glutamic acid and Brain Ischemia

glutamic acid has been researched along with Brain Ischemia in 792 studies

Research

Studies (792)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	26 (3.28)	18.7374
1990's	262 (33.08)	18.2507
2000's	275 (34.72)	29.6817
2010's	190 (23.99)	24.3611
2020's	39 (4.92)	2.80

Authors

Authors	Studies
Chen, Y; Fan, L; Huang, J; Li, L; Li, X; Lu, S; Qu, Z; Song, N; Wang, Y; Xu, W; Yang, S; Yuan, C; Zhang, J	1
Schiel, KA	1
Farhoudi, M; Hosseini, L; Mahmoudi, J; Sadigh-Eteghad, S; Seyedaghamiri, F	1
Baukov, YI; Borisevich, SS; Borozdenko, DA; Chekhonin, VP; Cherkashova, EA; Ezdoglian, AA; Golubev, YV; Gonchar, DI; Gubskiy, IL; Gubsky, LV; Gureev, MA; Kiseleva, NM; Lagunin, AA; Lyakhmun, DN; Namestnikova, DD; Negrebetsky, VV; Shagina, AD; Shmigol, TA; Tarasenko, DV	1
Cui, X; Gu, WW; Li, WB; Liu, LZ; Xian, XH; Zhang, M	1
Andrew, RD; Ayata, C; Brennan, KC; Dawson-Scully, KD; Dreier, JP; Farkas, E; Hartings, JA; Herreras, O; Kirov, SA; Müller, M; Ollen-Bittle, N; Reiffurth, C; Revah, O; Robertson, RM; Ullah, G	1
Azami Tameh, A; Karimian, M; Khassafi, N; Vahidinia, Z; Zahraei, Z	1
Chen, Y; Du, J; Hou, ST; Li, X; Lu, S; Wang, Y; Yuan, C	1
Wang, F; Zhang, X; Zhou, H	1
Sharma, DJ; Sultana, J	1
Chetiwal, R; Gupta, S; Kumar, A; Rastogi, P; Tomar, P	1
Asada, M; Hayashi, H; Takagi, N	1
Chen, CC; Chen, WP; Hsu, PC; Lan, YJ; Lee, LY; Lee, YH; Wang, YC	1
Li, ZQ; Liu, BH; Pu, J; Zhang, XR	1
Cardona-Gómez, GP; Gutierrez-Vargas, JA; Oluwatomilayo-Ojo, P; Perez-Corredor, PA	1
El-Sahar, AE; Khattab, MA; Mohammed, RA; Saad, MA; Sayed, RH	1
Abdallah, DM; Mohammed, RA; Nassar, NN; Safar, MM; Zaki, OS	1
Kang, JB; Koh, PO; Park, DJ	1
Chu, A; Featherstone, DE; Heit, BS; Larson, J; Park, TJ; Sane, A	1
Albano, L; Bens, N; Calvi, MR; Comai, S; De Domenico, P; Gagliardi, F; Mortini, P; Panni, P; Pompeo, E; Roncelli, F; Ruban, A; Snider, S	1
Monov, D; Pashanova, O	1
Kang, JB; Koh, PO	1
Aboudhiaf, S; Balança, B; Barcelos, GK; Carrillon, R; Dailler, F; Grousson, S; Lieutaud, T; Marinesco, S; Perret-Liaudet, A; Tholance, Y	1
Chen, J; Guo, D; He, J; Jia, Y; Peng, H; Shi, M; Sun, L; Wang, A; Wang, Y; Xu, Q; Xu, T; Yang, P; Zhang, Y; Zhong, C; Zhu, Z	1
Kurian, GA; Ravindran, S	1
Almeida, A; Bolaños, JP; Burmistrova, O; Eremeeva, T; Fedichev, PO; Jimenez-Blasco, D; Lapresa, R; Olias-Arjona, A; Romanov, S; Shishov, D; Zakurdaeva, K	1
Babaev, AA; Blinova, EV; Gaidin, SG; Gavrish, MS; Mal'tseva, VN; Turovskaya, MV; Turovsky, EA	1
Jin, YB; Kang, JB; Koh, PO; Park, DJ; Shah, FA	1
Wei, W; Yue, Y; Zhang, Y; Zhao, H	1
Gong, Z; Kou, J; Liu, B; Liu, K; Song, X	1
Bona, M; Bonova, P; Gottlieb, M; Jachova, J; Nemethova, M	1
Dumitrescu, S; Hosmann, A; Kozlov, AV; Milivojev, N; Reinprecht, A; Weidinger, A	1
Bugallo-Casal, A; Campos, F; Castillo, J; da Silva-Candal, A; Dopico-López, A; Iglesias-Rey, R; Mirelman, D; Pérez-Mato, M; Rabinkov, A; Sobrino, T	1
Chen, HY; Lin, CH; Wei, KC	1
Buyukuysal, RL; Gul, Z	1
Liu, L; Sheng, R; Tan, J; Xie, F; Yuan, Q; Yuan, Y; Zheng, Y	1
Albalate, M; Bouarich, H; de Sequera, P; Durán-Laforet, V; Lizasoain, I; López-Ongil, S; Martínez-Miguel, P; Moro, MÁ; Peña-Esparragoza, K; Peña-Martínez, C; Rodríguez-Puyol, D; Sánchez-Prieto, J; Torres, M	1
Chen, L; Dai, Y; He, X; Huang, J; Jia, W; Jin, T; Li, J; Liang, S; Lin, H; Liu, W; Tao, J; Wu, J; Yang, M	1
Asada, M; Hayashi, H; Horinokita, I; Iwatani, Y; Liu, JX; Takagi, N; Wang, M	1
Kang, JB; Koh, PO; Park, DJ; Shah, MA	2
Hood, M; Imeh-Nathaniel, A; Nathaniel, TI; Stewart, B; Williams, J	1
Geng, LY; Qian, FY; Qian, JF; Zhang, ZJ	1
Chen, J; Feng, H; Hu, R; Jin, P; Lei, R; Liao, H; Wan, Q; Wan, Y; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z; Zhuang, Y	1
Petzold, GC; Rakers, C; Schmid, M	1
Cui, X; Hu, YY; Li, L; Li, SQ; Li, WB; Qi, J; Sun, XC; Xian, XH; Zhang, M	1
Cho, B; Kim, E; Lee, D; Lee, YB; Moon, C; Son, G; Soo Han, H; Yoo, SJ	1
Budziszewska, B; Bystrowska, B; Filip, M; Krzyżanowska, W; Pera, J; Pomierny, B; Pomierny-Chamioło, L	1
Choi, CG; Choi, Y; Ha, HK; Ham, SJ; Jeon, SB; Jung, SC; Kim, J; Kim, JK; Kim, KW; Kim, ST; Kwon, JI; Shim, WH; Sung, YS; Woo, CW; Woo, DC	1
Mayor, D; Tymianski, M	1
Fushimi, M; Kawase, H; Mizoue, R; Morimatsu, H; Sato, S; Shimizu, T; Takeda, Y	1
Cao, L; Cao, ZY; Hu, HF; Luo, YP; Wang, ZZ; Xiao, W; Zhang, H; Zhang, XZ	1
Huang, SY; Hung, HY; Lee, AC; Lee, EJ; Lee, WT; Lin, YW; Tai, SH; Wu, TS	1
Arias-Londoño, JD; Cardona-Gómez, GP; Cortes, NC; Posada-Duque, R; Sabogal-Guáqueta, AM	1
Fedorovich, SV; Waseem, TV	1
Ferrari, F; Gorini, A; Hoyer, S; Villa, RF	1
Gong, Y; Guo, F; Sun, X; Xu, L; Zhang, M	1
Bakulin, DA; Filina, IS; Kurkin, DV; Tyurenkov, IN; Volotova, EV	1
Gao, Y; He, J; Lei, X; Pan, W; Wu, G; Yu, H; Zhang, Y	1
Feng, J; Feng, L; Ma, D; Xin, M; You, J	1
Hu, KH; Jia, W; Li, YA; Sun, L; Wang, SR; Wu, GY; Yu, LH	1
Chen, Z; Dai, M; Kang, F; Meng, Y; Wang, X; Yu, H	1
Fern, R; Matute, C	1
Argibay, B; Ávila-Gómez, P; Baumann, A; Campos, F; Castillo, J; Correa-Paz, C; da Silva-Candal, A; Dopico-López, A; Fernández-Susavila, H; Günther, A; Iglesias-Rey, R; Isabel Loza, M; Pérez-Díaz, A; Pérez-Mato, M; Sobrino, T; Vieites-Prado, A	1
Gong, JX; Hu, YY; Li, L; Li, WB; Lou, N; Qi, J; Su, AC; Xian, XH; Zhang, JG; Zhang, LY; Zhang, M; Zhang, MY; Zhao, CC; Zhao, H	1
Chen, J; Chu, J; Osei-Owusu, J; Qiu, Z; Vitery, MDC; Yang, J	1
Cheng, C; Huang, J; Huang, WY; Jiang, C; Jiao, JT; Liu, J; Shao, JF; Ye, HB; Zhang, R	1
Ali, AI; Cheng, Z; Chibaatar, E; Guo, Y; Le, K; Wang, J; Yu, D	1
Beer, R; Gaasch, M; Helbok, R; Ianosi, B; Kofler, M; Lindner, A; Pfausler, B; Rass, V; Rhomberg, P; Schiefecker, AJ; Schmutzhard, E; Stover, JF; Thomé, C	1
Kalinina, TS; Kiselev, AV; Stovbun, SV; Vostrikova, EV	1
Cao, J; Goldman, SA; Hu, J; Hu, T; Luo, X; Nedergaard, M; Qin, C; Wang, J; Wang, M; Wang, W; Wang, X; Xie, M	1
Anderson, C; Anrather, J; Benakis, C; Darnell, RB; Dyke, JP; Fak, JJ; Iadecola, C; Kobayashi, M; Mele, A; Moore, MJ; Park, CY; Poon, C; Uekawa, K; Zhou, P	1
Fang, JQ; Jia, HY; Liu, J; Mao, QY; Wu, YY; Yu, XL	1
Bonova, P; Burda, J; Danielisova, V; Gottlieb, M; Nemethova, M	2
Blanco, M; Campos, F; Caniego, JL; Castillo, J; Dávalos, A; Escudero, D; Lizasoaín, I; Moro, MÁ; Nombela, F; Pérez de la Ossa, N; Sobrino, T; Vivancos, J	1
Bechberger, JF; Kozoriz, MG; Lai, S; Naus, CC; Sáez, JC; Sin, WC; Vega, JL	1
Baker, GB; Churchward, MA; Dhami, KS; Todd, KG	1
Eckert, GP; Hagl, S; Klein, J; Schwarzkopf, TM	1
Bacigaluppi, M; Cambiaghi, M; Comi, G; Cursi, M; Gallizioli, M; Gaude, E; Leocani, L; Mari, S; Martino, G; Musco, G; Peruzzotti-Jametti, L; Sandrone, S; Teneud, L	1
Hindriks, R; Hofmeijer, J; Tjepkema-Cloostermans, MC; van Putten, MJ	1
Ogita, K; Tokuyama, S	1
Blanco, M; Campos, F; Castillo, J; Pérez-Mato, M; Rodríguez-Yáñez, M; Sobrino, T; Vieites-Prado, A	1
Bressler, J; Kaufmann, W; O'Driscoll, CM; Rojas, CJ; Slusher, BS; Thomas, AG	1
Chen, J; Du, G; Li, J; Li, X; Miao, Z; Pei, A; Tu, H; Wang, C; Xie, H; Xu, X; Zhao, H	1
Chang, CC; Chen, TY; Huang, SY; Hung, YC; Juan, WS; Lee, AC; Lee, AH; Lee, EJ; Lin, YW; Wu, TS	1
Akture, E; Begum, G; Cengiz, P; Chanana, V; Ferrazzano, P; Fidan, E; Kendigelen, P; Kintner, DB; Sun, D; Uluc, K; Yuan, H	1
Bae, DW; Choi, BT; Choi, YW; Hong, JW; Jang, JY; Kim, HN; Kim, YR; Park, SJ; Shin, HK	1
