male; Membrane Fusion; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nervous System Diseases; Neural Pathways; Phospholipids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins | 2020 |
Excess Glutamate May Cause Dilation of Retinal Blood Vessels in Glutamate/Aspartate Transporter-Deficient Mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Fundus Oculi; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Vessels; Tomography, Optical Coherence | 2019 |
Selective mGluR1 Negative Allosteric Modulator Reduces Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Cerebral Edema After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Capillary Permeability; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quinolines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | 2020 |
Amantadine exerts anxiolytic like effect in mice: Evidences for the involvement of nitrergic and GABAergic signaling pathways.
Topics: Amantadine; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Quercetin Attenuates Decrease of Thioredoxin Expression Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Glutamate-induced Neuronal Cell Damage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thioredoxins | 2020 |
The Dephosphorylation of p70S6 (Thr
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; PC12 Cells; Phosphorylation; Rats; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Change in serotonergic modulation contributes to the synaptic imbalance of neuronal circuit at the prefrontal cortex in the 15q11-13 duplication mouse model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cortical Excitability; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Copy Number Variations; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2; Serotonin; Synapses | 2020 |
The glutamatergic system and astrocytic impairment in rat hippocampus: a comparative study of underlying etiology and pathophysiology of depression.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Psychological | 2019 |
Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors Modulate Glutamate and GABA Neurotransmission onto Ventral Tegmental Dopamine Neurons during Cocaine Sensitization.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopaminergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Models, Biological; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Signal Transduction; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2020 |
Amyloid Fibril-Induced Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter Disruption Contributes to Complement C1q-Mediated Microglial Pruning of Glutamatergic Synapses.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Ceftriaxone; Cognition Disorders; Complement C1q; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microglia; Morris Water Maze Test; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Phagocytosis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Up-Regulation | 2020 |
Extracellular glutamate and IDH1
Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Brain Neoplasms; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glioma; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Imidazoles; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2020 |
Activating the interleukin-6-Gp130-STAT3 pathway ameliorates ventricular electrical stability in myocardial infarction rats by modulating neurotransmitters in the paraventricular nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cytokine Receptor gp130; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Interleukin-6; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Norepinephrine; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Ventricular Fibrillation; Ventricular Function, Left | 2020 |
A Dietary Ketone Ester Normalizes Abnormal Behavior in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Citric Acid Cycle; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Esters; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ketone Bodies; Ketones; Ketosis; Male; Mice | 2020 |
Raloxifene potentiates the effect of fluoxetine against maximal electroshock induced seizures in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bromocriptine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroshock; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Neuropeptide Y; Oxidative Stress; Raloxifene Hydrochloride; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Serotonin; Seizures; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Huoxue-Tongluo-Lishui-Decoction is visual-protective against retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Biomarkers; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Retinal Diseases; Signal Transduction; Tomography, Optical Coherence | 2020 |
Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Microglial Depletion by CSF-1R Inhibition in a Parkinson's Animal Model.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Positron-Emission Tomography; Pyrazoles; Pyrimidines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Swimming; Tropanes | 2020 |
Behavioral and neurochemical characterization of the spontaneous mutation tremor, a new mouse model of audiogenic seizures.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Epilepsy, Reflex; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Norepinephrine; Seizures; Serotonin; Tremor | 2020 |
Acute neurotoxicant exposure induces hyperexcitability in mouse lumbar spinal motor neurons.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Environmental Exposure; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Methylmercury Compounds; Mice; Motor Neurons; Nerve Net; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders model alters the functionality of glutamatergic neurotransmission in adult zebrafish.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitochondria; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Zebrafish | 2020 |
MeCP2 mediates transgenerational transmission of chronic pain.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Somatosensory Cortex; Up-Regulation | 2020 |
High ambient temperature increases the toxicity and lethality of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and methcathinone.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Propiophenones; Signal Transduction; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
Acute Restraint Stress Evokes Anxiety-Like Behavior Mediated by Telencephalic Inactivation and GabAergic Dysfunction in Zebrafish Brains.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological; Telencephalon; Zebrafish | 2020 |
Tacr3 in the lateral habenula differentially regulates orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors in a mouse model of trigeminal neuralgia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Clozapine; Disease Models, Animal; Elevated Plus Maze Test; Glutamic Acid; Habenula; Hyperalgesia; Maxillary Nerve; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Open Field Test; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Transcriptome; Trigeminal Neuralgia | 2020 |
Acoustic trauma induced the alteration of the activity balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the inferior colliculus of mice.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Female; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced; Inferior Colliculi; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Noise; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Impaired Replenishment of Cortico-Striatal Synaptic Glutamate in Huntington's Disease Mouse Model.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Synaptic Vesicles | 2020 |
Regional metabolic signatures in the Ndufs4(KO) mouse brain implicate defective glutamate/α-ketoglutarate metabolism in mitochondrial disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex I; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Leigh Disease; Male; Metabolome; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondrial Diseases; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2020 |
Chronic hyperammonemia causes a hypoglutamatergic and hyperGABAergic metabolic state associated with neurobehavioral abnormalities in zebrafish larvae.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperammonemia; Larva; Zebrafish | 2020 |
Loss of excitatory amino acid transporter restraint following chronic intermittent hypoxia contributes to synaptic alterations in nucleus tractus solitarii.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Chemoreceptor Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Solitary Nucleus | 2020 |
Mangiferin activates Nrf2 to attenuate cardiac fibrosis via redistributing glutaminolysis-derived glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Cardiomyopathies; Disease Models, Animal; Fibrosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myocardium; Myofibroblasts; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NIH 3T3 Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Xanthones | 2020 |
Impaired neuronal and astroglial metabolic activity in chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression: Reversal of behavioral and metabolic deficit with lanicemine.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenethylamines; Pyridines; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose | 2020 |
Analgesic effects of the CTK 01512-2 toxin in different models of orofacial pain in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Facial Pain; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neuralgia; omega-Conotoxins; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; TRPA1 Cation Channel | 2020 |
Morphological and molecular correlates of altered hearing sensitivity in the genetically audiogenic seizure-prone hamster GASH/Sal.
Topics: Animals; Auditory Threshold; Behavior, Animal; Cochlea; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Reflex; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Glutamic Acid; Hearing; Male; Noise; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2020 |
Chemokine CCL2 impairs spatial memory and cognition in rats via influencing inflammation, glutamate metabolism and apoptosis-associated genes expression- a potential mechanism for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Chemokine CCL2; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HIV Infections; Inflammation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Neurocognitive Disorders; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spatial Memory | 2020 |
Dendrimer-conjugated glutaminase inhibitor selectively targets microglial glutaminase in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Dendrimers; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microglia; Neuroglia; Neuroimmunomodulation; Oxidative Stress; Rett Syndrome | 2020 |
Calbindin Deficits May Underlie Dissociable Effects of 5-HT
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calbindins; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Serotonin; Schizophrenia; Serotonin | 2020 |
Astrocyte dysfunction increases cortical dendritic excitability and promotes cranial pain in familial migraine.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Headache; Mice; Migraine Disorders; N-Methylaspartate | 2020 |
Sex-Specific Anxiety and Prefrontal Cortex Glutamatergic Dysregulation Are Long-Term Consequences of Pre-and Postnatal Exposure to Hypercaloric Diet in a Rat Model.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sex Factors; Time | 2020 |
Neuroprotective effects of magnesium L-threonate in a hypoxic zebrafish model.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Butyrates; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Magnesium; Memory; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Zebrafish | 2020 |
Reduced Reelin Expression in the Hippocampus after Traumatic Brain Injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Reelin Protein; Serine Endopeptidases; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Silymarin sex-dependently improves cognitive functions and alters TNF-α, BDNF, and glutamate in the hippocampus of mice with mild traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Sex Factors; Silymarin; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2020 |
The leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis suppressed inflammation and nociception in vivo through the modulation of glutamatergic, cGMP, and ATP-sensitive K
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Computer Simulation; Cyclic AMP; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; KATP Channels; Male; Mice; Models, Biological; Nociceptive Pain; Nyctaginaceae; Pain Threshold; Plant Leaves; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Dapsone prolong delayed excitotoxic neuronal cell death by interacting with proapoptotic/survival signaling proteins.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Dapsone; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Signal Transduction | 2020 |
Protective effect of microinjection of glutamate into hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus on chronic visceral hypersensitivity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Kainic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Pain Threshold; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vagus Nerve; Visceral Pain | 2020 |
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Alleviates Anxiety-Like Behavior Induced by Chronic Alcohol Exposure in Mice Involving Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B in the Amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Carbazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Flavones; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Indole Alkaloids; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pyramidal Cells; Receptor, trkB; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2021 |
Elevated GABA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and lower estrogen levels abolish cocaine sensitization behavior in ovariectomized female rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Estradiol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Ovariectomy; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine | 2020 |
Offensive Behavior, Striatal Glutamate Metabolites, and Limbic-Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Responses to Stress in Chronic Anxiety.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hormones; Hypothalamus; Limbic System; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Maze Learning; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Spectrum Analysis; Stress, Physiological; Stress, Psychological | 2020 |
Antitumorigenic Effect of Memantine via Interfering Glutamate Metabolism in Mouse 4T1 Breast Tumor Model.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Glutamic Acid; Memantine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2021 |
Dicaffeoylquinic acids alleviate memory loss via reduction of oxidative stress in stress-hormone-induced depressive mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Cells, Cultured; Corticosterone; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice, Inbred ICR; Monoamine Oxidase; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Quinic Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Electroacupuncture Ameliorates CUMS-induced Depression-like Behavior: Involvement of the Glutamatergic System and Apoptosis in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Apoptosis; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2021 |
Synaptic Dysfunction in Huntington's Disease: Lessons from Genetic Animal Models.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Animal | 2022 |
Alterations of GABA B receptors in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Memory; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroglia; Receptors, GABA-B; Signal Transduction; Spatial Learning | 2021 |
Parabrachial nucleus circuit governs neuropathic pain-like behavior.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neuralgia; Neurons; Nociception; Optogenetics; Parabrachial Nucleus; Peroneal Nerve; Stereotaxic Techniques | 2020 |
Deficient astrocyte metabolism impairs glutamine synthesis and neurotransmitter homeostasis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Astrocytes; Carbon Isotopes; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurotransmitter Agents; Presenilin-1 | 2021 |
Longitudinal GluCEST MRI Changes and Cerebral Blood Flow in 5xFAD Mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Transgenic | 2020 |
Temporal Changes in In Vivo Glutamate Signal during Demyelination and Remyelination in the Corpus Callosum: A Glutamate-Weighted Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging Study.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Axons; Brain; Corpus Callosum; Cuprizone; Demyelinating Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Myelin Sheath; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Remyelination | 2020 |
Protective effect of a spider recombinant toxin in a murine model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle, Skeletal; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Spider Venoms; Spinal Cord | 2021 |
LSP2-9166, an orthosteric mGlu4 and mGlu7 receptor agonist, reduces cocaine self-administration under a progressive ratio schedule in rats.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission | 2021 |
Effects of JL13, a pyridobenzoxazepine compound, in dopaminergic and glutamatergic models of antipsychotic activity.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Oxazepines; Piperazines; Pyridines; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia | 2021 |
CDKL5 deficiency in forebrain glutamatergic neurons results in recurrent spontaneous seizures.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epileptic Syndromes; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Homeodomain Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prosencephalon; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Seizures; Spasms, Infantile; Transcription Factors | 2021 |
Pretreatment with a glutamine synthetase inhibitor MSO delays the onset of initial seizures induced by pilocarpine in juvenile rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Methionine Sulfoximine; Pilocarpine; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 2021 |
Memantine ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by exposure to chronic hypoxia environment at high altitude by inhibiting excitotoxicity.
Topics: Altitude; Altitude Sickness; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cell Death; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Male; Memantine; Memory; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2021 |
Aberrant BCAA and glutamate metabolism linked to regional neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome.
Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex I; Glutamic Acid; Leigh Disease; Male; Metabolome; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Oxidative Phosphorylation | 2021 |
Live Animal Imaging and Cell Sorting Methods for Investigating Neurodegeneration in a C. elegans Excitotoxic Necrosis Model.
Topics: Aging; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Apoptosis; Buffers; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Flow Cytometry; Glutamic Acid; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Mitochondria; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neurotoxins; Risk Factors; RNA; Transcriptome | 2021 |
Guggulsterone ameliorates ethidium bromide-induced experimental model of multiple sclerosis via restoration of behavioral, molecular, neurochemical and morphological alterations in rat brain.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Ethidium; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; PPAR gamma; Pregnenediones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; STAT3 Transcription Factor | 2021 |
MCH-R1 Antagonist GPS18169, a Pseudopeptide, Is a Peripheral Anti-Obesity Agent in Mice.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Alkynes; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Appetite; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; HEK293 Cells; Hepatocytes; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin; Lactams; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Rats; Receptors, Pituitary Hormone; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tissue Distribution; Triazoles | 2021 |
Astrocytes respond to a neurotoxic Aβ fragment with state-dependent Ca
Topics: 3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Peptide Fragments; Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y | 2021 |
Retinal Ganglion Cells Functional Changes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Are Linked with Neurotransmitter Alterations.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photic Stimulation; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2021 |
Nonpeptidergic neurons suppress mast cells via glutamate to maintain skin homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; beta-Alanine; Cells, Cultured; Dermatitis; Diphtheria Toxin; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Integrin beta Chains; Langerhans Cells; Mast Cells; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Skin | 2021 |
TAT delivery of a PTEN peptide inhibitor has direct cardioprotective effects and improves outcomes in rodent models of cardiac arrest.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cardiotonic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Mice; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; PTEN Phosphohydrolase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Taurine | 2021 |
IκB kinase inhibition remodeled connexins, pannexin-1, and excitatory amino-acid transporters expressions to promote neuroprotection of galantamine and morphine.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Brain; Connexins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Galantamine; Glutamic Acid; I-kappa B Kinase; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Morphine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitriles; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sulfones | 2021 |
Hyperactivity is a Core Endophenotype of Elevated Neuregulin-1 Signaling in Embryonic Glutamatergic Networks.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Endophenotypes; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Net; Neuregulin-1; Psychomotor Agitation; Receptor, ErbB-4; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction | 2021 |
Blocking glutamate mGlu
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2021 |
An excitatory lateral hypothalamic circuit orchestrating pain behaviors in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Behavior, Animal; Calcium Signaling; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Female; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Nociception; Optogenetics; Pain; Parvalbumins | 2021 |
Sublingual AKBA Exerts Antidepressant Effects in the Aβ-Treated Mouse Model.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Mice; Treatment Outcome; Triterpenes | 2021 |
The effects of short time hyperoxia on glutamate concentration and glutamate transporters expressions in brain of neonatal rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebellum; Cerebrum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Rats; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2021 |
Akt / GSK3β / Nrf2 / HO-1 pathway activation by flurbiprofen protects the hippocampal neurons in a rat model of glutamate excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Anxiety; Apoptosis; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Elevated Plus Maze Test; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Flurbiprofen; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Hippocampus; Neurons; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Open Field Test; Oxidative Stress; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Signal Transduction; Sodium Glutamate | 2021 |
GLT1 gene delivery based on bone marrow-derived cells ameliorates motor function and survival in a mouse model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biomarkers; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Cell Survival; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Lentivirus; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Motor Activity; Motor Neurons; Muscular Atrophy; Nerve Degeneration; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Survival Analysis | 2021 |
Ceftriaxone regulates glutamate production and vesicular assembly in presynaptic terminals through GLT-1 in APP/PS1 mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Transport System A; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presenilin-1; Presynaptic Terminals; Synaptic Vesicles; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2021 |
CB1R activation in nucleus accumbens core promotes stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking by elevating extracellular glutamate in a drug-paired context.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Extinction, Psychological; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Stress, Physiological | 2021 |
Downregulation of astroglial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in the lateral habenula is associated with depressive-like behaviors in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Habenula; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pars Compacta; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Thalamus; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2021 |
Metabolomic signature of the Dravet syndrome: A genetic mouse model study.
Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epileptic Syndromes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Metabolomics; Mice; NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Seizures; Spasms, Infantile | 2021 |
Synaptotagmin-7-mediated activation of spontaneous NMDAR currents is disrupted in bipolar disorder susceptibility variants.
Topics: Animals; Bipolar Disorder; Calcium; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Hippocampus; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptotagmins | 2021 |
Activation of 5-HT 1b/d receptor restores the cognitive function by reducing glutamate release, deposition of β-amyloid and TLR-4 pathway in the brain of scopolamine-induced dementia in rat.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Oxazolidinones; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; Scopolamine; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Superoxide Dismutase; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Tryptamines | 2021 |
Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for studies on quinolinic acid-induced NMDAR-dependent glutamatergic disorders.
Topics: 1-Octanol; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Caenorhabditis elegans; Citrate (si)-Synthase; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kynurenine; Motor Activity; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Quinolinic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2021 |
Neuropeptide-S affects cognitive impairment and depression-like behavior on MPTP induced experimental mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Cognition; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuropeptides; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease, Secondary | 2021 |
Mitochondrial Protection and Against Glutamate Neurotoxicity via Shh/Ptch1 Signaling Pathway to Ameliorate Cognitive Dysfunction by Kaixin San in Multi-Infarct Dementia Rats.
Topics: Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia, Multi-Infarct; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory Disorders; Mitochondria; Neurons; Patched-1 Receptor; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction | 2021 |
Restoring glutamate receptosome dynamics at synapses rescues autism-like deficits in Shank3-deficient mice.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Endosomes; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Synapses | 2021 |
Effects of Mild Excitotoxic Stimulus on Mitochondria Ca
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ions; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Neurotoxins; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2021 |
Stimulating GABAergic Neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Alters the Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain Responses in a Rat Model of Infraorbital Nerve Injury.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Maxilla; Nervous System Diseases; Nucleus Accumbens; Optogenetics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Thalamus; Trigeminal Neuralgia | 2021 |
mTOR Knockdown in the Infralimbic Cortex Evokes A Depressive-like State in Mouse.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dorsal Raphe Nucleus; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Male; Mice; Prefrontal Cortex; Serotonin; Swimming; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2021 |
Gintonin attenuates depressive-like behaviors associated with alcohol withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Calcium; Catecholamines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Panax; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
A role for the locus coeruleus in the analgesic efficacy of N-acetylaspartylglutamate peptidase (GCPII) inhibitors ZJ43 and 2-PMPA.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Formaldehyde; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Norepinephrine; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urea | 2017 |
In vivo evaluation of the hippocampal glutamate, GABA and the BDNF levels associated with spatial memory performance in a rodent model of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperalgesia; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Microdialysis; Neuralgia; Pain Threshold; Rats; Reaction Time | 2017 |
Mutation of the caspase-3 cleavage site in the astroglial glutamate transporter EAAT2 delays disease progression and extends lifespan in the SOD1-G93A mouse model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies; Mice; Motor Neurons; Mutation; Superoxide Dismutase | 2017 |
Decreased Glutamatergic Activity in the Frontal Cortex of Single Prolonged Stress Model: In vivo and Ex Vivo Proton MR Spectroscopy.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Male; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological | 2017 |
Suppression of SNARE-dependent exocytosis in retinal glial cells and its effect on ischemia-induced neurodegeneration.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Doxycycline; Ependymoglial Cells; Exocytosis; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Intermediate Filaments; Ischemia; Light; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Protein Kinase C-alpha; Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; SNARE Proteins; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A | 2017 |
Genetic silencing of olivocerebellar synapses causes dystonia-like behaviour in mice.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellar Nuclei; Cerebellum; Deep Brain Stimulation; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Gene Drive Technology; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neural Pathways; Olivary Nucleus; Purkinje Cells; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Transcription Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2017 |
Stimulation of the brain serotonin receptor 7 rescues mitochondrial dysfunction in female mice from two models of Rett syndrome.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Histocompatibility Antigens; Horseradish Peroxidase; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondrial Diseases; NADP; Piperazines; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Serotonin; Rett Syndrome; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Superoxide Dismutase | 2017 |
Uncoupling DAPK1 from NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit exerts rapid antidepressant-like effects.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Chronic Disease; Death-Associated Protein Kinases; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phosphorylation; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological | 2018 |
Hydro-ethanolic leaf extract of Ziziphus abyssinica Hochst Ex A. Rich (Rhamnaceae) exhibits anti-nociceptive effects in murine models.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Africa; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Behavior, Animal; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Inflammation; Male; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nociceptive Pain; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Ziziphus | 2017 |
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 mediates the suppressive effect of 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson's disease on liver cancer.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2017 |
Improvement of Antioxidant Defences and Mood Status by Oral GABA Tea Administration in a Mouse Model of Post-Stroke Depression.
Topics: Affect; Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Reproducibility of Results; Stroke; Tea | 2017 |
The Evaluation of BMAA Inhalation as a Potential Exposure Route Using a rat Model.
Topics: Amino Acids, Diamino; Animals; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Inhalation Exposure; Male; Necrosis; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Tritium | 2018 |
Dysfunction of Microglial STAT3 Alleviates Depressive Behavior via Neuron-Microglia Interactions.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Neurons; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Metabolic Characterization of Myocardial Infarction Using GC-MS-Based Tissue Metabolomics.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactic Acid; Male; Metabolomics; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results | 2017 |
Hyperammonemia compromises glutamate metabolism and reduces BDNF in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Hyperammonemia; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Organic Anion Transporters; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Symporters; Urease | 2017 |
Exploiting ROS and metabolic differences to kill cisplatin resistant lung cancer.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Cisplatin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolysis; Heterografts; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactate Dehydrogenase 5; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mitochondria; Models, Biological; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen Consumption; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Riluzole | 2017 |
Differential involvement of vesicular and glial glutamate transporters around spinal α-motoneurons in the pathogenesis of SOD1
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Neuroglia; Presynaptic Terminals; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2017 |
Potentiation of spinal glutamatergic response in the neuron-glia interactions underlies the intrathecal IL-1β-induced thermal hyperalgesia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Imidazoles; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Microglia; Minocycline; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nociceptive Pain; Phosphorylation; Pyridines; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 2017 |
JIEYUANSHEN DECOCTION EXERTS ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS ON DEPRESSIVE RAT MODEL VIA REGULATING HPA AXIS AND THE LEVEL OF AMINO ACIDS NEUROTRANSMITTER.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Chronic Disease; Corticosterone; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Magnoliopsida; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phytotherapy; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; Stress, Psychological | 2017 |
Antinociceptive effect of botulinum toxin A involves alterations in AMPA receptor expression and glutamate release in spinal dorsal horn neurons.
Topics: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Axonal Transport; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Formaldehyde; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nociceptive Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
A non-ionotropic activity of NMDA receptors contributes to glycine-induced neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neuroprotection; Protein Binding; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Severity of Illness Index | 2017 |
Sensitization of TRPV1 and TRPA1 via peripheral mGluR5 signaling contributes to thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity.
Topics: Acetanilides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neurons; Pain; Pain Threshold; Phenylacetates; Physical Stimulation; Purines; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Signal Transduction; Skin; Thiazoles; Trigeminal Ganglion; TRPA1 Cation Channel; TRPV Cation Channels | 2017 |
TRPV4 channels contribute to calcium transients in astrocytes and neurons during peri-infarct depolarizations in a stroke model.
Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 4; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Connexin 43; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Stroke; TRPV Cation Channels | 2017 |
In-vivo effects of knocking-down metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the SOD1
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Motor Neurons; Motor Skills; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sex Factors; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2017 |
Paraflocculus plays a role in salicylate-induced tinnitus.
Topics: Animals; Auditory Cortex; Auditory Pathways; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Salicylate; Time Factors; Tinnitus; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
Glutamatergic system and mTOR-signaling pathway participate in the antidepressant-like effect of inosine in the tail suspension test.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Exploratory Behavior; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Inosine; Male; Mice; Receptors, AMPA; Signal Transduction; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2017 |
AMPAkines and morphine provide complementary analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dioxoles; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Pain Threshold; Pain, Postoperative; Piperidines; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA | 2017 |
Effects of ERK1/2 kinases inactivation on the nigrostriatal system of Krushinsky-Molodkina rats genetically prone to audiogenic seizures.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Aminoacetonitrile; Animals; Auditory Perception; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Neurons; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Seizures; Substantia Nigra; Synapsins | 2017 |
Tonotopic alterations in inhibitory input to the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Auditory Pathways; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Sound Localization; Trapezoid Body; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2017 |
Differential electrophysiological and morphological alterations of thalamostriatal and corticostriatal projections in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Electron; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Optogenetics; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Thalamus; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Aripiprazole and Riluzole treatment alters behavior and neurometabolites in young ADHD rats: a longitudinal
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Aspartic Acid; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Riluzole | 2017 |
SIRT2 inhibition reverses anhedonia in the VGLUT1+/- depression model.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Histone Deacetylases; Imipramine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Sirtuin 2; Stress, Psychological; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2017 |
The protective effects of electro-acupuncture in thoracic surgery on trauma stressed rats involve the rostral ventrolateral medulla and supraoptic nucleus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Postoperative Complications; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological; Supraoptic Nucleus; Taurine; Thoracic Surgical Procedures | 2017 |
Effect of teriflunomide on cortex-basal ganglia-thalamus (CxBGTh) circuit glutamatergic dysregulation in the Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cell Line; Corpus Callosum; Crotonates; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxybutyrates; Mesocricetus; Mice; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelitis; Nitriles; Thalamus; Toluidines | 2017 |
Contrasting effects of vortioxetine and paroxetine on pineal gland biochemistry in a tryptophan-depletion model of depression in female rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Melatonin; Norepinephrine; Paroxetine; Pineal Gland; Piperazines; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA-Binding Proteins; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Sulfides; Tryptophan; Vortioxetine | 2017 |
CRF modulates glutamate transmission in the central amygdala of naïve and ethanol-dependent rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Central Nervous System Depressants; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Abnormal striatal plasticity in a DYT11/SGCE myoclonus dystonia mouse model is reversed by adenosine A2A receptor inhibition.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonic Disorders; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice, 129 Strain; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; RNA, Messenger; Sarcoglycans; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
NSCs promote hippocampal neurogenesis, metabolic changes and synaptogenesis in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cognition Disorders; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis; Synapses | 2017 |
Neuroprotective effects of a Coeloglossum viride var. Bracteatum extract in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Orchidaceae; Oxidative Stress; Parkinson Disease; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Plant Extracts; Protein Kinase C; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats | 2017 |
Microglia may compensate for dopaminergic neuron loss in experimental Parkinsonism through selective elimination of glutamatergic synapses from the subthalamic nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microglia; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phagocytosis; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Subthalamic Nucleus; Sympatholytics; Synapses | 2017 |
Periaqueductal Gray Glutamatergic Transmission Governs Chronic Stress-Induced Depression.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
(S)-Oxiracetam is the Active Ingredient in Oxiracetam that Alleviates the Cognitive Impairment Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia, Vascular; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spatial Learning; Spatial Memory; Stereoisomerism; White Matter | 2017 |
Accelerated Healing of Diabetic Wounds Treated with L-Glutamic acid Loaded Hydrogels Through Enhanced Collagen Deposition and Angiogenesis: An In Vivo Study.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Collagen; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogels; Immunohistochemistry; Materials Testing; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Rats; Spectrum Analysis; Wound Healing | 2017 |
Cortical functional hyperconnectivity in a mouse model of depression and selective network effects of ketamine.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Social Behavior; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging | 2017 |
Altered serotonergic and GABAergic neurotransmission in a mice model of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neural Pathways; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
The neurobiological bases of autism spectrum disorders: the R451C-neuroligin 3 mutation hampers the expression of long-term synaptic depression in the dorsal striatum.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Endocannabinoids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Picrotoxin; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 | 2018 |
Magnesium Sulfate Prevents Neurochemical and Long-Term Behavioral Consequences of Neonatal Excitotoxic Lesions: Comparison Between Male and Female Mice.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Functional Laterality; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Longitudinal Studies; Magnesium Sulfate; Male; Mice; Motor Skills; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Sex Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2017 |
Neurochemical and behavioral characterization of neuronal glutamate transporter EAAT3 heterozygous mice.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Heterozygote; Male; Mice; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder | 2017 |
Testing the excitation/inhibition imbalance hypothesis in a mouse model of the autism spectrum disorder: in vivo neurospectroscopy and molecular evidence for regional phenotypes.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibition, Psychological; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Neurofibromin 1; Organ Specificity; Receptors, GABA; Viral Proteins | 2017 |
Amino acid modulation of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens mediates sex differences in nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sex Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2018 |
SSa ameliorates the Glu uptaking capacity of astrocytes in epilepsy via AP-1/miR-155/GLAST.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; MicroRNAs; Oleanolic Acid; Pentylenetetrazole; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats, Wistar; Saponins; Transcription Factor AP-1 | 2017 |
Dephosphorylation is the mechanism of fibroblast growth factor inhibition of guanylyl cyclase-B.
Topics: Animals; Chondrocytes; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Dwarfism; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; Phosphorylation; Rats; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Signal Transduction | 2017 |
Dopamine induces glutamate accumulation in astrocytes to disrupt neuronal function leading to pathogenesis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Maze Learning; Microdialysis; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Thioacetamide | 2017 |
Gabapentin Prevents Progressive Increases in Excitatory Connectivity and Epileptogenesis Following Neocortical Trauma.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gabapentin; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lasers; Male; Neocortex; Neural Pathways; Rats | 2018 |
The β-lactam clavulanic acid mediates glutamate transport-sensitive pain relief in a rat model of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Astrocytes; Ceftriaxone; Cells, Cultured; Clavulanic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuralgia; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 2018 |
Disease-modifying effects of ganglioside GM1 in Huntington's disease models.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Ferritins; G(M1) Ganglioside; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Infusions, Intraventricular; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microfilament Proteins; Serotonin; Survival Rate | 2017 |
[Effect of Acupuncture at "Taichong"(LR 3) and "Neiguan"(PC 6) on Blood Pressure and Contents of Aspartic Acid and Glutamic Acid in the Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla in Spontaneous Hypertension Rats].
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Wistar | 2017 |
Modification of the natural progression of epileptogenesis by means of biperiden in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Biperiden; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Epilepsy; Exploratory Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Muscarinic Agonists; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2017 |
The anticonvulsant activity and cerebral protection of chronic lithium chloride via NMDA receptor/nitric oxide and phospho-ERK.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lithium Chloride; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Pentylenetetrazole; Phosphorylation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures | 2018 |
Kainate receptor mediated presynaptic LTP in agranular insular cortex contributes to fear and anxiety in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Cerebral Cortex; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Exploratory Behavior; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Valine | 2018 |
Pathway-Specific Control of Striatal Neuron Vulnerability by Corticostriatal Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
Oligomer-prone E57K-mutant alpha-synuclein exacerbates integration deficit of adult hippocampal newborn neurons in transgenic mice.
Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Bromodeoxyuridine; Caspase 3; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Mutation; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; SOXB1 Transcription Factors | 2018 |
Selective killing of
Topics: Amines; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred ICR; Organ Specificity; Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical; Static Electricity; Stomach | 2017 |
Membrane cholesterol depletion in cortical neurons highlights altered NMDA receptor functionality in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cell Membrane; Cell Survival; Cholesterol; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Membrane Microdomains; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Proteomics; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2018 |
The administration of hydrogen sulphide prior to ischemic reperfusion has neuroprotective effects in an acute stroke model.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke; Taurine | 2017 |
Rosiglitazone Infusion Therapy Following Minimally Invasive Surgery for Intracranial Hemorrhage Evacuation Decreased Perihematomal Glutamate Content and Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillary Permeability; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemic Agents; Intracranial Hemorrhages; Male; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; PPAR gamma; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Rosiglitazone; Thiazolidinediones | 2018 |
PACAP-(6-38) or kynurenate microinjections in the RVLM prevent the development of sympathetic long-term facilitation after acute intermittent hypoxia.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Peptide Fragments; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sympathetic Nervous System; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2018 |
Dendrimer-mediated delivery of N-acetyl cysteine to microglia in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Brain; Cytokines; Dendrimers; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Lipopolysaccharides; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Mutation; Rett Syndrome; Tissue Distribution | 2017 |
Constitutive downregulation protein kinase C epsilon in hSOD1
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cations, Divalent; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Protein Kinase C-epsilon; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Transgenic; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2018 |
Effects of vortioxetine on biomarkers associated with glutamatergic activity in an SSRI insensitive model of depression in female rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biomarkers; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Paroxetine; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Vortioxetine | 2018 |
Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)-mediated glutamate release and membrane GluA1 activation is involved in the rapid antidepressant-like effects of scopolamine in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Cholinergic Antagonists; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fasting; Feeding Behavior; Food Preferences; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, AMPA; Saccharin; Scopolamine; Social Behavior; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Water Deprivation | 2018 |
Long-Term Administration of Queen Bee Acid (QBA) to Rodents Reduces Anxiety-Like Behavior, Promotes Neuronal Health and Improves Body Composition.
Topics: Adiposity; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Body Composition; Bone Density; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exploratory Behavior; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sex Factors; Time Factors; Weight Gain | 2017 |
Comprehensive characterization of neurochemicals in three zebrafish chemical models of human acute organophosphorus poisoning using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Histamine; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Organophosphate Poisoning; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Zebrafish | 2018 |
Hippocampal metabolic differences implicate distinctions between physical and psychological stress in four rat models of depression.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Helplessness, Learned; Hippocampus; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological; Stress, Psychological | 2018 |
Role for VGLUT2 in selective vulnerability of midbrain dopamine neurons.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Drosophila melanogaster; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Parkinson Disease; Substantia Nigra; Transgenes; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2018 |
Soybean-Derived Phytoalexins Improve Cognitive Function through Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Amnesia; Animals; Antioxidant Response Elements; Cell Death; Cell Nucleus; Cell Separation; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycine max; Heme Oxygenase-1; Humans; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Phytoalexins; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Transport; Pterocarpans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Scopolamine; Sesquiterpenes; Signal Transduction; Transcriptional Activation | 2018 |
Role of miR-34c in the cognitive function of epileptic rats induced by pentylenetetrazol.
Topics: Animals; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; MicroRNAs; Oligoribonucleotides; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
Microfluidics-Based Subretinal Chemical Neuromodulation of Photoreceptor Degenerated Retinas.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Biomimetics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microfluidics; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photic Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Transgenic; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Tissue Array Analysis | 2018 |
Metabolomics-based mechanisms exploration of Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction on cerebral ischemia via UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis on rat serum.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; Brain; Chromatography, Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inflammation Mediators; Least-Squares Analysis; Male; Metabolomics; Multivariate Analysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Principal Component Analysis; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 2018 |
SRR intronic variation inhibits expression of its neighbouring SMG6 gene and protects against temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Computational Biology; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Introns; Luciferases; Male; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Racemases and Epimerases; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine; Signal Transduction; Telomerase | 2018 |
Antinociceptive profiles and mechanisms of centrally administered oxyntomodulin in various mouse pain models.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nociception; Oxyntomodulin; Pain; Rotarod Performance Test; Spinal Cord; Substance P | 2018 |
Chronic Methylphenidate Alters Tonic and Phasic Glutamate Signaling in the Frontal Cortex of a Freely-Moving Rat Model of ADHD.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Electrodes, Implanted; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methylphenidate; Movement; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Signal Transduction; Species Specificity | 2019 |
Early life stress determines the effects of glucocorticoids and stress on hippocampal function: Electrophysiological and behavioral evidence respectively.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Conditioning, Psychological; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fear; Female; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Recognition, Psychology; Silver Staining; Stress, Psychological | 2018 |
In vivo GluCEST MRI: Reproducibility, background contribution and source of glutamate changes in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Biological Transport; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Neostriatum; Neuroglia; Parkinson Disease; Reproducibility of Results | 2018 |
NMDA-Type Glutamate Receptor Activation Promotes Vascular Remodeling and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Endothelin-1; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Lung; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Rats; Receptors, Endothelin; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Vascular Remodeling | 2018 |
Astaxanthin protects against kainic acid-induced seizures and pathological consequences.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Xanthophylls | 2018 |
Astrocytic JWA deletion exacerbates dopaminergic neurodegeneration by decreasing glutamate transporters in mice.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Carrier Proteins; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Knockout Techniques; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; MPTP Poisoning; Neurogenesis; Neurotoxins; Paraquat; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; STAT3 Transcription Factor | 2018 |
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Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Anticonvulsants; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Epilepsy; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oxidation-Reduction; Pilocarpine; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2018 |
Paradoxical kinesia induced by appetitive 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats depends on glutamatergic mechanisms in the inferior colliculus.
Topics: Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Catalepsy; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Modulators; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Inferior Colliculi; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Ultrasonics; Vocalization, Animal | 2018 |
Circuit-selective properties of glutamatergic inputs to the rat prelimbic cortex and their alterations in neuropathic pain.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Channelrhodopsins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neuralgia; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Thalamus; Valine | 2018 |
Behavioral effects of toll-like receptor-4 antagonist 'eritoran' in an experimental model of depression: role of prefrontal and hippocampal neurogenesis and γ-aminobutyric acid/glutamate balance.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disaccharides; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Neurogenesis; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological; Sugar Phosphates; Toll-Like Receptor 4 | 2018 |
Regionally Specific Effects of Oxytocin on Reinstatement of Cocaine Seeking in Male and Female Rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Oxytocin; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reinforcement, Psychology | 2018 |
Effects of cariprazine on extracellular levels of glutamate, GABA, dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin in the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat phencyclidine model of schizophrenia studied by microdialysis and simultaneous recordings of locomotor acti
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Locomotion; Male; Microdialysis; Norepinephrine; Phencyclidine; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Serotonin | 2018 |
Monosodium glutamate ingestion during the development period reduces aggression mediated by the vagus nerve in a rat model of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anxiety; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Flavoring Agents; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neurons; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Glutamate; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 2018 |
Effect of pioglitazone and simvastatin in lipopolysaccharide-induced amyloidogenesis and cognitive impairment in mice: possible role of glutamatergic pathway and oxidative stress.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Glutamic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitrates; Oxidative Stress; Peptide Fragments; Pioglitazone; Recognition, Psychology; Signal Transduction; Simvastatin | 2019 |
Changes in the hippocampal and peripheral phospholipid profiles are associated with neurodegeneration hallmarks in a long-term global cerebral ischemia model: Attenuation by Linalool.
Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Monoterpenes; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Phospholipids; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function | 2018 |
Longitudinal Structural and Functional Brain Network Alterations in a Mouse Model of Neuropathic Pain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Multimodal Imaging; Neural Pathways; Neuralgia; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Time Factors | 2018 |
Amyloid fibrils induce dysfunction of hippocampal glutamatergic silent synapses.
Topics: Amyloid; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cofilin 1; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Electric Stimulation; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2018 |
Protective effect and mechanism of injection of glutamate into cerebellum fastigial nucleus on chronic visceral hypersensitivity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Cerebellum; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Injections; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Visceral Pain | 2018 |
The Effects of Exposure to Mephedrone During Adolescence on Brain Neurotransmission and Neurotoxicity in Adult Rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Comet Assay; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methamphetamine; Microdialysis; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 2018 |
Synaptic phospholipids as a new target for cortical hyperexcitability and E/I balance in psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketamine; Lysophospholipids; Mental Disorders; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Inhibition; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Proteoglycans; Psychotropic Drugs; Synapses; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2018 |
Integrative Characterization of the R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease Reveals Dysfunctional Astrocyte Metabolism.
Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Neurotransmitter Agents; Proteome | 2018 |
Inter-individual differences in serotonin and glutamate co-transmission reflect differentiation in context-induced conditioned 50-kHz USVs response after morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Ultrasonic Waves; Vocalization, Animal | 2018 |
Glutamate and GABA in autism spectrum disorder-a translational magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in man and rodent models.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Prefrontal Cortex; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats, Transgenic | 2018 |
The Gut Microbiota Mediates the Anti-Seizure Effects of the Ketogenic Diet.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteroides; Diet, Ketogenic; Disease Models, Animal; Feces; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intestinal Mucosa; Kv1.1 Potassium Channel; Metabolome; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Knockout; Principal Component Analysis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seizures | 2018 |
In Vivo Multidimensional Brain Imaging in Huntington's Disease Animal Models.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Contrast Media; Disease Models, Animal; Functional Neuroimaging; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Intravital Microscopy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Imaging; Primates; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy | 2018 |
Does prolonged severe hypercapnia interfere with normal cerebrovascular function in piglets?
Topics: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arterioles; Biomarkers; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelins; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypercapnia; Isoproterenol; Male; Nitroprusside; Pia Mater; Swine; Vasoconstriction; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents | 2018 |
Median preoptic nucleus excitatory neurotransmitters in the maintenance of hypertensive state.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Male; Preoptic Area; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neurotransmitter | 2018 |
(2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine rescues chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior through its actions in the midbrain periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Cell Membrane; Cytosol; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Helplessness, Learned; Ketamine; Male; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neurons; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2018 |
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Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Coffee; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Ondansetron; Pain; Pain Measurement; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Serotonin | 2018 |
Biochemical autoregulatory gene therapy for focal epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsies, Partial; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Mice; Rats | 2018 |
Motor neuron-derived microRNAs cause astrocyte dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; MicroRNAs; Motor Neurons; Neuroglia | 2018 |
Possible prophylactic anti-excitotoxic and anti-oxidant effects of virgin coconut oil on aluminium chloride-induced Alzheimer's in rat models.