Curti, C; Delgado-Hernández, R; González-Durruthy, M; Marin-Prida, J; Nuñez-Figueredo, Y; Ochoa-Rodríguez, E; Pardo-Andreu, GL; Porto-Verdecia, M; Ramírez-Sánchez, J; Rodrigues, FP; Souza, DO; Uyemura, SA; Verdecia-Reyes, Y	1
Allen, RS; Boatright, JH; Cale, HA; Morrison, KC; Pardue, MT; Sayeed, I; Stein, DG	1
Lei, RY; Liu, YR; Lu, H; Wang, CE; Zhang, BA; Zhang, GB; Zhu, HC	1
Camós, S; Cañadas, R; Castellanos, M; Gubern, C; Hurtado, O; Lizasoain, I; Mallolas, J; Moro, MA; Rodríguez, R; Romera, VG; Serena, J; Sobrado, M	1
Chin, K; Liu, F; Wang, M; Zhai, D	1
Attwell, D; Buchan, AM; Gesslein, B; Hall, CN; Hamilton, NB; Lauritzen, M; Mishra, A; O'Farrell, FM; Reynell, C; Sutherland, BA	1
Filip, M; Krzyżanowska, W; Pera, J; Pomierny, B	1
Di Giovanni, G; Mifsud, G; Muscat, R; Valentino, M; Zammit, C	1
Makarova, LM; Mirzoian, RS; Pogorelyĭ, VE; Prikhod'ko, MA; Skachilova, SIa	1
Jacobsen, A; Nielsen, TH; Nilsson, O; Nordström, CH; Schalén, W	1
Anuncibay-Soto, B; Fernández-López, A; Llorente, IL; Pérez-García, CC; Pérez-Rodríguez, D	1
Li, SY; Li, TB; Lou, Z; Luo, XJ; Peng, J; Yang, H; Yang, J; Yang, ZB; Zhang, Z	1
Reissner, KJ	1
Chara, JC; Domercq, M; Gona, KB; Llop, J; Martin, A; Matute, C; Pérez-Samartín, A; Soria, FN; Szczupak, B	1
Bie, XD; Ge, LJ; Han, J; Wan, HT; Yang, JH; Zhang, YY	1
Guo, DZ; Li, H; Li, N; Meng, XE; Pan, SY; Yang, C	1
Koh, PO	2
Dienel, GA	1
Li, YJ; Liu, SB; Wu, YM; Yang, L; Yang, Q; Zhang, K; Zhao, MG; Zheng, LH	1
Hu, YY; Li, L; Li, WB; Wang, D; Xu, J; Zhang, M	1
Antipova, TA; Bakulin, DA; Kurkin, DV; Logvinov, IO; Tiurenkov, IN; Volotova, EV	1
Bakulin, DA; Kurkin, DV; Tiurenkov, IN; Volotova, EV	1
Fern, R; Gibson, CL; Trotman, M; Vermehren, P	1
Teng, F; Tu, J; Zhang, C; Zhang, D	1
Badawi, Y; Hui, D; Michaelis, EK; Pal, R; Shi, H	1
Kraus, JR; Ludka, FK; Molz, S; Olescowicz, G; Tasca, CI	1
Beppu, K; Matsui, K	1
Abdel Salam, RM; Attia, AS; Kenawy, SA; Saad, MA	1
Canzoniero, LM; Curcio, M; Duarte, CB; Duarte, EP; Inácio, AR; Salazar, IL	1
Gao, J; Gao, Y; Li, C; Li, J; Li, Q; Liao, H; Mao, W; Pang, T; Xu, L; Xu, Y; Ye, Q; Zhang, L; Zhou, Y	1
Abdelsalam, RM; Attia, AS; Kenawy, SA; Saad, MA	1
Abbruscato, TJ; Islam, MR; Karamyan, VT; Yang, L	1
Han, L; Hao, S; Hou, Z; Li, YV; Liu, B; Pei, L; Tian, Q; Tian, R; Yan, H; Zhang, Q	1
Fang, H; Ga, Y; Shan, L; Yue, R; Zhang, Y; Zhao, J	1
Klein, J; Koch, K; Schwarzkopf, TM	1
Chen, Y; Du, G; Kong, J; Kostrzewa, RM; Li, X; Miao, Z; Tan, X; Xu, X; Yu, H; Zhao, H; Zhu, J	1
Aguilar-Sosa, E; Alvarado-Moreno, A; Esparza-García, JC; Guadalupe Valades-Mejía, M; Hernández-Juárez, J; Isordia-Salas, I; Leaños-Miranda, A; Majluf-Cruz, A; Santiago-Germán, D	1
Baptista, MS; Costa, JT; de Almeida, LP; Duarte, CB; Gomes, JR; Mele, M; Nobre, RJ; Ruscher, K; Wieloch, T	1
Ahn, SM; Choi, BT; Kim, HN; Kim, YR; Shin, HK	1
Gao, X; Gu, SL; Han, JP; Hu, B; Li, M; Ma, TF; Ma, X; Qin, SJ; Wu, YQ; Zhou, L	1
Liu, QR; Reiner, D; Shen, H; Wang, Y; Wu, KJ; Yu, SJ	1
Antipova, TA; Bakulin, DA; Kurkin, DV; Logvinov, IO; Mazina, NV; Tyurenkov, IN; Volotova, EV	1
Ahn, KC; Dunbar, GL; Hall, TC; Learman, CR; MacKenzie, EM; Song, MS; Weaver, CL	1
Ain-Shoka, AA; Attia, AS; El-Sahar, AE; Safar, MM; Zaki, HF	1
Bradamante, V; Kelava, M; Konjevoda, P; Lovrić, J; Macan, M; Štambuk, N; Vrkić, N; Vukšić, A; Žunec, S	1
Keep, RF; Lawrence, DA; Li, C; Su, EJ; Tang, Y; Xiang, J	1
Liu, H; Shen, A; Tao, T; Wang, H; Wang, N; Zhang, D	1
Chen, X; Hu, H; Huang, Y; Leng, T; Li, Q; Liu, A; Qiu, P; Su, X; Wang, Y; Xiong, ZG; Yan, G; Yin, W; Zhang, J; Zhou, S; Zhou, Y; Zhu, W	1
Aylsworth, A; Kuebler, ES; Tauskela, JS; Thivierge, JP; Zhao, X	1
Blanco, M; Brea, J; Campos, F; Castillo, J; Loza, MI; Mirelman, D; Sobrino, T	1
Bivard, A; Davis, S; Krishnamurthy, V; Levi, C; Lin, L; Mittef, F; Parsons, M; Spratt, NJ; Yassi, N	1
Fukumori, R; Hida, M; Hinoi, E; Kou, M; Kuramoto, N; Kutsukake, T; Nakamura, S; Takarada, T; Yoneda, Y	1
Antipova, TA; Gudasheva, TA; Kolyasnikova, KN; Nikolaev, SV; Povarnina, PY	1
Gao, F; Li, P; Shen, M; Teng, F; Wu, J; Zhang, C; Zhang, J	1
Chen, K; Duan, F; Li, S; Liu, Y; Sun, W; Tian, P; Yan, Z; Yang, R; Zhao, Y	1
Banerjee, A; Ghatak, S; Sikdar, SK	1
Bezzi, P; Buscemi, L; Ginet, V; Grubišic, V; Hirt, L; Lopatar, J; Montana, V; Parpura, V; Pucci, L; Puyal, J; Sala, C; Spagnuolo, P; Truttman, A; Zehnder, T	1
Gao, JR; Gao, YX; Huang, ZJ; Li, J; Li, Q; Liao, H; Pang, T; Wang, YJ; Xu, L; Xu, Y; Ye, Q; Zhang, LY; Zhou, YB	1
Ahn, SM; Choi, BT; Choi, YW; Kim, CM; Kim, HN; Kim, YR; Shin, HK	1
Farhoudi, M; Mahmoudi, J; Majdi, A; Sadigh-Eteghad, S; Shotorbani, SS	1
Gan'shina, TS; Kurdyumov, IN; Kurza, EV; Maslennikov, DV; Mirzoyan, RS	1
Abdul, KK; Justin, A; Ramanathan, M	1
Ao, G; Chen, S; Cheng, J; Li, Y; Sun, Y; Xiao, Y; Zhang, Y	1
Bacigaluppi, M; Bergamaschi, A; Butti, E; Centonze, D; Colombo, E; Comi, G; De Ceglia, R; Farina, C; Gallizioli, M; Hermann, DM; Invernizzi, RW; Martino, G; Motta, C; Muzio, L; Peruzzotti-Jametti, L; Politi, LS; Rossi, S; Russo, GL; Sandrone, S; Studer, V; Villani, C	1
Bracco, F; Brizi, C; Budriesi, R; Chiarini, A; De Cristofaro, A; Del Genio, A; di Perna, I; Frosini, M; Micucci, M; Pepe, GL; Santulli, C	1
Jain, R; Meena, CL; Pant, AB; Rajput, SK; Sharma, AK; Sharma, SS	1
Abrams, SR; Benson, CL; Han, X; Hou, ST; Jiang, SX; Slinn, J; Zaharia, LI	1
Cao, W; Gu, X; Jiang, MQ; Mohamad, O; Song, M; Wei, L; Wei, ZZ; Yu, SP	1
Auer, RN; Kherani, ZS	1
Braams, S; Gameiro, A; Grewer, C; Rauen, T; Tao, Z; Zhang, Z	1
Chen, PS; Gean, PW; Lin, CH	1
Gerace, E; Landucci, E; Moroni, F; Pellegrini-Giampietro, DE; Scartabelli, T	1
Bukovics, P; Gallyas, F; Pál, J	1
Cai, X; Misonou, H; Thompson, SM	1
Du, CP; Gao, J; Hou, XY; Liu, Y; Qi, J; Tai, JM; Wang, W	1
Doi, Y; Jin, S; Kawanokuchi, J; Liang, J; Mizuno, T; Sawada, M; Suzuki, H; Suzumura, A; Takeuchi, H	1
Alexander, JS; Harper, M; Jennings, MH; Kelley, RE; Minagar, A	1
Biswal, S; Christen, Y; Doré, S; Saleem, S; Zhuang, H	1
Ionov, ID	1
Jang, S; Jung, JC; Jung, M; Kim, DH; Lee, Y; Oh, S; Ryu, JH	1
Chazot, PL; Ennaceur, A; Errington, DR; Lees, G; Obrenovitch, TP; van Rensburg, R	1
Baik, EJ; Jung, YS; Kim, YS; Lee, BK; Lee, DH; Lee, KH; Lee, MG; Lee, S; Lee, SH; Moon, CH; Park, S; Park, SL; Yi, KY; Yoo, SE; Yoon, JS	1
Ferguson, AL; Stone, TW	1
Doludin, YV; Isaev, NK; Khryapenkova, TG; Lozier, ER; Plotnikov, EY; Silachev, DN; Stelmashook, EV; Zorov, DB	1
Agulla, J; Castillo, J; Rodríguez-González, R; Rodríguez-Yáñez, M; Sobrino, T	1
Benveniste, H	1
Chou, J; Delvolve, A; Harvey, BK; Hoffer, BJ; Jackson, SN; Kuo, CC; Post, J; Shen, H; Wang, Y; Woods, AS	1
Clarke, PG; Delacourte, A; Grishchuk, Y; Hirling, H; Luthi-Carter, R; Puyal, J; Rudinskiy, N; Vaslin, A	1
Bargiotas, P; Monyer, H; Schwaninger, M	1
Cao, ZJ; Hu, YS; Jia, J; Liu, G; Wu, Y; Xia, CM; Yu, HX; Zheng, QP; Zhu, DN	1
Enblad, P; Nordmark, J; Rubertsson, S	1
Oja, SS; Saransaari, P	3
Hu, G; Sun, XL	1
Gorini, A; Hoyer, S; Villa, RF	1
Ferrarese, C; Longoni, M; Piazza, F; Tremolizzo, L	1
Amantea, D; Bagetta, G; Corasaniti, MT; Fratto, V; Maida, S; Nappi, G; Ragusa, S; Rotiroti, D	1
Aki, HS; Aoki, T; Fujimoto, K; Fujita, M; Kasaoka, S; Kumagai, K; Maekawa, T; Maruyama, I; Murata, H; Nanba, M; Tsuruta, R; Yamashita, S; Yuasa, M	1
Chang, HC; Wang, RY; Wang, SG; Yang, YR	1
Chen, JF; Duan, W; Gui, L; Li, C; Tian, H; Zheng, J; Zhu, J	1
Guan, YY; Li, XY; Liang, J; Tang, YB; Zhou, JG	1
Czabanka, M; Denecke, T; Nagel, A; Plotkin, M; Sarrafzadeh, AS; Vajkoczy, P	1
ArunaDevi, R; Bhadoria, BK; Kumar, D; Kumar, S; Lata, S; Ramteke, VD; Sankar, P; Tandan, SK	1
Brady, JD; Mohr, C; Rossi, DJ	2
Choi, S; Choi, SK; Lee, GJ; Lee, H; Park, HK; Yang, JS; Yin, CS	1
Borsotto, M; Brau, F; Gandin, C; Heurteaux, C; Lazdunski, M; Lhuillier, M; Onteniente, B; Widmann, C	1
Akira, S; Hirayama, Y; Ikeda-Matsuo, Y; Ota, A; Sasaki, Y; Uematsu, S	1
Chae, SJ; Choi, S; Choi, SK; Chung, JH; Kang, SW; Lee, GJ; Park, HK	1
Chen, ZQ; Jiang, ZL; Li, X; Peng, LL; Wang, GH	1
Andrabi, SA; Dawson, TM; Dawson, VL; Kibler, KK; Klaus, JA; Koehler, RC; Li, X; Rao, K; Xu, Z; Yang, ZJ; Zhang, J	1
Batti, L; O'Connor, JJ; Taylor, CT	1
Chae, SJ; Choi, S; Choi, SK; Kang, SW; Lee, GJ; Lee, SH; Park, HK; Yin, CS	1
Sas, K	1
Mishra, V; Raghubir, R; Sasmal, D; Verma, R	1
Antonucci, F; Caleo, M; Cerri, C; Maya Vetencourt, JF	1
Burda, J; Danielisova, V; Gottlieb, M; Kravcukova, P; Nemethova, M	1
Hu, YS; Jia, J; Wu, Y; Zhang, F	1
Abe, Y; Kawai, N; Kawakita, K; Kuroda, Y; Tamiya, T; Yano, T	1
Aguilera, P; Chánez-Cárdenas, ME; Espinoza-Rojo, M; Iturralde-Rodríguez, KI; Ruiz-Tachiquín, ME	1
Attwell, D; Haglerød, C; Madry, C	1
Ji, X; Li, F; Lu, W; Luo, CX; Wu, HY; Xu, HB; Zhou, L; Zhou, QG; Zhu, DY; Zhu, MM	1
Chae, SJ; Choi, S; Choi, SK; Jin Joo, H; Kang, SW; Lee, GJ; Park, E; Park, HK	1
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Procter, AW	1
Olney, JW; Rothman, SM	1
Barnes, DM	1
Siesjö, BK	1
Albers, GW; Choi, DW; Goldberg, MP	1
Frierdich, G; Ikonomidou, C; Labruyere, J; Mosinger, JL; Olney, JW; Price, MT; Salles, KS	1
George, CP; Graf, R; Heiss, WD; Rosner, G; Shimada, N; Wakayama, A	1
Benveniste, H; Christensen, T; Diemer, NH; Hagberg, H; Jørgensen, MB; Sandberg, M	1
Dewar, D; Kurumaji, A; McCulloch, J; Wallace, MC	1
Ottersen, OP; Storm-Mathisen, J; Torp, R	1
Meldrum, B	1
Engelsen, BA; Fonnum, F; Fosse, VM; Myrseth, E	1
Wieloch, T	1
Kogure, K; Onodera, H; Sato, G	1
Buchanan, K; Johnston, MV; Silverstein, FS	1
Cheng, J; Simon, RP; Stout, S; Young, RS	1
Nakayama, H	1
Barks, J; Johnston, MV; Silverstein, FS; Torke, L	1
Andersson, P; Hagberg, H; Kjellmer, I; Thiringer, K; Thordstein, M	1
Graham, DI; McCulloch, J; Nehls, DG; Park, CK; Teasdale, GM	1

Reviews

115 review(s) available for glutamic acid and Brain Ischemia

Article	Year
Possible Engagement of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Pathophysiology of Brain Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2022, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cognitive Dysfunction; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, Nicotinic	2022
Anti-cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury of polysaccharides: A review of the mechanisms. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2021, Volume: 137 Topics: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Polysaccharides; Reperfusion Injury	2021
GLT-1 Upregulation as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Brain Injury. Current pharmaceutical design, 2017, Volume: 23, Issue:33 Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Drug Delivery Systems; Estrogen Receptor Modulators; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Up-Regulation	2017
Neurotransmitters in the mediation of cerebral ischemic injury. Neuropharmacology, 2018, 05-15, Volume: 134, Issue:Pt B Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate	2018
Metabolic regulation of synaptic activity. Reviews in the neurosciences, 2018, 11-27, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission	2018
Cerebral Ischemic Postconditioning Plays a Neuroprotective Role through Regulation of Central and Peripheral Glutamate. BioMed research international, 2018, Volume: 2018 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Postconditioning; Neuroprotection; Reperfusion Injury	2018
Glutamate receptors and white matter stroke. Neuroscience letters, 2019, 02-16, Volume: 694 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Axons; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Myelin Sheath; Oligodendroglia; Receptors, Glutamate; Stroke; White Matter	2019
Glutamate transporters in brain ischemia: to modulate or not? Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2014, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Preconditioning; Neuroprotective Agents; Synaptic Transmission; Treatment Outcome; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins	2014
Oligodendrocyte pathophysiology and treatment strategies in cerebral ischemia. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2014, Volume: 20, Issue:7 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Oligodendroglia; Oxidative Stress; Treatment Outcome	2014
Lactate shuttling and lactate use as fuel after traumatic brain injury: metabolic considerations. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2014, Volume: 34, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Mitochondria; Oxidation-Reduction; Pyruvic Acid	2014
[Novel function of astrocytes revealed by optogenetics]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2014, Volume: 72, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Optogenetics	2014
Mechanisms Underlying Astrocyte Endfeet Swelling in Stroke. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 2016, Volume: 121 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Cell Size; Edema; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Potassium; Stroke	2016
A novel mechanism of neuroprotection: Blood glutamate grabber. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2016, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Stroke	2016
The interplay of microRNAs and post-ischemic glutamate excitotoxicity: an emergent research field in stroke medicine. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2016, Volume: 37, Issue:11 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; MicroRNAs; Stroke	2016
Glutamate forward and reverse transport: from molecular mechanism to transporter-mediated release after ischemia. IUBMB life, 2008, Volume: 60, Issue:9 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Binding Sites; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Models, Molecular; Neurons; Protein Conformation; Synapses	2008
Self-amplification of nigral degeneration in Parkinson's disease: a hypothesis. The International journal of neuroscience, 2008, Volume: 118, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Histamine; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Neuropeptides; Parkinson Disease; Substantia Nigra	2008
Role of acidosis, NMDA receptors, and acid-sensitive ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) in neuronal death induced by ischemia. Biochemistry. Biokhimiia, 2008, Volume: 73, Issue:11 Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Acidosis; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channels	2008
Statins and stroke. Therapeutic advances in cardiovascular disease, 2008, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cholesterol; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Immunity, Innate; Lipid Metabolism; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Platelet Aggregation; Stroke	2008