Topics: Aluminum Chloride; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Cerebral Cortex; Coconut Oil; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory, Short-Term; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Recognition, Psychology | 2018 |
Intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease-like sleep disorders in rats: Role of the GABAergic system in the parabrachial complex.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Arousal; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Maze Learning; Parabrachial Nucleus; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sleep Wake Disorders; Streptozocin | 2018 |
Selective deletion of glutamine synthetase in the mouse cerebral cortex induces glial dysfunction and vascular impairment that precede epilepsy and neurodegeneration.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Neuroglia; Receptors, Glutamate | 2019 |
Chronic Toxoplasma infection is associated with distinct alterations in the synaptic protein composition.
Topics: Animals; Antiprotozoal Agents; Brain; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Mass Spectrometry; Membrane Proteins; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Proteomics; RNA, Messenger; Sulfadiazine; Synapses; Synaptosomes; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis, Animal | 2018 |
Forebrain medial septum sustains experimental neuropathic pain.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neuralgia; Nociception; Pain Measurement; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Septal Nuclei | 2018 |
Glutamatergic Alterations in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats Are Reversed by Exendin-4.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Exenatide; Glutamic Acid; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycosylation; Hippocampus; Male; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Pyruvaldehyde; Rats, Wistar; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Streptozocin; Synaptic Transmission | 2019 |
Antinociceptive Effects of Cardamonin in Mice: Possible Involvement of TRPV₁, Glutamate, and Opioid Receptors.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Chalcones; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mice; Pain; Plant Extracts; Receptors, Opioid; TRPV Cation Channels; Zingiberaceae | 2018 |
Echinacoside, an Active Constituent of Cistanche Herba, Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect in a Kainic Acid Rat Model by Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes and Activating the Akt/GSK3β Pathway.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cistanche; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Glycosides; Inflammation; Kainic Acid; Male; Microglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Phosphorylation; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Signal Transduction | 2018 |
UPR activation specifically modulates glutamate neurotransmission in the cerebellum of a mouse model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, 129 Strain; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Synaptic Transmission; Unfolded Protein Response | 2018 |
Targeting VGLUT2 in Mature Dopamine Neurons Decreases Mesoaccumbal Glutamatergic Transmission and Identifies a Role for Glutamate Co-release in Synaptic Plasticity by Increasing Baseline AMPA/NMDA Ratio.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Dopaminergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Optogenetics; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Substance-Related Disorders; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2018 |
Pharmacological basis for application of scutellarin in Alzheimer's disease: Antioxidation and antiapoptosis.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Apigenin; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Biomarkers; Caspase 3; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Glucuronates; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2018 |
Clustering the autisms using glutamate synapse protein interaction networks from cortical and hippocampal tissue of seven mouse models.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Cluster Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Frontal Lobe; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Protein Interaction Maps; Proteomics; Synapses | 2018 |
GLS hyperactivity causes glutamate excess, infantile cataract and profound developmental delay.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Brain; Cataract; Child, Preschool; Developmental Disabilities; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibroblasts; Gain of Function Mutation; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Zebrafish | 2019 |
Calpain2 but not calpain1 mediated by calpastatin following glutamate-induced regulated necrosis in rat retinal neurons.
Topics: Animals; Calpain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Neurons | 2019 |
Astaxanthin attenuates neuroinflammation contributed to the neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction following compression spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Male; Motor Disorders; Neuralgia; Neuroimmunomodulation; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Xanthophylls | 2018 |
Regenerative glutamate release in the hippocampus of Rett syndrome model mice.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium Channels; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Knockout Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels; Male; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Neurons; Rett Syndrome | 2018 |
Repetitive neonatal pain and reduced maternal care alter brain neurochemistry.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2018 |
Single copy/knock-in models of ALS SOD1 in C. elegans suggest loss and gain of function have different contributions to cholinergic and glutamatergic neurodegeneration.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Base Sequence; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Cholinergic Neurons; CRISPR-Cas Systems; Disease Models, Animal; Gain of Function Mutation; Gene Frequency; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Loss of Function Mutation; Motor Neurons; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2018 |
Attenuation of glutamatergic and nitrergic system contributes to the antidepressant-like effect induced by capsazepine in the forced swimming test.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Apomorphine; Arginine; Capsaicin; Cyclic GMP; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Enzyme Inhibitors; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Statistics, Nonparametric; Swimming | 2019 |
Targeting ulcerative colitis by suppressing glucose uptake with ritonavir.
Topics: Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Colitis, Ulcerative; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Leukocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Principal Component Analysis; Ritonavir | 2018 |
phMRI, neurochemical and behavioral responses to psychostimulants distinguishing genetically selected alcohol-preferring from genetically heterogenous rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Functional Neuroimaging; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Locomotion; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Self Administration | 2019 |
Effects of Ethanol Exposure on the Neurochemical Profile of a Transgenic Mouse Model with Enhanced Glutamate Release Using In Vivo
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Receptors, Glutamate | 2019 |
Chemogenetic activation of glutamatergic neurons in the motor cortex promotes functional recovery after ischemic stroke in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Stroke | 2019 |
Prefrontal cortex miR-29b-3p plays a key role in the antidepressant-like effect of ketamine in rats.
Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Silencing; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; MicroRNAs; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; RNA Interference; Stress, Psychological | 2018 |
A proteomics-metabolomics approach indicates changes in hypothalamic glutamate-GABA metabolism of adult female rats submitted to intrauterine growth restriction.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Metabolomics; Pregnancy; Proteomics; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2019 |
Non-canonical activation of CREB mediates neuroprotection in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of excitotoxic necrosis.
Topics: Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotection; Neurotoxins | 2019 |
Ceftriaxone Improves Cognitive Function and Upregulates GLT-1-Related Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle in APP/PS1 Mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presenilin-1; Up-Regulation | 2018 |
Metabolite differences between glutamate carboxypeptidase II gene knockout mice and their wild-type littermates after traumatic brain injury: a 7-tesla
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice, Knockout; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy | 2018 |
Neuro-metabolite profiles of rodent models of psychiatric dysfunctions characterised by MR spectroscopy.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Choline; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Memantine; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose; Taurine | 2019 |
Nurr1 (NR4A2) regulates Alzheimer's disease-related pathogenesis and cognitive function in the 5XFAD mouse model.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amodiaquine; Animals; Brain; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2; Postmortem Changes | 2019 |
Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase B Receptor Activation in the Locus Coeruleus Restores Impairment of Endogenous Analgesia at a Late Stage Following Nerve Injury in Rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Flavones; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Neuralgia; Pregabalin; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, trkB; Spinal Nerves | 2019 |
Blood glutamate EAAT
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Rats; Transfection | 2019 |
Synaptic adaptations in the central amygdala and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus associated with protracted ethanol abstinence in male rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Macaca mulatta; Male; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Patch-Clamp Techniques | 2019 |
Down-expressed GLT-1 in PSD astrocytes inhibits synaptic formation of NSC-derived neurons in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Differentiation; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Neural Stem Cells; Neurons; Rats; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation | 2019 |
Investigation of the neuroprotective effects of crocin via antioxidant activities in HT22 cells and in mice with Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Calcium; Carotenoids; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mitochondria; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Pyramidal Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2019 |
Gene expression, proteome and calcium signaling alterations in immortalized hippocampal astrocytes from an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Protein Interaction Maps; Proteome; Synaptic Transmission; Transfection | 2019 |
Lidocaine protects neurons of the spinal cord in an excitotoxicity model.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Lidocaine; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2019 |
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartic Acid Receptor 2 (Anti-NR2) Antibody in Neuropsychiatric Lupus Serum Damages the Blood-Brain Barrier and Enters the Brain.
Topics: Animals; Autoantibodies; Biological Transport; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Capillary Permeability; China; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Impedance; Endothelial Cells; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System; Male; Microvessels; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2019 |
[Altered Expression of Neurotransmitters Systems' Genes in the Ventral Tegmental Area of Depressive Male Mice: Data of RNA-Seq].
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Serotonin; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2017 |
Commonalities and differences in extracellular levels of hippocampal acetylcholine and amino acid neurotransmitters during status epilepticus and subsequent epileptogenesis in two rat models of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lysine; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pilocarpine; Rats; Scopolamine; Seizures; Status Epilepticus; Temporal Lobe | 2019 |
Nitrergic signaling modulation by ascorbic acid treatment is responsible for anxiolysis in mouse model of anxiety.
Topics: Affect; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Ascorbic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Motor Activity; Nitrates; Nitrergic Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Signal Transduction | 2019 |
Brain metabolism modulates neuronal excitability in a mouse model of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency.
Topics: Acetates; Algorithms; Animals; Brain; Carbon Isotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Gamma Rhythm; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Machine Learning; Mice; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Deficiency Disease; Seizures; Vibrissae | 2019 |
Neuroprotective effects of MK-801 on auditory cortex in salicylate-induced tinnitus: Involvement of neural activity, glutamate and ascorbate.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Auditory Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Administration Schedule; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Salicylate; Tinnitus | 2019 |
Basolateral amygdala input to the medial prefrontal cortex controls obsessive-compulsive disorder-like checking behavior.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Prefrontal Cortex | 2019 |
Gabapentin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Diabetic Rat Retina.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Apoptosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Models, Animal; Gabapentin; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Streptozocin; Transaminases | 2019 |
Low dosage chloroquine protects retinal ganglion cells against glutamate-induced cell death.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antirheumatic Agents; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Chloroquine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Treatment Outcome | 2019 |
Molecular mechanism of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 on glucocorticoid receptor mediated glutamate/GABA imbalance and cerebral abnormalities against cognitive deficit model.
Topics: Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Neuropeptides; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Stress, Psychological | 2019 |
Combination of chick embryo and nutrient mixture prevent D-galactose-induced cognitive deficits, immune impairment and oxidative stress in aging rat model.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Antioxidants; B-Lymphocytes; Body Weight; Brain; Chick Embryo; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Galactose; Glutamic Acid; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-4; Lipopolysaccharides; Liver; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; NF-kappa B; Nutrients; Ovum; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spleen; Stem Cell Factor; Toll-Like Receptor 4 | 2019 |
The Familial dementia gene ITM2b/BRI2 facilitates glutamate transmission via both presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Animals; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Potentials | 2019 |
Animal models of chronic pain increase spontaneous glutamatergic transmission in adult rat spinal dorsal horn in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation; Male; Membrane Potentials; Models, Neurological; Neuralgia; Neuronal Plasticity; Nociception; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn; Substantia Gelatinosa; Synaptic Transmission | 2019 |
The Metabolomic Signature of Opa1 Deficiency in Rat Primary Cortical Neurons Shows Aspartate/Glutamate Depletion and Phospholipids Remodeling.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Glutamic Acid; GTP Phosphohydrolases; Humans; Metabolomics; Neurons; Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant; Phospholipids; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; RNA, Small Interfering | 2019 |
Chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression-like behaviours and glutamate-glutamine cycling dysfunctions in both blood and brain of mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Mice, Inbred Strains; Stress, Psychological | 2019 |
Neural stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles attenuate apoptosis and neuroinflammation after traumatic spinal cord injury by activating autophagy.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Beclin-1; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Vesicles; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Locomotion; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neural Stem Cells; Neurons; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2019 |
The Anticonvulsant Effects of Baldrinal on Pilocarpine-Induced convulsion in Adult Male Mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iridoids; Mice; Pilocarpine; Seizures | 2019 |
Cerebral mapping of glutamate using chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging in a rat model of stress-induced sleep disturbance at 7.0T.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Prospective Studies; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sleep Wake Disorders; Stress, Psychological | 2019 |
Acetylcholine receptor agonist effect on seizure activity and GABAergic mechanisms involved in prolonged febrile seizure development in an animal model.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Cholinergic Agonists; Disease Models, Animal; Female; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Seizures, Febrile; Synaptic Transmission | 2019 |
Increased expression of the P2X7 receptor in temporal lobe epilepsy: Animal models and clinical evidence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Up-Regulation; Young Adult | 2019 |
Quercetin alleviates the injury-induced decrease of protein phosphatase 2A subunit B in cerebral ischemic animal model and glutamate-exposed HT22 cells.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Phosphatase 2; Quercetin; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2019 |
In vivo glutamate clearance defects in a mouse model of Lafora disease.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lafora Disease; Mice; Mice, Knockout | 2019 |
The loss of β adrenergic receptor mediated release potentiation in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 2019 |
Desferrioxamine and dextromethorphan combination exhibited synergistic effect and reversed the catalepsy behaviour in 6-hydroxydopamine hydroydopamine administered rats through regulating brain glutamate levels.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Catalepsy; Corpus Striatum; Deferoxamine; Dextromethorphan; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxydopamines; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2019 |
Memantine ameliorates learning and memory disturbance and the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in thiamine-deficient mice.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Monoamines; Body Weight; Dementia; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Memantine; Memory; Mice; Thiamine Deficiency | 2019 |
Activated peripheral blood mononuclear cell mediators trigger astrocyte reactivity.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Central Nervous System; Databases, Genetic; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Neurons; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Signal Transduction | 2019 |
Antagonizing α7 nicotinic receptors with methyllycaconitine (MLA) potentiates receptor activity and memory acquisition.
Topics: Aconitine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Long-Term Potentiation; Memory; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Receptors, Nicotinic | 2019 |
Microglia in the Primary Somatosensory Barrel Cortex Mediate Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Mice; Microglia; Neuralgia; Neurons; Somatosensory Cortex | 2019 |
Effect of cannabidiol on endocannabinoid, glutamatergic and GABAergic signalling markers in male offspring of a maternal immune activation (poly I:C) model relevant to schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Cannabidiol; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Poly I-C; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction | 2019 |
Obesity remodels activity and transcriptional state of a lateral hypothalamic brake on feeding.
Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Mice; Neurons; Obesity; Reward; Transcriptome; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2019 |
Development of an underivatized LC-MS/MS method for quantitation of 14 neurotransmitters in rat hippocampus, plasma and urine: Application to CUMS induced depression rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Chemical Analysis; Chromatography, Liquid; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Limit of Detection; Linear Models; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Urinalysis | 2019 |
Protein kinase C is involved in the neuroprotective effect of berberine against intrastriatal injection of quinolinic acid-induced biochemical alteration in mice.
Topics: Animals; Berberine; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Male; Mice; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Protein Kinase C; Quinolinic Acid; Signal Transduction | 2019 |
Accumbens neuroimmune signaling and dysregulation of astrocytic glutamate transport underlie conditioned nicotine-seeking behavior.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Astrocytes; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Administration; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2020 |
Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction underlies social deficits in Shank3 mutant mice.
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Dioxoles; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Grooming; Gyrus Cinguli; Interpersonal Relations; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microfilament Proteins; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Optogenetics; Piperidines; Pyramidal Cells; Receptors, AMPA; Social Behavior; Synapses | 2019 |
Loss of Non-Apoptotic Role of Caspase-3 in the PINK1 Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.
Topics: Animals; Caspase 3; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopaminergic Neurons; Enzyme Activation; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neuronal Plasticity; Parkinson Disease; Protein Kinases | 2019 |
Cessation of fluoxetine treatment increases alcohol seeking during relapse and dysregulates endocannabinoid and glutamatergic signaling in the central amygdala.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Disease Models, Animal; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Endocannabinoids; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recurrence; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Temporal effect of acupuncture on amino acid neurotransmitters in rats with acute cerebral ischaemia.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2019 |
Enhanced Glutamatergic Currents at Birth in Shank3 KO Mice.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Autism Spectrum Disorder; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells | 2019 |
Chronic subconvulsive activity during early postnatal life produces autistic behavior in the absence of neurotoxicity in the juvenile weanling period.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Interpersonal Relations; Kainic Acid; Male; Phenotype; Rats; Sex Factors; Social Behavior; Social Environment | 2019 |
Neurochemical investigation of multiple locally induced seizures using microdialysis sampling: Epilepsy effects on glutamate release.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 2019 |
Stress- and antidepressant treatment-induced modifications of 5-HT₇ receptor functions in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebral Cortex; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Subventricular zone-derived neural stem cell grafts protect against hippocampal degeneration and restore cognitive function in the mouse following intrahippocampal kainic acid administration.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Kainic Acid; Lentivirus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Spheroids, Cellular; Time Factors; Transduction, Genetic | 2013 |
Serotonin facilitates peripheral pain sensitivity in a manner that depends on the nonproton ligand sensing domain of ASIC3 channel.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ligands; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuralgia; Neurons; Pain Threshold; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Protons; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C; Serotonin; Serotonin Agents; Spinal Cord; Transfection; Tritium | 2013 |
Critical role of the astrocyte for functional remodeling in contralateral hemisphere of somatosensory cortex after stroke.
Topics: Aminomethyltransferase; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; RNA, Messenger; Somatosensory Cortex; Stroke; Time Factors; Vibrissae | 2013 |
Central mineralocorticoid receptors and the role of angiotensin II and glutamate in the paraventricular nucleus of rats with angiotensin II-induced hypertension.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Eplerenone; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Infusions, Intravenous; Infusions, Intraventricular; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; Signal Transduction; Spironolactone; Tetrazoles | 2013 |
The role of the neuropeptide somatostatin on methamphetamine and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in the striatum of mice.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Fluoresceins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Microinjections; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Neurotoxins; Nitric Oxide; Octreotide; Somatostatin; Tyrosine; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2013 |
Hijacking the neuronal NMDAR signaling circuit to promote tumor growth and invasion.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment | 2013 |
Reduced extracellular zinc levels facilitate glutamate-mediated oligodendrocyte death after trauma.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; NF-kappa B; Oligodendroglia; Spinal Cord Injuries; Zinc | 2013 |
Neuromodulatory effect of progesterone on the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic activities in a male rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Parkinson Disease; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2013 |
Imaging patients with psychosis and a mouse model establishes a spreading pattern of hippocampal dysfunction and implicates glutamate as a driver.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Atrophy; Brain Mapping; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Ketamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Psychotic Disorders; Time Factors | 2013 |
Decreased expression of GLT-1 in the R6/2 model of Huntington's disease does not worsen disease progression.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presynaptic Terminals | 2013 |
Restoration of retinal structure and function after selective photocoagulation.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Lasers; Light Coagulation; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Photoreceptor Cells; Rabbits; Recovery of Function; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vision, Ocular; Visual Pathways | 2013 |
Impaired motor learning attributed to altered AMPA receptor function in the cerebellum of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy: ameliorating effects of Withania somnifera and withanolide A.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Learning Disabilities; Linear Models; Locomotion; Male; Motor Activity; Phytotherapy; Pilocarpine; Protein Binding; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Tritium; Withania; Withanolides | 2013 |
Brain mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction and glutamate level reduction in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy in mice.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mitochondria; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pilocarpine | 2013 |
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)-induced chronic gliosis and retinal stress lead to neurodegeneration in a mouse model of retinopathy.
Topics: Amacrine Cells; Animals; Apoptosis; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microglia; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Oxidative Stress; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Signal Transduction; Tissue Culture Techniques; Transcriptome | 2013 |
Hypofunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the periaqueductal gray contributes to nerve-injury-induced neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuralgia; Neurons; Pain Measurement; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Spinal Nerves; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2013 |
Dysregulation of corticostriatal ascorbate release and glutamate uptake in transgenic models of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Biological Transport; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic | 2013 |
In vivo neurometabolic profiling to characterize the effects of social isolation and ketamine-induced NMDA antagonism: a rodent study at 7.0 T.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Gyrus Cinguli; Ketamine; Prefrontal Cortex; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Isolation | 2014 |
EPAC inhibition of SUR1 receptor increases glutamate release and seizure vulnerability.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; KATP Channels; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Probability; Protein Binding; Quinoxalines; Synaptosomes; Transduction, Genetic | 2013 |
Reversal of behavioral deficits and synaptic dysfunction in mice overexpressing neuregulin 1.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Mice, Transgenic; Neuregulin-1; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Distribution | 2013 |
Attenuation of neurological injury with early baicalein treatment following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Malondialdehyde; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Superoxide Dismutase | 2013 |
Cerebral ischemic injury is enhanced in a model of oculodentodigital dysplasia.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Connexin 43; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Eye Abnormalities; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Serine; Syndactyly; Tooth Abnormalities | 2013 |
Enhanced Ca(2+)-dependent glutamate release from astrocytes of the BACHD Huntington's disease mouse model.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Physical Stimulation; Pyruvate Carboxylase; Subcellular Fractions; Transfection | 2013 |
Neurodegeneration after transient brain ischemia in aged mice: beneficial effects of bilobalide.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aging; Animals; Brain Infarction; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Furans; Ginkgolides; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Locomotion; Mice; Microdialysis; Mitochondria; Multienzyme Complexes; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Phosphorylation | 2013 |
Dock3 attenuates neural cell death due to NMDA neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Binding Sites; Carrier Proteins; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Glutamic Acid; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Low Tension Glaucoma; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Protein Binding; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Signal Transduction | 2013 |
The story of glutamate in drug addiction and of N-acetylcysteine as a potential pharmacotherapy.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Receptors, Glutamate; Substance-Related Disorders | 2013 |
Parkinson's disease: in vivo metabolic changes in the frontal and parietal cortices in 6-OHDA treated rats during different periods.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Corpus Striatum; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Functional Laterality; Functional Neuroimaging; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parietal Lobe; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors | 2014 |
Plasma levels of neuron specific enolase quantify the extent of neuronal injury in murine models of ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Brain; Brain Infarction; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Time Factors | 2013 |
CCL5-glutamate interaction in central nervous system: Early and acute presynaptic defects in EAE mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Central Nervous System; Chemokine CCL5; Colforsin; D-Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Exocytosis; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Peptide Fragments; Potassium Chloride; Second Messenger Systems; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Tritium | 2013 |
Safety and efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in acute experimental ischemic stroke.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrodes; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Stroke | 2013 |
Cladribine interferes with IL-1β synaptic effects in experimental multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Cladribine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Egtazic Acid; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Interleukin-1beta; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Synapses | 2013 |
Astrocytes and glutamate homoeostasis in Alzheimer's disease: a decrease in glutamine synthetase, but not in glutamate transporter-1, in the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Prefrontal Cortex | 2013 |
Catabolism of exogenous lactate reveals it as a legitimate metabolic substrate in breast cancer.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Coumaric Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kinetics; Lactic Acid; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Rats | 2013 |
A selective 5-HT1a receptor agonist improves respiration in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Apnea; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Piperidines; Potassium; Pyrimidines; Raphe Nuclei; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; Respiration; Rett Syndrome; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists; Synaptic Transmission | 2013 |
Cerebral level of vGlut1 is increased and level of glycine is decreased in TgSwDI mice.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Autoradiography; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2014 |
1H NMR metabolomic signatures in five brain regions of the AβPPswe Tg2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease at four ages.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mesencephalon; Metabolome; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Tissue Extracts | 2014 |
Effects of taurine supplementation on hepatic markers of inflammation and lipid metabolism in mothers and offspring in the setting of maternal obesity.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Homocysteine; Inflammation; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Male; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Obesity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Taurine | 2013 |
R-flurbiprofen improves tau, but not Aß pathology in a triple transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Disease Models, Animal; Flurbiprofen; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; tau Proteins | 2013 |
Evidence for reduced tonic levels of GABA in the hippocampus of an animal model of ADHD, the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2013 |
Identification of Bax-interacting proteins in oligodendrocyte progenitors during glutamate excitotoxicity and perinatal hypoxia-ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Culture Media, Conditioned; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Mitochondria; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oligodendroglia; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stem Cells; Time Factors | 2013 |
The role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 on the stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 system in oral cancer.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Chemokine CXCL12; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pyridines; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, CXCR4; Thiazoles | 2013 |
Dysfunctional glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyric acidergic activities in prefrontal cortex of mice in social defeat model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Social Behavior; Stress, Psychological | 2014 |
Novel hypoglycemic injury mechanism: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated white matter damage.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycogen; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoglycemia; Kynurenic Acid; Lactic Acid; Leukoencephalopathies; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Optic Nerve Injuries; Quinoxalines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2014 |
Pregnenolone sulfate restores the glutamate-nitric-oxide-cGMP pathway and extracellular GABA in cerebellum and learning and motor coordination in hyperammonemic rats.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperammonemia; Learning; Male; Microdialysis; Nitric Oxide; Pregnenolone; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Treatment Outcome | 2014 |
Intrathecal ultra-low dose naloxone enhances the antihyperalgesic effects of morphine and attenuates tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 1 expression in the dorsal horn of rats with partial sciatic nerve transection.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Spinal; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Threshold; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Sciatic Nerve; Sciatica; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Neuropep-1 ameliorates learning and memory deficits in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model, increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the brain, and causes reduction of amyloid beta plaques.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Learning; Memory; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Peptide Fragments; Plaque, Amyloid | 2014 |
Activation of muscarinic receptors protects against retinal neurons damage and optic nerve degeneration in vitro and in vivo models.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Caspase 3; Cells, Cultured; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Optic Nerve; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Muscarinic; Reperfusion Injury; Retina | 2014 |
Hyperoxia-induced developmental plasticity of the hypoxic ventilatory response in neonatal rats: contributions of glutamate-dependent and PDGF-dependent mechanisms.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzamides; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hyperoxia; Hypoxia; Imatinib Mesylate; Neuroprotective Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Piperazines; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pulmonary Ventilation; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2014 |
An organoselenium compound improves behavioral, endocrinal and neurochemical changes induced by corticosterone in mice.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Corticosterone; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Organoselenium Compounds; Prefrontal Cortex; Serotonin | 2014 |
α7 Nicotinic receptor-mediated astrocytic gliotransmitter release: Aβ effects in a preclinical Alzheimer's mouse model.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2013 |
Dietary therapy mitigates persistent wake deficits caused by mild traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Injuries; Cognition; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexins; Wakefulness | 2013 |
ERK inhibition with PD184161 mitigates brain damage in a mouse model of stroke.
Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Benzamides; Brain; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Stroke | 2014 |
Daphnetin, a natural coumarin derivative, provides the neuroprotection against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells and ischemic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Umbelliferones | 2014 |
LPS and TNF alpha modulate AMPA/NMDA receptor subunit expression and induce PGE2 and glutamate release in preterm fetal ovine mixed glial cultures.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain Injuries; Cells, Cultured; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dinoprostone; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Lipopolysaccharides; Neuroglia; Radioimmunoassay; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sheep; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2013 |
Sustained Na+/H+ exchanger activation promotes gliotransmitter release from reactive hippocampal astrocytes following oxygen-glucose deprivation.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cation Transport Proteins; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen; Primary Cell Culture; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Up-Regulation | 2014 |
NMDA receptor activation antagonizes the NMDA antagonist-induced antianxiety effect in the elevated plus-maze test in mice.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Binding Sites; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ligands; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Quinolones; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine | 2013 |
Neuroprotective effects of a novel single compound 1-methoxyoctadecan-1-ol isolated from Uncaria sinensis in primary cortical neurons and a photothrombotic ischemia model.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fatty Alcohols; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Imidazoles; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Photochemical Processes; Primary Cell Culture; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; Pyridines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Thrombosis; Uncaria | 2014 |
Neuroprotective effect of the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction in experimental model of spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Death; Croton; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Movement; Muscle Strength; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2014 |
Coenzyme Q10 inhibits glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial alteration in a mouse model of glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Axons; bcl-Associated Death Protein; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glaucoma; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Heme Oxygenase-1; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Mitochondria; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Superoxide Dismutase; Ubiquinone; Vitamins | 2014 |
Optogenetic countering of glial acidosis suppresses glial glutamate release and ischemic brain damage.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Archaeal Proteins; Cerebellum; Channelrhodopsins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neuroglia; Optogenetics; Sodium Channel Blockers; Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins | 2014 |
Correlation of 3-mercaptopropionic acid induced seizures and changes in striatal neurotransmitters monitored by microdialysis.
Topics: 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Biogenic Amines; Brain Waves; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats, Wistar; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2014 |
Antinociceptive esters of N-methylanthranilic acid: Mechanism of action in heat-mediated pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; KATP Channels; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurotransmitter Agents; ortho-Aminobenzoates; Pain; Pain Perception; Pain Threshold; Potassium Channel Blockers; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 2014 |
Glutamate prevents intestinal atrophy via luminal nutrient sensing in a mouse model of total parenteral nutrition.
Topics: Animal Nutrition Sciences; Animals; Atrophy; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Food; Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Jejunum; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Permeability; Piperidines; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Signal Transduction; Thiazoles | 2014 |
Improved cognitive outcome after progesterone administration is associated with protecting hippocampal neurons from secondary damage studied in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Maze Learning; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Organ Culture Techniques; Progesterone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2014 |
CHF5074 and LY450139 sub-acute treatments differently affect cortical extracellular glutamate levels in pre-plaque Tg2576 mice.
Topics: Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Azepines; Cyclopropanes; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; Flurbiprofen; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Prefrontal Cortex; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Curcumol from Rhizoma Curcumae suppresses epileptic seizure by facilitation of GABA(A) receptors.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cells, Cultured; Curcuma; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Exploratory Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Receptors, GABA-A; Sesquiterpenes | 2014 |
Development of attenuated baroreflexes in obese Zucker rats coincides with impaired activation of nucleus tractus solitarius.
Topics: Animals; Arterial Pressure; Baroreflex; Bradycardia; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Male; Microinjections; Obesity; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Zucker; Reflex, Abnormal; Solitary Nucleus; Sympathetic Nervous System; Tachycardia; Time Factors; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilator Agents | 2014 |
Baicalein ameliorated the upregulation of striatal glutamatergic transmission in the mice model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Flavanones; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; MPTP Poisoning; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2014 |
Z α1-antitrypsin confers a proinflammatory phenotype that contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin; Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interleukin-6; Lysine; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neutrophils; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Phenotype; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Trypsin Inhibitors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2014 |
Neuronal and astrocytic metabolism in a transgenic rat model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Neurons; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Rats, Wistar | 2014 |
Traumatic Brain Injury Increases Cortical Glutamate Network Activity by Compromising GABAergic Control.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Pathways; Parvalbumins; Somatostatin; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2015 |
Glucocorticoid-mediated enhancement of glutamatergic transmission may outweigh anti-inflammatory effects under conditions of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Body Weight; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mifepristone; Neuralgia; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Rats; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Ceftriaxone alleviates early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage by increasing excitatory amino acid transporter 2 expression via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Brain Injuries; Caspase 3; Ceftriaxone; Cells, Cultured; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neoplasm Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | 2014 |
Accumulation of oligomer-prone α-synuclein exacerbates synaptic and neuronal degeneration in vivo.
Topics: alpha-Synuclein; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lewy Body Disease; Lysine; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Synapses; Thy-1 Antigens | 2014 |
Disruption of the nuclear p53-GAPDH complex protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Nucleus; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nuclear Proteins; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases | 2014 |
Aberrant glutamate signaling in the prefrontal cortex and striatum of the spontaneously hypertensive rat model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microelectrodes; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium Chloride; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY | 2014 |
Striatal synaptosomes from Hdh140Q/140Q knock-in mice have altered protein levels, novel sites of methionine oxidation, and excess glutamate release after stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Chromatography, Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Oxidation-Reduction; Synaptosomes; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2013 |
Glutamatergic transmission aberration: a major cause of behavioral deficits in a murine model of Down's syndrome.
Topics: Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Female; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Mice; Nesting Behavior; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Synapses | 2014 |
Simultaneous quantification of seven hippocampal neurotransmitters in depression mice by LC-MS/MS.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Methylprednisolone; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Regression Analysis; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serotonin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2014 |
Synaptic glutamate spillover due to impaired glutamate uptake mediates heroin relapse.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Ceftriaxone; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Morpholinos; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Secondary Prevention; Synapses | 2014 |
Transient inactivation of the ventral hippocampus in neonatal rats impairs the mesolimbic regulation of prefrontal glutamate release in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Catheters, Indwelling; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microelectrodes; N-Methylaspartate; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Wistar; Schizophrenia; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin | 2014 |
Increased response to glutamate in small diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons after sciatic nerve injury.
Topics: Action Potentials; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cyclohexylamines; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Sciatic Nerve | 2014 |
Electrophysiological phenotypes of MeCP2 A140V mutant mouse model.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Long-Term Potentiation; Membrane Potentials; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phenotype; Rett Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2014 |
Sumoylation of the astroglial glutamate transporter EAAT2 governs its intracellular compartmentalization.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Caspase 3; Cell Membrane; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Intracellular Space; Mice, Transgenic; Prosencephalon; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Sumoylation | 2014 |
[Effects of extracts from ziziphi spinosae semen and schisandrae chinensis fructus on amino acid neurotransmitter in rats with insomnia induced by PCPA].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Fenclonine; Fruit; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypothalamus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; RNA, Messenger; Schisandra; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Ziziphus | 2013 |
Effect of Gua Lou Gui Zhi decoction on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulating the expression of excitatory amino acids and their receptors.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury | 2014 |
[Exocrine function of the pancreas in rats with experimental obesity].
Topics: Acute Disease; Amylases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lipase; Male; Obesity; Osmolar Concentration; Pancreas, Exocrine; Pancreatitis; Rats; Sodium Chloride | 2014 |
Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 attenuates tonically active glutamatergic input to the rostral ventrolateral medulla in hypertensive rats.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Injections; Kynurenic Acid; Lentivirus; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Norepinephrine; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, Glutamate; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2014 |
ACVR1 p.Q207E causes classic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and is functionally distinct from the engineered constitutively active ACVR1 p.Q207D variant.
Topics: Activin Receptors, Type I; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Chickens; Child; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Variation; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hindlimb; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Sequence Data; Muscle, Skeletal; Myositis Ossificans; NIH 3T3 Cells; Point Mutation; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Sequence Alignment | 2014 |
Effect of diet on brain metabolites and behavior in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Brain; Creatine; Dietary Fats; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Fish Oils; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Motor Activity; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Risk-Taking | 2014 |
NMDA receptor antagonism potentiates the L-DOPA-induced extracellular dopamine release in the subthalamic nucleus of hemi-parkinson rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Subthalamic Nucleus | 2014 |
Distinct effects of mGlu4 receptor positive allosteric modulators at corticostriatal vs. striatopallidal synapses may differentially contribute to their antiparkinsonian action.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Anilides; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2014 |
The role of GluN2A and GluN2B subunits on the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists in modeling schizophrenia and treating refractory depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phenols; Piperidines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Stereotyped Behavior | 2014 |
Estradiol attenuates spinal cord injury-related central pain by decreasing glutamate levels in thalamic VPL nucleus in male rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Estradiol; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neuralgia; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord Injuries; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2014 |
Role of glutamate and advantages of combining memantine with a 5HT6 ligand in a model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Ligands; Male; Memantine; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Sulfonamides; Swimming | 2014 |
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and tissue protein concentrations together suggest lower glutamate signaling in dentate gyrus in schizophrenia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Middle Aged; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Postmortem Changes; Protons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Young Adult | 2015 |
Effects of D-series resolvins on behavioral and neurochemical changes in a fibromyalgia-like model in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Dopamine; Fibromyalgia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Nociceptive Pain; Pregabalin; Serotonin; Spinal Cord; Touch | 2014 |
Interaction between interleukin-1 beta and angiotensin II receptor 1 in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus contributes to progression of heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Heart Failure; Interleukin-1beta; Losartan; Male; Norepinephrine; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 | 2014 |
Transient muscarinic and glutamatergic stimulation of neural stem cells triggers acute and persistent changes in differentiation.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; GABAergic Neurons; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Male; Mice; Muscarinic Agonists; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Muscarinic | 2014 |
In vivo measurement of glutamate loss is associated with synapse loss in a mouse model of tauopathy.
Topics: Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurogenesis; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Synapses; Tauopathies; Thalamus | 2014 |
Alterations in the cholinergic system of brain stem neurons in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Cholinergic Neurons; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kinetics; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Rett Syndrome | 2014 |
Rosiglitazone attenuates cerebral vasospasm and provides neuroprotection in an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats; Rosiglitazone; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Thiazolidinediones; Vasospasm, Intracranial | 2014 |
Brain infection with Staphylococcus aureus leads to high extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, γ-aminobutyric acid, and zinc.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Abscess; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Synaptophysin; Zinc | 2014 |
In vivo 1H MRS study in microlitre voxels in the hippocampus of a mouse model of Down syndrome at 11.7 T.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Dominance, Cerebral; Down Syndrome; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Neuroimaging; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy | 2014 |
Dentate gyrus-CA3 glutamate release/NMDA transmission mediates behavioral despair and antidepressant-like responses to leptin.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Dentate Gyrus; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Leptin; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Receptors, Leptin; RNA, Untranslated; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Wakefulness | 2015 |
Defects in dendrite and spine maturation and synaptogenesis associated with an anxious-depressive-like phenotype of GABAA receptor-deficient mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dendrites; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice, 129 Strain; Neurogenesis; Phenotype; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses | 2015 |
Propofol inhibits inflammatory cytokine-mediated glutamate uptake dysfunction to alleviate learning/memory impairment in depressed rats undergoing electroconvulsive shock.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cytokines; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Food Deprivation; Food Preferences; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Water Deprivation | 2015 |
The sigma-1 receptor agonist 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl) piperidine (PPBP) protects against newborn excitotoxic brain injury by stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro and inhibiting microglial activation in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Brain Injuries; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; Haloperidol; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Microglia; Neurons; Receptors, sigma; Sigma-1 Receptor; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2014 |
Spinal administration of mGluR5 antagonist prevents the onset of bortezomib induced neuropathic pain in rat.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Boronic Acids; Bortezomib; Ceftriaxone; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Central Nervous System Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Spinal; Male; Neural Conduction; Neuralgia; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pyrazines; Pyridines; Random Allocation; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2014 |
Expression, pharmacology and functional activity of adenosine A1 receptors in genetic models of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Potassium Chloride; Protein Binding; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Signal Transduction; Statistics, Nonparametric; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes; Transfection; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion; Tritium; Xanthines | 2014 |
The major cholesterol metabolite cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol functions as an endogenous neuroprotectant.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Brain Injuries; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Cholestanols; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Binding; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Ischemia; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution; Young Adult | 2014 |
Gabapentin attenuates hyperexcitability in the freeze-lesion model of developmental cortical malformation.
Topics: Age Factors; Amines; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channels; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Freezing; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Malformations of Cortical Development; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroimaging; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Somatosensory Cortex; Thrombospondins | 2014 |
The mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator, CDPPB, ameliorates pathology and phenotypic signs of a mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Benzamides; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Pyrazoles; Recognition, Psychology; Signal Transduction; Synapses | 2015 |
Mind the gap: glucocorticoids modulate hippocampal glutamate tone underlying individual differences in stress susceptibility.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Food Preferences; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immobility Response, Tonic; Individuality; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mifepristone; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose; Sweetening Agents | 2015 |
Protein kinase C is essential for kainate-induced anxiety-related behavior and glutamatergic synapse upregulation in prelimbic cortex.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Bacterial Proteins; Benzophenanthridines; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Luminescent Proteins; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Prefrontal Cortex; Protein Kinase C; Synapses; Up-Regulation | 2014 |
Loss of SIRT4 decreases GLT-1-dependent glutamate uptake and increases sensitivity to kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Biotinylation; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondrial Proteins; Neurons; Seizures; Sirtuins; Synaptosomes | 2014 |
Impaired in vivo mitochondrial Krebs cycle activity after myocardial infarction assessed using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Animals; Biomarkers; Citric Acid; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolomics; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Predictive Value of Tests; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Rats, Wistar; Stroke Volume; Time Factors; Ventricular Function, Left | 2014 |
Early-life-stress affects the homeostasis of glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Physical Stimulation; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Touch Perception | 2014 |
Repeated restraint stress-induced atrophy of glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and decreases in glutamatergic efflux in the rat amygdala are prevented by the antidepressant agomelatine.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Atrophy; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Corticosterone; Dendrites; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Pyramidal Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 2015 |
Neonatal NMDA receptor blockade disrupts spike timing and glutamatergic synapses in fast spiking interneurons in a NMDA receptor hypofunction model of schizophrenia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bacterial Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Subcutaneous; Interneurons; Kv1.1 Potassium Channel; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neocortex; Parvalbumins; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Synapses | 2014 |
Evaluation of impact-induced traumatic brain injury in the Göttingen Minipig using two input modes.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Swine; Swine, Miniature | 2014 |
Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective effects of a hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. in rodents.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Eugenia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Male; Medicine, Traditional; Mice; Pain; Pain Measurement; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2014 |
Glycine transporters type 1 inhibitor promotes brain preconditioning against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluoresceins; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Sarcosine; Time Factors; Tritium | 2015 |
Erythropoietin exerts a neuroprotective function against glutamate neurotoxicity in experimental diabetic retina.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Cell Death; Cell Line; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Intravitreal Injections; Male; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Erythropoietin; Receptors, Glutamate; Retina | 2014 |
Neuroprotective role of liver growth factor "LGF" in an experimental model of cerebellar ataxia.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Nuclear; Bilirubin; Calbindins; Cell Differentiation; Cerebellar Ataxia; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microglia; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Human | 2014 |
Evaluation of guanfacine as a potential medication for alcohol use disorder in long-term drinking rats: behavioral and electrophysiological findings.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Choice Behavior; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Guanfacine; Male; Naltrexone; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats, Wistar; Tissue Culture Techniques; Treatment Outcome | 2015 |
Altered neurotransmission prior to cognitive decline in AβPP/PS1 mice, a model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Potassium Chloride; Presenilin-1; Synaptic Transmission | 2015 |
Ischemic tolerance in an in vivo model of glutamate preconditioning.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Receptors, Glutamate; Ubiquitin | 2015 |
Repeated forced swimming impairs prepulse inhibition and alters brain-derived neurotrophic factor and astroglial parameters in rats.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calmodulin; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Male; Mood Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Stress, Physiological; Swimming | 2015 |
The effects of D-allose on transient ischemic neuronal death and analysis of its mechanism.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Deoxyguanosine; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Drug Administration Schedule; Gerbillinae; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Movement Disorders; Neurons; Oxygen; Time Factors | 2014 |
Cognitive impairment induced by permanent bilateral common carotid occlusion exacerbates depression-related behavioral, biochemical, immunological and neuronal markers.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Carotid Artery Diseases; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cognition Disorders; Cues; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hindlimb Suspension; Hippocampus; Interleukin-6; Male; Maze Learning; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Time Factors | 2015 |
A2A adenosine receptor deletion is protective in a mouse model of Tauopathy.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Mice, Transgenic; Phosphorylation; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; RNA, Messenger; tau Proteins; Tauopathies; Tissue Culture Techniques; Xanthines | 2016 |
α₄β₂ Nicotinic receptor stimulation of the GABAergic system within the orbitofrontal cortex ameliorates the severe crossmodal object recognition impairment in ketamine-treated rats: implications for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Prefrontal Cortex; Random Allocation; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Nicotinic; Recognition, Psychology; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology | 2015 |
Genetic disruption of 2-arachidonoylglycerol synthesis reveals a key role for endocannabinoid signaling in anxiety modulation.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Arachidonic Acids; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycerides; Male; Mice, Knockout; Synaptic Transmission | 2014 |
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 deficiency increases resting-state glutamate and expression of the GluN1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the frontal cortex of mice.
Topics: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spatial Memory | 2015 |
Cumulative mtDNA damage and mutations contribute to the progressive loss of RGCs in a rat model of glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Axons; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; DNA, Mitochondrial; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Mitochondria; Mutation; Optic Nerve; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Time Factors | 2015 |
Toll-like receptor 4 enhancement of non-NMDA synaptic currents increases dentate excitability after brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Concussion; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Potentials; Time Factors; Tissue Culture Techniques; Toll-Like Receptor 4 | 2015 |
Exocytosis regulates trafficking of GABA and glycine heterotransporters in spinal cord glutamatergic synapses: a mechanism for the excessive heterotransporter-induced release of glutamate in experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Female; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2015 |
Mechanisms of α-mangostin-induced antinociception in a rodent model.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Arginine; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Rats; Xanthones | 2015 |
Coordinated changes in hepatic amino acid metabolism and endocrine signals support hepatic glucose production during fetal hypoglycemia.
Topics: Algorithms; Amino Acids; Animals; Biological Transport; Blood Glucose; Carbon Radioisotopes; Disease Models, Animal; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Fetal Blood; Glucagon; Gluconeogenesis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hydrocortisone; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Liver; Sheep, Domestic; Up-Regulation | 2015 |
Chronic desipramine prevents acute stress-induced reorganization of medial prefrontal cortex architecture by blocking glutamate vesicle accumulation and excitatory synapse increase.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Corticosterone; Desipramine; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Models, Neurological; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2014 |
Acetate is a bioenergetic substrate for human glioblastoma and brain metastases.
Topics: Acetate-CoA Ligase; Acetates; Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Neoplasm Metastasis | 2014 |
Effects of eslicarbazepine acetate on acute and chronic latrunculin A-induced seizures and extracellular amino acid levels in the mouse hippocampus.
Topics: Acute Disease; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chronic Disease; Dibenzazepines; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Seizures; Taurine; Thiazolidines | 2014 |
Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulates glutamine synthetase and l-glutamate/l-aspartate transporter in retinas with oxygen-induced retinopathy.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Western; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Ependymoglial Cells; Eye Proteins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-1beta; Intravitreal Injections; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxygen; Protease Inhibitors; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retinopathy of Prematurity; RNA, Messenger; Serpins | 2015 |
Erythropoietin improves synaptic plasticity and memory deficits by decrease of the neurotransmitter release probability in the rat model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hematocrit; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Memory Disorders; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Rats | 2015 |
Presymptomatic glutamate levels in prefrontal cortex in the Hdh(CAG150) mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Microdialysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Prefrontal Cortex | 2014 |
The mast cell stabilizer sodium cromoglycate reduces histamine release and status epilepticus-induced neuronal damage in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Anticonvulsants; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cromolyn Sodium; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Fluoresceins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histamine; Male; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Status Epilepticus | 2015 |
Sex differences in the rapid and the sustained antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in stress-naïve and "depressed" mice exposed to chronic mild stress.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Aspartic Acid; Chronic Disease; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin; Sex Characteristics; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Time Factors | 2015 |
Simultaneous glutamate recordings in the frontal cortex network with multisite biomorphic microelectrodes: New tools for ADHD research.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Biosensing Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microelectrodes; Nerve Net; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR | 2015 |
VGLUT2 controls heat and punctuate hyperalgesia associated with nerve injury via TRPV1-Cre primary afferents.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons, Afferent; Sciatic Nerve; TRPV Cation Channels; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2015 |
Chronic exercise dampens hippocampal glutamate overflow induced by kainic acid in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Housing, Animal; Kainic Acid; Male; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Running; Seizures; Telemetry | 2015 |
Poly-arginine and arginine-rich peptides are neuroprotective in stroke models.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Endocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptides; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke | 2015 |
Characterization of a Synthetic Steroid 24-keto-cholest-5-en-3β, 19-diol as a Neuroprotectant.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cholestanols; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2015 |
Vinpocetine modulates metabolic activity and function during retinal ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroretinography; Energy Metabolism; Ependymoglial Cells; Evoked Potentials; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Diseases; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vinca Alkaloids | 2015 |
Microglial activation enhances associative taste memory through purinergic modulation of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Animals; Association Learning; Corticosterone; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Glutamic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Lithium Chloride; Male; Memory; Microglia; Protein Transport; Purinergic Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Taste | 2015 |
Pathogenicity of lupus anti-ribosomal P antibodies: role of cross-reacting neuronal surface P antigen in glutamatergic transmission and plasticity in a mouse model.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Antigens, Surface; Autoantibodies; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Long-Term Potentiation; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Memory; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Ribosomal Proteins; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Young Adult | 2015 |
Synthesis and Evaluation of 3-(furo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-maleimides as Novel GSK-3β Inhibitors and Anti-Ischemic Agents.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Maleimides; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2015 |
Involvement of the paraventricular nucleus in the occurrence of arrhythmias in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrocardiography; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2015 |
¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy of Thy-1-APPSL mice brain extracts indicates metabolic changes in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Inositol; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Peptide Fragments; Phosphorylcholine; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy | 2015 |
PI3Kγ deficiency enhances seizures severity and associated outcomes in a mouse model of convulsions induced by intrahippocampal injection of pilocarpine.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Class Ib Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microfilament Proteins; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuropeptides; Pilocarpine; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Reaction Time; Seizures; Synaptosomes; Thiazolidinediones; Time Factors | 2015 |
Hippocampal-Dependent Antidepressant Action of the H3 Receptor Antagonist Clobenpropit in a Rat Model of Depression.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histamine H3 Antagonists; Imidazoles; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Memory Disorders; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thiourea | 2015 |
Differential Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide against Amyloid-β Induced Toxicity in Cortical Neuronal and Astrocytic Primary Cultures from Wild-Type and 3xTg-AD Mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amides; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanolamines; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Palmitic Acids; tau Proteins | 2015 |
[Comparative study of the effects of new neuroactive amino acid derivatives on the postnatal development of the rat's offspring with experimental preeclampsia].
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Maternal Exposure; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Reflex | 2014 |
GLT1 overexpression in SOD1(G93A) mouse cervical spinal cord does not preserve diaphragm function or extend disease.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Cervical Cord; Dependovirus; Diaphragm; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Superoxide Dismutase | 2015 |
Spreading depolarizations mediate excitotoxicity in the development of acute cortical lesions.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Microelectrodes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2015 |
DJ-1 knockout augments disease severity and shortens survival in a mouse model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Mutation; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oncogene Proteins; Peptides; Protein Deglycase DJ-1; Severity of Illness Index; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2015 |
Anticonvulsant and Sedative Effects of Eudesmin isolated from Acorus tatarinowii on mice and rats.
Topics: Acorus; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Furans; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Lignans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Pentobarbital; Plant Extracts; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Seizures | 2015 |
Gene Transfer of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 by Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors Suppresses Neuropathic Pain Induced by Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 Combined with ddC in Rats.
Topics: Animals; CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Decarboxylation; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; HIV Envelope Protein gp120; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Mitochondria; Pain Threshold; Phosphorylation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatic Nerve; Sciatica; Simplexvirus; Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn; Superoxides; Time Factors; Zalcitabine | 2015 |
Gq-DREADD Selectively Initiates Glial Glutamate Release and Inhibits Cue-induced Cocaine Seeking.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Central Nervous System Agents; Clozapine; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Cues; Dietary Sucrose; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Extinction, Psychological; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Self Administration; SNARE Proteins | 2015 |
Observation of Distressed Conspecific as a Model of Emotional Trauma Generates Silent Synapses in the Prefrontal-Amygdala Pathway and Enhances Fear Learning, but Ketamine Abolishes those Effects.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Mice, 129 Strain; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Pathways; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychotropic Drugs; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques; Visual Perception | 2015 |
Deletion of adenosine A2A receptors from astrocytes disrupts glutamate homeostasis leading to psychomotor and cognitive impairment: relevance to schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Kainic Acid; Locomotion; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Psychomotor Disorders; Pyrimidines; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Triazoles | 2015 |
The lidocaine metabolite N-ethylglycine has antinociceptive effects in experimental inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; N-substituted Glycines; Neuralgia; Neurogenic Inflammation; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Physical Stimulation; Posterior Horn Cells; Receptors, Glycine; Spinal Cord; Xenopus laevis | 2015 |
NMDA Receptor Antagonist Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Acute Lung Injury.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Amino Acids; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Capillary Permeability; CD11b Antigen; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Female; Glutamic Acid; Malondialdehyde; Memantine; Mice; Neutrophil Infiltration; Neutrophils; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2015 |
Ceftriaxone ameliorates tau pathology and cognitive decline via restoration of glial glutamate transporter in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Ceftriaxone; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; tau Proteins; Up-Regulation | 2015 |
Reduced severity of ischemic stroke and improvement of mitochondrial function after dietary treatment with the anaplerotic substance triheptanoin.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport; Fatty Acids; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Mice; Mitochondria; Motor Activity; Oxygen Consumption; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Triglycerides | 2015 |
Inhibition of connexin43 improves functional recovery after ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Connexin 43; Connexins; Disease Models, Animal; Gliosis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Motor Activity; Muscle Strength; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Spatial Memory | 2015 |
Ceftriaxone attenuates ethanol drinking and restores extracellular glutamate concentration through normalization of GLT-1 in nucleus accumbens of male alcohol-preferring rats.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Ceftriaxone; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Space; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats | 2015 |
Transcranial focal electrical stimulation reduces the convulsive expression and amino acid release in the hippocampus during pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Pilocarpine; Rats; Status Epilepticus; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation | 2015 |
m-Trifluoromethyl-diphenyl diselenide, a multi-target selenium compound, prevented mechanical allodynia and depressive-like behavior in a mouse comorbid pain and depression model.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Corticosterone; Cytokines; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuralgia; Organosilicon Compounds; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Serotonin; Swimming; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2015 |
Increased extracellular levels of glutamate in the hippocampus of chronically epileptic rats.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Muscarinic Agonists; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Scopolamine; Signal Transduction | 2015 |
The positive effect on ketamine as a priming adjuvant in antidepressant treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Imipramine; Ketamine; Male; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological | 2015 |
Activation of AMPA Receptors Mediates the Antidepressant Action of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Infralimbic Prefrontal Cortex.
Topics: Animals; Deep Brain Stimulation; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microdialysis; Norepinephrine; Prefrontal Cortex; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Serotonin | 2016 |
Stress exacerbates neuron loss and microglia proliferation in a rat model of excitotoxic lower motor neuron injury.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Microglia; Motor Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Restraint, Physical; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Stress, Psychological | 2015 |
Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Impairs the Proliferation of Neuronal Progenitors, Leading to Fewer Glutamatergic Neurons in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.
Topics: Animals; Cell Cycle; Cell Movement; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Random Allocation | 2016 |
Beneficial Effects of Polygonum multiflorum on Hippocampal Neuronal Cells and Mouse Focal Cerebral Ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Fallopia multiflora; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Reactive Oxygen Species; Water | 2015 |
[Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic synergism between neuropeptides and lithium in the neurotrophic and neuroprotective action of cerebrolysin].
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; Galanin; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Lithium Compounds; Male; Neuropeptides; Neuroprotective Agents; Orexins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stroke | 2015 |
Effects of β-Arrestin-Biased Dopamine D2 Receptor Ligands on Schizophrenia-Like Behavior in Hypoglutamatergic Mice.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Arrestins; beta-Arrestins; Catalepsy; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, 129 Strain; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Phencyclidine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Behavior | 2016 |
Neuroprotective actions of progesterone in an in vivo model of retinitis pigmentosa.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Neuroprotective Agents; Progesterone; Retina; Retinitis Pigmentosa | 2015 |
Dexmedetomidine prevents post-ischemic LTP via presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dexmedetomidine; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Norepinephrine; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2015 |
Alterations in the motor cortical and striatal glutamatergic system and D-serine levels in the bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine rat model for Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Cortex; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine | 2015 |
Enhancing glutamatergic transmission during adolescence reverses early-life stress-induced deficits in the rewarding effects of cocaine in rats.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Aging; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Memantine; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Riluzole; Self Administration; Stress, Psychological | 2015 |
Eltoprazine prevents levodopa-induced dyskinesias by reducing striatal glutamate and direct pathway activity.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Time Factors | 2015 |
Conditioned medium from the stem cells of human dental pulp improves cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition Disorders; Culture Media, Conditioned; Cytokines; Dental Pulp; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Recognition, Psychology; Stem Cells | 2015 |
Genetic deletion of monoacylglycerol lipase leads to impaired cannabinoid receptor CB₁R signaling and anxiety-like behavior.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anxiety; Arachidonic Acids; Arrestins; beta-Arrestins; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Exploratory Behavior; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycerides; Hindlimb Suspension; Immunoprecipitation; Lipid Metabolism; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Monoacylglycerol Lipases; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2015 |
Adult neural progenitor cells from Huntington's disease mouse brain exhibit increased proliferation and migration due to enhanced calcium and ROS signals.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Doublecortin Protein; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Ki-67 Antigen; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neural Stem Cells; Neuropeptides; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2015 |
Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, inhibits cocaine-induced seizures in mice: Possible role of the mTOR pathway and reduction in glutamate release.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Antiemetics; Cannabidiol; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Immunosuppressive Agents; Indoles; Male; Mice; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Sirolimus; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2015 |
Changes in VGLUT2 expression and function in pain-related supraspinal regions correlate with the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain in a mouse spared nerve injury model.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Coloring Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Neuralgia; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Spinal Cord; Statistics, Nonparametric; Synaptosomes; Tibial Nerve; Trypan Blue; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2015 |
Executive function deficits and glutamatergic protein alterations in a progressive 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Executive Function; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; MPTP Poisoning; Neuropsychological Tests; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2015 |
Hesperidin inhibits glutamate release and exerts neuroprotection against excitotoxicity induced by kainic acid in the hippocampus of rats.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Egtazic Acid; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hesperidin; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin | 2015 |
Pertussis toxin reduces calcium influx to protect ischemic stroke in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Infarction; Calcium; Caspase 3; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Pertussis Toxin; Stroke | 2015 |
Neurotransmission to parasympathetic cardiac vagal neurons in the brain stem is altered with left ventricular hypertrophy-induced heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart; Heart Failure; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Vagus Nerve | 2015 |
Red nucleus glutamate facilitates neuropathic allodynia induced by spared nerve injury through non-NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; CD11b Antigen; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuralgia; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Red Nucleus | 2015 |
Chronic Hyponatremia Causes Neurologic and Psychologic Impairments.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Disease; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Fear; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Glutamic Acid; Hyponatremia; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome; Male; Memory Disorders; Microdialysis; Neuronal Plasticity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Synapses | 2016 |
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal root extract alleviates formalin-induced nociception in mice: involvement of the opioidergic system.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Nociceptive Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Spinal Cord; Withania | 2016 |
Protective effects of NMDA receptor antagonist, memantine, against senescence of PC12 cells: A possible role of nNOS and combined effects with donepezil.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Donepezil; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Indans; Male; Maze Learning; Memantine; Memory; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; PC12 Cells; Piperidines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2015 |
Roles of the NMDA Receptor and EAAC1 Transporter in the Modulation of Extracellular Glutamate by Low and High Affinity AMPA Receptors in the Cerebellum in Vivo: Differential Alteration in Chronic Hyperammonemia.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperammonemia; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors | 2015 |
Protein-caloric dietary restriction inhibits mossy fiber sprouting in the pilocarpine model of TLE without significantly altering seizure phenotype.
Topics: Animals; Caloric Restriction; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Phenotype; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Status Epilepticus | 2015 |
Totarol prevents neuronal injury in vitro and ameliorates brain ischemic stroke: Potential roles of Akt activation and HO-1 induction.
Topics: Abietanes; Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Induction; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors | 2015 |
Reward memory relieves anxiety-related behavior through synaptic strengthening and protein kinase C in dentate gyrus.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Benzophenanthridines; Dendritic Spines; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Mice, Inbred DBA; Protein Kinase C; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Reward; Synapses; Up-Regulation | 2016 |
Reward related neurotransmitter changes in a model of depression: An in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methamphetamine; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Serotonin | 2015 |
"Hyperglutamatergic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit" breaker drugs alleviate tics in a transgenic circuit model of Tourette׳s syndrome.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Net; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; Somatosensory Cortex; Thalamic Nuclei; Tics; Tourette Syndrome | 2015 |
Modulation by Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 of Experimental Parkinsonism, L-DOPA Responsivity, and Glutamatergic Neurotransmission.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Radiopharmaceuticals; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Stereotyped Behavior; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2015 |
PSD-Zip70 Deficiency Causes Prefrontal Hypofunction Associated with Glutamatergic Synapse Maturation Defects by Dysregulation of Rap2 Activity.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; rap GTP-Binding Proteins; Recognition, Psychology; Synapses; Tumor Suppressor Proteins | 2015 |
Genetic identity of thermosensory relay neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Fever; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hypothermia; Integrases; Internal Ribosome Entry Sites; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Neurons; Parabrachial Nucleus; Phenotype; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Repressor Proteins; Skin Temperature; Thermosensing; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2016 |
Incoordination among Subcellular Compartments Is Associated with Depression-Like Behavior Induced by Chronic Mild Stress.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Depressive Disorder, Major; Dietary Sucrose; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Food Preferences; GABAergic Neurons; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Maze Learning; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Prefrontal Cortex; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Time Factors | 2016 |
NF-κB Inhibition Resolves Cognitive Deficits in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through CREB and Glutamate/GABA Neurotransmitters Pathway.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Blood Glucose; Brain; Cognition Disorders; CREB-Binding Protein; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Male; Maze Learning; NF-kappa B; Nitriles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recognition, Psychology; Signal Transduction; Sulfones | 2016 |
Genetic deletion of Rhes or pharmacological blockade of mTORC1 prevent striato-nigral neurons activation in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Female; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Levodopa; Male; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Multiprotein Complexes; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Sirolimus; Substantia Nigra; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2016 |
Melatonin reduces excitotoxic blood-brain barrier breakdown in neonatal rats.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood-Brain Barrier; Capillary Permeability; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Melatonin; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2015 |
Metabotropic glutamate 5 receptor in the infralimbic cortex contributes to descending pain facilitation in healthy and arthritic animals.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Nociception; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2016 |
Effects of Propofol on Excitatory and Inhibitory Amino Acid Neurotransmitter Balance in Rats with Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema Induced by Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Propofol; Pulmonary Edema; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage | 2016 |
Galanin-Mediated Behavioural Hyperalgesia from the Dorsomedial Nucleus of the Hypothalamus Involves Two Independent Descending Pronociceptive Pathways.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Galanin; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Hypothalamus; Lidocaine; Male; Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus; Neurons; Nociception; Ondansetron; Pain; Pressure; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; Serotonin; Spinal Cord | 2015 |
Decreased glial and synaptic glutamate uptake in the striatum of HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice.
Topics: Animals; Cognitive Dysfunction; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HIV Envelope Protein gp120; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroglia; Neurons; Organ Specificity; Synapses; Transgenes | 2016 |
A Vitamin B-6 Antagonist from Flaxseed Perturbs Amino Acid Metabolism in Moderately Vitamin B-6-Deficient Male Rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Cystathionine; Cystathionine beta-Synthase; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Flax; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Male; Proline; Pyridoxine; Rats; Vitamin B 6; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency | 2016 |
M4 Muscarinic Receptor Signaling Ameliorates Striatal Plasticity Deficits in Models of L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Macaca mulatta; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neostriatum; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptor, Muscarinic M4; RGS Proteins; Signal Transduction | 2015 |
Genetically determined differences in noradrenergic function: The spontaneously hypertensive rat model.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Norepinephrine; Potassium; Random Allocation; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Species Specificity; Stress, Psychological | 2016 |
C9orf72 BAC Transgenic Mice Display Typical Pathologic Features of ALS/FTD.
Topics: Age Factors; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Brain; C9orf72 Protein; Cells, Cultured; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Repeat Expansion; Frontotemporal Dementia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Muscle Strength; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Proteins; Psychomotor Performance; Spinal Cord | 2015 |
Impaired PLP-dependent metabolism in brain samples from Huntington disease patients and transgenic R6/1 mice.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cystathionine; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Young Adult | 2016 |
Modulation of brain glutamate dehydrogenase as a tool for controlling seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Deamination; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Male; Mice; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenytoin; Seizures; Time Factors; Valproic Acid | 2015 |
Chronic pain causes a persistent anxiety state leading to increased ethanol intake in CD1 mice.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Chronic Pain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Interleukin-6; Male; Mice; Prefrontal Cortex; Serotonin; Time Factors | 2016 |
Impaired development of cortico-striatal synaptic connectivity in a cell culture model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice, Transgenic; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles | 2016 |
Cannabidiol induces rapid-acting antidepressant-like effects and enhances cortical 5-HT/glutamate neurotransmission: role of 5-HT1A receptors.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Cannabidiol; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Olfactory Bulb; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; Serotonin; Synaptic Transmission | 2016 |
Interneurons spark seizure-like activity in the entorhinal cortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Entorhinal Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Male; Piperazines; Quinoxalines; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Riluzole rescues alterations in rapid glutamate transients in the hippocampus of rTg4510 mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroprotective Agents; Riluzole | 2016 |
TNP-ATP is Beneficial for Treatment of Neonatal Hypoxia-Induced Hypomyelination and Cognitive Decline.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Immunoblotting; Male; Maze Learning; Myelin Sheath; Neurogenesis; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2016 |
Negative impact of AQP-4 channel inhibition on survival of retinal ganglion cells and glutamate metabolism after crushing optic nerve.
Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 4; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Ependymoglial Cells; Glutamic Acid; Immunoblotting; Male; Niacinamide; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Injuries; Rats; Rats, Transgenic; Rats, Wistar; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retinal Ganglion Cells; RNA; Thiadiazoles; Up-Regulation | 2016 |
Studies on medicinal herbs for cognitive enhancement based on the text mining of Dongeuibogam and preliminary evaluation of its effects.
Topics: Animals; Asia, Eastern; Caspase 3; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Spatial Memory | 2016 |
Effects of paternal and peripubertal stress on aggression, anxiety, and metabolic alterations in the lateral septum.
Topics: Age Factors; Aggression; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anxiety Disorders; Aspartic Acid; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Maze Learning; Phosphorylcholine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Septal Nuclei; Stress, Psychological; Tritium | 2016 |
Tubastatin A, an HDAC6 inhibitor, alleviates stroke-induced brain infarction and functional deficits: potential roles of α-tubulin acetylation and FGF-21 up-regulation.
Topics: Acetylation; Animals; Brain Infarction; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Hydroxamic Acids; Indoles; Mitochondria; Neurites; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Recovery of Function; Signal Transduction; Tubulin; Up-Regulation | 2016 |
Molecular targeting of papillary thyroid carcinoma with fluorescently labeled ratiometric activatable cell penetrating peptides in a transgenic murine model.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Papillary; Cell-Penetrating Peptides; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Laryngoscopy; Larynx; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Staining and Labeling; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; Treatment Outcome; Valine; Video Recording; Vocal Cords | 2016 |
The infralimbic and prelimbic medial prefrontal cortices have differential functions in the expression of anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychomotor Performance; Veratrine | 2016 |
Multiprobe molecular imaging of an NMDA receptor hypofunction rat model for glutamatergic dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Molecular Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Tryptophan | 2016 |
Severe, multimodal stress exposure induces PTSD-like characteristics in a mouse model of single prolonged stress.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Classical; Corticosterone; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Extinction, Psychological; Fear; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Paroxetine; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Restraint, Physical; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Stress, Psychological; Swimming | 2016 |
Binge ethanol withdrawal: Effects on post-withdrawal ethanol intake, glutamate-glutamine cycle and monoamine tissue content in P rat model.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
An integrative genome-wide transcriptome reveals that candesartan is neuroprotective and a candidate therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Apoptosis; Benzimidazoles; Biphenyl Compounds; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Databases, Factual; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Tetrazoles; Transcriptome | 2016 |
Region-Specific Defects of Respiratory Capacities in the Ndufs4(KO) Mouse Brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Cell Respiration; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex I; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Leigh Disease; Malates; Mice; Mitochondria; Olfactory Bulb; Organ Specificity; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyruvic Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Synaptosomes | 2016 |
A New Computational Model for Neuro-Glio-Vascular Coupling: Astrocyte Activation Can Explain Cerebral Blood Flow Nonlinear Response to Interictal Events.
Topics: Action Potentials; Algorithms; Animals; Astrocytes; Blood Vessels; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Computer Simulation; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Models, Biological; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats | 2016 |
Astrocyte membrane properties are altered in a rat model of developmental cortical malformation but single-cell astrocytic glutamate uptake is robust.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Membrane; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Malformations of Cortical Development; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatosensory Cortex | 2016 |
Learning impairment by minimal cortical injury in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Parietal Lobe; Peptide Fragments; Plaque, Amyloid | 2016 |
Synaptic and network consequences of monosynaptic nociceptive inputs of parabrachial nucleus origin in the central amygdala.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nociceptive Pain; Parabrachial Nucleus; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Pilot Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of (4S)-4-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-L-Glutamate (18F-FSPG) for PET/CT Imaging of Intracranial Malignancies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Heterografts; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tyrosine | 2016 |
Glutamate-system defects behind psychiatric manifestations in a familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 disease-mutation mouse model.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biological Transport; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Computational Biology; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Migraine with Aura; Motor Activity; Mutation; Phenotype; Reaction Time; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Stress, Physiological | 2016 |
The Tau/A152T mutation, a risk factor for frontotemporal-spectrum disorders, leads to NR2B receptor-mediated excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; CA3 Region, Hippocampal; Calcium; Culture Media; Disease Models, Animal; Frontotemporal Dementia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; tau Proteins | 2016 |
Treatment with a Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, inhibits excitotoxicity in an animal model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Ginkgo biloba; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Plant Extracts; Spinocerebellar Ataxias | 2016 |
Protective effect of resveratrol against chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced spatial memory deficits, hippocampal oxidative DNA damage and increased p47Phox NADPH oxidase expression in young rats.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Animals; Deoxyguanosine; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Hemoglobins; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; NADPH Oxidases; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances | 2016 |
Decreased Expression of Sox-1 in Cerebellum of Rat with Generalized Seizures Induced by Kindling Model.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cerebellum; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Generalized; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kindling, Neurologic; Neuroglia; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Seizures; SOXB1 Transcription Factors | 2016 |
Prenatal alcohol exposure alters synaptic activity of adult hippocampal dentate granule cells under conditions of enriched environment.
Topics: Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Environment; Ethanol; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Housing, Animal; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Inhibiting effects of rhynchophylline on zebrafish methamphetamine dependence are associated with amelioration of neurotransmitters content and down-regulation of TH and NR2B expression.
Topics: Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Indole Alkaloids; Methamphetamine; Oxindoles; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Zebrafish | 2016 |
Age and Alzheimer's disease gene expression profiles reversed by the glutamate modulator riluzole.
Topics: Age Factors; Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Cognition; Cognitive Aging; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riluzole; Synaptic Transmission; Transcriptome | 2017 |
Real-time imaging of glutamate clearance reveals normal striatal uptake in Huntington disease mouse models.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Corpus Striatum; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Optical Imaging; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2016 |
Thirst Is Associated with Suppression of Habenula Output and Active Stress Coping: Is there a Role for a Non-canonical Vasopressin-Glutamate Pathway?
Topics: Animals; Cats; Colchicine; Disease Models, Animal; Fear; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Habenula; Male; Neurons; Oncogene Proteins v-fos; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological; Synapses; Thirst; Tubulin Modulators; Vasopressins; Water Deprivation | 2016 |
GluN3A promotes NMDA spiking by enhancing synaptic transmission in Huntington's disease models.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Memantine; Mice; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2016 |
Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus stimulation reduces intestinal injury in rats with ulcerative colitis.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation Mediators; Oxidative Stress; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Vagus Nerve | 2016 |
Combination of aspartic acid and glutamic acid inhibits tumor cell proliferation.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aspartic Acid; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Placenta; Pregnancy; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rabbits; Signal Transduction; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2016 |
Sonic hedgehog is a regulator of extracellular glutamate levels and epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; Hedgehog Proteins; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Signal Transduction; Zinc Finger Protein GLI1 | 2016 |
Emodin from Polygonum multiflorum ameliorates oxidative toxicity in HT22 cells and deficits in photothrombotic ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emodin; Fallopia multiflora; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracranial Thrombosis; Light; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Phosphorylation; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rose Bengal; Signal Transduction | 2016 |
Voltage-gated calcium channels are abnormal in cultured spinal motoneurons in the G93A-SOD1 transgenic mouse model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2016 |
Loss of estrogen-related receptor alpha disrupts ventral-striatal synaptic function in female mice.
Topics: Animals; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphorylation; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Estrogen; Sex Characteristics; Synapses; Synaptic Vesicles | 2016 |
Comprehensive Profiling of Modulation of Nitric Oxide Levels and Mitochondrial Activity in the Injured Brain: An Experimental Study Based on the Fluid Percussion Injury Model in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitochondria; Nitric Oxide; Percussion; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2017 |
Microdialysis Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion during Cardiac Arrest, Extracorporeal Life Support and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Rats - A Pilot Trial.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hemodynamics; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Oxygen; Perfusion; Pyruvic Acid; Rats | 2016 |
GABAB receptors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus are involved in spatial learning and memory impairment in a rat model of vascular dementia.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Dementia, Vascular; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Memory Disorders; Myocardial Ischemia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, GABA-B; Spatial Learning | 2016 |
Luteolin protects the hippocampus against neuron impairments induced by kainic acid in rats.
Topics: Animals; CD11b Antigen; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluoresceins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Luteolin; Male; Maze Learning; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Signal Transduction | 2016 |
Reduced tonic inhibition after stroke promotes motor performance and epileptic seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; GABAergic Neurons; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; K Cl- Cotransporters; Mice; Motor Activity; Motor Neurons; Proteome; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regeneration; Seizures; Stroke; Symporters | 2016 |
Pro-apoptotic Action of Corticosterone in Hippocampal Organotypic Cultures.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Caspase 3; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Necrosis; Nerve Growth Factor; Neurons; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Stress, Psychological; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Neuromyelitis optica study model based on chronic infusion of autoantibodies in rat cerebrospinal fluid.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aquaporin 4; Astrocytes; Axons; Cells, Cultured; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Movement Disorders; Myelin Basic Protein; Myelin Sheath; Neuromyelitis Optica; Optic Nerve; Rats; Spinal Cord | 2016 |
p-Chloro-diphenyl diselenide reverses memory impairment-related to stress caused by corticosterone and modulates hippocampal [(3)H]glutamate uptake in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Avoidance Learning; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locomotion; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Organoselenium Compounds; Random Allocation; Reaction Time; Recognition, Psychology; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tritium | 2016 |
The importance of EHD1 in neurite outgrowth contributing to the functional recovery after spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuronal Outgrowth; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, trkA; Recovery of Function; RNA, Small Interfering; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors; Transfection; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2016 |
The rapid antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects of YY-21 involve enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission via activation of mTOR signaling in the mPFC.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prefrontal Cortex; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Saponins; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Tissue Culture Techniques; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases | 2016 |
Hypothalamic Proteomic Analysis Reveals Dysregulation of Glutamate Balance and Energy Metabolism in a Mouse Model of Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Depression.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Hypothalamus; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Proteomics; Stress, Physiological | 2016 |
Methylglyoxal can mediate behavioral and neurochemical alterations in rat brain.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; In Vitro Techniques; Infusions, Intraventricular; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Pyruvaldehyde; rab GTP-Binding Proteins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recognition, Psychology; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; Time Factors | 2016 |
Chronic Stress Increases Prefrontal Inhibition: A Mechanism for Stress-Induced Prefrontal Dysfunction.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Neural Inhibition; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glucocorticoid | 2016 |
Cognitive Impairments Induced by Concussive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Mouse Are Ameliorated by Treatment with Phenserine via Multiple Non-Cholinergic and Cholinergic Mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Brain Concussion; Cholinergic Agents; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Maze Learning; Mice; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Physostigmine | 2016 |
Down-regulation of glutamatergic terminals (VGLUT1) driven by Aβ in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Plaque, Amyloid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2016 |
GLT-1-Dependent Disruption of CNS Glutamate Homeostasis and Neuronal Function by the Protozoan Parasite Toxoplasma gondii.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Brain; Central Nervous System; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neurons; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Toxoplasma; Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral | 2016 |
Evidence for the involvement of TNF-α and IL-1β in the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. (Lamiaceae) essential oil and (-)-α-bisabolol, its main compound, in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Facial Pain; Flame Ionization; Formaldehyde; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Mice; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Nociception; Nociceptive Pain; Oils, Volatile; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Oils; Plants, Medicinal; Pleurisy; Sesquiterpenes; Stachys; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Oligomers of Amyloid β Prevent Physiological Activation of the Cellular Prion Protein-Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 Complex by Glutamate in Alzheimer Disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Peptide Fragments; Protein Aggregation, Pathological; PrPC Proteins; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5 | 2016 |
Brain glutamic acid decarboxylase-67kDa alterations induced by magnesium treatment in olfactory bulbectomy and chronic mild stress models in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Chronic Disease; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Olfactory Bulb; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Psychological | 2016 |
Involvement of glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in the expression of increased head-dipping behaviors in the hole-board tests of olfactory bulbectomized mice.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Frontal Lobe; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Head Movements; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Muscimol; Olfactory Bulb; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2016 |
Defective glutamate and K+ clearance by cortical astrocytes in familial hemiplegic migraine type 2.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Migraine with Aura; Potassium | 2016 |
Colonic mucosal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mediated visceral hypersensitivity in a mouse model of irritable bowel syndrome.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Colon; Dilatation; Disease Models, Animal; Feces; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pain Threshold; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Viscera | 2016 |
Down-Regulation of Hippocampal Genes Regulating Dopaminergic, GABAergic, and Glutamatergic Function Following Combined Neonatal Phencyclidine and Post-Weaning Social Isolation of Rats as a Neurodevelopmental Model for Schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopaminergic Neurons; GABAergic Neurons; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lamotrigine; Locomotion; Male; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phencyclidine; Phenotype; Prepulse Inhibition; Rats, Inbred Strains; Recognition, Psychology; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Isolation; Sodium Channel Blockers; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Triazines; Weaning | 2016 |
The Role of Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Striatum in Electroacupuncture Treatment of Parkinsonian Rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Sympatholytics; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2017 |
Glutamate release and uptake processes are altered in a new mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Aging; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cations, Monovalent; Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Transgenic; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; RNA-Binding Protein FUS; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2016 |
Evidence in support of using a neurochemistry approach to identify therapy for both epilepsy and associated depression.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Mice; Neurochemistry; Norepinephrine; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Serotonin; Treatment Outcome; Valproic Acid | 2016 |
Altered mechanisms underlying the abnormal glutamate release in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at a pre-symptomatic stage of the disease.
Topics: Actins; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Transgenic; Receptors, Presynaptic; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Synaptosomes | 2016 |
Involvement of hippocampal excitability in amyloid β-induced behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.
Topics: Aggression; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Housing, Animal; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Motor Activity; Peptide Fragments; Recognition, Psychology; Social Isolation; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2016 |
Development and Antiparkinsonian Activity of VU0418506, a Selective Positive Allosteric Modulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 Homomers without Activity at mGlu2/4 Heteromers.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Apomorphine; Brain; Catalepsy; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agonists; Forelimb; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Transfection | 2016 |
Astrocytes are key but indirect contributors to the development of the symptomatology and pathophysiology of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cyclophilin A; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Locomotion; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins | 2016 |
Glutamate-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Opening: Implications for Neuroprotection and Drug Delivery.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Adult; Aged; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Neoplasms; Disease Models, Animal; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glioblastoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroprotective Agents; Permeability; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Stroke; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Age-dependent changes in the glutamate-nitric oxide pathway in the hippocampus of the triple transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease: implications for neurometabolic regulation.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice, Transgenic; Microelectrodes; Mitochondria; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Peroxynitrous Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine | 2016 |
The cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- drives breast tumor cell glutamate release and cancer-induced bone pain.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antiporters; Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cancer Pain; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Glutamic Acid; Heterografts; Metalloporphyrins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Peroxynitrous Acid; Sulfasalazine; Time Factors | 2016 |
MicroRNA 101b Is Downregulated in the Prefrontal Cortex of a Genetic Model of Depression and Targets the Glutamate Transporter SLC1A1 (EAAT3) in Vitro.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Male; MicroRNAs; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Phenotype; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction | 2016 |
Compromised GABAergic inhibition contributes to tumor-associated epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Bumetanide; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; K Cl- Cotransporters; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Nude; Mice, Transgenic; Phosphorylation; Rats; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2; Symporters; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Reduced Glutamate Release in Adult BTBR Mouse Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Behavior, Animal; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Social Behavior; Synaptic Transmission | 2016 |
Gastrin-releasing peptide facilitates glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus and effectively prevents vascular dementia induced cognitive and synaptic plasticity deficits.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cognition Disorders; Dementia, Vascular; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gastrin-Releasing Peptide; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maze Learning; Nerve Net; Neurokinin B; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2017 |
Morphine treatment enhances glutamatergic input onto neurons of the nucleus accumbens via both disinhibitory and stimulating effect.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-α before amyloidosis prevents synaptic deficits in an Alzheimer's disease model.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neuronal Plasticity; Plaque, Amyloid; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2016 |
Antinociceptive Effect of 3-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one in Mice Models of Induced Nociception.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Furans; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ketones; Male; Mice; Nociception; Nociceptive Pain | 2016 |
Low dose of L-glutamic acid attenuated the neurological dysfunctions and excitotoxicity in bilateral common carotid artery occluded mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Male; Memantine; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors | 2016 |
Developmental delay in motor skill acquisition in Niemann-Pick C1 mice reveals abnormal cerebellar morphogenesis.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebellum; Cohort Studies; Developmental Disabilities; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Skills; Myelin Sheath; Neuroglia; Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C; Postural Balance; Proteins; Severity of Illness Index; Synapses | 2016 |
Targeted Metabolomic Pathway Analysis and Validation Revealed Glutamatergic Disorder in the Prefrontal Cortex among the Chronic Social Defeat Stress Mice Model of Depression.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolomics; Mice; Prefrontal Cortex; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stress, Psychological | 2016 |
GPR30 disrupts the balance of GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission in the spinal cord driving to the development of bone cancer pain.
Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cancer Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; GABAergic Neurons; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, GABA; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 2016 |
The role of IL-1β and glutamate in the effects of lipopolysaccharide on the hippocampal electrical kindling of seizures.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interleukin-1beta; Kindling, Neurologic; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 2016 |
Systems biology integration of proteomic data in rodent models of depression reveals involvement of the immune response and glutamatergic signaling.
Topics: Animals; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Proteomics; Rats; Signal Transduction; Systems Biology | 2016 |
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel hydrogen sulfide releasing nicotinic acid derivatives.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Sulfide; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mice; Molecular Structure; Nicotinic Acids; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2016 |
The Role of Primary Motor Cortex (M1) Glutamate and GABA Signaling in l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinsonian Rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Male; Motor Cortex; Movement; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Sympatholytics; Tardive Dyskinesia | 2016 |
Similar Progression of Morphological and Metabolic Phenotype in R6/2 Mice with Different CAG Repeats Revealed by In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Trinucleotide Repeats | 2016 |
Extracellular Protein Kinase A Modulates Intracellular Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and the Glutamate-Nitric Oxide-cGMP Pathway in Cerebellum. Differential Effects in Hyperammonemia.