Hemichannels in cerebral ischemia. Current molecular medicine, 2009, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Connexins; Cortical Spreading Depression; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Interleukin-1; Ions; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidative Stress	2009
ATP-sensitive potassium channels: a promising target for protecting neurovascular unit function in stroke. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2010, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Humans; KATP Channels; Mice; Microglia; Neurogenesis; Potassium Channels; Rats; Stroke; Vasodilation	2010
[Use of intracerebral microdialysis in severe traumatic brain injury]. No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery, 2010, Volume: 38, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Lactates; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Pyruvic Acid	2010
Glucose transporters regulation on ischemic brain: possible role as therapeutic target. Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, 2010, Dec-01, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Estrogens; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Garlic; Glucose; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Preconditioning; Mitochondria; Plant Extracts; Up-Regulation; Vitamin E	2010
Glutamate and ATP signalling in white matter pathology. Journal of anatomy, 2011, Volume: 219, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Oligodendroglia; Signal Transduction	2011
Role of glutamine in neuronal survival and death during brain ischemia and hypoglycemia. The International journal of neuroscience, 2011, Volume: 121, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Neurons	2011
CaMKII in cerebral ischemia. Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:7 Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Kinase Inhibitors	2011
A role for tumor necrosis factor-α in ischemia and ischemic preconditioning. Journal of neuroinflammation, 2011, Aug-02, Volume: 8 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Preconditioning; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Signal Transduction; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2011
Aberrant regulation and function of Src family tyrosine kinases: their potential contributions to glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2012, Volume: 39, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; src-Family Kinases; Stroke	2012
Oxaloacetate: a novel neuroprotective for acute ischemic stroke. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxaloacetic Acid; Stroke	2012
[Brain repair after ischemic stroke: role of neurotransmitters in post-ischemic neurogenesis]. Revista de neurologia, 2012, Nov-01, Volume: 55, Issue:9 Topics: Adult Stem Cells; Animals; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Movement; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Models, Neurological; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Stem Cells; Neurogenesis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Growth Factor; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Regeneration; Reperfusion Injury; Transcription Factors	2012
Excitatory amino acid neurotoxicity. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2002, Volume: 513 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction	2002
[ORP150 (150 kDa oxygen regulated protein) suppressed neuronal cell death]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cytoprotection; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Proteins	2003
Antiepileptic drugs as a possible neuroprotective strategy in brain ischemia. Annals of neurology, 2003, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channels; Cell Membrane; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neural Inhibition; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Channels; Presynaptic Terminals; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Corticotropin; Seizures; Sodium Channels	2003
Pharmacological studies supporting the therapeutic use of Ginkgo biloba extract for Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacopsychiatry, 2003, Volume: 36 Suppl 1 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cyclopentanes; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Flavones; Flavonoids; Furans; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; Lactones; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Time Factors	2003
Astrocyte mitochondrial mechanisms of ischemic brain injury and neuroprotection. Neurochemical research, 2004, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Humans; Mitochondria; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Reperfusion	2004
Molecular mechanisms of glutamate-dependent neurodegeneration in ischemia and traumatic brain injury. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 2004, Volume: 61, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2004
What is the optimal threshold for cerebral perfusion pressure following traumatic brain injury? Neurosurgical focus, 2003, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Blood Pressure; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Coma; Critical Care; Fluid Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Hypotension; Intracranial Pressure; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oximetry; Positron-Emission Tomography; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial	2003
Ischemic stroke: "acidotoxicity" is a perpetrator. Cell, 2004, Sep-17, Volume: 118, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, Glutamate; Stroke	2004
Consensus meeting on microdialysis in neurointensive care. Intensive care medicine, 2004, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Critical Care; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Injury Severity Score; Intracranial Pressure; Lactates; Microdialysis; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Sweden	2004
The protective effect of adenosine A2A receptor antagonism in cerebral ischemia. Neurological research, 2005, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Time Factors	2005
NMDA/NR2B selective antagonists in the treatment of ischemic brain injury. Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders, 2005, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Conotoxins; Drug Design; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Felbamate; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Phenylcarbamates; Piperidines; Propylene Glycols; Protein Conformation; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2005
Glutamate transporters as drug targets. Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders, 2005, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Drug Design; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Transport Proteins; Schizophrenia; Transport Vesicles	2005
[Glutamate, glutamine and ischaemia in the central nervous system]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 2005, Jun-02, Volume: 125, Issue:11 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Homeostasis; Humans; Neuroglia; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission	2005