Topics: Ammonium Compounds; Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cerebellum; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cyclic GMP; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hyperammonemia; Intracellular Space; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Phosphorylation; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2016 |
Synthetic Poly(L-Glutamic Acid)-conjugated CpG Exhibits Antitumor Efficacy With Increased Retention in Tumor and Draining Lymph Nodes After Intratumoral Injection in a Mouse Model of Melanoma.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Lymph Nodes; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; Polymers; Skin Neoplasms; Toll-Like Receptor 9; Tumor Burden | 2017 |
Neural oscillations as a bridge between glutamatergic system and emotional behaviors in simulated microgravity-induced mice.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Food Preferences; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spectrum Analysis; Sucrose; Theta Rhythm; Weightlessness | 2017 |
Neuropsin Inactivation Has Protective Effects against Depressive-Like Behaviours and Memory Impairment Induced by Chronic Stress.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kallikreins; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Stress, Psychological | 2016 |
p75 neurotrophin receptor and its novel interaction partner, NIX, are involved in neuronal apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Male; Membrane Proteins; Neurons; Protein Binding; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Protein Stability; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; Signal Transduction; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Two-Hybrid System Techniques; Ubiquitin; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
Participation of the dentate-rubral pathway in the kindling model of epilepsy.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Locomotion; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Red Nucleus | 2017 |
Methamphetamine Induces Anhedonic-Like Behavior and Impairs Frontal Cortical Energetics in Mice.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Food Preferences; Glucose; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Glucose Transporter Type 3; Glutamic Acid; Grooming; Male; Maze Learning; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity | 2017 |
MDMA decreases glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 67-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus and increases seizure susceptibility: Role for glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hallucinogens; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Up-Regulation | 2016 |
Enzyme activities involved in the glutamate-glutamine cycle are altered to reduce glutamate after spinal cord injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors | 2016 |
Effect of L-pGlu-(1-benzyl)-l-His-l-Pro-NH
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Catalepsy; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Hippocampus; Inflammation Mediators; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Models, Biological; Motor Activity; Neurons; Oxygen; PC12 Cells; Rats; Scopolamine; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 2016 |
Intra-LC microinjection of orexin type-1 receptor antagonist SB-334867 attenuates the expression of glutamate-induced opiate withdrawal like signs during the active phase in rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Naphthyridines; Orexin Receptor Antagonists; Orexins; Rats, Wistar; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Urea | 2017 |
Localization of a mutant SOD1 protein in E40K-heterozygous dogs: Implications for non-cell-autonomous pathogenesis of degenerative myelopathy.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Antibodies; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dogs; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; Lysine; Microfilament Proteins; Mutation; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Transfection | 2017 |
Neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of oxyntomodulin in neuronal cells and a rat model of stroke.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; CREB-Binding Protein; Cyclic AMP; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Locomotion; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxyntomodulin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Stroke | 2017 |
Exercise training attenuates renovascular hypertension partly via RAS- ROS- glutamate pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
Topics: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension, Renovascular; Losartan; Male; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; Receptors, Glutamate; Renin-Angiotensin System; Sedentary Behavior; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase | 2016 |
Optogenetic stimulation of glutamatergic neuronal activity in the striatum enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of normal and stroke mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lateral Ventricles; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Optogenetics; Stem Cell Niche; Stroke; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Functional properties of granule cells with hilar basal dendrites in the epileptic dentate gyrus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Dendrites; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyridazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2017 |
Metabolic fate of glucose in rats with traumatic brain injury and pyruvate or glucose treatments: A NMR spectroscopy study.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pyruvic Acid; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2017 |
Regulation of Mitochondrial Function and Glutamatergic System Are the Target of Guanosine Effect in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine; Male; Mitochondrial Diseases; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2017 |
A developmental study of glutamatergic neuron populations in the ventrobasal and the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus: Comparing Genetic Absence Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) and normal control wistar rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Geniculate Bodies; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2017 |
Endogenous modulation of TrkB signaling by treadmill exercise after peripheral nerve injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Lumbar Vertebrae; Motor Neurons; Neuroglia; Nociception; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, trkB; Receptor, trkC; Running; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord; Synapses; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2017 |
Longitudinal imaging reveals subhippocampal dynamics in glutamate levels associated with histopathologic events in a mouse model of tauopathy and healthy mice.
Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Longitudinal Studies; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Organ Size; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Synaptophysin; tau Proteins; Tauopathies; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2017 |
ASIC channel inhibition enhances excitotoxic neuronal death in an in vitro model of spinal cord injury.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channel Blockers; Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Animals; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Kainic Acid; Mice; Neuroglia; Neurons; Protons; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Synaptic Transmission; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2017 |
Genetic inactivation of glutamate neurons in the rat sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus recapitulates REM sleep behaviour disorder.
Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Cholera Toxin; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 5; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Male; Neurons; Pretectal Region; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Sleep Deprivation; Spectrum Analysis; Stilbamidines | 2017 |
Spinal intracellular metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) contributes to pain and c-fos expression in a rat model of inflammatory pain.
Topics: Animals; Cadherins; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclodextrins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Histone Deacetylase 1; Inflammation; Intracellular Space; Male; Microdialysis; Pain; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Spinal Cord | 2017 |
Influence of Volatile Anesthesia on the Release of Glutamate and other Amino Acids in the Nucleus Accumbens in a Rat Model of Alcohol Withdrawal: A Pilot Study.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Desflurane; Disease Models, Animal; Feeding Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Isoflurane; Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Pilot Projects; Rats, Wistar; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Volatilization | 2017 |
Neuropeptide Y Y2 and Y5 receptors as promising targets for neuroprotection in primary neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and in transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calpain; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gait; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y | 2017 |
The Glutamate Model of Schizophrenia: It's All About Signal Muscarinic Connections.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Receptors, Muscarinic; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction | 2017 |
Transmembrane protein 108 is required for glutamatergic transmission in dentate gyrus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cognition Disorders; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Electroporation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fear; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Post-Synaptic Density; Receptors, AMPA; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; Schizophrenia; Sensory Gating; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Transport Proteins | 2017 |
Glutamatergic Projections from the Entorhinal Cortex to Dorsal Dentate Gyrus Mediate Context-Induced Reinstatement of Heroin Seeking.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Entorhinal Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Saccharin; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
A study of glutamate levels, NR1, NR2A, NR2B receptors and oxidative stress in rat model of Japanese encephalitis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese; Encephalitis, Japanese; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Lipid Peroxidation; Locomotion; Mental Disorders; Muscle Strength; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2017 |
Antinociceptive effect of methanol extract of Dalbergia sissoo leaves in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Cyclic GMP; Dalbergia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; KATP Channels; Mice; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Random Allocation; Signal Transduction | 2017 |
The Effect of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Apoptosis and Autophagy in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Autophagosomes; Autophagy; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Caspase 3; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2; Male; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; PQQ Cofactor; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sincalide | 2017 |
Neuroprotective effects of intrastriatal injection of rapamycin in a mouse model of excitotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Corpus Striatum; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Movement Disorders; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Postural Balance; Potassium Chloride; Quinolinic Acid; Sirolimus; Synaptosomes | 2017 |
Regulation of glutamate transporter trafficking by Nedd4-2 in a Parkinson's disease model.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membranes; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; Parkinson Disease; Protein Kinase C; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Protein Transport; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; Ubiquitination | 2017 |
7-Fluoro-1,3-diphenylisoquinoline-1-amine reverses the reduction in self-care behavior induced by maternal separation stress in rats by modulating glutamatergic/GABAergic systems.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Food Preferences; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Locomotion; Maternal Deprivation; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Self Care; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological; Tritium | 2017 |
Neurovascular uncoupling in the triple transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease: Impaired cerebral blood flow response to neuronal-derived nitric oxide signaling.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Body Weight; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurovascular Coupling; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Presenilin-1; Signal Transduction; tau Proteins | 2017 |
Protective Effect of Resveratrol on the Brain in a Rat Model of Epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
Trans-generation enrichment of clozapine-responsiveness trait in mice using a subchronic hypo-glutamatergic model of schizophrenia:A preliminary study.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Clozapine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phencyclidine; Schizophrenia; Selective Breeding; Social Behavior | 2017 |
Propylparaben applied after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus modifies hippocampal excitability and glutamate release in rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cell Count; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Fluoresceins; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Parabens; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Status Epilepticus | 2017 |
Disrupted Glutamatergic Transmission in Prefrontal Cortex Contributes to Behavioral Abnormality in an Animal Model of ADHD.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methylphenidate; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Sertraline and venlafaxine improves motor performance and neurobehavioral deficit in quinolinic acid induced Huntington's like symptoms in rats: Possible neurotransmitters modulation.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxidative Stress; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rotarod Performance Test; Sertraline; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride | 2017 |
Reduced local input to fast-spiking interneurons in the somatosensory cortex in the GABA
Topics: Action Potentials; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arginine; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Interneurons; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Point Mutation; Receptors, GABA-A; Somatosensory Cortex | 2017 |
P-gp Protein Expression and Transport Activity in Rodent Seizure Models and Human Epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Capillaries; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Up-Regulation | 2017 |
Neuronally-directed effects of RXR activation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Bexarotene; Biomarkers; Cell Survival; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Memory; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Olfactory Bulb; Plaque, Amyloid; Receptors, LDL; Retinoid X Receptors; Synapses; Tetrahydronaphthalenes | 2017 |
Deficits in the activity of presynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptors contribute to altered neuronal excitability in fragile X syndrome.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Receptors, GABA-B; RNA, Messenger; Serine; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Astrocyte transport of glutamate and neuronal activity reciprocally modulate tau pathology in Drosophila.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drosophila melanogaster; Drosophila Proteins; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; tau Proteins | 2017 |
Nardostachys jatamansi Targets BDNF-TrkB to Alleviate Ketamine-Induced Schizophrenia-Like Symptoms in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Male; Nardostachys; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Rats; Receptor, trkB; Schizophrenia | 2016 |
Alterations of Glutamate and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Expressions in Normal and Myopic Eye Development in Guinea Pigs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Axial Length, Eye; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Myopia; Retina; RNA, Messenger | 2017 |
Altered Metabolic Profiles Associate with Toxicity in SOD1
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Coculture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Metabolome; Mice; Motor Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2017 |
Dendritic stratification differs among retinal OFF bipolar cell types in the absence of rod photoreceptors.
Topics: Animals; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; Dendritic Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Eye Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Retinal Bipolar Cells; Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Synapses | 2017 |
Neurons and astrocytes in an infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) mouse model show characteristic alterations in glutamate-induced Ca
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium Signaling; Coculture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Group VI Phospholipases A2; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuroaxonal Dystrophies; Neurons | 2017 |
N-Adamantyl-4-Methylthiazol-2-Amine Attenuates Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Brain.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azetidines; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex IV; Encephalitis; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mitochondria; Naphthalenes; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2017 |
Altered functional efficacy of hippocampal interneuron during epileptogenesis following febrile seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agents; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interneurons; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B; Seizures; Seizures, Febrile; Synaptic Transmission | 2017 |
Immunological alteration & toxic molecular inductions leading to cognitive impairment & neurotoxicity in transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Cognition Disorders; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Flow Cytometry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Inflammation; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Oxidative Stress | 2017 |
The BTBR Mouse, Sociability, and Reduced Glutamate Release: A Role for Endogenous Dynorphin?
Topics: Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Social Behavior | 2017 |
Plasticity of lumbosacral propriospinal neurons is associated with the development of autonomic dysreflexia after thoracic spinal cord transection.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Antibodies; Autonomic Dysreflexia; Biotin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lumbosacral Region; Nerve Fibers; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2008 |
Deregulation of PKN1 activity disrupts neurofilament organisation and axonal transport.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Axonal Transport; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2008 |
Medial septal beta-amyloid 1-40 injections alter septo-hippocampal anatomy and function.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cholinergic Fibers; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Septal Nuclei; Theta Rhythm | 2010 |
Seizure responses and induction of Fos by the NMDA agonist (tetrazol-5-yl)glycine in a genetic model of NMDA receptor hypofunction.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothalamus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Septal Nuclei; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrazoles | 2008 |
GABAergic mechanism mediated via D receptors in the rat periaqueductal gray participates in the micturition reflex: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Reflex; Sympatholytics; Urination | 2008 |
Quercetin: further investigation of its antinociceptive properties and mechanisms of action.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Capsaicin; Cholinergic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Formaldehyde; GABA Agents; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Quercetin; Reaction Time; Serotonin Antagonists; Signal Transduction | 2008 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit dysfunction at hippocampal glutamatergic synapses in an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Species Specificity; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Analysis of FK506-mediated protection in an organotypic model of spinal cord damage: heat shock protein 70 levels are modulated in microglial cells.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcineurin; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethidium; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Immunosuppressive Agents; Microglia; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Spinal Cord Injuries; Tacrolimus; Time Factors; Tubulin | 2008 |
Evidence for the involvement of ionotropic glutamatergic receptors on the antinociceptive effect of (-)-linalool in mice.
Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Monoterpenes; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Glutamate | 2008 |
Neuroprotection by group I mGlu receptors in a rat hippocampal slice model of cerebral ischemia is associated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway: a novel postconditioning strategy?
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Oncogene Protein v-akt; Organ Culture Techniques; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Propidium; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2008 |
Conditional deletion of the NMDA-NR1 receptor subunit gene in the central nucleus of the amygdala inhibits naloxone-induced conditioned place aversion in morphine-dependent mice.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cell Shape; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Deletion; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Implantation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a neuroprotective therapy for ischemic stroke in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Time Factors; Umbilical Cord | 2008 |
Functional and structural modifications during retinal degeneration in the rd10 mouse.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Retina; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Time Factors | 2008 |
Rapid cortico-limbic alterations in AMPA receptor densities after administration of PCP: implications for schizophrenia.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Limbic System; Muscarinic Antagonists; Phencyclidine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor Aggregation; Receptor, Muscarinic M1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Time Factors | 2008 |
Repeated exposure to cocaine alters the modulation of mesocorticolimbic glutamate transmission by medial prefrontal cortex Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Cystine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Neural Pathways; Prefrontal Cortex; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Ventral Tegmental Area; Xanthenes | 2008 |
Regulation of interleukin-1beta by the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in the glutamate-injured spinal cord: endogenous neuroprotection.
Topics: Animals; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Interleukin-1; Recovery of Function; Spinal Cord Injuries; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Interplay between glutamate and serotonin within the dorsal periaqueductal gray modulates anxiety-related behavior of rats exposed to the elevated plus-maze.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; N-Methylaspartate; Periaqueductal Gray; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 2008 |
GluR6-containing KA receptor mediates the activation of p38 MAP kinase in rat hippocampal CA1 region during brain ischemia injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; GluK2 Kainate Receptor; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; MAP Kinase Kinase 3; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 11; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Phosphorylation; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reperfusion Injury; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Apomorphine-induced differences in cortical and striatal EEG and their glutamatergic mediation in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.
Topics: Alpha Rhythm; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal; Beta Rhythm; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Delta Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Osmotic Fragility; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympatholytics; Theta Rhythm | 2008 |
Investigation on tolerance development to subchronic blockade of mGluR5 in models of learning, anxiety, and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Learning Disabilities; Levodopa; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Thiazoles | 2008 |
Enhanced glutamatergic phenotype of mesencephalic dopamine neurons after neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine lesion.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mesencephalon; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phenotype; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Sympatholytics; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Ventral Tegmental Area; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2008 |
Increased glutamate receptor gene expression in the cerebral cortex of insulin induced hypoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Glucose; Cerebral Cortex; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Male; Protein Binding; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Tritium | 2008 |
Dopaminergic but not glutamatergic neurotransmission is increased in the striatum after selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in normal and hemiparkinsonian rats.
Topics: Animals; Celecoxib; Corpus Striatum; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Nigra; Sulfonamides; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Acute subdural hematoma in pigs: role of volume on multiparametric neuromonitoring and histology.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Swine | 2008 |
Effects of nicotine infusion on striatal glutamate and cortical non-protein-bound iron in hypoxic newborn piglets.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Iron; Neuroprotective Agents; Nicotine; Random Allocation; Swine | 2008 |
Protective effect of aspartate and glutamate on cardiac mitochondrial function during myocardial infarction in experimental rats.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Isoproterenol; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Succinic Acid | 2008 |
HSP70 expression protects against hippocampal neurodegeneration induced by endogenous glutamate in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electroencephalography; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Male; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2008 |
Episodic memory deficits are not related to altered glutamatergic synaptic transmission and plasticity in the CA1 hippocampus of the APPswe/PS1δE9-deleted transgenic mice model of ß-amyloidosis.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloidosis; Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Presenilin-1; Presynaptic Terminals; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Behavioral recovery in MPTP-treated monkeys: neurochemical mechanisms studied by intrastriatal microdialysis.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chlorocebus aethiops; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Movement; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinsonian Disorders; Recovery of Function; Serotonin; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Decreased striatal dopamine release underlies increased expression of long-term synaptic potentiation at corticostriatal synapses 24 h after 3-nitropropionic-acid-induced chemical hypoxia.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Movement; Neural Pathways; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Glial pathology in an animal model of depression: reversal of stress-induced cellular, metabolic and behavioral deficits by the glutamate-modulating drug riluzole.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavioral Symptoms; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Food Preferences; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Isotopes; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Prefrontal Cortex; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riluzole; RNA, Messenger; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose; Sweetening Agents | 2010 |
Neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on acute metabolic and pathological changes in experimentally induced neurotrauma.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Erythropoietin; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2008 |
Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities of rat brain during crush syndrome.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Brain; Crush Syndrome; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Time Factors | 2008 |
Palmitoylation-dependent neurodevelopmental deficits in a mouse model of 22q11 microdeletion.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Animals; Brain Diseases; Cells, Cultured; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22; Dendrites; Dendritic Spines; Diagnostic Imaging; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Guanylate Kinases; Hippocampus; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Synapses; Transfection | 2008 |
Increased AMPA receptor GluR1 subunit incorporation in rat hippocampal CA1 synapses during benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Neuronal Plasticity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Exposure to cyclic intermittent hypoxia increases expression of functional NMDA receptors in the rat carotid body.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Blotting, Western; Carotid Body; Carotid Sinus; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Endothelin-1; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Membrane Proteins; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Genetic inactivation of adenosine A2A receptors attenuates acute traumatic brain injury in the mouse cortical impact model.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nervous System Diseases; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2009 |
Acid sensing ion channel (ASIC) inhibitors exhibit anxiolytic-like activity in preclinical pharmacological models.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Amiloride; Amygdala; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Exploratory Behavior; Fever; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Naphthalenes; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Spider Venoms; Stress, Psychological | 2009 |
Differential prepuberal handling modifies behaviour and excitatory amino acids in the forebrain of the Naples High-Excitability rats.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Handling, Psychological; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Maze Learning; Motor Activity; Prefrontal Cortex; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Space Perception | 2009 |
Ultrastructure protection and attenuation of lipid peroxidation after blockade of presynaptic release of glutamate by lamotrigine in experimental spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Peroxidase; Laminectomy; Lamotrigine; Lipid Peroxidation; Malondialdehyde; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Presynaptic Terminals; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Superoxide Dismutase; Triazines | 2008 |
The neuroprotective effects of benzylideneacetophenone derivatives on excitotoxicity and inflammation via phosphorylated Janus tyrosine kinase 2/phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and mitogen-activated protein K pathways.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chalcone; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inflammation; Janus Kinase 2; Lipopolysaccharides; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Microglia; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Nitric Oxide; Phosphorylation; Propiophenones; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors | 2009 |
Redox modulation at the peripheral site alters nociceptive transmission in vivo.
Topics: Alkylating Agents; Analgesics; Animals; Azoles; Behavior, Animal; Buthionine Sulfoximine; Disease Models, Animal; Dithiothreitol; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Iodoacetates; Isoindoles; Mice; Organoselenium Compounds; Oxidation-Reduction; Pain; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reducing Agents; Signal Transduction; Sulfhydryl Compounds | 2009 |
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed choline reduction in the visual cortex in an experimental model of chronic glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Choline; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Visual Cortex | 2009 |
The beta-lactam antibiotic, ceftriaxone, dramatically improves survival, increases glutamate uptake and induces neurotrophins in stroke.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Infarction; Ceftriaxone; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-6; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; RNA, Messenger; Stroke; Survival Rate | 2008 |
Neurochemical changes in a mouse model of Rett syndrome: changes over time and in response to perinatal choline nutritional supplementation.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Histone Deacetylases; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nootropic Agents; Rett Syndrome; Spectrum Analysis | 2009 |
The novel nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonist Trap-101 alleviates experimental parkinsonism through inhibition of the nigro-thalamic pathway: positive interaction with L-DOPA.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzimidazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Narcotic Antagonists; Neural Pathways; Nociceptin Receptor; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Nigra; Thalamus; Time Factors | 2008 |
Neuroprotection and enhanced neurogenesis by extract from the tropical plant Knema laurina after inflammatory damage in living brain tissue.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Encephalitis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lipopolysaccharides; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; Mice; Microglia; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Myristicaceae; Neurogenesis; Neuropeptides; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts | 2009 |
Renewed cocaine exposure produces transient alterations in nucleus accumbens AMPA receptor-mediated behavior.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Excitatory amino acids in the forebrain of the Naples high-excitability rats: neurochemical and behavioural effects of subchronic D-aspartate and its diethyl ester prodrug.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Excitatory Amino Acids; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Injections, Subcutaneous; Maze Learning; Motor Activity; Prefrontal Cortex; Prodrugs; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Space Perception; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Fgf-2 overexpression increases excitability and seizure susceptibility but decreases seizure-induced cell loss.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Female; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Growth Cones; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Degeneration; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Synaptic Vesicles | 2008 |
Swimming training prevents pentylenetetrazol-induced inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activity, seizures, and oxidative stress.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Exercise Therapy; Fluoresceins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Oxidative Stress; Pentylenetetrazole; Protein Carbonylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seizures; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Statistics as Topic; Superoxide Dismutase; Swimming; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances | 2009 |
Astroglial and cognitive effects of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biomarkers; Carotid Stenosis; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Aberrant differentiation of glutamatergic cells in neocortex of mouse model for fragile X syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Differentiation; Cell Lineage; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Glutamic Acid; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Neocortex; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Pyramidal Cells; Stem Cells; T-Box Domain Proteins | 2009 |
Metabolic fate of isoleucine in a rat model of hepatic encephalopathy and in cultured neural cells exposed to ammonia.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Cholestasis; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Isoleucine; Muscle, Skeletal; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Elevated forebrain excitatory L-glutamate, L-aspartate and D-aspartate in the Naples high-excitability rats.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Maze Learning; Prefrontal Cortex; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Space Perception | 2009 |
Repeated alcohol administration during adolescence causes changes in the mesolimbic dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems and promotes alcohol intake in the adult rat.
Topics: Aging; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Stimulation of delta opioid receptors located in substantia nigra reticulata but not globus pallidus or striatum restores motor activity in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats: new insights into the role of delta receptors in parkinsonism.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzamides; Bicuculline; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hindlimb Suspension; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piperazines; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Substantia Nigra; Thiophenes; Time Factors | 2008 |
Enhanced pronociception by amygdaloid group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in nerve-injured animals.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neural Pathways; Nociceptors; Pain; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reticular Formation; Synapses; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Neuroadaptations in the cellular and postsynaptic group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 and Homer proteins following extinction of cocaine self-administration.
Topics: Actins; Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carrier Proteins; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Neonatal status epilepticus alters prefrontal-striatal circuitry and enhances methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in adolescence.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glutamic Acid; Lithium Compounds; Male; Methamphetamine; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Pilocarpine; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RGS Proteins; Status Epilepticus | 2009 |
Oxaloacetate restores the long-term potentiation impaired in rat hippocampus CA1 region by 2-vessel occlusion.
Topics: Animals; Carotid Arteries; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Oxaloacetic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Abnormal network activity in a targeted genetic model of human double cortex.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Doublecortin Domain Proteins; Doublecortin Protein; Electroporation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Malformations of Cortical Development; Membrane Potentials; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Pregnancy; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Small Interfering; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Valine | 2009 |
Neural basis of psychosis-related behaviour in the infection model of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neurons; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Psychotic Disorders; Rats; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Sensory Gating; Serotonin | 2009 |
Haploinsufficiency of glutamine synthetase increases susceptibility to experimental febrile seizures.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Haplotypes; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Reaction Time; Seizures, Febrile; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vimentin | 2009 |
Gray matter metabolism in acute and chronic hydrocephalus.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Mapping; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hydrocephalus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Inositol; Kaolin; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Tritium | 2009 |
Ginsenosides protect striatal neurons in a cellular model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Ginsenosides; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Impaired striatal D2 receptor function leads to enhanced GABA transmission in a mouse model of DYT1 dystonia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonic Disorders; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Molecular Chaperones; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Inhibition of Ca(2+)-dependent glutamate release from cerebral cortex synaptosomes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Calcium Signaling; Cattle; Cerebral Cortex; Cytosol; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Phosphorylation; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synapsins; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Repeated cocaine administration decreases 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated serotonergic enhancement of synaptic activity in rat medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; GTP-Binding Proteins; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; Serotonin Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Effect of a dominant-negative form of ADAM10 in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAM10 Protein; Age Factors; Alanine; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Isoleucine; Maze Learning; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Reaction Time; Swimming; Valine | 2009 |
[Effects of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae on the anxiety behavior of the yin deficiency mice].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Phytotherapy; Random Allocation; Receptors, GABA-A; Yin Deficiency; Ziziphus | 2008 |
Cardioprotective effect of L-glutamate in obese type 2 diabetic Zucker fatty rats.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Cardiotonic Agents; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Obesity; Perfusion; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Zucker; RNA, Messenger; Sarcolemma; Time Factors; Ventricular Function, Left | 2009 |
Pre-ischemic treadmill training affects glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid levels in the striatal dialysate of a rat model of cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Test; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Microdialysis; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2009 |
Rethinking a drug treatment failure on a traditional ALS target.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Masoprocol; Treatment Failure | 2009 |
NMDA receptors mediate an early up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in substantia nigra in a rat model of presymptomatic Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Cerebral energy failure following experimental cardiac arrest Hypothermia treatment reduces secondary lactate/pyruvate-ratio increase.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid; Random Allocation; Rewarming; Swine; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Ischemia independent lesion evolution during focal stroke in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antipyrine; Autoradiography; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2009 |
Pharmacological modulation of glutamate transmission in a rat model of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: effects on motor behavior and striatal nuclear signaling.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Reduction in programmed cell death and improvement in functional outcome of transient focal cerebral ischemia after administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in rats. Laboratory investigation.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Motor Activity; Neuroblastoma; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Recovery of Function; RNA, Messenger | 2009 |
Filicene obtained from Adiantum cuneatum interacts with the cholinergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and tachykinergic systems to exert antinociceptive effect in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Adiantum; Analgesics; Animals; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Molecular Structure; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plants, Medicinal; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Tachykinin; Triterpenes | 2009 |
Targeting glial physiology and glutamate cycling in the treatment of depression.
Topics: Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neuroglia; Riluzole; Stress, Psychological | 2009 |
Differential loss and preservation of glutamate receptor function in bipolar cells in the rd10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Light; Longitudinal Studies; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Retinal Bipolar Cells; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Retinitis Pigmentosa | 2009 |
Persistent zinc depletion in the mossy fiber terminals in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Cation Transport Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Midazolam; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Synapsins; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Zinc | 2009 |
Prepulse inhibition and genetic mouse models of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Environment; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Net; Phenotype; Schizophrenia; Sensory Gating | 2009 |
Absence of SPARC leads to impaired lens circulation.
Topics: Animals; Cataract; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Eye Proteins; Fluorescein; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Lens Capsule, Crystalline; Lens, Crystalline; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Osteonectin; Vacuoles | 2009 |
Increased vulnerability to depressive-like behavior of mice with decreased expression of VGLUT1.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Electron Transport Complex IV; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neuropsychological Tests; Recognition, Psychology; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2009 |
Cystatin B deficiency sensitizes neurons to oxidative stress in progressive myoclonus epilepsy, EPM1.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cathepsin B; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Galactosides; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Rats; RNA, Small Interfering; Transfection; Unverricht-Lundborg Syndrome | 2009 |
Characterization of chronic glutamate-mediated motor neuron toxicity in organotypic spinal cord culture prepared from ALS model mice.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Caspase 12; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase | 2009 |
Increased glutamate and decreased glycine release in the rostral ventromedial medulla during induction of a pre-clinical model of chronic widespread muscle pain.
Topics: Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microdialysis; Muscle, Skeletal; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensory System Agents; Sodium Chloride | 2009 |
Involvement of glutamate and cytokine pathways on antinociceptive effect of Pfaffia glomerata in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Amaranthaceae; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cycloleucine; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Spinal; Interleukin-1beta; Mice; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2009 |
Neurophysiological and neurochemical animal models of schizophrenia: focus on glutamate.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Glutamic Acid; Haplorhini; Humans; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Repeated 4-aminopyridine induced seizures diminish the efficacy of glutamatergic transmission in the neocortex.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cobalt; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neocortex; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Neonatal polyI:C treatment in mice results in schizophrenia-like behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anxiety; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Memory; Mice; Motor Activity; Polynucleotides; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Schizophrenia; Sensory Gating; Social Behavior | 2009 |
Abnormal sensitivity of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the striatum of mice with experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dronabinol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Inhibition; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
The effects of group III mGluR ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling of seizures and hippocampal amino acids concentration.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Taurine | 2009 |
Neuroprotective effect of memantine combined with topiramate in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fructose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Memantine; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Topiramate; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Impaired glutamate homeostasis and programmed cell death in a chronic MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; Animals; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Biological Transport, Active; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Probenecid; Signal Transduction; Substantia Nigra; Up-Regulation; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2009 |
GM-CSF regulates the ERK1/2 pathways and protects injured retinal ganglion cells from induced death.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-Associated Death Protein; Blotting, Western; Butadienes; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Humans; Hydroxylamines; MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Nitriles; Nitro Compounds; Optic Nerve Injuries; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Staurosporine | 2009 |
Assessment of NMDA receptor NR1 subunit hypofunction in mice as a model for schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Auditory Diseases, Central; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Neural Inhibition; Perceptual Disorders; Phenotype; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Social Behavior; Visual Pathways | 2009 |
GIF-0173 protects against cerebral infarction through DP1 receptor activation.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dantrolene; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hydantoins; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Intracellular Fluid; Lactones; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Prostaglandin D2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Sesquiterpenes; Severity of Illness Index; Tetrazolium Salts | 2009 |
Exercise attenuates the clinical, synaptic and dendritic abnormalities of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, CD; Corpus Striatum; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Dronabinol; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Movement Disorders; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptide Fragments; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Silver Staining; Statistics, Nonparametric; Synapses; Synaptic Potentials | 2009 |
Transcriptome profiling reveals TGF-beta signaling involvement in epileptogenesis.
Topics: Action Potentials; Albumins; Animals; Antibodies; Astrocytes; Benzamides; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cluster Analysis; Dioxoles; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Genome-Wide Association Study; Glutamic Acid; Immunoprecipitation; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation; Ion Channels; Male; Microarray Analysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Smad2 Protein; Statistics, Nonparametric; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 | 2009 |
Diabetes induces neural degeneration in nucleus ambiguus (NA) and attenuates heart rate control in OVE26 mice.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Baroreflex; Bradycardia; Diabetes Complications; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Heart Conduction System; Heart Rate; Medulla Oblongata; Mice; Microinjections; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Reflex, Abnormal; Vagus Nerve Diseases | 2009 |
Nitroxyl exacerbates ischemic cerebral injury and oxidative neurotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Infarction; Cells, Cultured; Dinoprost; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; F2-Isoprostanes; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitrites; Nitrogen Oxides; Oxidative Stress; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Time Factors | 2009 |
Synaptopathy under conditions of altered gravity: changes in synaptic vesicle fusion and glutamate release.
Topics: Acridine Orange; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Cell Compartmentation; Cognition Disorders; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hypergravity; Magnesium; Male; Membrane Fusion; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptosomes | 2009 |
Excitotoxic motoneuron degeneration induced by glutamate receptor agonists and mitochondrial toxins in organotypic cultures of chick embryo spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Signaling; Chick Embryo; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Malonates; Mitochondria; Motor Neuron Disease; Motor Neurons; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Organ Culture Techniques; Propionates; Riluzole; Spinal Cord | 2009 |
1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline antagonizes a rise in brain dopamine metabolism, glutamate release in frontal cortex and locomotor hyperactivity produced by MK-801 but not the disruptions of prepulse inhibition, and impairment of working memory in
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Hyperkinesis; Inhibition, Psychological; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurochemistry; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reflex, Startle; Tetrahydroisoquinolines | 2009 |
Neuroprotective effects of a standardized flavonoid extract from Diospyros kaki leaves.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury | 2009 |
Adenosine A 2A receptor deficiency reduces striatal glutamate outflow and attenuates brain injury induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Fluid; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Astrocytic dysfunction in epileptogenesis: consequence of altered potassium and glutamate homeostasis?
Topics: Albumins; Animals; Astrocytes; Computer Simulation; Deoxycholic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Models, Neurological; Neocortex; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Ceftriaxone restores glutamate homeostasis and prevents relapse to cocaine seeking.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antioxidants; Ceftriaxone; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Cystine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Administration; Time Factors; Tritium | 2010 |
Altered distribution and function of A2A adenosine receptors in the brain of WAG/Rij rats with genetic absence epilepsy, before and after appearance of the disease.
Topics: Adenosine; Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Microinjections; Phenethylamines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Somatosensory Cortex; Thalamus; Triazoles | 2009 |
Mazindol attenuates ketamine-induced cognitive deficit in the attentional set shifting task in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Attention; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition Disorders; Discrimination, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Imidazoles; Indoles; Ketamine; Male; Mazindol; Microdialysis; Neuropsychological Tests; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2010 |
Guanosine prevents thermal hyperalgesia in a rat model of peripheral mononeuropathy.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Central Nervous System; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine; Hyperalgesia; Male; Movement Disorders; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sciatica; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2010 |
Neuron-glia communication via EphA4/ephrin-A3 modulates LTP through glial glutamate transport.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Biophysics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Ephrin-A3; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroglia; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pentylenetetrazole; Receptor, EphA4; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
CaMKII phosphorylates collapsin response mediator protein 2 and modulates axonal damage during glutamate excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Brain; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Semaphorin-3A; Signal Transduction; Transfection; Tubulin | 2009 |
Glutamate carboxypeptidase inhibition reduces the severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in rat.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Body Weight; Carboxypeptidases; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2010 |
Neuro-inflammation induced in the hippocampus of 'binge drinking' rats may be mediated by elevated extracellular glutamate content.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Macrophages, Alveolar; Microdialysis; Microglia; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Piccolo knockdown-induced impairments of spatial learning and long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 region.
Topics: Animals; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuropeptides; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium | 2010 |
Evidence for a separate mechanism of toxicity for the Type I and the Type II pyrethroid insecticides.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcium; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Glutamic Acid; Insecticides; Ion Channel Gating; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Neuroblastoma; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Principal Component Analysis; Pyrethrins; Rats; Synaptosomes; Xenopus | 2009 |
Simulated whiplash modulates expression of the glutamatergic system in the spinal cord suggesting spinal plasticity is associated with painful dynamic cervical facet loading.
Topics: Animals; Arthralgia; Cervical Vertebrae; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neck Pain; Neuronal Plasticity; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sensory Receptor Cells; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Weight-Bearing; Whiplash Injuries; Zygapophyseal Joint | 2010 |
Effects of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, on memory disturbance and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in thiamine-deficient rats.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anxiety; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fungi; Glutamic Acid; Magnoliopsida; Male; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Medicine, Kampo; Memory Disorders; Neurons; Phytotherapy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Social Behavior; Thiamine Deficiency | 2009 |
Increased glutamate-stimulated release of dopamine in substantia nigra of a rat model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder--lack of effect of methylphenidate.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methylphenidate; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Species Specificity; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Hyperhomocysteinemia selectively alters expression and stoichiometry of intermediate filament and induces glutamate- and calcium-mediated mechanisms in rat brain during development.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperhomocysteinemia; In Vitro Techniques; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Intermediate Filaments; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel | 2010 |
How high-resolution basal-state functional imaging can guide the development of new pharmacotherapies for schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Blood Volume; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Net; Psychotropic Drugs; Receptors, Glutamate; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Transmission | 2009 |
Early excitability changes in lumbar motoneurons of transgenic SOD1G85R and SOD1G(93A-Low) mice.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Arginine; Biophysical Phenomena; Biophysics; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Interneurons; Lumbosacral Region; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nifedipine; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Riluzole; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2009 |
Regulation of increased glutamatergic input to spinal dorsal horn neurons by mGluR5 in diabetic neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Chromones; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pain Measurement; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Spinal Cord | 2010 |
Increased sensitivity to kainic acid in a genetic model of reduced NMDA receptor function.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Genetic; Neural Inhibition; Oncogene Proteins v-fos; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Seizures | 2010 |
Differential roles of peripheral metabotropic glutamate receptors in bee venom-induced nociception and inflammation in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Bee Venoms; Consciousness; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Foot; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Male; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sensory Receptor Cells; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Activation of NMDA receptors in the brainstem, rostral ventromedial medulla, and nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis mediates mechanical hyperalgesia produced by repeated intramuscular injections of acidic saline in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Efferent Pathways; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Diseases; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reticular Formation; Sensory Receptor Cells; Sodium Chloride; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor is a functional marker of nociceptive myelinated fibers responsible for neuropathic pain.
Topics: 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Piperidines; Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 2; Reflex; Sciatica; Signal Transduction; Time Factors; TRPV Cation Channels | 2010 |
The neuroprotective effect of cannabidiol in an in vitro model of newborn hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in mice is mediated by CB(2) and adenosine receptors.
Topics: Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Brain; Cannabidiol; Caspase Inhibitors; Caspases; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-6; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Receptors, Purinergic P1 | 2010 |
Up-regulation of the type 3 ryanodine receptor is neuroprotective in the TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Potassium; Presenilin-1; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Protection in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity by imidazoline receptor agonist moxonidine.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Imidazoles; Imidazoline Receptors; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2009 |
BMAA neurotoxicity in Drosophila.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids, Diamino; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyanobacteria Toxins; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drosophila melanogaster; Female; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Longevity; Lysine; Male; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Neurotoxins | 2009 |
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of regional brain metabolite markers in FALS mice and the effects of dietary creatine supplementation.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol; Linear Models; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Protons; Spectrum Analysis; Superoxide Dismutase | 2009 |
Susceptibility to stress in young rats after 2-week zinc deprivation.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Corticosterone; Depressive Disorder; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mental Disorders; Neurons; Neuropsychological Tests; Potassium Chloride; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological; Up-Regulation; Zinc | 2010 |
Suppressive effects of intrathecal granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on excessive release of excitatory amino acids in the spinal cerebrospinal fluid of rats with cord ischemia: role of glutamate transporters.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesias; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Injections, Spinal; Male; Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated; Neuroprotective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Ischemia | 2010 |
Mutant mouse models: genotype-phenotype relationships to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Mutational Analysis; Dopamine; Genetic Association Studies; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Motivation; Phenotype; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Social Behavior | 2010 |
Cannabidiol, a nonpsychotropic component of cannabis, inhibits cue-induced heroin seeking and normalizes discrete mesolimbic neuronal disturbances.
Topics: Animals; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Limbic System; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, AMPA; Treatment Outcome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Profile for amyloid-beta and tau expression in primary cortical cultures from 3xTg-AD mice.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Phosphorylation; tau Proteins | 2010 |
The novel neurotensin analog NT69L blocks phencyclidine (PCP)-induced increases in locomotor activity and PCP-induced increases in monoamine and amino acids levels in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Biogenic Monoamines; Central Nervous System Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Motor Activity; Neurotensin; Norepinephrine; Peptide Fragments; Phencyclidine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Serotonin | 2010 |
Aspartate and glutamate prevents isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxicity by alleviating oxidative stress in rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antioxidants; Aspartic Acid; Cardiotonic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Isoproterenol; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2011 |
Ferroportin is a manganese-responsive protein that decreases manganese cytotoxicity and accumulation.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cation Transport Proteins; Cell Line, Transformed; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ecdysterone; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Intracellular Space; Manganese; Manganese Poisoning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Transfection | 2010 |
Chronic hyperammonemia induces tonic activation of NMDA receptors in cerebellum.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperammonemia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Microdialysis; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitrites; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine; Statistics, Nonparametric; Subcellular Fractions; Threonine | 2010 |
AAV-mediated chronic over-expression of SNAP-25 in adult rat dorsal hippocampus impairs memory-associated synaptic plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Biophysics; Cell Line, Transformed; Conditioning, Classical; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Exploratory Behavior; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Microdialysis; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Transduction, Genetic; Transfection | 2010 |
A role of periaqueductal grey NR2B-containing NMDA receptor in mediating persistent inflammatory pain.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nociceptors; Organ Culture Techniques; Pain Measurement; Pain, Intractable; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Periaqueductal Gray; Phenols; Piperidines; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Endogenous nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) contributes to haloperidol-induced changes of nigral amino acid transmission and parkinsonism: a combined microdialysis and behavioral study in naïve and nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzimidazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuropharmacology; Nociceptin; Nociceptin Receptor; Opioid Peptides; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piperidines; Receptors, Opioid; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
An anti-nociceptive role for ceftriaxone in chronic neuropathic pain in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Ceftriaxone; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Pain Threshold; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Sciatica; Spinal Cord; Time Factors; Tritium; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on ischemic injury mediated by modulating the release of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Brain Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanolamines; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothalamus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Resveratrol; Stilbenes; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Testing the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interneurons; Mice; Models, Biological; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 2010 |
Altered balance of gamma-aminobutyric acidergic and glutamatergic afferent inputs in rostral ventrolateral medulla-projecting neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of renovascular hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular System; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension, Renovascular; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Kidney; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Oxytocin; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reticular Formation; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2010 |
Acupuncture attenuates extracellular glutamate level in global ischemia model of rat.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Chronic hypertension enhances presynaptic inhibition by baclofen in the nucleus of the solitary tract.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Baroreflex; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Male; Neurons; Pressoreceptors; Presynaptic Terminals; Probability; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Solitary Nucleus; Synaptic Potentials; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
A novel recessive Nefl mutation causes a severe, early-onset axonal neuropathy.
Topics: Adolescent; Age of Onset; Animals; Axons; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; DNA Mutational Analysis; Family Health; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Neural Conduction; Neurofilament Proteins; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Severity of Illness Index; Sural Nerve; Young Adult | 2009 |
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor 2B subunit in spinal cord contributes to remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia: the preventive effect of ketamine.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation Mediators; Ketamine; Male; Nociceptors; Pain, Postoperative; Phosphorylation; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Remifentanil; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine | 2009 |
Monosodium glutamate neonatal treatment as a seizure and excitotoxic model.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biosensing Techniques; Cerebral Ventricles; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Motor Activity; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Sodium Glutamate; Time Factors | 2010 |
Modulation of astrocyte glutamate transporters decreases seizures in a mouse model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Ceftriaxone; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Survival Rate; Tuberous Sclerosis; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Efficacy of 3,5-dibromo-L-phenylalanine in rat models of stroke, seizures and sensorimotor gating deficit.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Endothelin-1; Gait Disorders, Neurologic; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenylalanine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex, Startle; Seizures; Stroke | 2009 |
Methionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutamine synthetase, lowers brain glutamine and glutamate in a mouse model of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biomarkers; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Methionine Sulfoximine; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Cortex; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Neuroprotective and neuroproliferative activities of NeuroAid (MLC601, MLC901), a Chinese medicine, in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Stroke; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy detection of neurotransmitters in dorsomedial medulla correlate with spontaneous baroreceptor reflex function.
Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure Determination; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neurochemistry; Neurotransmitter Agents; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Vagus Nerve | 2010 |
Ca(2+)-dependent reduction of glutamate aspartate transporter GLAST expression in astrocytes by P2X(7) receptor-mediated phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Benzoxazoles; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Neurons; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Quinolinium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Purinergic P2; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord Injuries; Transfection | 2010 |
Fetal cerebral energy metabolism and electrocardiogram during experimental umbilical cord occlusion and resuscitation.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Disease Models, Animal; Electrocardiography; Energy Metabolism; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Lactic Acid; Pregnancy; Pyruvic Acid; Sheep; Umbilical Cord | 2010 |
Cortical regulation of striatal medium spiny neuron dendritic remodeling in parkinsonism: modulation of glutamate release reverses dopamine depletion-induced dendritic spine loss.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Fluoresceins; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Organic Chemicals; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Silver Staining | 2010 |
[Study on the mechanism of electroacupuncture of different acupoint groups in the treatment of cerebrocardiac syndrome in rats].
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2009 |
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 are both required for ischaemic excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microsomes; Neurons; Prostaglandin-E Synthases; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke | 2010 |
Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Administration Schedule; Electrochemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Microdialysis; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Physical Stimulation; Pregabalin; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Sciatica; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2010 |
In vitro activation of GAT1 transporters expressed in spinal cord gliosomes stimulates glutamate release that is abnormally elevated in the SOD1/G93A(+) mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Calcium; Chelating Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazic Acid; GABA Agents; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nipecotic Acids; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase | 2010 |
Mutant huntingtin in glial cells exacerbates neurological symptoms of Huntington disease mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroglia; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Phenotype; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion | 2010 |
Glutamate stimulation of retinal ganglion cells in normal and s334ter-4 rat retinas: a candidate for a neurotransmitter-based retinal prosthesis.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Photic Stimulation; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Prostheses and Implants; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2010 |
Defects of synaptic vesicle turnover at excitatory and inhibitory synapses in Niemann-Pick C1-deficient neurons.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; Niemann-Pick Diseases; Presynaptic Terminals; Proteins; Reaction Time; Synapses; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles | 2010 |
Lesion of the ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus blocks acute cocaine-induced changes in striatal glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Neurosurgical Procedures; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2010 |
N-antipyrine-3, 4-dichloromaleimide, an effective cyclic imide for the treatment of chronic pain: the role of the glutamatergic system.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Antipyrine; Behavior, Animal; Carrageenan; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Formaldehyde; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Reaction Time; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sciatic Nerve; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2010 |
Nicotine self-administration differentially modulates glutamate and GABA transmission in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus to enhance the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to stress.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Administration; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Diabetic thermal hyperalgesia: role of TRPV1 and CB1 receptors of periaqueductal gray.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Benzoxazines; Capsaicin; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Morpholines; Naphthalenes; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Nociceptors; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; RNA, Messenger; TRPV Cation Channels; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Comparison of changes in mRNA expression of spinal glutamate transporters following induction of two neuropathic pain models.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Chronic Disease; Constriction; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pain Measurement; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Sciatic Neuropathy; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Diffuse brain injury elevates tonic glutamate levels and potassium-evoked glutamate release in discrete brain regions at two days post-injury: an enzyme-based microelectrode array study.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Diffuse Axonal Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Assays; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microelectrodes; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Contributions of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and -2 to nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and injury from focal cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Animals; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Reperfusion Injury | 2010 |
Antinociceptive effect of Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam. (Rutaceae) in models of acute pain in rodents.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ethanol; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Morphine; Pain; Pentacyclic Triterpenes; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Plant Stems; Zanthoxylum | 2010 |
Potential neuroprotective effects of acupuncture stimulation on diabetes mellitus in a global ischemic rat model.
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Craniotomy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neck; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Streptozocin | 2010 |
Adenosine A2A receptors in both bone marrow cells and non-bone marrow cells contribute to traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Apoptosis; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Interleukin-1; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Examination; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; RNA, Messenger; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2010 |
NMDA receptor hypofunction in the prelimbic cortex increases sensitivity to the rewarding properties of opiates via dopaminergic and amygdalar substrates.
Topics: Amygdala; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward | 2011 |
Rett syndrome microglia damage dendrites and synapses by the elevated release of glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Connexins; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Gap Junction beta-1 Protein; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Hippocampus; Male; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microglia; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Rett Syndrome; Synapses | 2010 |
A diminished response to formalin stimulation reveals a role for the glutamate transporters in the altered pain sensitivity of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molecular Sequence Data; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Phosphorylation; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Inhibition of acute lung inflammation and injury is a target of brain cooling after heatstroke injury.
Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heat Stroke; Hypothermia, Induced; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Inflammation Mediators; Lactic Acid; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxygen Consumption; Peroxidase; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Regional Blood Flow | 2010 |
A futile cycle, formed between two ATP-dependant gamma-glutamyl cycle enzymes, gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase and 5-oxoprolinase: the cause of cellular ATP depletion in nephrotic cystinosis?
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Cysteine; Cystinosis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Models, Biological; Pyroglutamate Hydrolase; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid | 2010 |
Potential role of glutamate neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage and of depression. Effects of L-kynurenine on the survival of the hippocampal neurons and on the corticocerebral blood flow in ischemic animal models.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citalopram; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenine; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Synaptic Transmission; Wakefulness | 2010 |
Pharmacological evaluation of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) mediated neuroprotection following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Ceftriaxone; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Correlation between extracellular glutamate release and neuronal cell death in an eleven vessel occlusion model in rat.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2010 |
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mediates hippocampal glutamatergic plasticity during benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Biophysical Phenomena; Biophysics; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Flurazepam; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypnotics and Sedatives; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Subcellular Fractions; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2010 |
Densities of glutamatergic and GABAergic presynaptic terminals are altered in experimental cortical dysplasia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hemibody Irradiation; Male; Malformations of Cortical Development; Parvalbumins; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2010 |
Disruption of neuronal-glial-vascular units in the hippocampus of ovariectomized mice injected with D-galactose.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aquaporin 4; Biological Transport; Cell Communication; Connexin 43; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Galactose; Giant Cells; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Microvessels; Neuroglia; Neurons; Ovariectomy; Water | 2010 |
Cannabinoid-mediated inhibition of recurrent excitatory circuitry in the dentate gyrus in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Blotting, Western; Cannabinoids; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Photolysis; Pilocarpine; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Status Epilepticus; Synapses | 2010 |
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy and propofol on spatial memory and glutamatergic system in hippocampus of depressed rats.
Topics: Animals; Combined Modality Therapy; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Memory; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Standards | 2010 |
Interhemispheric regulation of the medial prefrontal cortical glutamate stress response in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Baclofen; Benzazepines; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Functional Laterality; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Ibotenic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Oxathiins; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Stress, Psychological; Tail; Tetrodotoxin | 2010 |
Blockade of astrocytic glutamate uptake in rats induces signs of anhedonia and impaired spatial memory.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Mood Disorders; Motor Activity; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Administration | 2010 |
Effects of zona incerta lesions on striatal neurochemistry and behavioral asymmetry in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Behavioral Symptoms; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurochemistry; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oxidopamine; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Subthalamus; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2010 |
Spinal upregulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 by ceftriaxone: therapeutic efficacy in a range of experimental nervous system disorders.
Topics: Animals; Ceftriaxone; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Pain, Intractable; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Transition to addiction is associated with a persistent impairment in synaptic plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Chronic corticosterone administration down-regulates metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 protein expression in the rat hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Chronic Disease; Corticosterone; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2010 |
Glutamate and GABA in the balance: convergent pathways sustain seizures during status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Riluzole rapidly attenuates hyperemotional responses in olfactory bulbectomized rats, an animal model of depression.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Olfactory Bulb; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riluzole; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2011 |
Stress-related receptor targets for cocaine addiction.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Brain; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Stress, Physiological | 2010 |
Symptomatic and neuroprotective effects following activation of nigral group III metabotropic glutamate receptors in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinson Disease; Phosphoserine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Substantia Nigra | 2010 |
Alterations of glutamate release in the spinal cord of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Neuroglia; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Potassium Chloride; Spinal Cord; Subcellular Fractions; Tritium | 2010 |
Similarities in the behavior and molecular deficits in the frontal cortex between the neurotensin receptor subtype 1 knockout mice and chronic phencyclidine-treated mice: relevance to schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Immobility Response, Tonic; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Phencyclidine; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, Neurotensin; RNA, Messenger; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Swimming; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Palmitoylation and function of glial glutamate transporter-1 is reduced in the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Cysteine; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Lipoylation; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Neuroglia; Rats | 2010 |
Effects of acutely elevated hydrostatic pressure in a rat ex vivo retinal preparation.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hydrostatic Pressure; Male; Optic Disk; Optic Nerve Diseases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2010 |
Serotonin impairs copulation and attenuates ejaculation-induced glutamate activity in the medial preoptic area.
Topics: Animals; Copulation; Disease Models, Animal; Ejaculation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Preoptic Area; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reaction Time; Serotonin; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological | 2010 |
Inhibition of inflammatory pain by activating B-type natriuretic peptide signal pathway in nociceptive sensory neurons.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antibodies; Biophysical Phenomena; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Carbazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Freund's Adjuvant; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Lectins; Male; Membrane Potentials; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Pain; Pain Measurement; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Sensory Receptor Cells; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2010 |
The antinociceptive effects of AR-A014418, a selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, in mice.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aggression; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Azides; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Inflammation; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Pain Measurement; Sugar Acids; Thiazoles; Urea; Xylose | 2011 |
Impairment of CaMKII activation and attenuation of neuropathic pain in mice lacking NR2B phosphorylated at Tyr1472.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Models, Neurological; Neuralgia; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Pain; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerves | 2010 |
A thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy model in C57BL/6 mice: a behavioral and neurochemical study.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Liver Failure, Acute; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Thioacetamide | 2010 |
Late prenatal immune activation in mice leads to behavioral and neurochemical abnormalities relevant to the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Viral Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Poly I-C; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Sex Characteristics | 2010 |
Protective effect of gan mai da zao decoction in unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced behavioral and biochemical alterations.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chronic Disease; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose | 2010 |
The NADPH oxidase NOX2 controls glutamate release: a novel mechanism involved in psychosis-like ketamine responses.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2010 |
The effects of midazolam and D-cycloserine on the release of glutamate and GABA in the basolateral amygdala of low and high anxiety rats during extinction trial of a conditioned fear test.
Topics: Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Conditioning, Classical; Cycloserine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Extinction, Psychological; Fear; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Midazolam; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2010 |
Enhancement of glutamatergic transmission in the cingulate cortex in response to mild noxious stimuli under a neuropathic pain-like state.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Hyperalgesia; Immediate-Early Proteins; Male; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Phosphorylation; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Sciatica | 2011 |
[Effect of Chaihu Shugan Tang on excitability in different brain regions of pentylenetetrazole-kindled chronic epileptic rats].
Topics: 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Chronic Disease; Deoxyglucose; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Random Allocation; Rats; Valproic Acid | 2010 |
Familial hemiplegic migraine.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium Channels; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Echoencephalography; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Female; Genetic Association Studies; Glutamic Acid; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Migraine with Aura; Mutation; Nitric Oxide; Phenotype | 2010 |
Protective effect of metabotropic glutamate mGluR5 receptor elimination in a 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2010 |
Transgenic mice with chronic NGF deprivation and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology display hippocampal region-specific impairments in short- and long-term plasticities.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Memory Disorders; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Growth Factor; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Perforant Pathway; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
Metabolic control of vesicular glutamate transport and release.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Acetoacetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ketone Bodies; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Models, Biological; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Seizures; Synaptic Vesicles; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2010 |
Chronic stress and impaired glutamate function elicit a depressive-like phenotype and common changes in gene expression in the mouse frontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microarray Analysis; Mood Disorders; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenotype; Pleasure; RNA; Stress, Psychological; Sucrose; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2011 |
Altered function of glutamatergic cortico-striatal synapses causes output pathway abnormalities in a chronic model of parkinsonism.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chronic Disease; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses | 2011 |
Cellular correlates of anxiety in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells of 5-HT1A receptor knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Carbolines; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A | 2011 |
The effect of hyperthermia on blood glutamate levels.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Bicarbonates; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature Regulation; Carbon Dioxide; Creatine Kinase; Disease Models, Animal; Fever; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Myoglobin; Oxaloacetic Acid; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2010 |
Effects of aripiprazole, olanzapine, and haloperidol in a model of cognitive deficit of schizophrenia in rats: relationship with glutamate release in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Choice Behavior; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Microdialysis; Neuropsychological Tests; Olanzapine; Piperazines; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinolones; Rats; Reaction Time; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Time Factors | 2011 |
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium type 2 channels regulate alcohol-associated plasticity of glutamatergic synapses.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzimidazoles; Calcium; Calcium Channel Agonists; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Propidium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synapses; Time Factors | 2011 |
Impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity in C6 glioma-bearing rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exploratory Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 2011 |
Electroacupuncture at Baihui acupoint (GV20) reverses behavior deficit and long-term potentiation through N-methyl-d-aspartate and transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 receptors in middle cerebral artery occlusion rats.
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Animals; Behavioral Symptoms; Biophysics; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroacupuncture; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; TRPV Cation Channels | 2010 |
Altered social interaction in adult rats following neonatal treatment with domoic acid.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Critical Period, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Social Behavior | 2011 |
Chronic electrographic seizure reduces glutamine and elevates glutamate in the extracellular fluid of rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Intracellular Fluid; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Vesicles | 2011 |
Involvement of dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems of the basolateral amygdala in amnesia induced by the stimulation of dorsal hippocampal cannabinoid receptors.
Topics: Amnesia; Amygdala; Animals; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cannabinoid | 2011 |
Modulation of lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial function improves neuropathology in Huntington's disease mice.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Age Factors; Aldehydes; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Indoles; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Male; Masoprocol; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Mitochondria; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Synapses; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion | 2011 |
Minimally invasive procedures for evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage reduces perihematomal glutamate content, blood-brain barrier permeability and brain edema in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma; Male; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Neurosurgical Procedures; Rabbits; Water | 2011 |
Fluoxetine treatment induces EAAT2 expression in rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Fluoxetine; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
SP-8203 reduces oxidative stress via SOD activity and behavioral deficit in cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Antioxidants; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Quinazolinones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase | 2011 |
[Effects of wide band frequency noise on ERK, GDNF and ABR threshold in the different area of brain of AD rats poisoned by glutamatic acid].
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Auditory Threshold; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Female; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glutamic Acid; Male; Noise; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
mRNA for the EAAC1 subtype of glutamate transporter is present in neuronal dendrites in vitro and dramatically increases in vivo after a seizure.
Topics: Animals; Cell Polarity; Cells, Cultured; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 2011 |
VGluT2 and NMDAR1 expression in cells in the inflammatory infiltrates in experimentally induced myositis: evidence of local glutamate signaling suggests autocrine/paracrine effects in an overuse injury model.
Topics: Animals; Autocrine Communication; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Eosinophil Peroxidase; Female; Glutamic Acid; Muscle, Skeletal; Myositis; Paracrine Communication; Rabbits; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2012 |
Temporal changes in glutamate, glutamate transporters, basilar arteries wall thickness, and neuronal variability in an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Basilar Artery; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelium, Vascular; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Time Factors | 2011 |
Enhanced glutamate, IP3 and cAMP activity in the cerebral cortex of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine induced Parkinson's rats: effect of 5-HT, GABA and bone marrow cell supplementation.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inositol Phosphates; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Substantia Nigra; Transplantation, Homologous | 2011 |
Effect of inhibition of spinal cord glutamate transporters on inflammatory pain induced by formalin and complete Freund's adjuvant.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Formaldehyde; Freund's Adjuvant; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Kainic Acid; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Pain; Phosphoserine; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Spinal Cord | 2011 |
Study of epileptiform activity in cerebral ganglion of mud crab Scylla serrata.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brachyura; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Invertebrate; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Pentylenetetrazole; Valproic Acid | 2011 |
Estradiol acts through nuclear- and membrane-initiated mechanisms to maintain a balance between GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling in the brain: implications for hormone replacement therapy.
Topics: Affect; Animals; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Estradiol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Male; Signal Transduction | 2010 |
The influence of diabetes on glutamate metabolism in retinas.
Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Time Factors; Transaminases | 2011 |
Maternal influenza viral infection causes schizophrenia-like alterations of 5-HT₂A and mGlu₂ receptors in the adult offspring.
Topics: Adult Children; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Early Growth Response Protein 2; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hallucinogens; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Mice; Neural Pathways; Orthomyxoviridae Infections; Pregnancy; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Schizophrenia; Up-Regulation | 2011 |
Region- and age-specific changes in glutamate transport in the AβPP23 mouse model for Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation | 2011 |
Network oscillations in rod-degenerated mouse retinas.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Action Potentials; Age Factors; Animals; Carbenoxolone; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; In Vitro Techniques; Light; Male; Meclofenamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Periodicity; Pyridazines; Quinoxalines; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics as Topic; Tetrodotoxin | 2011 |
[Development of animal models, and drug discovery for schizophrenia based on the glutamate hypothesis].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Phencyclidine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 2010 |
[Development of psychotropic agents for schizophrenia based on the glutamate hypothesis].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Phencyclidine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serine | 2010 |
Symptom-relieving and neuroprotective effects of the phytocannabinoid Δ⁹-THCV in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cannabinoids; Cyclohexanols; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dronabinol; Glutamic Acid; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2011 |
The neurochemical basis for the treatment of autism spectrum disorders and Fragile X Syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Autistic Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Fragile X Syndrome; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans | 2011 |
Cocaine inverts rules for synaptic plasticity of glutamate transmission in the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2011 |
[Effect of polydatin on dynamic changes of excitatory amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid of cerebral hemorrhage rats].
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glucosides; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stilbenes | 2010 |
Vagal activities are involved in antigen-specific immune inflammation in the intestine.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; B7-1 Antigen; Cells, Cultured; Cholinergic Antagonists; Dendritic Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Food Hypersensitivity; Ganglia, Parasympathetic; Glutamic Acid; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; Immunoglobulin E; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Interleukin-12; Intestines; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Ovalbumin; Receptors, IgE; Th2 Cells; Vagotomy; Vagus Nerve | 2011 |
Kainate administered to adult zebrafish causes seizures similar to those in rodent models.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Zebrafish | 2011 |
Nuclear envelope dispersion triggered by deregulated Cdk5 precedes neuronal death.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Death; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Lamin Type A; Lamin Type B; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurofibrillary Tangles; Neurons; Nuclear Envelope; Nuclear Lamina; Phosphorylation; Phosphotransferases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
Altered presynaptic ultrastructure in excitatory hippocampal synapses of mice lacking dystrophins Dp427 or Dp71.
Topics: Animals; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dystrophin; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred mdx; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne; Neuronal Plasticity; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Isoforms; Synaptic Vesicles | 2011 |
Neuronal Glud1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) over-expressing mice: increased glutamate formation and synaptic release, loss of synaptic activity, and adaptive changes in genomic expression.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Brain; Cell Polarity; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Genome, Human; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2011 |
A metabolomic comparison of mouse models of the Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Neurons; Pigments, Biological | 2011 |
Developmental GABAergic deficit enhances methamphetamine-induced apoptosis.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Methamphetamine; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia; Sensory Gating; Time Factors | 2011 |
Spatial and temporal changes in promoter activity of the astrocyte glutamate transporter GLT1 following traumatic spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors | 2011 |
Developmental and withdrawal effects of adolescent AAS exposure on the glutamatergic system in hamsters.
Topics: Adolescent; Aggression; Anabolic Agents; Androgens; Animals; Brain; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothalamus; Male; Nandrolone; Nandrolone Decanoate; Neurons; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Testosterone; Time Factors; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2011 |
Protective effects of L-pGlu-(2-propyl)-L-His-L-ProNH2, a newer thyrotropin releasing hormone analog in in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Rats; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2011 |
Resting glutamate levels and rapid glutamate transients in the prefrontal cortex of the Flinders Sensitive Line rat: a genetic rodent model of depression.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Rest; Time Factors | 2011 |
Glutamate and glutathione interplay in a motor neuronal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis reveals altered energy metabolism.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cell Communication; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondrial Diseases; Models, Neurological; Motor Neurons | 2011 |
Oxidative stress and reduced glutamine synthetase activity in the absence of inflammation in the cortex of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Encephalitis; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Glutathione Disulfide; Guinea Pigs; Mice; Myelin Basic Protein; NAD; NADP; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxidative Stress; Tandem Mass Spectrometry | 2011 |
The analgesic effects and mechanisms of orally administered eugenol.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Eugenol; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pain; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance P | 2011 |
Enzyme-immobilized CNT network probe for in vivo neurotransmitter detection.
Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Enzymes, Immobilized; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nanotubes, Carbon; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke; Synaptic Transmission | 2011 |
Cerebroside-A provides potent neuroprotection after cerebral ischaemia through reducing glutamate release and Ca²⁺ influx of NMDA receptors.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrosides; Charybdotoxin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrazolium Salts; Valine | 2012 |
Could polyunsaturated fatty acids deficiency explain some dysfunctions found in ADHD? Hypotheses from animal research.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Disease Models, Animal; Dopaminergic Neurons; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Models, Biological; Rats; Serotonin | 2013 |
Exploring metabolic pathway disruption in the subchronic phencyclidine model of schizophrenia with the Generalized Singular Value Decomposition.
Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Cluster Analysis; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Genome; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ligands; Models, Biological; Models, Statistical; Phencyclidine; Principal Component Analysis; Rats; Schizophrenia; Software; Systems Biology | 2011 |
Glutamatergic neurotransmission in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C disease.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, Glutamate; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission | 2011 |
Presynaptic silencing is an endogenous neuroprotectant during excitotoxic insults.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurotoxins; Presynaptic Terminals; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteasome Inhibitors; Rats; Synaptic Transmission | 2011 |
Neuroprotective effects of ebselen following forebrain ischemia: involvement of glutamate and nitric oxide.
Topics: Animals; Azoles; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Isoindoles; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Organoselenium Compounds; Presynaptic Terminals; Prosencephalon; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2011 |
Dark cell change of the cerebellar Purkinje cells induced by terbutaline under transient disruption of the blood-brain barrier in adult rats: morphological evaluation.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Edema; Cerebellum; Cytoplasmic Structures; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; Golgi Apparatus; Male; Mannitol; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Staining and Labeling; Terbutaline | 2012 |
Antiparkinsonian potential of targeting group III metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rodent substantia nigra pars reticulata.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Reserpine; Substantia Nigra | 2012 |
Stress-induced hyperalgesia is associated with a reduced and delayed GABA inhibitory control that enhances post-synaptic NMDA receptor activation in the spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Flumazenil; Formaldehyde; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Ketamine; Male; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Stress, Psychological; Swimming; Time Factors | 2011 |
Effects of high frequency electrical stimulation and R-verapamil on seizure susceptibility and glutamate and GABA release in a model of phenytoin-resistant seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Drug Resistance; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phenytoin; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Stereoisomerism; Verapamil | 2011 |
Attenuation of inhibitory synaptic transmission by glial dysfunction in rat thalamus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Glutamic Acid; Neural Inhibition; Neuroglia; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 2011 |
Effects of lisuride hydrogen maleate on pericontusional tissue metabolism, brain edema formation, and contusion volume development after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Lisuride; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of Zingiber zerumbet in mice: possible mechanisms.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Arginine; Behavior, Animal; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; KATP Channels; Male; Medicine, Traditional; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neural Pathways; Nitric Oxide; Oils, Volatile; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Plant Oils; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Protein Kinase C; Signal Transduction; TRPV Cation Channels; Zingiber officinale | 2011 |
Retinal remodeling in the Tg P347L rabbit, a large-eye model of retinal degeneration.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electroretinography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Glycine; Humans; Male; Opsins; Rabbits; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Taurine | 2011 |
Detection of tumor glutamate metabolism in vivo using (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy and hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]glutamate.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lymphoma; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Pyruvic Acid | 2011 |
Effect of paliperidone and risperidone on extracellular glutamate in the prefrontal cortex of rats exposed to prenatal immune activation or MK-801.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Isoxazoles; Male; Maternal Exposure; Paliperidone Palmitate; Poly I-C; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Risperidone; Schizophrenia | 2011 |
Neuronal store-operated calcium entry pathway as a novel therapeutic target for Huntington's disease treatment.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drosophila; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; NF-kappa B; Nuclear Proteins; Phenyl Ethers; Quinazolines; RNA Interference; RNA, Small Interfering; TRPC Cation Channels | 2011 |
Using microdialysis for early detection of vascular thrombosis after kidney transplantation in an experimental porcine model.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biomarkers; Biopsy, Needle; Blood Glucose; Disease Models, Animal; Early Diagnosis; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Graft Rejection; History, 19th Century; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney Transplantation; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Random Allocation; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sus scrofa; Swine; Thrombosis | 2012 |
HTDP-2, a new synthetic compound, inhibits glutamate release through reduction of voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ influx in rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Cytosol; Dantrolene; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Endings; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyridones; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; Synaptosomes; Thiazepines; Tosyl Compounds | 2011 |
Increased susceptibility to cortical spreading depression in the mouse model of familial hemiplegic migraine type 2.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Female; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; HeLa Cells; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Migraine with Aura; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Phenotype; Protein Transport; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Synaptic Transmission; Transfection | 2011 |
Simvastatin prevents dopaminergic neurodegeneration in experimental parkinsonian models: the association with anti-inflammatory responses.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anxiety; Apoptosis; Autoradiography; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Nerve Degeneration; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; PC12 Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Simvastatin; Substantia Nigra; Tritium; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2011 |
Closed traumatic brain injury model in sheep mimicking high-velocity, closed head trauma in humans.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Injuries; Carbon Dioxide; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Head Injuries, Closed; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Intracranial Pressure; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Oxygen Consumption; Sheep; Sheep, Domestic | 2011 |
Leptin action on GABAergic neurons prevents obesity and reduces inhibitory tone to POMC neurons.
Topics: Agouti-Related Protein; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Leptin; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Obesity; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Receptors, Leptin | 2011 |
Neurobiological activity of Parawixin 10, a novel anticonvulsant compound isolated from Parawixia bistriata spider venom (Araneidae: Araneae).
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ataxia; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Kainic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Seizures; Spider Venoms; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2011 |
Increase of hippocampal glutamate after electroconvulsive treatment: a quantitative proton MR spectroscopy study at 9.4 T in an animal model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Choline; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electroconvulsive Therapy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Helplessness, Learned; Hippocampus; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 2012 |
Antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects of Aloysia gratissima: investigation of involvement of L-arginine-nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Arginine; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Cell Survival; Cyclic GMP; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Medicine, Traditional; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Phosphorylation; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; Solvents; Time Factors; Verbenaceae; Water | 2011 |
Downregulation of glutamine synthetase via GLAST suppression induces retinal axonal swelling in a rat ex vivo hydrostatic pressure model.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Axons; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hydrostatic Pressure; Male; Methionine Sulfoximine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger | 2011 |
Early hyperglycemia following alloxan administration in vivo is not associated with altered hepatic mitochondrial function: acceptable model for type 1 diabetes?
Topics: Alloxan; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperglycemia; Malates; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Succinic Acid | 2011 |
Endothelin receptors A and B are expressed in distinct cellular compartments of rat hippocampus following global ischemia: an immunocytochemical study.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Compartmentation; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelins; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Endothelin A; Receptor, Endothelin B | 2011 |
HIF-1α expression in the hippocampus and peripheral macrophages after glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Macrophages; Male; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Neurotoxins; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A | 2011 |
Who is resilient to depression? Multimodal imaging of the hippocampus in preclinical chronic mild stress model may provide clues.
Topics: Animals; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Stress, Psychological | 2011 |
Persistent cognitive deficits, induced by intrathecal methotrexate, are associated with elevated CSF concentrations of excitotoxic glutamate analogs and can be reversed by an NMDA antagonist.
Topics: Animals; Cognition Disorders; Dextromethorphan; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Folic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Homocysteine; Humans; Injections, Spinal; Male; Memory Disorders; Methotrexate; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Recognition, Psychology | 2011 |
Reduction in expression of the astrocyte glutamate transporter, GLT1, worsens functional and histological outcomes following traumatic spinal cord injury.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2011 |
Dysregulation of astrocyte-motoneuron cross-talk in mutant superoxide dismutase 1-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Cell Communication; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microarray Analysis; Motor Neurons; Nerve Growth Factor; Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; Signal Transduction; Superoxide Dismutase | 2011 |
Deficient mitochondrial Ca(2+) buffering in the Cln8(mnd) mouse model of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Interneurons; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Mitochondria; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases | 2011 |
Neuroprotective effect of curcumin in an experimental rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Basilar Artery; Blotting, Western; Brain; Catalase; Curcumin; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Male; Malondialdehyde; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Chloride; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Superoxide Dismutase; Vasospasm, Intracranial | 2011 |
Pyruvate's blood glutamate scavenging activity contributes to the spectrum of its neuroprotective mechanisms in a rat model of stroke.
Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Motor Activity; Neurologic Examination; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxaloacetic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2011 |
Hypersensitive glutamate signaling correlates with the development of late-onset behavioral morbidity in diffuse brain-injured circuitry.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Injuries; Diffuse Axonal Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperesthesia; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction; Time Factors | 2012 |
N-acetylcysteine normalizes neurochemical changes in the glutathione-deficient schizophrenia mouse model during development.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Inositol; Lactic Acid; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Schizophrenia | 2012 |
Injection of L-glutamate into the insular cortex produces sleep apnea and serotonin reduction in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electromyography; Female; Glutamic Acid; Injections; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Respiration; Serotonin; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive | 2012 |
Effects of a small acute subdural hematoma following traumatic brain injury on neuromonitoring, brain swelling and histology in pigs.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural, Acute; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Sus scrofa | 2011 |
Is the acute NMDA receptor hypofunction a valid model of schizophrenia?
Topics: Animals; Corpus Callosum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ketamine; Parvalbumins; Phencyclidine; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rodentia; Schizophrenia; Serotonin | 2012 |
Neuroglial alterations in rats submitted to the okadaic acid-induced model of dementia.
Topics: Animals; Cognition Disorders; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Microinjections; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroglia; Okadaic Acid; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins | 2012 |
[Effects of β-lactam antibiotics ceftriaxone on expression of glutamate in hippocampus after traumatic brain injury in rats].
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Ceftriaxone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
Activation of NOX2 by the stimulation of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors contributes to glutamate neurotoxicity in vivo through the production of reactive oxygen species and calpain activation.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Calpain; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Fluoresceins; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microfilament Proteins; Microglia; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Organic Chemicals; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Immunologic; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors | 2011 |
Truncation of tau at E391 promotes early pathologic changes in transgenic mice.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Cation Transport Proteins; Copper-Transporting ATPases; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Plaque, Amyloid; tau Proteins | 2011 |
Genetic differences in the modulation of accumbal glutamate and γ-amino butyric acid levels after cocaine-induced reinstatement.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Extinction, Psychological; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Recurrence; Self Administration; Sodium Chloride; Species Specificity | 2013 |
Cerebral metabolism after early decompression craniotomy following controlled cortical impact injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Craniotomy; Decompression, Surgical; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2011 |
Multi-faced neuroprotective effects of Ginsenoside Rg1 in an Alzheimer mouse model.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; Animals; Cerebellum; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Disease Models, Animal; Ginsenosides; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Learning; Memory; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphorylation | 2012 |
Glutamatergic alterations and mitochondrial impairment in a murine model of Alzheimer disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mitochondria; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2012 |
Acute elevations of brain kynurenic acid impair cognitive flexibility: normalization by the alpha7 positive modulator galantamine.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Brain; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Galantamine; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nootropic Agents; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Schizophrenia | 2012 |
Mutation of zebrafish dihydrolipoamide branched-chain transacylase E2 results in motor dysfunction and models maple syrup urine disease.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Base Sequence; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Larva; Maple Syrup Urine Disease; Mutation; Neuromuscular Diseases; RNA, Messenger; Swimming; Zebrafish; Zebrafish Proteins | 2012 |
System x(c)(-) regulates microglia and macrophage glutamate excitotoxicity in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Cystine; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Laser Capture Microdissection; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Quinoxalines; Spinal Cord Diseases | 2012 |
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 4-positive allosteric modulator VU0364770 produces efficacy alone and in combination with L-DOPA or an adenosine 2A antagonist in preclinical rodent models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Catalepsy; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Potassium Channels; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Motor Neuron Disease; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Picolinic Acids; Protein Binding; Psychomotor Performance; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Substantia Nigra; Thallium; Transfection; Triazoles; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2012 |
Impaired glutamatergic and GABAergic function at early age in AβPPswe-PS1dE9 mice: implications for Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presenilin-1 | 2012 |
Dantrolene is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease transgenic mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caffeine; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Striatum; Dantrolene; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents | 2011 |
The combination of organoselenium compounds and guanosine prevents glutamate-induced oxidative stress in different regions of rat brains.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Azoles; Benzene Derivatives; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine; Isoindoles; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Organoselenium Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2012 |
Kindling-induced asymmetric accumulation of hippocampal 7S SNARE complexes correlates with enhanced glutamate release.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; SNARE Proteins; Soluble N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor Attachment Proteins; Synaptosomes | 2012 |
Copper is toxic to PrP-ablated mice and exacerbates disease in a mouse model of E200K genetic prion disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Chromatography, Affinity; Copper; Copper Sulfate; Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fibroblasts; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Imidazoles; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Prions; Protein Binding | 2012 |
Cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry reflects effects of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest in a porcine model.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heart Arrest; Hypothermia, Induced; Lactic Acid; Male; Pyruvic Acid; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Rett syndrome induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons reveal novel neurophysiological alterations.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neurons; Phenotype; Rett Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Physical exercise reverses glutamate uptake and oxidative stress effects of chronic homocysteine administration in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Oxidative Stress; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2012 |
Activation of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors by endogenous glutamate protects against glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in the hippocampus in vivo.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Carboxylic Acids; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Phosphoserine; Potassium Channel Blockers; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors | 2012 |
Effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor on glutamate uptake in retinal Muller cells under high-glucose conditions.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Eye Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Peroxidase; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxidative Stress; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retina; Serpins | 2012 |
Photoreceptor and post-photoreceptoral contributions to photopic ERG a-wave in rhodopsin P347L transgenic rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Intravitreal Injections; Rabbits; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Rhodopsin | 2012 |
Opa1 is essential for retinal ganglion cell synaptic architecture and connectivity.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Kinases; Mediator Complex; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria; Nerve Net; Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Synapses | 2012 |
Disruptions in serotonergic regulation of cortical glutamate release in primate insular cortex in response to chronic ethanol and nursery rearing.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebral Cortex; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Receptors, Serotonin; Stress, Psychological | 2012 |
Ischemic injury decreases parvalbumin expression in a middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model and glutamate-exposed HT22 cells.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2012 |
Pressure reactivity index correlates with metabolic dysfunction in a porcine model of intracerebral hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Metabolic Diseases; Oxygen; Pyruvic Acid; Statistics as Topic; Swine | 2012 |
Protective effect of menthol on β-amyloid peptide induced cognitive deficits in mice.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antioxidants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Menthol; Mice | 2012 |
Trans-spinal direct current enhances corticospinal output and stimulation-evoked release of glutamate analog, D-2,3-³H-aspartic acid.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Female; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Muscle Contraction; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Pyramidal Tracts; Spinal Cord Injuries; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors | 2012 |
Ginkgo extract EGb761 confers neuroprotection by reduction of glutamate release in ischemic brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Ginkgo biloba; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke | 2012 |
Evaluation of antinociceptive effects of Crassocephalum bauchiense Hutch (Asteraceae) leaf extract in rodents.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Administration, Oral; Alkaloids; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Asteraceae; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain; Pain Threshold; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents; Time Factors; Water | 2012 |
Dysfunctional astrocytic regulation of glutamate transmission in a rat model of depression.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Recognition, Psychology; Serine; Sodium Channel Blockers; Statistics, Nonparametric; Swimming; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin | 2013 |
Erysothrine, an alkaloid extracted from flowers of Erythrina mulungu Mart. ex Benth: evaluating its anticonvulsant and anxiolytic potential.
Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Erythrina; Exploratory Behavior; Flowers; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Locomotion; Male; Phytotherapy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2012 |
Glucose metabolism via the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and Krebs cycle in an orthotopic mouse model of human brain tumors.
Topics: Animals; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glioblastoma; Glucose; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Positron-Emission Tomography; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2012 |
Glutamate induces the elongation of early dendritic protrusions via mGluRs in wild type mice, but not in fragile X mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Electroporation; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Genetic; Photons; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2012 |
Longitudinal ¹H MRS assessment of the thalamus in a Coriaria lactone-induced rhesus monkey status epilepticus model.
Topics: Animals; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Inositol; Lactones; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolome; Protons; Status Epilepticus; Thalamus; Time Factors | 2012 |
17β-estradiol attenuates neural cell apoptosis through inhibition of JNK phosphorylation in SCI rats and excitotoxicity induced by glutamate in vitro.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Estradiol; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Injuries; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles; Time Factors | 2012 |
Astrocytes convert network excitation to tonic inhibition of neurons.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Feedback, Physiological; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Metabolomic analysis to discover candidate therapeutic agents against acute pancreatitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Amino Acids; Animals; Arginine; Ceruletide; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanolamines; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Male; Metabolomics; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pancreatitis | 2012 |
Immunoelectron microscopic analysis of neurotoxic effect of glutamate in the vestibular end organs during ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Ischemia; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Presynaptic Terminals; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Vestibule, Labyrinth | 2012 |
Excitability and synaptic alterations in the cerebellum of APP/PS1 mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Purkinje Cells; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Pretreatment with memantine prevents Alzheimer-like alterations induced by intrahippocampal okadaic acid administration in rats.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Carcinogens; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Memantine; Okadaic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Statistics as Topic; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Relationship between thresholds to convulsions induced by a benzodiazepine inverse agonist and [³H]-L-glutamate binding in the membranes of brain regions.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Carbolines; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Tritium | 2013 |
Mutant PrP suppresses glutamatergic neurotransmission in cerebellar granule neurons by impairing membrane delivery of VGCC α(2)δ-1 Subunit.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biophysics; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Mutation; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prion Diseases; Prion Proteins; Prions; Protein Transport; Reaction Time; Rotarod Performance Test; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2012 |
Negative allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 results in broad spectrum activity relevant to treatment resistant depression.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Benzamides; Calcium; Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Mice; Pyridines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2013 |
Mesenchymal stem cells protect CNS neurons against glutamate excitotoxicity by inhibiting glutamate receptor expression and function.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Pregnancy | 2012 |
Effects of N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) peptidase inhibition on release of glutamate and dopamine in prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens in phencyclidine model of schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nucleus Accumbens; Phencyclidine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia | 2012 |
Evidence for involvement of nitric oxide and GABA(B) receptors in MK-801- stimulated release of glutamate in rat prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 2012 |
Miniature release events of glutamate from hippocampal neurons are influenced by the dystonia-associated protein torsinA.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Heterozygote; Hippocampus; Homozygote; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Molecular Chaperones; Mutation; Neurons; Receptors, GABA-A; Sodium Channels; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2012 |
Systemic pregabalin attenuates sensorimotor responses and medullary glutamate release in inflammatory tooth pain model.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Dental Pulp; Disease Models, Animal; Electromyography; Facial Muscles; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Irritants; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microdialysis; Mustard Plant; Plant Oils; Pregabalin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Toothache | 2012 |
Group I metabotropic glutamate autoreceptors induce abnormal glutamate exocytosis in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Autoreceptors; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exocytosis; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Inositol Phosphates; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Mice, Transgenic; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Resorcinols; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Synaptosomes | 2013 |
Melatonin regulates the calcium-buffering proteins, parvalbumin and hippocalcin, in ischemic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocalcin; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Melatonin; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2012 |
Evidence for astrocytes as a potential source of the glutamate excess in temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Waves; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Methionine Sulfoximine; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2012 |
Prion-like behaviour and tau-dependent cytotoxicity of pyroglutamylated amyloid-β.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutant Proteins; Peptide Fragments; Prions; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Chronic restraint stress causes anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression, and attenuates glutamate release induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, trkB; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Growth Factor; Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 2012 |
Human glioma cells induce hyperexcitability in cortical networks.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Female; Glioma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neoplasm Transplantation; Nerve Net; Seizures; Sulfasalazine; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2012 |
The effect of blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate on neurological outcome in a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nervous System Diseases; Oxaloacetic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics, Nonparametric; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Time Factors | 2012 |
Self-induced accumulation of glutamate in striatal astrocytes and basal ganglia excitotoxicity.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Astrocytes; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2012 |
Anesthetic protection of neurons injured by hypothermia and rewarming: roles of intracellular Ca2+ and excitotoxicity.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics; Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothermia; Hypoxia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Rewarming | 2012 |
Elucidation of neuroprotective role of endogenous GABA and energy metabolites middle cerebral artery occluded model in rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyruvates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Time Factors | 2012 |
Blockade of astrocytic glutamate uptake in the prefrontal cortex induces anhedonia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anhedonia; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Waves; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Food Preferences; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Self Stimulation; Sucrose | 2012 |
Decreased susceptibility to seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole in serine racemase knockout mice.