[Glutamate in brain: transmitter and poison]. Glas. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. Odeljenje medicinskih nauka, 2002, Issue:47 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Central Nervous System; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Glutamate	2002
Glutamate-mediated glial injury: mechanisms and clinical importance. Glia, 2006, Jan-15, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroglia; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction	2006
Role of glutamate transporters in the clearance and release of glutamate during ischemia and its relation to neuronal death. Archives of medical research, 2006, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Rats; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase	2006
Glutamate-based therapeutic approaches: NR2B receptor antagonists. Current opinion in pharmacology, 2006, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Pain; Phenols; Piperidines; Protein Conformation; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2006
Apoptosis: future targets for neuroprotective strategies. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2006, Volume: 21 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Time Factors; Transforming Growth Factors; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	2006
Evolving paradigms for neuroprotection: molecular identification of ischemic penumbra. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2006, Volume: 21 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Disease Progression; DNA-Binding Proteins; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Immediate-Early; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Steroid; Stroke; Transcription Factors	2006
Functional pharmacology in human brain. Pharmacological reviews, 2006, Volume: 58, Issue:2 Topics: Acetylcholine; Alzheimer Disease; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Receptors, Adrenergic; Receptors, Cholinergic; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, Glutamate; Synaptic Transmission	2006
Microglia in cerebral ischemia: molecular actions and interactions. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2006, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chemokines; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Microglia; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Paracrine Communication; Signal Transduction	2006
Evolving therapeutic approaches to treating acute ischemic stroke. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2006, Nov-15, Volume: 249, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Catecholamines; Cell Death; Fibrinolytic Agents; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Recombinant Proteins; Reperfusion; Thrombolytic Therapy; Tissue Plasminogen Activator	2006
Molecular targets in cerebral ischemia for developing novel therapeutics. Brain research reviews, 2007, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Communication; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Oxidative Stress; Signal Transduction	2007
[Molecular mechanism of ischemic brain injuries and perspectives of drug therapies for neuroprotection]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcineurin; Calcium; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cytokines; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Immediate-Early; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Immunophilins; Mitochondria; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroprotective Agents; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; Proteins; Signal Transduction	2007
Ischemia-induced neuronal cell death and stress response. Antioxidants & redox signaling, 2007, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Central Nervous System; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Models, Biological; Neurons; Signal Transduction	2007
General versus specific actions of mild-moderate hypothermia in attenuating cerebral ischemic damage. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Hypoxia; Necrosis; Signal Transduction; Stroke	2007
Vascular dementia: pharmacological treatment approaches and perspectives. Clinical interventions in aging, 2007, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cognition; Dementia, Vascular; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Receptors, Glutamate; Treatment Outcome	2007
Features of astrocytic function apparently involved in the response of central nervous tissue to ischemia-hypoxia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1981, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Bicarbonates; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Cells, Cultured; Chlorides; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Ion Exchange; Neurons; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Rats; Sodium; Water	1981
Triggering and execution of neuronal death in brain ischaemia: two phases of glutamate release by different mechanisms. Trends in neurosciences, 1994, Volume: 17, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1994
Excitotoxicity as a stochastic process. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1995, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Protons; Rats; Stochastic Processes	1995
Blockade of glutamate excitotoxicity and its clinical applications. Neurochemical research, 1993, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Neurons	1993
[Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage and glutamic acid]. Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology], 1994, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Receptors, Glutamate	1994
Inhibition of glutamate release: a possible mechanism of hypothermic neuroprotection. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 1995, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Treatment Outcome	1995
Reactions of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite with superoxide dismutase in neurodegeneration. Progress in brain research, 1994, Volume: 103 Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cattle; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Macrophages; Models, Neurological; Molecular Structure; Motor Neurons; Myocardial Ischemia; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides	1994
Clinical experience with excitatory amino acid antagonist drugs. Stroke, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Magnesium; Neuroprotective Agents; Polyamines; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers	1995
[What is reliable in therapy of acute cerebral ischemia?]. Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 1993, Volume: 82 Suppl 5 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cortical Spreading Depression; Emergencies; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Oxygen Consumption; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1993
Exocytosis, calcium oscillations, and novel glutamate release blockers as resolved by rapid superfusion. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1994, Mar-09, Volume: 710 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Exocytosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; Models, Neurological; Oscillometry; Perfusion; Rats; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Synaptosomes; Venoms	1994