Topics: Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Confocal; Pentylenetetrazole; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Racemases and Epimerases; Seizures; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2012 |
Social vs. environmental stress models of depression from a behavioural and neurochemical approach.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain Stem; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Prefrontal Cortex; Serotonin; Social Dominance; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Stress, Psychological | 2013 |
Selenium preserves mitochondrial function, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Autophagy; Beclin-1; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Fluoresceins; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Histones; Male; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microtubule Proteins; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Turnover; Multienzyme Complexes; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organic Chemicals; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Reactive Oxygen Species; Selenium; Time Factors; Trans-Activators; Transcription Factors | 2012 |
Effect of electroconvulsive shock on the glutamate level and the hyperphosphorylation of protein tau in depression rat models whose olfactory bulbs were removed.
Topics: Animals; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Olfactory Bulb; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Compensatory molecular and functional mechanisms in nervous system of the Grm1(crv4) mouse lacking the mGlu1 receptor: a model for motor coordination deficits.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Movement Disorders; Mutation; Pyridines; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptosomes | 2013 |
Inhibitory control of nociceptive responses of trigeminal spinal nucleus cells by somatosensory corticofugal projection in rat.
Topics: Action Potentials; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bicuculline; Biophysics; Capsaicin; Constriction; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Female; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; Hyperalgesia; Iontophoresis; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neuralgia; Nociceptors; Pain; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatosensory Cortex; Strychnine; Time Factors; Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal | 2012 |
Age-related changes in brain metabolites and cognitive function in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Functional Neuroimaging; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Presenilin-1; Protons | 2012 |
NADPH oxidase elevations in pyramidal neurons drive psychosocial stress-induced neuropathology.
Topics: Acetophenones; Alleles; Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Mutational Analysis; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Glycoproteins; NADPH Oxidase 2; NADPH Oxidases; Oxidative Stress; Parvalbumins; Polymorphism, Genetic; Psychotic Disorders; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Social Isolation | 2012 |
A study of epileptogenic network structures in rat hippocampal cultures using first spike latencies during synchronization events.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Net; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2012 |
ONO-2506 inhibits spike-wave discharges in a genetic animal model without affecting traditional convulsive tests via gliotransmission regulation.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Astrocytes; Caprylates; Cells, Cultured; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Pentylenetetrazole; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine; Synaptic Transmission | 2013 |
[MK-801 or DNQX reduces electroconvulsive shock-induced impairment of learning-memory and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in rats].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electroshock; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Learning; Memory; Memory Disorders; Phosphorylation; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Leptin signaling in the nucleus of the solitary tract alters the cardiovascular responses to activation of the chemoreceptor reflex.
Topics: Animals; Baroreflex; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Leptin; Male; Microinjections; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rats, Zucker; Receptors, Leptin; Signal Transduction; Solitary Nucleus | 2012 |
Neuroprotective effects of agmatine in mice infused with a single intranasal administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Administration, Intranasal; Agmatine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopaminergic Neurons; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Neurologic Examination; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinsonian Disorders; Recognition, Psychology; Social Behavior; Substantia Nigra; Survival Analysis; Tritium; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2012 |
Altered neurochemical profile in the McGill-R-Thy1-APP rat model of Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal in vivo 1 H MRS study.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Inositol; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Protons; Rats; Rats, Transgenic | 2012 |
Effects of propofol and dizocilpine maleate on the cognitive abilities and the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein of rats after the electroconvulsive therapy.
Topics: Animals; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Phosphorylation; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Parkin prevents cortical atrophy and Aβ-induced alterations of brain metabolism: ¹³C NMR and magnetic resonance imaging studies in AD models.
Topics: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Brain; Carbon Isotopes; Carrier Proteins; Cell Cycle Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Peptide Fragments; Phosphoproteins; Presenilin-1; Single-Blind Method; tau Proteins; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Transcription Factors; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases | 2012 |
Time course of cocaine-induced behavioral and neurochemical plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2014 |
Ameliorative effect of yokukansan on vacuous chewing movement in haloperidol-induced rat tardive dyskinesia model and involvement of glutamatergic system.
Topics: Animals; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Cricetulus; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Mastication; Movement; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Treatment Outcome | 2012 |
Glutamate biosensor imaging reveals dysregulation of glutamatergic pathways in a model of developmental cortical malformation.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biosensing Techniques; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Female; Freezing; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissue Culture Techniques | 2013 |
Restoration of dopamine release deficits during object recognition memory acquisition attenuates cognitive impairment in a triple transgenic mice model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Mutation; Nomifensine; Norepinephrine; Photic Stimulation; Presenilin-1; Recognition, Psychology; Statistics, Nonparametric; tau Proteins | 2012 |
Risperidone attenuates the increase of extracellular nitric oxide and glutamate levels in serotonin syndrome animal models.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Brain; Clorgyline; Disease Models, Animal; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Nitric Oxide; Rats, Wistar; Risperidone; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Syndrome; Tranylcypromine | 2012 |
NMDA receptor and schizophrenia: a brief history.
Topics: Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Neurosciences; Phencyclidine Abuse; Psychopharmacology; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Translational Research, Biomedical | 2012 |
Neuronal Elav-like (Hu) proteins regulate RNA splicing and abundance to control glutamate levels and neuronal excitability.
Topics: 3' Untranslated Regions; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Computational Biology; Disease Models, Animal; ELAV Proteins; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microarray Analysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; RNA Splicing; RNA-Binding Proteins; RNA, Messenger | 2012 |
Subventricular zone neural progenitors protect striatal neurons from glutamatergic excitotoxicity.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Benzamides; Carbamates; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Ganciclovir; Glutamic Acid; Lateral Ventricles; Lipopolysaccharides; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Stem Cells; Neuroprotective Agents; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Stem Cells; Stroke | 2012 |
Bidirectional regulation of emotional memory by 5-HT1B receptors involves hippocampal p11.
Topics: Animals; Annexin A2; Avoidance Learning; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Phosphorylation; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Pyridines; Reaction Time; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; Receptors, AMPA; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; S100 Proteins; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Synaptic Transmission; Transduction, Genetic | 2013 |
MICEST: a potential tool for non-invasive detection of molecular changes in Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain Mapping; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroimaging; Presenilin-1; Tritium | 2013 |
The role of glutamate release mediated by extrasynaptic P2X7 receptors in animal models of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neuralgia; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord; Time Factors; Tritium | 2013 |
Aquaporin-4 deficiency attenuates opioid dependence through suppressing glutamate transporter-1 down-regulation and maintaining glutamate homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 4; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Tritium | 2013 |
Transsynaptic signaling by activity-dependent cleavage of neuroligin-1.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biotinylation; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorocebus aethiops; Dark Adaptation; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroporation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Luminescent Proteins; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Confocal; Muscarinic Agonists; Mutation; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photons; Pilocarpine; Plant Lectins; Potassium Chloride; Pregnancy; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Red Fluorescent Protein; Signal Transduction; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission; Threonine; Transfection; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2012 |
Reviving neuroprotection using a new approach: targeting postsynaptic density-95 to arrest glutamate excitotoxicity.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Primates; Rodentia; Stroke | 2012 |
Purified acetaminophen-glutathione conjugate is able to induce oxidative stress in rat liver mitochondria.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Liver; Malates; Male; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2012 |
Ectopic vesicular glutamate release at the optic nerve head and axon loss in mouse experimental glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Mice; Optic Disk; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Secretory Vesicles; Synapses; Synaptophysin; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2012 |
Coenzyme Q10 instilled as eye drops on the cornea reaches the retina and protects retinal layers from apoptosis in a mouse model of kainate-induced retinal damage.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Antimycin A; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Caspase 7; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cornea; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Ophthalmic Solutions; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Time Factors; Ubiquinone; Vitamins | 2012 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated axonal injury in adult rat corpus callosum.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Axons; Corpus Callosum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Myelin Basic Protein; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Oligodendroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2013 |
Effects of intrathecal kynurenate on arterial pressure during chronic osmotic stress in conscious rats.
Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Arterial Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Consciousness; Desoxycorticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Injections, Spinal; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Osmolar Concentration; Osmotic Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Spinal Cord; Stress, Physiological; Telemetry; Time Factors; Water Deprivation | 2013 |
Transient lack of glucose but not O2 is involved in ischemic postconditioning-induced neuroprotection.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Reperfusion; Time Factors | 2013 |
Minimally invasive procedures for intracerebral hematoma evacuation in early stages decrease perihematomal glutamate level and improve neurological function in a rabbit model of ICH.
Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Neurosurgical Procedures; Rabbits; Recovery of Function | 2013 |
Role of convergent activation of glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems in the nucleus accumbens in the development of methamphetamine psychosis and dependence.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Inhibition, Psychological; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Mutation; Nucleus Accumbens; Psychotic Disorders; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reflex, Startle; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2013 |
Animal model of autism induced by prenatal exposure to valproate: altered glutamate metabolism in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Astrocytes; Autistic Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Valproic Acid | 2013 |
Novel multitarget ligand ITH33/IQM9.21 provides neuroprotection in in vitro and in vivo models related to brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ligands; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species | 2013 |
Hyperpolarized (13)C magnetic resonance reveals early- and late-onset changes to in vivo pyruvate metabolism in the failing heart.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Bicarbonates; Carbon Isotopes; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Cardiac Volume; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Heart Failure; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Membrane Transport Proteins; Phosphocreatine; PPAR alpha; Protein Kinases; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Pyruvic Acid; Swine; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left | 2013 |
Tianeptine modulates amygdalar glutamate neurochemistry and synaptic proteins in rats subjected to repeated stress.
Topics: Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Immunoprecipitation; Male; Membrane Proteins; Microdialysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Thiazepines; Time Factors | 2013 |
Evidence for the analgesic activity of resveratrol in acute models of nociception in mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Molecular Structure; Nociception; Pain Measurement; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Resveratrol; Stereoisomerism; Stilbenes | 2013 |
Anxiogenic-like profile of Wistar adult rats based on the pilocarpine model: an animal model for trait anxiety?
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Maze Learning; Neurons; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2013 |
Maternal separation increases GABA(A) receptor-mediated modulation of norepinephrine release in the hippocampus of a rat model of ADHD, the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Maternal Deprivation; Norepinephrine; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, GABA-A; Tritium | 2013 |
Antinociceptive effect of Lecythis pisonis Camb. (Lecythidaceae) in models of acute pain in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Acute Pain; Analgesics; Animals; Arginine; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Lecythidaceae; Male; Mice; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves | 2013 |
Prenatal alcohol exposure affects vasculature development in the neonatal brain.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; CD13 Antigens; Cell Death; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Endothelial Cells; Ethanol; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Fetus; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Locomotion; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Microscopy, Video; Microvessels; Muscle Strength; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Time Factors; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A | 2012 |
Characterization of neurophysiological and behavioral changes, MRI brain volumetry and 1H MRS in zQ175 knock-in mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Endpoint Determination; Female; Gene Knock-In Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurophysiology; Organ Size; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Swimming; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Rapid surface accumulation of NMDA receptors increases glutamatergic excitation during status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Status Epilepticus; Synapses | 2013 |
Astrocyte GRK2 as a novel regulator of glutamate transport and brain damage.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Immunoprecipitation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; RNA, Small Interfering | 2013 |
Longitudinal monitoring of sex-related in vivo metabolic changes in the brain of Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Linear Models; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Presenilin-1 | 2013 |
L-Theanine intake increases threshold for limbic seizures but decreases threshold for generalized seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Microdialysis; Pentylenetetrazole; Pilocarpine; Seizures; Tea | 2013 |
Fast detection of renal ischemia in transplanted kidneys with delayed graft function-an experimental study.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Catheters; Cold Ischemia; Constriction; Delayed Graft Function; Disease Models, Animal; Diuresis; Early Diagnosis; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Ischemia; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Transplantation; Lipocalins; Microdialysis; Predictive Value of Tests; Renal Artery Obstruction; Swine; Time Factors | 2013 |
[Changes of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid of extracellular fluid in hippocampus during electrical stimulation of anterior nucleus thalamus in rats].
Topics: Animals; Anterior Thalamic Nuclei; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2012 |
Abnormal expression of glutamate transporters in temporal lobe areas in elderly patients with schizophrenia.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Temporal Lobe; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins | 2013 |
Altered expression and phosphorylation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in piglet striatum after hypoxia-ischemia.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antibody Specificity; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Immunoblotting; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Phosphorylation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Swine; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2002 |
Ergothioneine treatment protects neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity in an in vivo rat retinal model.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Cell Count; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Ergothioneine; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2002 |
Neuroregulative mechanism of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus on gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypophysectomy; Male; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Solitary Nucleus; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy | 2002 |
Impaired glutamate transport and glutamate-glutamine cycling: downstream effects of the Huntington mutation.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Mutation; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins | 2002 |
Delayed white matter injury in a murine model of shaken baby syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Stem; Cell Death; Cerebellum; Corpus Callosum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Infant, Newborn; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Shaken Baby Syndrome; Time Factors | 2002 |
Vitreal glutamate concentration in monkeys with experimental glaucoma.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Laser Coagulation; Macaca mulatta; Trabecular Meshwork; Visual Fields; Vitreous Body | 2002 |
Long-time in-vivo metabolic monitoring following experimental brain contusion using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Taurine; Time Factors | 2002 |
Neuronal activity determined by quantitative EEG and cortical microdialysis is increased following controlled cortical impact injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain Injuries; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
Appropriate cerebral perfusion pressure during rewarming after therapeutic hypothermia.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Oxygen | 2002 |
Metabolic alterations in cerebrospinal fluid from double hemorrhage model of dogs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Caspase Inhibitors; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Flavonoids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pyruvic Acid; Time Factors; Vasospasm, Intracranial | 2002 |
Experimental parkinsonism alters endocannabinoid degradation: implications for striatal glutamatergic transmission.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Carrier Proteins; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glycerides; Hydrolysis; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Abnormal cerebellar signaling induces dystonia in mice.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dystonia; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microinjections; Organ Specificity; Posture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Purkinje Cells; Reproducibility of Results; RNA, Messenger; Severity of Illness Index; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Effect of glutamatergic systems on in vivo binding of [(125)I]beta-CIT in the brain of a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Binding, Competitive; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serotonin; Sympatholytics | 2002 |
Effect of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 and antioxidants on intestinal flora and bacterial translocation in rats with experimental cirrhosis.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascites; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Translocation; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Endotoxemia; Glutamic Acid; Intestinal Mucosa; Lactobacillus; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Peritonitis; Probiotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
[Gene therapy and neurotrophic factor treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis].
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Apoptosis; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radicals; Genetic Therapy; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Growth Factors; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 2001 |
Iron intake increases infarct volume after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Interleukin-6; Iron Overload; Iron, Dietary; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2002 |
Neuroprotective effects of a novel non-receptor-binding estrogen analogue: in vitro and in vivo analysis.
Topics: Adamantane; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Carriers; Estradiol; Estradiol Congeners; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Estrogen Receptor beta; Estrone; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ligands; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Estrogen | 2002 |
Subthalamic GAD gene therapy in a Parkinson's disease rat model.
Topics: Animals; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Isoenzymes; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Motor Activity; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phenotype; Rats; Stem Cells; Substantia Nigra; Subthalamic Nucleus; Synaptic Transmission; Transgenes | 2002 |
Striatal dopamine-NMDA receptor interactions in the modulation of glutamate release in the substantia nigra pars reticulata in vivo: opposite role for D1 and D2 receptors.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Wakefulness | 2002 |
Novel cognitive improving and neuroprotective activities of Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow extract, BT-11.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Polygala; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2002 |
Brain regions involved in fatigue sensation: reduced acetylcarnitine uptake into the brain.
Topics: Acetylcarnitine; Adult; Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Fatigue; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Middle Aged | 2002 |
Influence of sex on reflex jaw muscle activity evoked from the rat temporomandibular joint.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Estrogens; Estrous Cycle; Female; Glutamic Acid; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Male; Masticatory Muscles; Muscle Contraction; Nociceptors; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reflex; Sex Characteristics; Temporomandibular Joint; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders | 2002 |
Protective effects of timolol against the neuronal damage induced by glutamate and ischemia in the rat retina.
Topics: Action Potentials; Acute Disease; Animals; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroretinography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Timolol | 2002 |
Guanosine enhances glutamate uptake in brain cortical slices at normal and excitotoxic conditions.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synapses; Taurine | 2002 |
Kindling-induced overexpression of Homer 1A and its functional implications for epileptogenesis.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
[Deafness and aging: studies in experimental models].
Topics: Aged; Aging; Animals; Deafness; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hearing Disorders; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Electron; Models, Biological; Noise; Organ of Corti; Presbycusis; Spain | 2002 |
[Neuroprotection by aspirin in cerebrovascular pathology].
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Algorithms; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspirin; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Indomethacin; Mitochondria; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen; Salicylates | 2002 |
Transient and progressive electrophysiological alterations in the corticostriatal pathway in a mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Riluzole; Tetrodotoxin | 2003 |
Long-term potentiation is increased in the CA1 area of the hippocampus of APP(swe/ind) CRND8 mice.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neural Inhibition; Neuronal Plasticity; Plaque, Amyloid; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Functional disorders of the oxidative phosphorylation system in the heart mitochondria of mice with juvenile visceral steatosis.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cardiomegaly; Cytochromes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Fatty Liver; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperglycemia; Liver Diseases; Malates; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxygen Consumption; Respiration; Succinic Acid | 2003 |
Impaired spinal cord glutamate transport capacity and reduced sensitivity to riluzole in a transgenic superoxide dismutase mutant rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Resistance; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoblotting; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riluzole; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Symporters; Synaptosomes; Transgenes | 2003 |
Astrocyte metabolism is disturbed in the early development of experimental hydrocephalus.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Biomarkers; Brain Stem; Carbon Isotopes; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrocephalus; Kaolin; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Predictive Value of Tests; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine; Telencephalon | 2003 |
Presenilin-1 mutation sensitizes oligodendrocytes to glutamate and amyloid toxicities, and exacerbates white matter damage and memory impairment in mice.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Mutation; Myelin Sheath; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Oligodendroglia; Peptide Fragments; Presenilin-1 | 2003 |
Functional modifications in rod bipolar cells in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred Strains; Receptors, GABA; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Retinitis Pigmentosa | 2003 |
Acute and subchronic MPTP administration differentially affects striatal glutamate synaptic function.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Administration Schedule; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Subunits; Receptors, Glutamate; Synapses; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Therapeutic vaccine for acute and chronic motor neuron diseases: implications for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Axotomy; Cell Death; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Facial Nerve; Female; Glatiramer Acetate; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Motor Neuron Disease; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Peptides; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Vaccines | 2003 |
Differences in ionotropic glutamate receptor subunit expression are not responsible for strain-dependent susceptibility to excitotoxin-induced injury.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Epilepsy; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Protein Subunits; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Baclofen attenuates conditioned locomotion to cues associated with cocaine administration and stabilizes extracellular glutamate levels in rat nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Neuroprotective effects of (+/-)-huprine Y on in vitro and in vivo models of excitoxicity damage.
Topics: Aminoquinolines; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; Isoquinolines; Mice; Molecular Chaperones; Motor Activity; N-Methylaspartate; Neoplasm Proteins; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats | 2003 |
Activation of a glycine transporter on spinal cord neurons causes enhanced glutamate release in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Age Factors; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; D-Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2003 |
Identification of neuronal cell death in a model of degeneration in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Axons; Biomarkers; Cell Death; Cell Line; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Fluoresceins; Fluorescent Dyes; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Microglia; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Organic Chemicals; Propidium; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
Levodopa treatment reverses endocannabinoid system abnormalities in experimental parkinsonism.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Arachidonic Acids; Binding, Competitive; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cerebellum; Corpus Striatum; Cyclohexanols; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Glutamic Acid; Glycerides; In Vitro Techniques; Levodopa; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phospholipase D; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug | 2003 |
GABA transmission in the nucleus accumbens is altered after withdrawal from repeated cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Chronic Disease; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Administration Schedule; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Male; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphorylation; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Prefrontal glutamate release into the core of the nucleus accumbens mediates cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Extinction, Psychological; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration | 2003 |
Decrease in glial glutamate transporter variants and excitatory amino acid receptor down-regulation in a murine model of ALS-PDC.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Blood Vessels; Central Nervous System; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Plant Extracts; Protein Isoforms; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glutamate; Up-Regulation | 2003 |
Role of alpha-synuclein in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonism in mice.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; alpha-Synuclein; Animals; Antibodies; Blastomeres; Blotting, Southern; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Primers; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homovanillic Acid; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; MPTP Poisoning; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piperazines; Rats; Reserpine; Serotonin; Stem Cells; Subcellular Fractions; Substantia Nigra; Synucleins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Do rapid systemic changes of brain temperature have an influence on the brain?
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Lactic Acid; Male; Rewarming; Time Factors | 2003 |
Neurochemical characteristics of the ventromedial hypothalamus in mediating the antiaversive effects of anxiolytics in different models of anxiety.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Apomorphine; Avoidance Learning; Biguanides; Brain Chemistry; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonidine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Droperidol; Drug Interactions; GABA Agents; GABA Antagonists; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memantine; Mephenytoin; Microinjections; Pentylenetetrazole; Phentolamine; Picrotoxin; Piperazines; Propranolol; Pyrimidines; Rats; Serotonin; Sulpiride; Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus; Yohimbine | 2003 |
Altered amino acid levels in sera of a mouse model for juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Creatine Kinase; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Time Factors; Transaminases | 2003 |
Glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens is involved in behavioral depression during the PORSOLT swim test.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Swimming; Tail; Time Factors; Valine | 2003 |
Extracellular glutamate and other amino acids in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Single-Blind Method; Stroke; Taurine; Time Factors | 2003 |
Increased adenine nucleotide translocator 1 in reactive astrocytes facilitates glutamate transport.
Topics: Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1; Animals; Astrocytes; Atractyloside; Biological Transport; Brain Injuries; Cells, Cultured; Collodion; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Implants, Experimental; Male; Mice; Mitochondria; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 | 2003 |
Is the interaction between felbamate and valproate against seizures induced by 4-aminopyridine and pentylenetetrazole in mice beneficial?
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Felbamate; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenylcarbamates; Propylene Glycols; Reaction Time; Seizures; Toxicity Tests; Valproic Acid | 2003 |
Interleukin-6, beta-amyloid peptide and NMDA interactions in rat cortical neurons.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Encephalitis; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-6; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2003 |
Neuroprotective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A: in vivo and in vitro studies.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carthamus tinctorius; Chalcone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Sodium Cyanide | 2003 |
Altered astrocyte calcium homeostasis and proliferation in theTs65Dn mouse, a model of Down syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Calcium; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pregnancy; Trisomy | 2003 |
Group II mGlu receptor activation suppresses norepinephrine release in the ventral hippocampus and locomotor responses to acute ketamine challenge.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Area Under Curve; Binding Sites; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Hippocampus; Humans; Hyperkinesis; In Vitro Techniques; Ketamine; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Schizophrenia; Serotonin; Sulfur Isotopes; Time Factors; Trifluoroethanol; Xanthenes | 2003 |
A dual role of adenosine A2A receptors in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced striatal lesions: implications for the neuroprotective potential of A2A antagonists.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Body Weight; Cell Death; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Encephalitis; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitro Compounds; Phenethylamines; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Purinergic P1; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Survival Rate; Synapses; Xanthines | 2003 |
Opioid peptide release in the rat hippocampus after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Down-Regulation; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Status Epilepticus | 2003 |
High threshold for induction of the stress response in motor neurons is associated with failure to activate HSF1.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Glutamic Acid; Heat Shock Transcription Factors; Heat-Shock Proteins; Heat-Shock Response; Hot Temperature; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Multienzyme Complexes; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Transcription Factors | 2003 |
Conditional calcineurin knockout mice exhibit multiple abnormal behaviors related to schizophrenia.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcineurin; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior | 2003 |
Multiple sclerosis and glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Nootropic Agents; Pyrrolidinones; Quinoxalines; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord | 2003 |
Effects of LY379268, a selective group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist on EEG activity, cortical perfusion, tissue damage, and cortical glutamate, glucose, and lactate levels in brain-injured rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Time Factors | 2003 |
Effects of L-glutamate supplementation mimic effects of fasting in the ischemic heart.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Fasting; Glutamic Acid; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ventricular Function, Left | 2003 |
Translocation of glutamate transporter subtype excitatory amino acid carrier 1 protein in kainic acid-induced rat epilepsy.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Symporters | 2003 |
Design and synthesis of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors encompassing a bridging ester group. Evaluation in a mouse colitis model.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cell Division; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Folic Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Liver; Lymphocytes; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Quinazolines; Rats; Spleen; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase | 2003 |
Involvement of mitochondrial K+ release and cellular efflux in ischemic and apoptotic neuronal death.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cyanides; Decanoic Acids; Diazoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxy Acids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Vasodilator Agents | 2003 |
Purification of a neuroprotective component of Parawixia bistriata spider venom that enhances glutamate uptake.
Topics: Animals; Brazil; Carbon Isotopes; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Spider Venoms; Spiders; Synaptosomes; Tissue Extracts; Tritium | 2003 |
Functional changes of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 during ischemia: an in vivo study in the hippocampal CA1 of normal mice and mutant mice lacking GLT-1.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Microdialysis; Time Factors | 2003 |
Expression of glutamate transporter, GABRA6, serine proteinase inhibitor 2 and low levels of glutamate and GABA in the brain of knock-out mouse for Canavan disease.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Azo Compounds; Brain Chemistry; Canavan Disease; Creatine; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Insect Proteins; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Receptors, GABA-A; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Sequence Analysis, Protein | 2003 |
Increased expression of the glial glutamate transporter EAAT2 modulates excitotoxicity and delays the onset but not the outcome of ALS in mice.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Brain; Caspases; Cell Death; Cell Membrane; Crosses, Genetic; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Time Factors; Transgenes | 2003 |
Evidence for the absence of an intestinal adaptive mechanism to compensate for C. parvum-induced amino acid malabsorption in suckling rats.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium parvum; Disease Models, Animal; Duodenum; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Ileum; Intestinal Mucosa; Leucine; Malabsorption Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Symporters | 2003 |
Dietary L-aspartate and L-glutamate inhibit fatty streak initiation in cholesterol-fed rabbit.
Topics: Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Aspartic Acid; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, Dietary; Diet, Atherogenic; Disease Models, Animal; Foam Cells; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, LDL; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances | 2003 |
Inhibitory effect of intrathecal glycine on the micturition reflex in normal and spinal cord injury rats.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Agents; Injections, Spinal; Lumbosacral Region; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glycine; Reflex; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Strychnine; Urinary Bladder; Urination | 2003 |
Redox regulation of neuronal migration in a Down Syndrome model.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Chemotaxis; Disease Models, Animal; Dithiothreitol; Down Syndrome; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Trisomy | 2003 |
Effect of resuscitative mild hypothermia on glutamate and dopamine release, apoptosis and ischaemic brain damage in the endothelin-1 rat model for focal cerebral ischaemia.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Endothelin-1; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2003 |
Neuroprotective effects of bilobalide, a component of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in global brain ischemia and in excitotoxicity-induced neuronal death.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Transport Complex IV; Furans; Gerbillinae; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Situ Hybridization; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Membrane Proteins; Plant Extracts; Rats; Reperfusion; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Trauma, Nervous System | 2003 |
In vitro formation of a secondary epileptogenic mirror focus by interhippocampal propagation of seizures.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Chloride Channels; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neural Pathways; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Glutamatergic activation of the amygdala differentially mimics the effects of audiogenic seizure kindling in two substrains of genetically epilepsy-prone rats.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy, Reflex; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 2003 |
Metabolic changes in the knockout mouse for Canavan's disease: implications for patients with Canavan's disease.
Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspartic Acid; Body Weight; Canavan Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout | 2003 |
Alteration of NMDA NR1 receptors within the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus in rats with heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Kidney; Male; Microdialysis; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2003 |
Changes of mGluR4 and the effects of its specific agonist L-AP4 in a rodent model of diffuse brain injury.
Topics: Aminobutyrates; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cell Count; Cognition Disorders; Diffuse Axonal Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Movement Disorders; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Transmission; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Magnesium supplementation does not delay disease onset or increase survival in a mouse model of familial ALS.
Topics: Age of Onset; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hand Strength; Magnesium; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle Weakness; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Survival Rate; Treatment Failure | 2003 |
Increased brain uptake and CSF clearance of 14C-glutamate in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Blood Pressure; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Carbon Isotopes; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Kinetics; Male; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY | 2003 |
Structural involvement of the glutamatergic presynaptic boutons in a transgenic mouse model expressing early onset amyloid pathology.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurites; Neuropil; Plaque, Amyloid; Presynaptic Terminals | 2003 |
Disruption of prepulse inhibition in mice lacking mGluR1.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Antimanic Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Lamotrigine; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neural Inhibition; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Transmission; Triazines | 2003 |
In vitro effects of D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid on glutamate binding, uptake and release in cerebral cortex of rats.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutarates; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neurotoxins; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomes | 2004 |
Subcutaneous administration of botulinum toxin A reduces formalin-induced pain.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Edema; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Inhibition, Psychological; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Neuromuscular Agents; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Time Factors | 2004 |
Antipyretic effect of acetaminophen by inhibition of glutamate release after staphylococcal enterotoxin A fever in rabbits.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Body Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enterotoxins; Fever; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; Male; Rabbits | 2004 |
Kynurenic acid synthesis in cerebral cortical slices of rats with progressing symptoms of thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Kynurenic Acid; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thioacetamide; Transaminases | 2004 |
Moderate controlled cortical contusion in pigs: effects on multi-parametric neuromonitoring and clinical relevance.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid; Swine | 2003 |
Neuroprotection by cyclosporin A following transient brain ischemia correlates with the inhibition of the early efflux of cytochrome C to cytoplasm.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biological Transport; Blotting, Western; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclosporine; Cytochromes c; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Staurosporine; Tacrolimus; Time Factors; Tubulin | 2004 |
Limbic and motor circuitry underlying footshock-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Efferent Pathways; Electroshock; GABA Agonists; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Neural Inhibition; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Self Administration; Septal Nuclei; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2004 |
Neurotransmitter release in experimental stroke models: the role of glutamate-GABA interaction.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain; D-Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Stroke; Tetrazolium Salts; Tritium | 2004 |
Presenilin-1 deficiency impairs glutamate-evoked intracellular calcium responses in neurons.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; beta-Galactosidase; Brain; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Fetus; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Fluid; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Presenilin-1; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Anti-excitotoxic activity of trimetazidine in the retina.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Ischemia; Kainic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Trimetazidine | 2004 |
Effect of a selective glutamate antagonist on L-dopa-induced dyskinesias in drug-naive parkinsonian monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Benzoxazoles; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Macaca fascicularis; Parkinson Disease; Piperidines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Treatment Outcome | 2004 |
In vivo modulation of extracellular hippocampal glutamate and GABA levels and limbic seizures by group I and II metabotropic glutamate receptor ligands.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzoates; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Cyclopropanes; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Ligands; Limbic System; Male; Microdialysis; Pilocarpine; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Seizures | 2004 |
Excessive and precocious glutamate release in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Synaptosomes | 2004 |
Limbic epileptogenicity, cell loss and axonal reorganization induced by audiogenic and amygdala kindling in wistar audiogenic rats (WAR strain).
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amygdala; Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Epilepsy, Reflex; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Limbic System; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Nerve Degeneration; Neuronal Plasticity; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Rats, Wistar | 2004 |
Spinal axonal injury transiently elevates the level of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5, but not 1, in cord-projection central neurons.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Efferent Pathways; Female; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Red Nucleus; Retrograde Degeneration; Spinal Cord Injuries; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Comparison of short- and long-duration oxygen treatment after cerebral asphyxia in newborn piglets.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Asphyxia; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Lactic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Microdialysis; Oxygen; Pyruvic Acid; Swine | 2004 |
Concentrations of glutamate released following spinal cord injury kill oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors | 2004 |
Effects of somatosensory electrical stimulation on neuronal injury after global hypoxia-ischemia.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cerebellum; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Median Nerve; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Somatosensory Cortex | 2004 |
Participation of brainstem nuclei in the pronociceptive effect of lesion or neural block of the anterior pretectal nucleus in a rat model of incisional pain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Block; Neurons; Nociceptors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Wounds and Injuries | 2004 |
Transglutaminase activity and transglutaminase mRNA transcripts in gerbil brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Genes, Regulator; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neurotoxins; Protein Isoforms; Reperfusion Injury; RNA, Messenger; Transglutaminases; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Vitreous and retinal amino acid concentrations in experimental central retinal artery occlusion in the primate.
Topics: Acute Disease; Amino Acids; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Glutamic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Retina; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Specimen Handling; Vitreous Body | 2005 |
Müller cell response to laser-induced increase in intraocular pressure in rats.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glaucoma; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Intraocular Pressure; Lasers; Male; Neuroglia; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2004 |
Effects of protein deprivation on growth and small intestine morphology are not improved by glutamine or glutamate in gastrostomy-fed rat pups.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; alpha-Glucosidases; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Claudin-1; Dietary Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrostomy; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunoblotting; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Membrane Proteins; Occludin; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tight Junctions; Weight Gain | 2004 |
Regulation of ion channel localization and phosphorylation by neuronal activity.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Western; Cadmium Chloride; Calcimycin; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Cyclosporine; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channel Gating; Ionophores; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neuronal Plasticity; Nitrendipine; Nitriles; Okadaic Acid; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Phosphorylation; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Potassium Chloride; Pyramidal Cells; Pyrethrins; Rats; Seizures; Shab Potassium Channels; Time Factors; Translocation, Genetic | 2004 |
Spatio-temporal changes in neurofilament proteins immunoreactivity following kainate-induced cerebellar lesion in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Nerve Regeneration; Neurofilament Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Synaptophysin; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
NMDA receptor function in the prefrontal cortex of a rat model for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Topics: Animals; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Male; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2004 |
Adenosine A(2A) receptor-mediated modulation of GABA and glutamate release in the output regions of the basal ganglia in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Efferent Pathways; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Male; Models, Neurological; Neostriatum; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Purines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Substantia Nigra | 2004 |
Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on glutamate receptor-mediated neurotoxicity in cultured rat spinal motor neurons.
Topics: Animals; Antimycin A; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Malonates; Mitochondria; Motor Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Rotenone; Spinal Cord | 2004 |
Dopamine, through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, downregulates CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell activity: implications for neurodegeneration.
Topics: Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Adhesion; Cell Movement; Cell Separation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Immune Tolerance; Mice; Nerve Crush; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Injuries; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D5; Receptors, Interleukin-2; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Signal Transduction | 2004 |
Does amygdaloid corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mediate anxiety-like behaviors? Dissociation of anxiogenic effects and CRH release.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Bombesin; Brain Chemistry; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Electroshock; Environment; Glutamic Acid; Hormone Antagonists; Male; Microdialysis; Peptide Fragments; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone | 2004 |
Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta inhibitor Chir025 reduces neuronal death resulting from oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Caspases; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2004 |
Expression of glutamate receptors and calcium-binding proteins in the retina of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Topics: Amacrine Cells; Animals; Calbindins; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Quinolinic acid promotes seizures and decreases glutamate uptake in young rats: reversal by orally administered guanosine.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanosine; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neurons; Phenobarbital; Picrotoxin; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2004 |
Involvement of RhoA and possible neuroprotective effect of fasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, in NMDA-induced neurotoxicity in the rat retina.
Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retina; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Ganglion Cells; rho-Associated Kinases; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; RNA, Messenger; Thy-1 Antigens; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Estrogen attenuates neuronal excitability in the insular cortex following middle cerebral artery occlusion.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Estrogens; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sympathetic Nervous System; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Seizure evolution and amino acid imbalances in murine succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neural Inhibition; Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase | 2004 |
A Drosophila model of early onset torsion dystonia suggests impairment in TGF-beta signaling.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drosophila; Dystonia Musculorum Deformans; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Chaperones; Neurons; Sequence Deletion; Signal Transduction; Smad2 Protein; Synapses; Trans-Activators; Transforming Growth Factor beta | 2004 |
Efficacy and safety of memantine treatment for reduction of changes associated with experimental glaucoma in monkey, I: Functional measures.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Cell Count; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Macaca fascicularis; Memantine; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Nerve Diseases; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Safety; Treatment Outcome; Vitreous Body | 2004 |
In vivo neuroprotective adaptation of the glutamate/glutamine cycle to neuronal death.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Fornix, Brain; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Hippocampus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Male; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2004 |
Targeting ischemic stroke with a novel opener of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Membrane Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Stroke | 2004 |
Abeta is targeted to the vasculature in a mouse model of hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Amyloidosis; Animals; Blood Vessels; Blotting, Western; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mutation; Peptide Fragments; Pia Mater; Postmortem Changes; Thy-1 Antigens | 2004 |
Cell cultures from animal models of Alzheimer's disease as a tool for faster screening and testing of drug efficacy.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cell Culture Techniques; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neuronal Plasticity; Neuroprotective Agents; Presenilin-1; Presynaptic Terminals; Synapsins; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Long-term effects of seizures in neonatal rats on spatial learning ability and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression in the brain.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Flurothyl; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Protein Subunits; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Space Perception; Synaptic Transmission; Telencephalon; Time Factors | 2004 |
Acute effects of 17beta-estradiol on the extracellular concentration of excitatory amino acids and energy metabolites during transient cerebral ischemia in male rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Infarction; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Electrochemistry; Energy Metabolism; Estradiol; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion; Time Factors | 2004 |
Neuroprotection in ischemia: blocking calcium-permeable acid-sensing ion channels.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Acidosis; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; COS Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels | 2004 |
Glutamate receptor blockade attenuates glucose hypermetabolism in perihematomal brain after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rat.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2004 |
Mechanisms of oxygen glucose deprivation-induced glutamate release from cerebrocortical slice cultures.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Hypoxia; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2004 |
Early loss of the glutamate transporter splice-variant GLT-1v in rat cerebral cortex following lateral fluid-percussion injury.
Topics: Alternative Splicing; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Brain Injuries; Carrier Proteins; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Protein Isoforms; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Symporters; Thalamus; Time Factors; Wounds, Nonpenetrating | 2005 |
Synaptic transmission and synchronous activity is disrupted in hippocampal slices taken from aged TAS10 mice.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Cortical Synchronization; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Net; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Presynaptic Terminals; Quinoxalines; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Loss of glial glutamate transporters and induction of neuronal expression of GLT-1B in the hypoxic neonatal pig brain.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Swine; Time Factors | 2004 |
CPP and amlodipine alter the decrease in basal acetylcholine and choline release by audiogenic stimulus in hippocampus of ethanol-withdrawn rats in vivo.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acoustic Stimulation; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Amlodipine; Animals; Body Weight; Calcium Channel Blockers; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy, Reflex; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Suppressive effect of Saiko-ka-ryukotsu-borei-to, a herbal medicine, on excessive release of glutamate in the hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; Food, Formulated; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Zinc | 2004 |
Effects of NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist drugs on the volitional consumption of ethanol by a genetic drinking rat.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Amino Acids, Cyclic; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Male; Motor Activity; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Volition | 2004 |
Increased internalisation and degradation of GLT-1 glial glutamate transporter in a cell model for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biological Transport; Biotinylation; Blotting, Western; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Complementary; Dogs; Down-Regulation; Endocytosis; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Biological; Mutation; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Plasmids; Protein Isoforms; Superoxide Dismutase; Time Factors; Transfection | 2004 |
Astroglial plasticity and glutamate function in a chronic mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Cell Count; Cell Size; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Parkinsonian Disorders; Probenecid; Sodium; Synapses | 2004 |
Nitric oxide-induced increase of excitatory amino acid levels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the rat with tactile hypersensitivity evoked by the loose-ligation of the inferior alveolar nerves.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzoates; Capsaicin; Dental Pulp; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Imidazoles; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ligation; Lip; Male; Mandibular Nerve; Microdialysis; Nitric Oxide; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Trigeminal Nuclei | 2004 |
Prolonged nicotine administration results in biphasic, brain-specific changes in kynurenate levels in the rat.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Kynurenine; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Smoking; Tobacco Use Disorder; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Altered vulnerability to kainate excitotoxicity of transgenic-Cu/Zn SOD1 neurones.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Asparagine; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cobalt; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nifedipine; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Sodium Channel Blockers; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors | 2004 |
Pharmacological and anatomical evidence for an interaction between mGluR5- and GABA(A) alpha1-containing receptors in the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Diazepam; Discrimination, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neurons; Pentobarbital; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Telencephalon | 2005 |
Cefoselis, a beta-lactam antibiotic, easily penetrates the blood-brain barrier and causes seizure independently by glutamate release.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cefazolin; Ceftizoxime; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Renal Insufficiency; Seizures | 2004 |
Vitreous glutamate concentration and axon loss in monkeys with experimental glaucoma.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Laser Therapy; Macaca fascicularis; Macaca mulatta; Male; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Diseases; Trabecular Meshwork; Vitreous Body | 2005 |
Kinetics of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid in cerebrospinal fluid in a canine model of complex partial status epilepticus induced by kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Microinjections; Status Epilepticus; Time Factors | 2004 |
Ketamine induces dopamine-dependent depression of evoked hippocampal activity in the nucleus accumbens in freely moving rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Fornix, Brain; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Acute reserpine and subchronic haloperidol treatments change synaptosomal brain glutamate uptake and elicit orofacial dyskinesia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Male; Mastication; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reserpine; Synaptosomes; Tongue | 2005 |
Cerebral glutamate metabolism in Parkinson's disease: an in vivo dynamic (13)C NMS study in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Basal Ganglia; Carbon Isotopes; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Glutamine; Infusions, Intravenous; Levodopa; Lipid Metabolism; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neostriatum; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Acetate | 2005 |
Altered metabolic profile in the frontal cortex of PS2APP transgenic mice, monitored throughout their life span.
Topics: Age Factors; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Energy Metabolism; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Plaque, Amyloid; Presenilin-2; Spectrum Analysis | 2005 |
Minocycline in phenotypic models of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Calpain; Caspases; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalitis; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Male; Minocycline; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitro Compounds; Nuclear Proteins; Phenotype; Propionates; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Wistar; Staurosporine | 2005 |
Neuroprotection afforded by prior citicoline administration in experimental brain ischemia: effects on glutamate transport.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Coculture Techniques; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Symporters | 2005 |
Inhibition of iNOS activity by 1400W decreases glutamate release and ameliorates stroke outcome after experimental ischemia.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amidines; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Benzylamines; Brain; Cerebral Infarction; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Disturbed Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of medium spiny neurons in Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium Signaling; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Neurological; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons | 2005 |
Protective autoimmunity: interferon-gamma enables microglia to remove glutamate without evoking inflammatory mediators.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; Autoimmunity; Cells, Cultured; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; Immunohistochemistry; Interferon-gamma; Lipopolysaccharides; Microglia; Myelin Basic Protein; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Optic Nerve Injuries; Oxidative Stress; Phagocytes; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; STAT1 Transcription Factor; Time Factors; Trans-Activators | 2005 |
Alpha-Ketoisocaproate-induced hypersecretion of insulin by islets from diabetes-susceptible mice.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Insulin Secretion; Islets of Langerhans; Keto Acids; Ketoglutaric Acids; Leptin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Species Specificity; Transaminases | 2005 |
In vitro 1H NMR spectroscopy shows an increase in N-acetylaspartylglutamate and glutamine content in the hippocampus of amygdaloid-kindled rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Amygdala; Animals; Creatine; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kindling, Neurologic; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Ocular inflammation alters swelling and membrane characteristics of rat Müller glial cells.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Electric Capacitance; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acids; Eye Diseases; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Lipopolysaccharides; Membrane Potentials; Neuroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Retina | 2005 |
Developmental pesticide exposures and the Parkinson's disease phenotype.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Parkinson Disease; Pesticides; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects | 2005 |
Electrophysiological properties of cultured hippocampal neurons from Wistar Audiogenic Rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Impedance; Epilepsy, Reflex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Physiological and behavioral evidence for focal nociception induced by epidural glutamate infusion in rats.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Injections, Epidural; Lumbar Vertebrae; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Single-Blind Method; Spinal Cord | 2005 |
Up-regulation of neuropeptide Y levels and modulation of glutamate release through neuropeptide Y receptors in the hippocampus of kainate-induced epileptic rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuropeptide Y; Peptide Fragments; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis--a new role for old drugs.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents | 2005 |
Glutamate uptake is attenuated in spinal deep dorsal and ventral horn in the rat spinal nerve ligation model.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Anterior Horn Cells; Biosensing Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Electrochemistry; Glutamic Acid; Ligation; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Microdialysis; Microelectrodes; Neuronal Plasticity; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerves | 2005 |
Further evidence for the regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity by a glutamate- and magnesium-activated protein phosphatase in the pancreatic beta cell: defective regulation in the diabetic GK rat islet.
Topics: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Islets of Langerhans; Magnesium; Male; Okadaic Acid; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar | 2005 |
Resuscitation from experimental heatstroke by hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Brain Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Ischemia; Lactic Acid; Male; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Resuscitation; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
The mode of spinal motor neurons degeneration in a model of slow glutamate excitotoxicity in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Spinal Cord | 2005 |
Combined alpha2 and D2/3 receptor blockade enhances cortical glutamatergic transmission and reverses cognitive impairment in the rat.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Clozapine; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Idazoxan; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maze Learning; Raclopride; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin reduces striatal glutamate in an animal model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Sympatholytics | 2005 |
Ebselen prevents noise-induced excitotoxicity and temporary threshold shift.
Topics: Animals; Auditory Threshold; Azoles; Cochlear Nerve; Dendrites; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Isoindoles; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons, Afferent; Neuroprotective Agents; Noise; Organoselenium Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Synaptic Transmission; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Altered expression patterns of metabotropic glutamate receptors in diffuse brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Diffuse Axonal Injury; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
MRL/lpr mice have alterations in brain metabolism as shown with [1H-13C] NMR spectroscopy.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Brain Edema; Carbon Radioisotopes; Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycolysis; Lactic Acid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Protons; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Metabolism is normal in astrocytes in chronically epileptic rats: a (13)C NMR study of neuronal-glial interactions in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Communication; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2005 |
Dietary restriction affects striatal glutamate in the MPTP-induced mouse model of nigrostriatal degeneration.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Caloric Restriction; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; Food Deprivation; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Pathways; Parkinsonian Disorders; Presynaptic Terminals; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2005 |
Protein retention in the endoplasmic reticulum, blockade of programmed cell death and autophagy selectively occur in spinal cord motoneurons after glutamate receptor-mediated injury.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Anterior Horn Cells; Apoptosis; Autophagy; Axotomy; Chick Embryo; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Inclusion Bodies; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurotoxins; Protein Biosynthesis; Receptors, Glutamate; Stress, Physiological | 2005 |
Protein phosphatase modulates the phosphorylation of spinal cord NMDA receptors in rats following intradermal injection of capsaicin.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Pain; Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; Phosphorylation; Protein Phosphatase 2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Neuroprotection in cardiac surgery.
Topics: Animals; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cognition Disorders; Consciousness Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors | 2005 |
Immature rat brain slices exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation as an in vitro model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Western; Brain; Cell Death; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Iptakalim hydrochloride protects cells against neurotoxin-induced glutamate transporter dysfunction in in vitro and in vivo models.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neostriatum; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Parkinsonian Disorders; PC12 Cells; Potassium Channels; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptosomes | 2005 |
Target-specific catecholamine elevation induced by anticonvulsant thalamic deep brain stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Catecholamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Deep Brain Stimulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Pentylenetetrazole; Random Allocation; Rats; Seizures; Stereotaxic Techniques; Thalamus; Tissue Distribution | 2005 |
Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage induces changes in the levels of hippocampal NMDA receptor subunit mRNA.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Time Factors | 2005 |
Effect of antiatherogenic L-aspartate and L-glutamate on serum lipoproteins cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-1 and B in rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet.
Topics: Animals; Apolipoprotein A-I; Apolipoproteins; Apolipoproteins B; Arteriosclerosis; Aspartic Acid; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, Dietary; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Diet, Atherogenic; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rabbits; Random Allocation; Triglycerides | 2005 |
Isolation rearing or methamphetamine traumatisation induce a "dysconnection" of prefrontal efferents in gerbils: implications for schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Efferent Pathways; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Lysine; Male; Methamphetamine; Models, Neurological; Parietal Lobe; Prefrontal Cortex; Presynaptic Terminals; Schizophrenia; Social Isolation; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Arvanil, a hybrid endocannabinoid and vanilloid compound, behaves as an antihyperkinetic agent in a rat model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Capsaicin; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Hyperkinesis; Male; Motor Activity; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2005 |
Spinal glial glutamate transporters downregulate in rats with taxol-induced hyperalgesia.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Cell Communication; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neuroglia; Nociceptors; Paclitaxel; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Posterior Horn Cells; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Symporters; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Effects of ryanodine receptor activation on neurotransmitter release and neuronal cell death following kainic acid-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Death; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Single-Stranded; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrochemistry; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Ruthenium Red; Ryanodine; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Status Epilepticus; Time Factors | 2005 |
Detection of increased local excitatory circuits in the hippocampus during epileptogenesis using focal flash photolysis of caged glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Models, Neurological; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Neural Pathways; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photolysis; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission | 2005 |
Increased calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity in striatal projection neurons of R6/2 Huntington's disease transgenic mice.
Topics: Animals; Calbindin 1; Calbindins; Calcium Signaling; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Nuclear Proteins; RNA, Messenger; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Functional assessment of glutamate clearance mechanisms in a chronic rat glaucoma model using retinal ganglion cell calcium imaging.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Diagnostic Imaging; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fura-2; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intraocular Pressure; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Optic Nerve; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Time Factors | 2005 |
Concurrent monitoring of cerebral electrophysiology and metabolism after traumatic brain injury: an experimental and clinical study.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adult; Animals; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Fluid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2005 |
UCM707, an inhibitor of the anandamide uptake, behaves as a symptom control agent in models of Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis, but fails to delay/arrest the progression of different motor-related disorders.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electrochemistry; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Endocannabinoids; Exploratory Behavior; Furans; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Malonates; Movement Disorders; Multiple Sclerosis; Nitro Compounds; Oxidopamine; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2006 |
MRS assessment of glutamate clearance in a novel masticatory muscle pain model.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intramuscular; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Masticatory Muscles; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome; Visceral Afferents | 2005 |
Topiramate prevents excitotoxic damage in the newborn rodent brain.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Cerebral Palsy; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Fructose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Ibotenic Acid; Infant, Newborn; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Topiramate; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Identification of candidate drugs for the treatment of ALS.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Antioxidants; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; GABA Modulators; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Ion Channels; Motor Neurons; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord | 2005 |
Chronic ethanol exposure and protracted abstinence alter NMDA receptors in central amygdala.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Amygdala; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Lack of cardioprotection from metabolic support with glutamine or glutamate in a porcine coronary occlusion model.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hemodynamics; Infusions, Intravenous; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; Male; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Probability; Random Allocation; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity; Swine; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; Vascular Patency | 2005 |
Neuroprotective adeno-associated virus Bcl-xL gene transfer in models of motor neuron disease.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; bcl-X Protein; Blotting, Western; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Motor Neuron Disease; Neuroblastoma; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Transfection | 2005 |
Effects of systemic administration of iptakalim on extracellular neurotransmitter levels in the striatum of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Apomorphine; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pinacidil; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Presynaptic Terminals; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Agmatine reduces extracellular glutamate during pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rat brain: a potential mechanism for the anticonvulsive effects.
Topics: Agmatine; Animals; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Time Factors | 2005 |
Prenatal hypoxia impairs memory function but does not result in overt structural alterations in the postnatal chick brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Fetal Hypoxia; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Immunohistochemistry; Memory Disorders; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Presynaptic Terminals; Synaptic Vesicles; Synaptophysin | 2005 |
Does GDNF exert its neuroprotective effects on photoreceptors in the rd1 retina through the glial glutamate transporter GLAST?
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microscopy, Confocal; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Retinal Degeneration; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger | 2005 |
Glutamate level in optic nerve head is increased by artificial elevation of intraocular pressure in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Ocular Hypertension; Optic Disk; Rabbits | 2006 |
Protein S100B release from rat brain slices during and after ischemia: comparison with lactate dehydrogenase leakage.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Effects of prenatal paraquat and mancozeb exposure on amino acid synaptic transmission in developing mouse cerebellar cortex.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cerebellar Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Female; Fungicides, Industrial; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Herbicides; Hyperkinesis; Maneb; Mice; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Paraquat; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Synaptic Transmission; Zineb | 2005 |
Ipsapirone and ketanserin protects against circulatory shock, intracranial hypertension, and cerebral ischemia during heatstroke.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hot Temperature; Hypertension; Hypoxia; Intracranial Hypertension; Ketanserin; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Models, Statistical; Neurons; Oxygen; Pressure; Pyrimidines; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Shock; Temperature; Time Factors; Titanium; Urethane | 2005 |
Effects of iptakalim on extracellular glutamate and dopamine levels in the striatum of unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats: a microdialysis study.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidopamine; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra | 2006 |
Effects of sabiporide, a specific Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, on neuronal cell death and brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Reperfusion; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles | 2005 |
Upregulation of pentose phosphate pathway and preservation of tricarboxylic acid cycle flux after experimental brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Citric Acid Cycle; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Rats; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
High resolution 1H NMR-based metabolomics indicates a neurotransmitter cycling deficit in cerebral tissue from a mouse model of Batten disease.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Models, Biological; Molecular Chaperones; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenotype; Spectrophotometry; Time Factors | 2005 |
Ischemic preconditioning ameliorates excitotoxicity by shifting glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid release and biosynthesis.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B | 2005 |
Defective tumor necrosis factor-alpha-dependent control of astrocyte glutamate release in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Astrocytes; Base Sequence; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Primers; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2005 |
Epileptogenesis is associated with enhanced glutamatergic transmission in the perforant path.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Perforant Pathway; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Neuroprotective effects of tacrolimus (FK506) in a model of ischemic cortical cell cultures: role of glutamate uptake and FK506 binding protein 12 kDa.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Tacrolimus; Tacrolimus Binding Proteins | 2006 |
Cerebral neurons of transgenic ALS mice are vulnerable to glutamate release stimulation but not to increased extracellular glutamate due to transport blockade.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biological Transport; Dicarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Superoxide Dismutase | 2006 |
Late N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade rescues hippocampal neurons from excitotoxic stress and death after 4-aminopyridine-induced epilepsy.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Cell Count; Cell Death; Chelating Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Interactions; Egtazic Acid; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors | 2005 |
Loss of metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated regulation of glutamate transport in chemically activated astrocytes in a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Blotting, Northern; Calcium; Carbachol; Cholinergic Agonists; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Protein Kinase C; Pyridines; Rats; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Sodium; Superoxide Dismutase; Tritium | 2006 |
Degree of damage compensation by various PACAP treatments in monosodium glutamate-induced retinal degeneration.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Degeneration; Time Factors | 2005 |
Protective effects of alpha-tocopherol and ischemic preconditioning on hepatic reperfusion injury.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Antioxidants; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione Disulfide; Ischemic Preconditioning; Liver; Liver Diseases; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mitochondria, Liver; Mitochondrial Swelling; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury | 2005 |
Infusion of human umbilical cord blood cells protect against cerebral ischemia and damage during heatstroke in the rat.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Heat Stroke; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous | 2006 |
Effects of rimonabant, a selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electrochemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Hybridization; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Piperidines; Protein Binding; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Rimonabant; RNA, Messenger; Rotarod Performance Test; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2006 |
Selective up-regulation of NMDA-NR1 receptor expression in myenteric plexus after TNBS induced colitis in rats.
Topics: Animals; Colitis; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Myenteric Plexus; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nociceptors; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Up-Regulation; Visceral Afferents | 2006 |
Early, transient increase in complexin I and complexin II in the cerebral cortex following traumatic brain injury is attenuated by N-acetylcysteine.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; SNARE Proteins; Synaptic Membranes; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Assessment of neuroprotective effects of glutamate modulation on glaucoma-related retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Ocular Hypertension; Piperidines; Rats; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Staurosporine | 2006 |
TNFR1 mediates increased neuronal membrane EAAT3 expression after in vivo cerebral ischemic preconditioning.
Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAM17 Protein; Animals; Antibodies; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Neurons; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Creatine prevents behavioral alterations caused by methylmalonic acid administration into the hippocampus of rats in the open field task.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Male; Memory; Memory Disorders; Methylmalonic Acid; Neuropsychological Tests; Psychomotor Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Succinic Acid; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Effect of morphine on the release of excitatory amino acids in the rat hind instep: Pain is modulated by the interaction between the peripheral opioid and glutamate systems.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Male; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated; Neural Conduction; Nociceptors; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Opioid; Sensory Receptor Cells; Signal Transduction | 2006 |
Protective effect of zinc against ischemic neuronal injury in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethylenediamines; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Injections, Intraventricular; Neurons; Protective Agents; Rats; Zinc | 2006 |
AMPA-receptor GluR1 subunits are involved in the control over behavior by cocaine-paired cues.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Learning; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Reaction Time; Receptors, AMPA; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Interferon-gamma is up-regulated in the hippocampus in response to intermittent fasting and protects hippocampal neurons against excitotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Caloric Restriction; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Food, Formulated; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Interferon gamma Receptor; Interferon-gamma; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Interferon; Stress, Physiological; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
The effects of ethosuximide on amino acids in genetic absence epilepsy rat model.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Motor Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2006 |
Neuroprotective effects of D-allose against retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Intraocular Pressure; Ion-Selective Electrodes; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2006 |
Facilitation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 area of rats with traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
NAAG peptidase inhibitor increases dialysate NAAG and reduces glutamate, aspartate and GABA levels in the dorsal hippocampus following fluid percussion injury in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Cytoprotection; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
The metabolism of C-glucose by neurons and astrocytes in brain subregions following focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Communication; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury | 2006 |
Mechanisms underlying the inability to induce area CA1 LTP in the mouse after traumatic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Glutamate transporters GLAST and EAAT4 regulate postischemic Purkinje cell death: an in vivo study using a cardiac arrest model in mice lacking GLAST or EAAT4.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Purkinje Cells | 2006 |
Enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in olfactory-limbic forebrain following kainate-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Convulsants; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Epilepsy; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Limbic System; Male; Microglia; Olfactory Pathways; Prosencephalon; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Dissociation of the roles of NMDA receptor and hippocampus in rats' spatial learning: the effects of environmental familiarity and task familiarity.
Topics: Animals; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Environment, Controlled; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Orientation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Space Perception; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Neonatal exposure to MK801 induces structural reorganization of the central nervous system.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Brain; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cytoskeleton; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Nerve Net; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Somatosensory Cortex; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; tau Proteins | 2006 |
Analysis of sensitivity to MK-801 treatment in a novel active allothetic place avoidance task and in the working memory version of the Morris water maze reveals differences between Long-Evans and Wistar rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperkinesis; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Memory, Short-Term; Orientation; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Space Perception; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Neural stem cells may be uniquely suited for combined gene therapy and cell replacement: Evidence from engraftment of Neurotrophin-3-expressing stem cells in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; beta-Galactosidase; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Mice; Neurons; Neurotrophin 3; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stem Cells; Transduction, Genetic | 2006 |
Activated protein C therapy in a rat heat stroke model.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Lactates; Male; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Platelet Count; Protein C; Prothrombin Time; Pyruvates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins; Regional Blood Flow; Transaminases; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Neurotoxicity of reactive aldehydes: the concept of "aldehyde load" as demonstrated by neuroprotection with hydroxylamines.
Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line; Cyclic N-Oxides; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxylamines; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Putrescine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Retina; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl | 2006 |
Changes in diffusion parameters, energy-related metabolites and glutamate in the rat cortex after transient hypoxia/ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Kinetics; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2006 |
Reversal of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization and associated phosphorylation of the NR2B and GluR1 subunits of the NMDA and AMPA receptors.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Ondansetron; Pergolide; Phosphorylation; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin Antagonists; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) on neurobehavioral and neurochemical changes in cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Aspartic Acid; Behavior; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Catalase; Crocus; Disease Models, Animal; Flowers; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hand Strength; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Motor Activity; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase | 2006 |
The antipyretic effects of baicalin in lipopolysaccharide-evoked fever in rabbits.
Topics: Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Fever; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypothalamus; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Microdialysis; Rabbits; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2006 |
Antidepressant-like effects of ceftriaxone in male C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Arousal; Ceftriaxone; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Fear; Feeding Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motivation; Motor Activity; Reaction Time; Stress, Psychological | 2007 |
Response of extracellular zinc in the ventral hippocampus against novelty stress.
Topics: Animals; Chelating Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Electric Stimulation; Environment, Controlled; Exploratory Behavior; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Zinc | 2006 |
Nicotine-induced changes of glutamate and arginine in naive and chronically alcoholized rats: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Animals; Arginine; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Depressants; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nitric Oxide; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2006 |
Impaired formalin-evoked changes of spinal amino acid levels in diabetic rats.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Amino Acids; Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Fluid; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Microdialysis; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerve Roots; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Neurochemistry of trigeminal activation in an animal model of migraine.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microdialysis; Migraine Disorders; Pain; Rats; Trigeminal Nerve | 2006 |
Inhibitory effects of berberine against morphine-induced locomotor sensitization and analgesic tolerance in mice.
Topics: Animals; Berberine; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Structure; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Narcotics; Oocytes; Protein Subunits; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Xenopus | 2006 |
Evoked expression of the glutamate transporter GLT-1c in retinal ganglion cells in human glaucoma and in a rat model.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Rats; Rats, Inbred BN; Retinal Ganglion Cells | 2006 |
Regional variations in NMDA receptor downregulation in streptozotocin-diabetic rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Brain Diseases, Metabolic; Cerebral Cortex; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Insulin; Male; Neurons; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission; Tritium | 2006 |
Deficits of glutamate transmission in the striatum of experimental hemiballism.
Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Dyskinesias; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulpiride; Synaptic Transmission; Tetrodotoxin; Triazines; Triazoles | 2006 |
Brain metabolism and extracellular space diffusion parameters during and after transient global hypoxia in the rat cortex.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Diffusion; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Erythropoietin is neuroprotective against NMDA-receptor-mediated excitotoxic brain injury in newborn mice.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Erythropoietin; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Intraventricular; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Male; Mice; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Receptors, Erythropoietin; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors | 2006 |
Dissociation between hippocampal neuronal loss, astroglial and microglial reactivity after pharmacologically induced reverse glutamate transport.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Dicarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalitis; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microglia; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2006 |
Brain neuroprotection by scavenging blood glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Drug Synergism; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxaloacetic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Treatment Outcome | 2007 |
Central metabotropic glutamate receptors differentially participate in interleukin-1beta-induced mechanical allodynia in the orofacial area of conscious rats.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Facial Pain; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Nociceptors; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Sensory Receptor Cells; Synaptic Transmission; Vibrissae | 2006 |
The effect of the AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist LY293558 in a rat model of postoperative pain.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Analgesics; Animals; Carboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Spinal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Isoquinolines; Male; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pain, Postoperative; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Tetrazoles; Treatment Outcome | 2006 |
Astroglial alterations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) model of slow glutamate excitotoxicity in vitro.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Spinal Cord | 2006 |
Protective and immunochemical activities of monoclonal antibodies reactive with the Bacillus anthracis polypeptide capsule.
Topics: Animals; Anthrax; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Affinity; Bacillus anthracis; Bacterial Capsules; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lung Diseases; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Peptides; Polymerase Chain Reaction | 2007 |
Deficits of glutamate transmission in the striatum of toxic and genetic models of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Nitro Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Propionates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 2006 |
Modulation of epileptiform activity by glutamine and system A transport in a model of post-traumatic epilepsy.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amino Acid Transport System A; Amino Acid Transport Systems; Animals; beta-Alanine; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats | 2007 |
Electroconvulsive seizure-induced gene expression profile of the hippocampus dentate gyrus granule cell layer.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Differentiation; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Dentate Gyrus; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuropeptide Y; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 2006 |
Vesicular glutamate transporter VGLUT2 expression levels control quantal size and neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Genes, Lethal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuralgia; Pain Measurement; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Presynaptic Terminals; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Thalamus; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 | 2006 |
Glutamate-related gene expression changes with age in the mouse auditory midbrain.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Inferior Colliculi; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred CBA; Neurotoxins; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase; Presbycusis; Proline; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Nrf2 gene deletion fails to alter psychostimulant-induced behavior or neurotoxicity.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System y+; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Nucleus Accumbens; Oxidative Stress; Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional | 2007 |
Blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 activation inhibits mechanical hypersensitivity following abdominal surgery.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Laparotomy; Neurons, Afferent; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pain, Postoperative; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Changes in pain behavior induced by formalin, substance P, glutamate and pro-inflammatory cytokines in immobilization-induced stress mouse model.
Topics: Analgesia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological; Substance P | 2006 |
Pharmacological Induction of Ischemic Tolerance by Glutamate Transporter-1 (EAAT2) Upregulation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Ceftriaxone; Cell Communication; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Anatomic and electrophysiologic evidence for a proconvulsive circuit in the dentate gyrus of reeler mutant mice, an animal model of diffuse cortical malformation.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Coloring Agents; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Nervous System Malformations; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in neonatal hippocampal neurons is mediated by mGluR-induced release of Ca++ from intracellular stores and is prevented by estradiol.
Topics: Animals; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Estradiol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Intracellular Fluid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate | 2006 |
Changes in levels of D1, D2, or NMDA receptors during withdrawal from brief or extended daily access to IV cocaine.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Chemistry; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Schizophrenia: more evidence for less glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cadaver; Disease Models, Animal; ErbB Receptors; Evidence-Based Medicine; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Neuregulin-1; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptor, ErbB-4; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction | 2007 |
NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity contributes to the cerebral hypoxic injury of a rat model of posthypoxic myoclonus.
Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei; Male; Memantine; Myoclonus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
The flavonoid baicalin protects against cerebrovascular dysfunction and brain inflammation in experimental heatstroke.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Catechols; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalitis; Flavonoids; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hydroxybenzoates; Hypothalamus; Intracranial Hypertension; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2007 |
Post-pubertal disruption of medial prefrontal cortical dopamine-glutamate interactions in a developmental animal model of schizophrenia.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Schizophrenia | 2007 |
Altered synaptic input and GABAB receptor function in spinal superficial dorsal horn neurons in rats with diabetic neuropathy.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Diabetic Neuropathies; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Interneurons; Male; Neural Inhibition; Posterior Horn Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Accumbens neurochemical adaptations produced by binge-like alcohol consumption.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Nucleus Accumbens; Reproducibility of Results; Serotonin; Time Factors | 2007 |
A comparison of the glutamate release inhibition and anti-allodynic effects of gabapentin, lamotrigine, and riluzole in a model of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cold Temperature; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Lamotrigine; Male; Microdialysis; Pain; Pain Measurement; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Riluzole; Spinal Cord; Touch; Triazines | 2007 |
Postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor stimulation increases motor activity in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat: implications for treating Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 2007 |
Alterations in prefrontal glutamatergic and noradrenergic systems following MK-801 administration in rats prenatally exposed to methylazoxymethanol at gestational day 17.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methylazoxymethanol Acetate; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Norepinephrine; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 2007 |
Memory performance of hypercholesterolemic mice in response to treatment with soy isoflavones.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Chi-Square Distribution; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, Dietary; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypercholesterolemia; Isoflavones; Male; Memory; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Soybean Proteins; Triglycerides | 2007 |
Cannabinoid receptor antagonists counteract sensorimotor gating deficits in the phencyclidine model of psychosis.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phencyclidine; Piperidines; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Pyrazoles; Rats; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Reflex, Startle; Rimonabant; Schizophrenia; Sensation Disorders; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Hypoglutamatergic activity in the STOP knockout mouse: a potential model for chronic untreated schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neurons; Schizophrenia; Synaptic Vesicles | 2007 |
Synaptic responses in superficial layers of medial entorhinal cortex from rats with kainate-induced epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Interneurons; Isoenzymes; Kainic Acid; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neural Pathways; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Antagonism of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 attenuates l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and its molecular and neurochemical correlates in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Levodopa; Microdialysis; Neural Inhibition; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Neuroprotective potential of ceftriaxone in in vitro models of stroke.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspartic Acid; Ceftriaxone; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Stroke; Time Factors | 2007 |
The neuronal pathology of schizophrenia: molecules and mechanisms.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Neurons; Phencyclidine; Schizophrenia | 2007 |
Delayed treatment with cannabidiol has a cerebroprotective action via a cannabinoid receptor-independent myeloperoxidase-inhibiting mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cannabidiol; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dronabinol; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Perfusion; Peroxidase; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Rimonabant; Tetrazolium Salts; Time Factors | 2007 |
Functional role of mGluR1 and mGluR4 in pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Pilocarpine; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Chronic nicotine administration. Analysis of the development of hypertension and glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Competitive Bidding; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY | 2007 |
Functional role for redox in the epileptogenesis: molecular regulation of glutamate in the hippocampus of FeCl3-induced limbic epilepsy model.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Ferric Compounds; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2007 |
MRI and MRS alterations in the preclinical phase of murine prion disease: association with neuropathological and behavioural changes.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Body Water; Brain; Choline; Creatine; Diffusion; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Gliosis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hyperkinesis; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Prion Diseases | 2007 |
Heterogeneous regional and temporal energetic impairment following controlled cortical impact injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Functional Laterality; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Microdialysis; Mitochondria; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrazolium Salts; Time Factors | 2007 |
Hippocampal gene expression profiling reveals the possible involvement of Homer1 and GABA(B) receptors in scopolamine-induced amnesia.
Topics: Amnesia; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; GABA Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Vectors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, GABA-B; Scopolamine; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Small-world network topology of hippocampal neuronal network is lost, in an in vitro glutamate injury model of epilepsy.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Net; Nonlinear Dynamics; Normal Distribution; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2007 |
Glutamine concentration and immune response of spinal cord-injured rats.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Biomarkers; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Lymphocyte Activation; Macrophages; Male; Metabolism; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Atrophy; Paralysis; Peptide Hydrolases; Predictive Value of Tests; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Spinal Cord Injuries; T-Lymphocytes | 2007 |
Increased dietary salt enhances sympathoexcitatory and sympathoinhibitory responses from the rostral ventrolateral medulla.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Neural Inhibition; Probability; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2007 |
The potential role of glutamate transporters in the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression Regulation; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Optic Nerve Diseases; Oxidative Stress; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Vision, Ocular | 2007 |
Basal ganglia neurotransmitter concentrations in rhesus monkeys following subchronic manganese sulfate inhalation.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Inhalation; Macaca mulatta; Manganese Compounds; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Serotonin; Sulfates | 2007 |
Resuscitation from experimental traumatic brain injury by agmatine therapy.
Topics: Agmatine; Animals; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Resuscitation; Time Factors | 2007 |
Cerebral microvascular dilation during hypotension and decreased oxygen tension: a role for nNOS.
Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Endothelium, Vascular; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Hemorrhage; Hypotension; Male; Microelectrodes; Neurons; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Nitro Compounds; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vasodilation | 2007 |
Effects of wild-type and mutant human amyloid precursor protein on cortical afferent network.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Afferent Pathways; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Basal Nucleus of Meynert; Biomarkers; Biotin; Cerebral Cortex; Cholinergic Fibers; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Enzymes; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Net; Norepinephrine; Presynaptic Terminals; Pyramidal Cells; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Neuronal and glial cell changes are determined by retinal vascularization in retinopathy of prematurity.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Hyperoxia; Immunohistochemistry; Infant, Newborn; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Neuroglia; Neurons; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retina; Retinal Vessels; Retinopathy of Prematurity | 2007 |
Mice lacking the AMPA GluR1 receptor exhibit striatal hyperdopaminergia and 'schizophrenia-related' behaviors.
Topics: Acclimatization; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Crosses, Genetic; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperkinesis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Receptors, AMPA; Schizophrenia; Social Behavior | 2008 |
Restoration of thiamine status with white or whole wheat bread in a thiamine-depleted rat model.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Bread; Cerebellum; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Kidney; Lactic Acid; Liver; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thiamine; Thiamine Deficiency; Thiamine Pyrophosphate; Triticum | 2007 |
Repair of glutamate-induced excitotoxic neuronal damage mediated by intracerebroventricular transplantation of neural stem cells in adult mice.
Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraventricular; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nestin; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stem Cells; Time Factors | 2007 |
Association of reduced extracellular brain ammonia, lactate, and intracranial pressure in pigs with acute liver failure.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Liver Failure, Acute; Sorption Detoxification; Swine | 2007 |
Elevated spectroscopic glutamate/gamma-amino butyric acid in rats bred for learned helplessness.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Helplessness, Learned; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 2007 |
Abnormal glutamate homeostasis and impaired synaptic plasticity and learning in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Learning Disabilities; Long-Term Potentiation; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neocortex; Nerve Degeneration; Neuronal Plasticity; Organ Culture Techniques; Synaptic Transmission; Tuberous Sclerosis; Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein; Tumor Suppressor Proteins | 2007 |
Brain metabolism during a decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure caused by an elevated intracranial pressure in the porcine neocortex.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neocortex; Pyruvic Acid; Sus scrofa; Time Factors | 2007 |
Behavioral and electrophysiological effects of the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH 58261 in R6/2 Huntington's disease mice.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Learning Disabilities; Maze Learning; Mental Disorders; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyrimidines; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Triazoles | 2007 |
Contribution of cystine-glutamate antiporters to the psychotomimetic effects of phencyclidine.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Maze Learning; Microdialysis; Phencyclidine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia; Xanthenes | 2008 |
D-serine is a key determinant of glutamate toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Induction; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Middle Aged; Motor Neurons; Mutation; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Racemases and Epimerases; Serine; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Decreased pain response in mice following cortex-specific knockout of the N-methyl-D-aspartate NR1 subunit.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sex Characteristics; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Efficacy of diphenyl diselenide against cerebral and pulmonary damage induced by cadmium in mice.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Benzene Derivatives; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cadmium Chloride; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Mice; Organoselenium Compounds; Oxidative Stress; Porphobilinogen Synthase; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxide Dismutase | 2007 |
A synthetic kainoid, (2S,3R,4R)-3-carboxymethyl-4-(phenylthio)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (PSPA-1) serves as a novel anti-allodynic agent for neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Immunohistochemistry; Inflammation; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mononeuropathies; N-Methylaspartate; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nociceptors; Pain; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2007 |
Role of IFN-gamma in an experimental murine model of West Nile virus-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Chlorocebus aethiops; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-6; Limbic Encephalitis; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neural Pathways; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Synaptic Transmission; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vero Cells; West Nile Fever | 2007 |
Enantio-selective effects of clenbuterol in cultured neurons and astrocytes, and in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Astrocytes; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Clenbuterol; Disease Models, Animal; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors | 2007 |
Nyctalopin expression in retinal bipolar cells restores visual function in a mouse model of complete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adaptation, Ocular; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Animals; Calbindins; Co-Repressor Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Electroretinography; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Luminescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Night Blindness; Phosphoproteins; Proteoglycans; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Retina; Retinal Bipolar Cells; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; X Chromosome | 2007 |
Delayed post-ischemic administration of CDP-choline increases EAAT2 association to lipid rafts and affords neuroprotection in experimental stroke.
Topics: Animals; Cell Fractionation; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Membrane Microdomains; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Time Factors | 2008 |
A role for conditioned ventral tegmental glutamate release in cocaine seeking.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reinforcement, Psychology; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2007 |
The neuroprotective potential of phase II enzyme inducer on motor neuron survival in traumatic spinal cord injury in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Induction; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Hydroquinones; Mitochondria; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Thiones | 2008 |
Mechanism of age-dependent susceptibility and novel treatment strategy in glutaric acidemia type I.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn; Child; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutarates; Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; Homoarginine; Humans; Lysine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mitochondria; Neurons; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Tryptophan | 2007 |
Simultaneous glutamate and EEG activity measurements during seizures in rat hippocampal region with the use of an electrochemical biosensor.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biosensing Techniques; Disease Models, Animal; Electrochemistry; Electroencephalography; Entorhinal Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 2008 |
Glial cell-derived glutamate mediates autocrine cell volume regulation in the retina: activation by VEGF.
Topics: Animals; Cell Size; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Purinergic; Reperfusion Injury; Retina; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; Water | 2008 |
Diazoxide is protective in the rat retina against ischemic injury induced by bilateral carotid occlusion and glutamate-induced degeneration.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Diazoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; Myocardial Ischemia; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Retinal Diseases | 2007 |
NR1 and GluR2 expression mediates excitotoxicity in chronic hypobaric hypoxia.
Topics: Altitude Sickness; Animals; Atmospheric Pressure; Chromatin; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Maze Learning; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Altered pre-pulse inhibition in adult rats treated neonatally with domoic acid.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Rats; Reflex, Acoustic; Reflex, Startle; Schizophrenia; Sex Factors; Time Factors | 2008 |
[Effects of 90-day oral dimethoate exposure on glutamatergic system and neurobehavioral performance in rats].
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Chronic Disease; Dimethoate; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Insecticides; Learning; Male; Memory; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Toxicity Tests, Subchronic | 2007 |
Reduced activity of cortico-striatal fibres in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
Age-related decrease in stimulated glutamate release and vesicular glutamate transporters in APP/PS1 transgenic and wild-type mice.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Plaque, Amyloid; Presenilin-1; Synaptic Transmission; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 | 2008 |
Brainstem amino acid neurotransmitters and ventilatory response to hypoxia in piglets.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart Rate; Hypoxia; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen; Pulmonary Ventilation; Respiratory Center; Respiratory Mechanics; Solitary Nucleus; Swine; Taurine; Tidal Volume; Time Factors | 2008 |
Alpha1-adrenergic receptor-induced heterosynaptic long-term depression in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis is disrupted in mouse models of affective disorders.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mood Disorders; Neural Pathways; Norepinephrine; Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; Receptors, Glutamate; Septal Nuclei; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Seizure activity and changes in hippocampal extracellular glutamate, GABA, dopamine and serotonin.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chromatography, Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Fluid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Microdialysis; Picrotoxin; Pilocarpine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Serotonin; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2008 |
Cerebral blood flow autoregulation in experimental liver failure.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Homeostasis; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Liver Failure, Acute; Male; Models, Cardiovascular; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Water | 2008 |
The activation of MEK-ERK1/2 by glutamate receptor-stimulation is involved in the regulation of RPE proliferation and morphologic transformation.
Topics: Actins; Animals; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Cytoskeleton; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Microscopy, Confocal; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Glutamate; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative | 2008 |
Downregulation of glutamate transporters is associated with elevation in extracellular glutamate concentration following rat microsphere embolism.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Extracellular Fluid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Embolism; Male; Microdialysis; Microspheres; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Decreased glutamate receptor binding and NMDA R1 gene expression in hippocampus of pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats: neuroprotective role of Bacopa monnieri extract.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bacopa; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Maze Learning; Phytotherapy; Pilocarpine; Plant Preparations; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2008 |
The differential effects of emotional or physical stress on pain behaviors or on c-Fos immunoreactivity in paraventricular nucleus or arcuate nucleus.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Spinal; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-1beta; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Pain; Pain Threshold; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stress, Psychological; Substance P; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Metabolic changes detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in vivo and in vitro in a murin model of Parkinson's disease, the MPTP-intoxicated mouse.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; In Vitro Techniques; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Pathways; Neurochemistry; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protons; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Dimemorfan protects rats against ischemic stroke through activation of sigma-1 receptor-mediated mechanisms by decreasing glutamate accumulation.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Chemokine CCL2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Morphinans; Morpholines; NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Peroxidase; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, sigma; Reperfusion Injury; Sigma-1 Receptor; Signal Transduction; STAT1 Transcription Factor | 2008 |
Neuroprotection and glutamate attenuation by acetylsalicylic acid in temporary but not in permanent cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspirin; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-6; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Peroxidase; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2008 |
Genetic supplementation of RDS alleviates a loss-of-function phenotype in C214S model of retinitis pigmentosa.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroretinography; Glutamic Acid; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Peripherins; Phenotype; Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells; Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells; Retinitis Pigmentosa | 2008 |
DCPIB, a specific inhibitor of volume regulated anion channels (VRACs), reduces infarct size in MCAo and the release of glutamate in the ischemic cortical penumbra.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Infarction; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cyclopentanes; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Routes; Fluorenes; Glutamic Acid; Indans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics, Nonparametric; Tetrazolium Salts | 2008 |
Anti-apoptotic therapy with a Tat fusion protein protects against excitotoxic insults in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-X Protein; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Gene Products, tat; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins | 2008 |
Chronic but not acute treatment with caffeine attenuates traumatic brain injury in the mouse cortical impact model.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Indoles; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Receptors, Adenosine A2; Time Factors | 2008 |
Sensorineural deafness and seizures in mice lacking vesicular glutamate transporter 3.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hair Cells, Auditory; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Reflex, Startle; Seizures; Spiral Ganglion | 2008 |
Anterior cingulate cortex modulates visceral pain as measured by visceromotor responses in viscerally hypersensitive rats.