Neurochemical and biophysical assessment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Seminars in perinatology, 1994, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Norepinephrine; Purines	1994
Glutamate-mediated injury in focal cerebral ischemia: the excitotoxin hypothesis revised. Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 1994, Volume: 4, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Mice; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Oxygen Consumption; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1994
Stimulus-transcription coupling in focal cerebral ischemia. Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 1994, Volume: 4, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Base Sequence; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cortical Spreading Depression; Deoxyglucose; Energy Metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Genes, jun; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Transcription, Genetic	1994
[Clinical significance of delayed nerve cell death]. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine, 1994, May-10, Volume: 83, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons	1994
Neuron-glial interaction during injury and edema of the CNS. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 1994, Volume: 60 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cell Communication; Cell Survival; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Neuroglia; Neurons; Water-Electrolyte Balance	1994
Possible involvement of c-fos translational regulation in the interaction between glutamate and neurotrophic factors in brain ischemia. Progress in brain research, 1993, Volume: 96 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Biosynthesis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos	1993
Potential new therapies for perinatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Clinics in perinatology, 1993, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Free Radical Scavengers; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Infant, Newborn; Primary Prevention	1993
Origins of glutamate release in ischaemia. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 1996, Volume: 66 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted	1996
Excitotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases. Current opinion in neurology, 1995, Volume: 8, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Nervous System Diseases	1995
Ischemic disruption of glutamate homeostasis in brain: quantitative immunocytochemical analyses. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 1996, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cell Compartmentation; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Linear Models; Microscopy, Immunoelectron; Reference Values	1996
The role of glutamate transporters in glutamate homeostasis in the brain. The Journal of experimental biology, 1997, Volume: 200, Issue:Pt 2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Chloride Channels; Cloning, Molecular; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia, Brain; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Potassium; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Synaptic Transmission	1997
Cell culture studies of the role of elevated extracellular glutamate and K+ in neuronal cell death during and after anoxia/ischemia. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 1997, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Potassium	1997
Neuroprotective drug development in stroke: blood pressure and its impact. Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension, 1996, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents	1996
Roles of phospholipases A2 in brain cell and tissue injury associated with ischemia and excitotoxicity. Journal of lipid mediators and cell signalling, 1997, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Rats	1997
Pathogenesis of decreased glucose turnover and oxidative phosphorylation in ischemic and trauma-induced dementia of the Alzheimer type. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1997, Sep-26, Volume: 826 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heat Stroke; Humans; Mitochondria; Oxidative Phosphorylation	1997
Effects of combined glutamate and platelet-activating factor inhibition on the outcome of focal cerebral ischaemia - an initial screening study. Metabolic brain disease, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Drug Combinations; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Male; Movement Disorders; Neuroprotective Agents; Periaqueductal Gray; Piperazines; Platelet Activating Factor; Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Sodium Channel Blockers; Time Factors	1997
Toward the development of strategies to prevent ischemic neuronal injury. In vitro studies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1997, Oct-15, Volume: 825 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebellum; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Transcription, Genetic	1997
Glutamate in neurologic diseases. Journal of child neurology, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Child; Child Development; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1997
Pharmacotherapy of cerebral ischemia in cocaine dependence. Drug and alcohol dependence, 1998, Jan-01, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Aspirin; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Cognition Disorders; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neuropsychological Tests; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Radionuclide Imaging; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome	1998
Mechanisms of neuronal damage in brain hypoxia/ischemia: focus on the role of mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 1998, Volume: 80, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mitochondria; Models, Neurological; Neurons	1998
Ca2+ channel antagonists and neuroprotection from cerebral ischemia. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Dec-11, Volume: 363, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents	1998
Glutamate in the human brain: possible roles in synaptic transmission and ischemia. Progress in brain research, 1998, Volume: 116 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Synaptic Transmission	1998
Oxidative stress in brain ischemia. Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 1999, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; DNA Damage; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Oxidative Stress; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Reactive Oxygen Species	1999
Reducing calcium overload in the ischemic brain. The New England journal of medicine, 1999, Nov-11, Volume: 341, Issue:20 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Gelsolin; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1999
Neuronal and endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene knockout mice. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas, 1999, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cyclic GMP; Endothelium, Vascular; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Myocardial Contraction; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Tunica Intima	1999