Topics: Albumins; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Hypersensitivity; Male; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Pain; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Viscera | 2008 |
Neuroprotective effect caused by MPEP, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5, on seizures induced by pilocarpine in 21-day-old rats.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Convulsants; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Muscarinic Agonists; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Pilocarpine; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Glutamate-mediated neuroplasticity in an animal model of self-injurious behaviour.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Monoamines; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memantine; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pemoline; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Self-Injurious Behavior | 2008 |
Inhibited glutamate release by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor after experimental stroke.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2008 |
Upregulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 mRNA expression in the rat forebrain after repeated amphetamine administration.
Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Hybridization; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Metabonomic analysis identifies molecular changes associated with the pathophysiology and drug treatment of bipolar disorder.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antimanic Agents; Aspartic Acid; Bipolar Disorder; Case-Control Studies; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Inositol; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Matched-Pair Analysis; Metabolomics; Middle Aged; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reference Values | 2009 |
Role for NMDA receptors in visceral nociceptive transmission in the anterior cingulate cortex of viscerally hypersensitive rats.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Colonic Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Egg Hypersensitivity; Egg Proteins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Male; Microdialysis; Neuronal Plasticity; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Olanzapine and risperidone block a high dose of methamphetamine-induced schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities and accompanied apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Apoptosis; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Methamphetamine; Motor Activity; Neural Inhibition; Neuroprotective Agents; Olanzapine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Risperidone; Schizophrenia; Time Factors | 2008 |
Extracellular hypothalamic gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamic acid concentrations in response to bicuculline in a genetic absence epilepsy rat model.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Blood Pressure; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypothalamus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2008 |
Altered presymptomatic AMPA and cannabinoid receptor trafficking in motor neurons of ALS model mice: implications for excitotoxicity.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Inhibition; Neurotoxins; Protein Transport; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, AMPA; Spinal Cord; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Impaired muscarinic regulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Blotting, Western; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Physostigmine; Presenilin-1; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Nicotinic; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Glutamate-stimulated release of norepinephrine in hippocampal slices of animal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (spontaneously hypertensive rat) and depression/anxiety-like behaviours (Wistar-Kyoto rat).
Topics: Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Endocytosis; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Norepinephrine; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Rats, Long-Evans; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Species Specificity; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Metabolic markers of neuronal injury correlate with SIV CNS disease severity and inoculum in the macaque model of neuroAIDS.
Topics: AIDS Dementia Complex; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Inositol; Linear Models; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Severity of Illness Index; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus | 2008 |
Identification of small molecules rescuing fragile X syndrome phenotypes in Drosophila.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drosophila; Drosophila Proteins; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein; Fragile X Syndrome; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Molecular Weight; Mutation; Phenotype; Pyridines; RNA, Messenger; Small Molecule Libraries | 2008 |
Reversal of axonal loss and disability in a mouse model of progressive multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Axons; B-Lymphocytes; CD11b Antigen; Chemokine CCL2; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Fullerenes; Glutamic Acid; Memory; Mice; Molecular Structure; Multiple Sclerosis; Oxidative Stress; T-Lymphocytes | 2008 |
Up-regulation of GLT1 expression increases glutamate uptake and attenuates the Huntington's disease phenotype in the R6/2 mouse.
Topics: Animals; Ceftriaxone; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Phenotype; Synaptic Transmission; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Neuroprotective effect of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with low priming volume: study in a rabbit model.
Topics: Animals; Blood Volume; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Electron; Pyruvic Acid; Rabbits; Treatment Outcome | 2008 |
Behavioral characterization of GLT1 (+/-) mice as a model of mild glutamatergic hyperfunction.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Size; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurotoxins; Reflex | 2008 |
Lovastatin induces neuroprotection through tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 signaling pathways.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lovastatin; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; Signal Transduction; Stroke; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2008 |
Glial alterations in the hippocampus of rats submitted to ibotenic-induced lesion of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Avoidance Learning; Basal Nucleus of Meynert; Brain Damage, Chronic; Cell Count; Cholinergic Fibers; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Follow-Up Studies; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Hippocampus; Ibotenic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2008 |
[Different effects of adenosine A2A receptors in the models of traumatic brain injury and peripheral tissue injury].
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Phenethylamines; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Wound Healing | 2008 |
Alterations in nigral NMDA and GABAA receptor control of the striatal dopamine level after repetitive exposures to nitrogen narcosis.
Topics: Air Pressure; Animals; Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Administration Schedule; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Inert Gas Narcosis; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Nitrogen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
The glutamatergic projection from the prefrontal cortex to the nucleus accumbens core is required for cocaine-induced decreases in ventral pallidal GABA.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Fluid; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
STAT3 activation protects retinal ganglion cell layer neurons in response to stress.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reperfusion Injury; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Retinal Vessels; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Stress, Physiological | 2008 |
[Changes of amino acids neurotransmitters in striatum of hemi-parkinsonian rhesus monkey after high frequency stimulation of subthalamic nucleus].
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Amino Acids; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Deep Brain Stimulation; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Microdialysis; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Subthalamic Nucleus; Taurine | 2007 |
AMPA receptor subunit 1 (GluR-A) knockout mice model the glutamate hypothesis of depression.
Topics: Animals; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Helplessness, Learned; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Norepinephrine; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin | 2008 |
Effect of nitrous oxide on neuronal damage and extracellular glutamate concentration as a function of mild, moderate, or severe ischemia in halothane-anesthetized gerbils.
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Matrix; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Nitrogen; Nitrous Oxide; Random Allocation; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors | 2008 |
Full length mutant huntingtin is required for altered Ca2+ signaling and apoptosis of striatal neurons in the YAC mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium Signaling; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutant Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2008 |
Neurotransmitter chemistry in feline GM1 gangliosidosis: a model for human ganglioside storage disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cats; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Lobe; G(M1) Ganglioside; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gangliosidoses; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Occipital Lobe; Synaptosomes | 1982 |
The release and neosynthesis of glutamic acid are increased in experimental models of hepatic encephalopathy.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1983 |
Evidence for a role of neurotransmitters in the mechanism of topical convulsant models.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Seizures; Taurine | 1984 |
[The enzymes of glutamate and organic phosphate metabolism in the saliva in fluorosis (clinical and experimental research)].
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorosis, Dental; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Organophosphates; Rats; Saliva; Spectrophotometry | 1995 |
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxic death of cultured striatal neurons is mediated by non-NMDA receptors.
Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Pregnancy; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1995 |
Histamine-mediated neuronal death in a rat model of Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Histamine; Histamine Release; Male; Methylhistidines; Microdialysis; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Pyrithiamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Thalamus; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy | 1994 |
Aminoacid recovery via microdialysis and photoinduced focal cerebral ischemia in brain cortex of rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photochemistry; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reproducibility of Results; Rose Bengal; Taurine | 1995 |
Hippocampal GABA transporter function in temporal-lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Membrane Proteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Microdialysis; Neuroglia; Neurons; Organic Anion Transporters; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
Effect of inhibiting NO synthesis on hippocampal extracellular glutamate concentration in seizures induced by kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Blood Glucose; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 1995 |
Profound systemic hypothermia inhibits the release of neurotransmitter amino acids in spinal cord ischemia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothermia, Induced; Ischemia; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Spinal Cord; Swine; Thoracotomy | 1995 |
In vivo studies of extracellular metabolites in the striatum after distal middle cerebral artery occlusion in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Topics: Animals; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Cerebral Arterial Diseases; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR | 1995 |
A possible role for phospholipases in the release of neurotransmitter amino acids from ischemic rat cerebral cortex.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Phospholipases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1995 |
BW1003C87 and NBQX but not CGS19755 reduce glutamate release and cerebral ischemic necrosis.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Necrosis; Neurons; Observer Variation; Pipecolic Acids; Prosencephalon; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Reperfusion Injury | 1994 |
Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic lamotrigine in a gerbil model of global cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery Diseases; Cell Death; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lamotrigine; Male; Memory; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Reperfusion Injury; Triazines | 1995 |
Effect of experimental Escherichia coli meningitis on concentrations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the rabbit brain: in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Escherichia coli Infections; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Meningitis, Bacterial; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rabbits; Taurine | 1993 |
Enhanced gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated responses in nucleus tractus solitarius of hypertensive rats.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Aminocaproates; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Desoxycorticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nipecotic Acids; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pressoreceptors; Proline; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, GABA-B; Sodium Chloride; Solitary Nucleus; Vigabatrin | 1993 |
Contrasting effects of adenosine A1 and A2 receptor ligands in different chemoconvulsive rodent models.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Seizures; Theobromine; Xanthines | 1993 |
Spinal cord amino acid release and content in an arthritis model: the effects of pretreatment with non-NMDA, NMDA, and NK1 receptor antagonists.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Amino Acids; Animals; Arthritis; Biphenyl Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Lidocaine; Male; Microdialysis; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Reduced, positive nitrogen balance and elevated plasma free fatty acid concentration in growing, glutamate-induced obese rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nitrogen; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
Roles of dopamine and its receptors in generation of choreic movements.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Chorea; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Levodopa; Macaca; Neurons; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Spiperone; Substantia Nigra; Synapses; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1993 |
An animal model for coexisting tardive dyskinesia and tardive parkinsonism: a glutamate hypothesis for tardive dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cebus; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Parkinson Disease | 1993 |
Postprandial thermogenesis of rats with glutamate induced obesity in relation to energy intake.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature Regulation; Calorimetry, Indirect; Disease Models, Animal; Eating; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Obesity; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1993 |
Amino acids in cerebrospinal and brain interstitial fluid in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Meningitis, Pneumococcal; Rabbits | 1993 |
[The role of monoamin- and acidergic mechanisms of the hippocampus in anxiety states of different origins and their participation in the antiaversive effects of anxiolytics].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Chlordiazepoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Serotonin | 1993 |
Short therapeutic window for MK-801 in transient focal cerebral ischemia in normotensive rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion | 1996 |
Excitatory amino acid antagonists and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures during ontogenesis: III. The action of kynurenic acid and glutamic acid diethylester.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures | 1995 |
Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of humans and monkeys with glaucoma.
Topics: Aged; Amino Acids; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glaucoma; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Prospective Studies; Rats; Retrospective Studies; Vitrectomy; Vitreous Body | 1996 |
A comparison of the effects of a sodium channel blocker and an NMDA antagonist upon extracellular glutamate in rat focal cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Time Factors | 1995 |
A use-dependent sodium channel antagonist, 619C89, in reduction of ischemic brain damage and glutamate release after acute subdural hematoma in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural; Male; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Threonine | 1996 |
Glucose metabolism distal to a critical coronary stenosis in a canine model of low-flow myocardial ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Endocardium; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen; Glycolysis; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Pericardium; Regional Blood Flow | 1996 |
The selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL 100,907 counteracts the psychomotor stimulation ensuing manipulations with monoaminergic, glutamatergic or muscarinic neurotransmission in the mouse--implications for psychosis.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Monoamines; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fluorobenzenes; Glutamic Acid; Hallucinogens; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurotransmitter Agents; Piperazines; Piperidines; Psychomotor Performance; Psychotic Disorders; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; Receptors, Muscarinic; Receptors, Serotonin; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists | 1995 |
Development of the glutamate, GABA, and dopamine systems in relation to NRH-induced neurotoxicity.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Gyrus Cinguli; Limbic System; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenia | 1995 |
Dexmedetomidine does not attenuate increases in excitatory amino acids after transient global ischemia in the rabbit.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Medetomidine; Rabbits | 1996 |
Dietary glutamine supplementation prevents jejunal atrophy in weaned pigs.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Atrophy; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Duodenum; Epithelium; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Intestinal Diseases; Jejunum; Male; Stomach; Swine; Swine Diseases; Taurine; Weaning | 1996 |
Involvement of nigral glutamatergic inputs in the control of seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsy, Absence; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Nigra | 1996 |
The immunosuppressant FK506 ameliorates ischaemic damage in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tacrolimus | 1996 |
NG-nitro-L-arginine differentially affects glutamate- or kainate-induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nitroarginine; Seizures | 1996 |
Effect of glutamate-aspartate reperfusion on postischemic neonatal myocardium.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Cardioplegic Solutions; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart; Hemodynamics; Models, Cardiovascular; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Rabbits; Tromethamine | 1997 |
Impaired Ca-signaling in astrocytes from the Ts16 mouse model of Down syndrome.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Serotonin; Signal Transduction; Trisomy | 1997 |
Evidence for increased cellular uptake of glutamate and aspartate in the rat hippocampus during kainic acid seizures. A microdialysis study using the "indicator diffusion' method.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures | 1997 |
Memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist improves hyperammonemia-induced encephalopathy and acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Body Water; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Intracranial Pressure; Ischemia; Liver; Male; Memantine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1997 |
Neuronal and glial handling of glutamate and glutamine during hypoosmotic stress: a biochemical and quantitative immunocytochemical analysis using the rat cerebellum as a model.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Neuroglia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological | 1996 |
Strain differences in pentylenetetrazol-kindling development and subsequent potentiation effects.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1997 |
Prodystonic effects of riluzole in an animal model of idiopathic dystonia related to decreased total power in the red nucleus?
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Lamotrigine; Neuroprotective Agents; Riluzole; Triazines | 1997 |
Compensatory effects of glutamatergic inputs to the substantia nigra pars compacta in experimental parkinsonism.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Kynurenic Acid; Macaca; Parkinson Disease; Substantia Nigra | 1997 |
Zonisamide as a neuroprotective agent in an adult gerbil model of global forebrain ischemia: a histological, in vivo microdialysis and behavioral study.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Isoxazoles; Male; Maze Learning; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Prosencephalon; Silver Staining; Zonisamide | 1997 |
[Glutamate neurotoxicity during spinal cord ischemia--development of a delayed-onset paraplegia model].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Neurons; Paraplegia; Rabbits; Spinal Cord | 1997 |
Up-regulation of neuropeptide Y-Y2 receptors in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competitive; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Hybridization; Iodine Radioisotopes; Kainic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Peptide Fragments; Peptide YY; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 1998 |
Modulation of AMPA receptor subunits GluR1 and GluR2/3 in the rat cerebellum in an experimental hepatic encephalopathy model.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Neuroglia; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA | 1997 |
Memantine is neuroprotective in a rat model of pressure-induced retinal ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Intraocular Pressure; Ischemia; Male; Memantine; N-Methylaspartate; Ocular Hypertension; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Retinal Vessels; Vitreous Body | 1998 |
Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor on a hyperglycemic rat model of reversible focal ischemia: detection of excitatory amino acids release and hydroxyl radical formation.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Citrulline; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxyl Radical; Hyperglycemia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1998 |
Changes in brain organic osmolytes in experimental cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Methylamines; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine | 1998 |
The pattern of neurotransmitter alterations in LP-BM5 infected mice is consistent with glutamatergic hyperactivation.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Leukemia Virus, Murine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurotransmitter Agents; Retroviridae Infections; Tumor Virus Infections | 1998 |
Real-time measurement of ischemia-evoked glutamate release in the cerebral cortex of four and eleven vessel rat occlusion models.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors | 1998 |
Dexamethasone augments ischemia-induced extracellular accumulation of glutamate in gerbil hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Dexamethasone; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Prosencephalon | 1998 |
Altered mitochondrial function in canine ceroid-lipofuscinosis.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Glutamic Acid; Malates; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria, Liver; Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses; Oxygen Consumption; Succinic Acid | 1998 |
Characteristics of neurons with high-frequency discharge in the central nervous system and their relationship to chronic pain. Experimental and clinical investigations.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Chronic Disease; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Functional Laterality; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iontophoresis; Microelectrodes; Neural Conduction; Neurons; Nicardipine; Pain; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Stereotaxic Techniques; Thalamic Nuclei | 1997 |
Neurotoxic effects of feline immunodeficiency virus, FIV-PPR.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Animals; Baculoviridae; Brain Chemistry; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cats; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Female; Gene Products, env; Glutamic Acid; Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Pregnancy; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 1998 |
Reversal of phencyclidine effects by a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist in rats.
Topics: Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Phencyclidine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Schizophrenia; Stereotyped Behavior; Synaptic Transmission | 1998 |
Altered Ca2+ signaling and mitochondrial deficiencies in hippocampal neurons of trisomy 16 mice: a model of Down's syndrome.
Topics: Aging; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Calcium; Carcinogens; Cell Death; Cyclosporine; Diploidy; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Karyotyping; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Mitochondria; NADP; Neurons; Potassium; Quinoxalines; Signal Transduction; Trisomy; Vitamin E | 1998 |
Tirilazad widens the therapeutic window for riluzole-induced attenuation of progressive cortical degeneration in an infant rat model of the shaken baby syndrome.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Battered Child Syndrome; Body Temperature; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Head Injuries, Closed; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Pregnatrienes; Pyrimidines; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Riluzole; Time Factors | 1998 |
Traumatic brain injury alters synaptic homeostasis: implications for impaired mitochondrial and transport function.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mitochondria; Nerve Degeneration; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapses; Synaptosomes; Time Factors | 1998 |
Effects of brain temperature on CBF thresholds for extracellular glutamate release and reuptake in the striatum in a rat model of graded global ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Fever; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Male; Microdialysis; Microelectrodes; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1998 |
Neuroprotective effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist, Bay X 3702, demonstrated in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Benzopyrans; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Long-Evans; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Thiazoles | 1998 |
Electrophysiology of the neuroprotective agent riluzole on striatal spiny neurons.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riluzole | 1998 |
[Acidosis and neuroprotection in two types of acidosis model rats under isoflurane anesthesia: evaluation of blood flow, pH and amino acid levels in the cortex].
Topics: Acidosis; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isoflurane; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow | 1998 |
Effects of mild (33 degrees C) and moderate (29 degrees C) hypothermia on cerebral blood flow and metabolism, lactate, and extracellular glutamate in experimental head injury.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Carbon Dioxide; Catheterization; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Craniocerebral Trauma; Disease Models, Animal; Evans Blue; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lactates; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption | 1998 |
[Prenatal inhibition of intestinal vasoactive peptide and cerebral excitatory lesions in the newborn mouse].
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Palsy; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ibotenic Acid; Infant, Newborn; Leukomalacia, Periventricular; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neuroprotective Agents; Pregnancy; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 1999 |
Cellular mechanisms underlying spontaneous interictal spikes in an acute model of focal cortical epileptogenesis.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Acute Disease; Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsies, Partial; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Membrane Potentials; Reaction Time; Synaptic Transmission | 1999 |
Brain neurotransmitter deficits in mice transgenic for the Huntington's disease mutation.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Norepinephrine; Nuclear Proteins; Serotonin; Trinucleotide Repeats | 1999 |
Brain temperature modifies glutamate neurotoxicity in vivo.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Injuries; Carbon Radioisotopes; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Hyperthermia, Induced; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sucrose; Time Factors | 1999 |
Evidence for the involvement of the pallidum in the modulation of seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Globus Pallidus; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neural Inhibition; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Substantia Nigra; Thalamic Nuclei | 1999 |
Improved high altitude hypoxic tolerance and amelioration of anorexia and hypophagia in rats on oral glutamate supplementation.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Altitude Sickness; Animals; Anorexia; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Feeding Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Respiration; Tissue Distribution | 1999 |
Anticonvulsant properties of linalool in glutamate-related seizure models.
Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Monoterpenes; N-Methylaspartate; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenobarbital; Quinolinic Acid; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Terpenes | 1999 |
Behavioral effects of cocaine on a transgenic mouse model of cortical-limbic compulsion.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cholera Toxin; Cocaine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Female; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Limbic System; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Transgenic; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Stereotyped Behavior; Transgenes | 1999 |
Influence of rewarming conditions after hypothermia in gerbils with transient forebrain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Hypothermia, Induced; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lactic Acid; Male; Rewarming | 1999 |
Retinal ganglion cell dysfunction induced by hypoxia and glutamate: potential neuroprotective effects of beta-blockers.
Topics: Action Potentials; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Ambystoma; Animals; Betaxolol; Calcium Channels; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Photic Stimulation; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Sodium Channels; Timolol | 1999 |
Hypothermia ameliorates ischemic brain damage and suppresses the release of extracellular amino acids in both normo- and hyperglycemic subjects.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperglycemia; Hypothermia; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors | 1999 |
Limiting the proliferation and reactivity of retinal Müller cells during experimental retinal detachment: the value of oxygen supplementation.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Nuclear; Biomarkers; Cats; Cell Cycle; Cell Division; Disease Models, Animal; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hypertrophy; Hypoxia; Ki-67 Antigen; Neuroglia; Nuclear Proteins; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Receptors, AMPA; Retinal Detachment; Treatment Outcome; Tubulin | 1999 |
Does hyperoxygenation limit retinal degeneration after retinal detachment?
Topics: Animals; Cell Death; Cell Division; Disease Models, Animal; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Glutamate Synthase; Glutamic Acid; Neuroglia; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate; Retinal Degeneration; Retinal Detachment | 1999 |
Mice with reduced NMDA receptor expression display behaviors related to schizophrenia.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Antisocial Personality Disorder; Behavior, Animal; Calcium Signaling; Clozapine; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Phencyclidine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Schizophrenic Psychology; Serotonin Antagonists; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Social Behavior; Stereotyped Behavior | 1999 |
The role of glutamine in skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat hind limb model.
Topics: Animals; Creatine Kinase; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glutathione; Hindlimb; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ischemia; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Neutrophils; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Protective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reperfusion Injury; Single-Blind Method; Time Factors | 1999 |
Potentiation of excitotoxicity in transgenic mice overexpressing neuronal cyclooxygenase-2.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Cells, Cultured; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immediate-Early Proteins; Isoenzymes; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Organ Specificity; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Transcription Factors | 1999 |
Antinociception produced by systemic, spinal and supraspinal administration of amiloride in mice.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Amiloride; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Diuretics; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Formaldehyde; Glutamic Acid; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mice; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pain Measurement; Postural Balance | 1999 |
Selective inhibition of NAALADase, which converts NAAG to glutamate, reduces ischemic brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carboxypeptidases; Culture Techniques; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke | 1999 |
Glutamate enhances phosphorylation of neurofilaments in cerebellar granule cell culture.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Culture Techniques; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1999 |
Glutamate excitotoxicity in a model of multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocyte Activation; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; T-Lymphocytes | 2000 |
Glial glutamate transporter mRNAs in the genetically absence epilepsy rat from Strasbourg.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuroglia; Oligonucleotide Probes; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Rats, Wistar; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Seizures; Subthalamic Nucleus; Transcription, Genetic; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2000 |
Effect of aluminium-induced Alzheimer like condition on oxidative energy metabolism in rat liver, brain and heart mitochondria.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Aging; Aluminum Chloride; Aluminum Compounds; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Fluidity; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondria, Liver; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Rats | 1999 |
Cerebral oligaemia episode triggers free radical formation and late cognitive deficiencies.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Carotid Stenosis; Cognition Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Escape Reaction; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homovanillic Acid; Hydroxybenzoates; Hydroxyl Radical; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Learning Disabilities; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Microdialysis; Oxidative Stress; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Reperfusion Injury; Spatial Behavior; Swimming; Time Factors | 2000 |
Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of an in vivo model of optic nerve ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelin-1; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Optic Nerve; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic; Rabbits; Vitreous Body | 2000 |
Quantitative evaluation of extracellular glutamate concentration in postischemic glutamate re-uptake, dependent on brain temperature, in the rat following severe global brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regional Blood Flow; Reperfusion Injury | 2000 |
Temporal progression of kainic acid induced neuronal and myelin degeneration in the rat forebrain.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Coloring Agents; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Kainic Acid; Myelin Sheath; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Olfactory Pathways; Parietal Lobe; Phosphates; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Status Epilepticus; Thalamus; Time Factors | 2000 |
Microdialysis of the spinal cord during thoracic aortic cross-clamping in a porcine model.
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Pilot Projects; Pyruvic Acid; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Diseases; Surgical Instruments; Swine | 2000 |
Hyperglycemia and extracellular glutamate in the ischemic brain.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hippocampus; Hyperglycemia; Ion Transport; Prosencephalon; Rats; Time Factors | 2000 |
3-Nitropropionic acid neurotoxicity in organotypic striatal and corticostriatal slice cultures is dependent on glucose and glutamate.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Mitochondria; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Rats; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Tetrodotoxin | 2000 |
Fractalkine cleavage from neuronal membranes represents an acute event in the inflammatory response to excitotoxic brain damage.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Chemokine CX3CL1; Chemokines, CX3C; Chemotaxis; Culture Media, Conditioned; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalitis; Endothelium, Vascular; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Interleukin-1; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Membrane Proteins; Microglia; Monocytes; Neurons; Phenylalanine; Protease Inhibitors; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Thiophenes; Transfection; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2000 |
Glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens mediates relapse in cocaine addiction.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recurrence; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission | 2000 |
In vivo electrical activity of brainstem neurons in fetal rats during asphyxia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Age Factors; Animals; Asphyxia; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Oxygen; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2000 |
Glycine(B) receptor antagonists and partial agonists prevent memory deficits in inhibitory avoidance learning.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Inhibition, Psychological; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Muscarinic Antagonists; Pyrrolidinones; Receptors, Glycine; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retention, Psychology; Scopolamine | 2000 |
Decreased cortical levels of astrocytic glutamate transport protein GLT-1 in a rat model of posttraumatic epilepsy.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Ferrous Compounds; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tubulin | 2000 |
beta-amyloid neurotoxicity is mediated by a glutamate-triggered excitotoxic cascade in rat nucleus basalis.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Basal Nucleus of Meynert; Calcium; Calcium Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Taurine | 2000 |
Two distinct components of initial glutamate release synchronized with anoxic depolarization in rat global brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY | 2000 |
Effect of oxidative stress on the uptake of GABA and glutamate in synaptosomes isolated from diabetic rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Glucose; Body Weight; Brain; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycated Hemoglobin; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tritium | 2000 |
Kindled seizure-evoked somatostatin release in the hippocampus: inhibition by MK-801.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Seizures; Somatostatin | 2000 |
NOC/oFQ contributes to age-dependent impairment of NMDA-induced cerebrovasodilation after brain injury.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Arterioles; Blood Pressure; Brain Injuries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptin; Nociceptin Receptor; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Pia Mater; Receptors, Opioid; Swine; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation; Wounds, Nonpenetrating | 2000 |
A quantitative evaluation of the permeability of the blood brain barrier of portacaval shunted rats.
Topics: Acetates; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Male; Mannitol; Permeability; Phenylalanine; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tritium | 2000 |
Presenilin-1 P264L knock-in mutation: differential effects on abeta production, amyloid deposition, and neuronal vulnerability.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Substitution; Amyloid; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Apoptosis; Calpain; Caspases; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Targeting; Glutamic Acid; Homozygote; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Peptide Fragments; Presenilin-1; Staurosporine | 2000 |
Exaggerated MK-801-induced motor hyperactivity in rats with the neonatal lesion of the ventral hippocampus.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Locomotion; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Schizophrenia | 2000 |
Neurochemical changes and laser Doppler flowmetry in the endothelin-1 rat model for focal cerebral ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelin-1; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Cerebral Artery; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2000 |
Inhibition of evoked glutamate release by the neuroprotective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist BAY x 3702 in vitro and in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzopyrans; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Synaptic Transmission; Thiazoles | 2001 |
Effects of dopamine on posttraumatic cerebral blood flow, brain edema, and cerebrospinal fluid glutamate and hypoxanthine concentrations.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Gas Analysis; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Cardiotonic Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxanthine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2000 |
In vitro 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopic evidence of multiple aberrant biochemical pathways in murine trisomy 16 brain development.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain Chemistry; Choline; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Phosphorus Isotopes; Protons; Taurine; Threonine | 2000 |
Real-time measurement of glutamate release from the ischemic penumbra of the rat cerebral cortex using a focal middle cerebral artery occlusion model.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors | 2001 |
Neuroprotective effects of (+/-)-kavain in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Parkinsonian Disorders; Pyrones; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2001 |
Glutamate excitotoxicity--a mechanism for axonal damage and oligodendrocyte death in Multiple Sclerosis?
Topics: Animals; Axons; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Multiple Sclerosis; Myelitis; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oligodendroglia; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA | 2000 |
Glutamate enhances DNA fragmentation in cultured spinal motor neurons of rat.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cell Count; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Fragmentation; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Motor Neuron Disease; Motor Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Diseases | 2001 |
Metabolic alterations in cerebrospinal fluid from double hemorrhage model of dogs.
Topics: Animals; Basilar Artery; Caspase Inhibitors; Caspases; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pyruvic Acid; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Time Factors; Vasospasm, Intracranial | 2001 |
A synthetic inhibitor of p53 protects neurons against death induced by ischemic and excitotoxic insults, and amyloid beta-peptide.
Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Benzothiazoles; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Neurons; Prodrugs; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Thiazoles; Toluene; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 | 2001 |
Targeting acute ischemic stroke with a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Calcium; Cell Line; CHO Cells; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Male; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Safety; Stroke; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
A new model for diffuse brain injury by rotational acceleration: II. Effects on extracellular glutamate, intracranial pressure, and neuronal apoptosis.
Topics: Acceleration; Amino Acids; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Injuries; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Genes, jun; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Head Movements; Hippocampus; Intracranial Hypertension; Neurons; Rabbits; Rotation | 2001 |
Increases in cortical glutamate concentrations in transgenic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice are attenuated by creatine supplementation.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Body Weight; Brain Chemistry; Creatine; Dicarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Motor Neuron Disease; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Oxidative Stress; Psychomotor Performance; Pyrrolidines; Superoxide Dismutase | 2001 |
The role of neurochemical mechanisms of ventromedial hypothalamus in various models of anxiety in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Anxiety; Apomorphine; Avoidance Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus, Middle; Male; Memantine; Microinjections; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phenylephrine; Picrotoxin; Rats; Serotonin; Sulpiride; Yohimbine | 2001 |
17beta-Estradiol reduces cortical lesion size in the glutamate excitotoxicity model by enhancing extracellular lactate: a new neuroprotective pathway.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Estradiol; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2001 |
Long-term alteration of calcium homeostatic mechanisms in the pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Calcium; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Muscarinic Agonists; Neuronal Plasticity; Pilocarpine; Rats; Status Epilepticus; Time Factors | 2001 |
EAAT1 and EAAT2 immunoreactivity in transgenic mice with a G93A mutant SOD1 gene.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Motor Neurons; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Posterior Horn Cells; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1 | 2001 |
The effects of different 4-aminopyridine and morphine combinations on the intensity of morphine abstinence.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2001 |
Neuronal survival after CNS insult is determined by a genetically encoded autoimmune response.
Topics: Animals; Autoimmunity; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Central Nervous System; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Routes; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Immunity, Cellular; Injections; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Nude; Nerve Crush; Neurons; Optic Nerve Injuries; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Species Specificity; Spinal Cord Injuries; T-Lymphocytes; Wounds, Nonpenetrating | 2001 |
Glutamate transporters in the spinal cord of the wobbler mouse.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Carrier Proteins; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Motor Neuron Disease; Muscle, Skeletal; Neuroglia; Neurons; Spinal Cord; Symporters | 2001 |
Hypothermia reduces glutamate efflux in perilymph following transient cochlear ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Cochlea; Cochlear Diseases; Deafness; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Hypothermia, Induced; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons, Afferent; Perilymph; Reperfusion Injury; Synapses; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency | 2001 |
Real time monitoring of glutamate following fluid percussion brain injury with hypoxia in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biosensing Techniques; Brain Concussion; Brain Edema; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted | 2000 |
Altered content and modulation of soluble guanylate cyclase in the cerebellum of rats with portacaval anastomosis.
Topics: Animals; Cerebellum; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activators; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hyperammonemia; Immunoblotting; Indazoles; Lymphocytes; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Penicillamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Neuroprotective effect of recombinant human erythropoietin in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Rabbits; Recombinant Proteins; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vasoconstriction | 2001 |
Selective down-regulation of the astrocyte glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST within the medial thalamus in experimental Wernicke's encephalopathy.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Antimetabolites; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Male; Parietal Lobe; Pyrithiamine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Statistics as Topic; Thalamus; Thiamine Deficiency; Wernicke Encephalopathy | 2001 |
Amphetamine-induced plasticity of AMPA receptors in the ventral tegmental area: effects on extracellular levels of dopamine and glutamate in freely moving rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microinjections; N-Methylaspartate; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area; Wakefulness | 2001 |
Partial resistance to malonate-induced striatal cell death in transgenic mouse models of Huntington's disease is dependent on age and CAG repeat length.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; Animals; bcl-X Protein; Blood Glucose; Cell Death; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Malonates; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred CBA; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nuclear Proteins; Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Synaptosomes; Trinucleotide Repeats; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein | 2001 |
Post-ischemic administration of DY-9760e, a novel calmodulin antagonist, reduced infarct volume in the permanent focal ischemia model of spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Indazoles; Male; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR | 2001 |
In vivo estimation of bioartificial liver with recombinant HepG2 cells using pigs with ischemic liver failure.
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Blood Coagulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Hepatocytes; Humans; Ischemia; Liver; Liver Failure; Liver, Artificial; Recombinant Proteins; Survival Rate; Swine; Transfection; Tumor Cells, Cultured | 2001 |
Effects of bilateral olfactory bulbectomy on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function: autoradiographic and behavioral studies in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Denervation; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Olfactory Bulb; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate | 2001 |
Epileptogenesis induces long-term alterations in intracellular calcium release and sequestration mechanisms in the hippocampal neuronal culture model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Boron Compounds; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Homeostasis; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Thapsigargin | 2001 |
Impaired glutamate uptake in the R6 Huntington's disease transgenic mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Carrier Proteins; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Crosses, Genetic; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred CBA; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Neurological; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Peptides; Phenotype; RNA, Messenger; Symporters | 2001 |
Profiles of glutamate and GABA efflux in core versus peripheral zones of focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Time Factors | 2001 |
Antinociceptive profiles of aspirin and acetaminophen in formalin, substance P and glutamate pain models.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Animals; Aspirin; Behavior, Animal; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Foot; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Synaptic Transmission | 2001 |
Transgenic SOD1 G93A mice develop reduced GLT-1 in spinal cord without alterations in cerebrospinal fluid glutamate levels.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Superoxide Dismutase | 2001 |
Involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors in excitatory amino acid and GABA release following spinal cord injury in rat.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2001 |
Impairment of amino-acid absorption in suckling rats infected with Cryptosporidium parvum.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Animals, Suckling; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium parvum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ileum; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Leucine; Leucyl Aminopeptidase; Microvilli; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms | 2001 |
Altered expressions of glutamate transporter subtypes in rat model of neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Immunohistochemistry; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Symporters | 2001 |
Metabolic approach of absence seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy, the GAERS: study of the leucine-glutamate cycle.
Topics: Acetates; Amines; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Animals; Brain; Carbon Monoxide; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Epilepsy, Absence; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Keto Acids; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Leucine; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Mutant Strains; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptic Vesicles; Transaminases | 2001 |
Polyamine metabolism and glutamate receptor agonists-mediated excitotoxicity in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Polyamines; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Frontal Lobe; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Putrescine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Spermidine; Spermine | 2001 |
Astrocytic and microglia cells reactivity induced by neonatal administration of glutamate in cerebral cortex of the adult rats.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Division; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Lectins; Male; Microglia; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stem Cells; Synaptic Transmission; Vimentin | 2002 |
GLT-1 glutamate transporter levels are unchanged in mice expressing G93A human mutant SOD1.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Carrier Proteins; Central Nervous System; Dimerization; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Molecular Weight; Motor Neurons; Muscle Weakness; Mutation; Phenotype; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase-1; Symporters | 2002 |
[Protective effect of c-fos antisense oligonucleotides on brain damage induced by glutamate].
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Synaptosomes; Water | 2001 |
Neurogenic bladder model for spinal cord injury: spinal cord microdialysis and chronic urodynamics.
Topics: Animals; Catheters, Indwelling; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Microdialysis; Neurochemistry; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries; Taurine; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic | 2002 |
Blockade of striatal adenosine A2A receptor reduces, through a presynaptic mechanism, quinolinic acid-induced excitotoxicity: possible relevance to neuroprotective interventions in neurodegenerative diseases of the striatum.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Huntington Disease; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Maze Learning; Motor Activity; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Presynaptic Terminals; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Pyrimidines; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Triazoles | 2002 |
Low-dose Carbicarb improves cerebral outcome after asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Asphyxia; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carbonates; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hippocampus; Neurons; Rats; Recovery of Function; Reperfusion Injury; Sodium Bicarbonate; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
DL-Homocysteic acid application disrupts calcium homeostasis and induces degeneration of spinal motor neurons in vivo.
Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Anterior Horn Cells; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Homocysteine; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 2002 |
Malignant infarction in cats after prolonged middle cerebral artery occlusion: glutamate elevation related to decrease of cerebral perfusion pressure.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Edema; Cats; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Intracranial Pressure; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Microdialysis; Predictive Value of Tests; Tomography, Emission-Computed | 2002 |
Monitoring of porcine myocardial ischemia and reperfusion by intravasal microdialysis.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hemodynamics; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Probability; Pyruvic Acid; Random Allocation; Reference Values; Sensitivity and Specificity; Swine | 2002 |
Bidirectional alterations in cerebellar synaptic transmission of tottering and rolling Ca2+ channel mutant mice.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Ataxia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, P-Type; Calcium Channels, Q-Type; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Homozygote; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Glutamine concentration and tissue exchange with intravenously administered alpha-ketoglutaric acid and ammonium: a dose-response study in the pig.
Topics: Acidosis; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Injections, Intravenous; Ketoglutaric Acids; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Random Allocation; Splanchnic Circulation; Swine; Urea; Viscera | 2002 |
Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury.
Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channels; Up-Regulation | 2002 |
A neuroprotective role for gap junctions.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Carbenoxolone; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Coculture Techniques; Connexin 43; Disease Models, Animal; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons | 2001 |
[Glutamic acid antagonists as antiparkinson agents?].
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Parkinson Disease | 1992 |
Neurochemical changes associated with the action of acute administration of diazepam in reversing the behavioral paradigm conditioned emotional response (CER).
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Anxiety; Aspartic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Biogenic Monoamines; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Emotions; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Serotonin | 1992 |
Hippocampal CA3 lesion prevents postconcussive metabolic dysfunction in CA1.
Topics: Animals; Brain Concussion; Carbon Radioisotopes; Deoxyglucose; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 1992 |
Effect of dichloroacetate on recovery of brain lactate, phosphorus energy metabolites, and glutamate during reperfusion after complete cerebral ischemia in rats.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cations; Dichloroacetic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Water | 1992 |
[Effect of metabolic stress on the release of glutamic acid and GABA in the brain tissue of Mongolian hamsters].
Topics: Animals; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoglycemia; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Stress, Physiological | 1992 |
Kindling increases brain levels of NAAG and seizures reduce activity of a NAAG-hydrolyzing enzyme, NAALADase.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Mapping; Dipeptidases; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures | 1992 |
Differing neurochemical and morphological sequelae of global ischemia: comparison of single- and multiple-insult paradigms.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thalamus; Time Factors | 1992 |
Succinylacetone effects on renal tubular phosphate metabolism: a model for experimental renal Fanconi syndrome.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Fanconi Syndrome; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heptanoates; In Vitro Techniques; Kidney Tubules; Malates; Male; Microvilli; Mitochondria; Phosphates; Pyruvates; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Succinates; Succinic Acid; Time Factors | 1991 |
Correlation of the extracellular glutamate concentration with extent of blood flow reduction after subdural hematoma in the rat.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hematoma, Subdural; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regression Analysis; Valine | 1991 |
[Transsynaptic and transmembrane control and aging--cellular and molecular aspect].
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aging; Animals; Dementia; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Norepinephrine; Signal Transduction; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission | 1991 |
Hypoxia-ischemia stimulates hippocampal glutamate efflux in perinatal rat brain: an in vivo microdialysis study.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1991 |
High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of selected amino acids in rat brain by precolumn derivatization with phenylisothiocyanate.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Isothiocyanates; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serine; Thiocyanates | 1990 |
Neuroleptic-induced catalepsy as a model of Parkinson's disease. II. Effect of glutamate antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Catalepsy; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fluphenazine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microinjections; Parkinson Disease; Phencyclidine; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Sulpiride | 1990 |
Astrocytic swelling in traumatic-hypoxic brain injury. Beneficial effects of an inhibitor of anion exchange transport and glutamate uptake in glial cells.
Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Injuries; Cats; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorenes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Ouabain; Potassium; Rats | 1989 |
"Epileptic" brain damage is replicated qualitatively in the rat hippocampus by central injection of glutamate or aspartate but not by GABA or acetylcholine.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Motor Activity; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Time Factors | 1985 |
Selective damage in striatum and hippocampus with in vitro anoxia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Animals; Calcium; Carbon Dioxide; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Egtazic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Organ Specificity; Oxygen Consumption; Synaptosomes | 1988 |
Focal cerebral ischaemia in the cat: treatment with the glutamate antagonist MK-801 after induction of ischaemia.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate | 1988 |