Brain uptake of glutamate: food for thought. The Journal of nutrition, 2000, Volume: 130, Issue:4S Suppl Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Anions; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Tissue Distribution	2000
Delayed neuronal death. Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology, 2000, Volume: 20 Suppl Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Cells; Time Factors	2000
Neuronal apoptosis after CNS injury: the roles of glutamate and calcium. Journal of neurotrauma, 2000, Volume: 17, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins	2000
Neurobiology of hypoxic-ischemic injury in the developing brain. Pediatric research, 2001, Volume: 49, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Palsy; Fetal Hypoxia; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Mitochondria; Nerve Degeneration	2001
[Molecular biology of cerebral ischemia]. No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery, 2001, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Signal Transduction; Stem Cells	2001
Glutamate release and neuronal damage in ischemia. Life sciences, 2001, Jun-15, Volume: 69, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Reperfusion; Synaptic Transmission	2001
Plasticity of the hippocampus: adaptation to chronic stress and allostatic load. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2001, Volume: 933 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adrenal Cortex; Aging; Animals; Atrophy; Brain Ischemia; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythm; Dendrites; Dentate Gyrus; Depression; Estrogens; Female; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Memory Disorders; Models, Animal; Neuralgia; Neurons; Pain; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Rats; Restraint, Physical; Seizures; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Stress, Physiological; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2001
Do NMDA antagonists prevent neuronal injury? No. Archives of neurology, 1992, Volume: 49, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1992
[Calcium ion, excitatory amino acid and ischemic brain damage]. Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology], 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channels; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Synapses	1992
Prevention of post-traumatic excitotoxic brain damage with NMDA antagonist drugs: a new strategy for the nineties. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 1992, Volume: 55 Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Central Nervous System Agents; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Retrograde Degeneration	1992
Ultrastructural immunocytochemical observations on the localization, metabolism and transport of glutamate in normal and ischemic brain tissue. Progress in brain research, 1992, Volume: 94 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycoproteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Rats	1992
Glutamate as an energy substrate for neuronal-astrocytic interactions. Progress in brain research, 1992, Volume: 94 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cell Communication; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Neurons; Oxidation-Reduction; Potassium; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1992
Platelet secretory products may contribute to neuronal injury. Stroke, 1991, Volume: 22, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Blood Platelets; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Gliosis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Neurons; Platelet Aggregation; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic; Serotonin	1991
Autoradiographic assessment of the effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists in vivo. Neurochemical research, 1991, Volume: 16, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Ischemia; Deoxyglucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1991
Neurocytotoxicity: pharmacological implications. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 1991, Volume: 5, Issue:9 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Energy Metabolism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter	1991
The role of glutamate neurotoxicity in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death. Annual review of neuroscience, 1990, Volume: 13 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Neurotoxins	1990
Potential therapeutic uses of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists in cerebral ischemia. Clinical neuropharmacology, 1990, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; N-Methylaspartate; Nervous System; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter	1990
Ammon's horn sclerosis: its pathogenesis and clinical significance. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 1990, Volume: 161 Suppl Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Hypoxia; Kainic Acid; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Sclerosis; Status Epilepticus; Synaptic Transmission; Temporal Lobe; Terminology as Topic	1990
Can we reverse ischemic penumbra? Some mechanisms in the pathophysiology of energy-compromised brain tissue. Clinical neuropharmacology, 1990, Volume: 13 Suppl 3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotoxins	1990
Glutamate and the pathophysiology of hypoxic--ischemic brain damage. Annals of neurology, 1986, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cats; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cortical Spreading Depression; Dipeptides; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothalamic Diseases; Hypoxia, Brain; Ion Channels; Mice; Rabbits; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Retinal Degeneration; Synaptic Transmission	1986
Historical overview. Calcium, ischemia, and death of brain cells. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1988, Volume: 522 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Survival; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ion Channels	1988
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists: ready for clinical trial in brain ischemia? Annals of neurology, 1989, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Clinical Trials as Topic; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission	1989
Possible therapeutic applications of antagonists of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 1985, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Huntington Disease; Mice; Movement Disorders; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotransmitter Agents; Parkinson Disease; Rats	1985
Neurochemical correlates to selective neuronal vulnerability. Progress in brain research, 1985, Volume: 63 Topics: Adenosine; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Models, Biological; Neural Inhibition; Neurochemistry; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Parasympathomimetics; Quinolinic Acid; Quinolinic Acids; Rats	1985

Trials

10 trial(s) available for glutamic acid and Brain Ischemia

Article	Year
Plasma Amino Acid Neurotransmitters and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Multicenter Prospective Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2023, Volume: 118, Issue:4 Topics: Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Cohort Studies; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Stroke	2023
[A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of ampasse in the treatment of chronic cerebral ischemia]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 2019, Volume: 119, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Brain Ischemia; Chronic Disease; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome	2019
Effect of hyperventilation on extracellular concentrations of glutamate, lactate, pyruvate, and local cerebral blood flow in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Critical care medicine, 2002, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperventilation; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Prospective Studies; Pyruvic Acid; Regional Blood Flow; Respiration, Artificial; Time Factors	2002
Cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a correlative microdialysis-PET study. Stroke, 2004, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Pyruvic Acid; Sensitivity and Specificity; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Vasospasm, Intracranial	2004
Relationships between cerebrospinal fluid markers of excitotoxicity, ischemia, and oxidative damage after severe TBI: the impact of gender, age, and hypothermia. Journal of neurotrauma, 2004, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Biomarkers; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; F2-Isoprostanes; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Lactic Acid; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Neurotoxins; Oxidative Stress; Sex Factors	2004
Glucose-induced decrease in glutamate levels in ischemic human brain by in-vivo microdialysis. Neuroscience letters, 1996, May-17, Volume: 209, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microdialysis	1996
Increased detectability of alpha brain glutamate/glutamine in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2000, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Follow-Up Studies; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy	2000
Body iron stores and early neurologic deterioration in acute cerebral infarction. Neurology, 2000, Apr-25, Volume: 54, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Female; Ferritins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Iron; Logistic Models; Male; Odds Ratio; Predictive Value of Tests; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	2000
Cerebral microdialysis monitoring: determination of normal and ischemic cerebral metabolisms in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of neurosurgery, 2000, Volume: 93, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain; Brain Death; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Angiography; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pyruvic Acid; Stroke; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2000
N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists: ready for clinical trial in brain ischemia? Annals of neurology, 1989, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Clinical Trials as Topic; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Neurological; N-Methylaspartate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission	1989

Other Studies

668 other study(ies) available for glutamic acid and Brain Ischemia

Article	Year
Smoothened is a therapeutic target for reducing glutamate toxicity in ischemic stroke. Science translational medicine, 2021, Sep-08, Volume: 13, Issue:610 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Stroke	2021
A beneficial role for elevated extracellular glutamate in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and cerebral ischemia. BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology, 2021, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2021
A Novel Phenylpyrrolidine Derivative: Synthesis and Effect on Cognitive Functions in Rats with Experimental Ishemic Stroke. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021, Oct-11, Volume: 26, Issue:20 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Stroke; Male; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Primary Cell Culture; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke	2021
Sulbactam improves binding property and uptake capacity of glutamate transporter-1 and decreases glutamate concentration in the CA1 region of hippocampus of global brain ischemic rats. Amino acids, 2021, Volume: 53, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neurons; Protein Binding; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulbactam	2021
Questioning Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Acute Brain Damage: The Importance of Spreading Depolarization. Neurocritical care, 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:Suppl 1 Topics: Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemia	2022
Calcitriol Pretreatment Attenuates Glutamate Neurotoxicity by Regulating NMDAR and CYP46A1 Gene Expression in Rats Subjected to Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2022, 03-29, Volume: 81, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcitriol; Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemia; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke	2022
PKCα phosphorylation of GLT-1 at Ser562/563 induces glutamate excitotoxicity in ischemia in mice. Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2022, 03-23, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Mice; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase C-alpha	2022
SAM, a cystathionine beta-synthase activator, promotes hydrogen sulfide to promote neural repair resulting from massive cerebral infarction induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Metabolic brain disease, 2022, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cystathionine beta-Synthase; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Oxygen; PC12 Cells; Rats; Reperfusion Injury	2022
Evaluation of Serum Ferritin as a Prognostic Marker in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients-A Prospective Cohort Study. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 2022, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ferritins; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemia; Ischemic Stroke; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Treatment Outcome	2022
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase - Predictor in Detection of Early Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 2022, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Stroke	2022
Possible Involvement of DNA Methylation and Protective Effect of Zebularine on Neuronal Cell Death after Glutamate Excitotoxity. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2022, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cytidine; DNA Methylation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Small Interfering	2022
Erinacine A attenuates glutamate transporter 1 downregulation and protects against ischemic brain injury. Life sciences, 2022, Oct-01, Volume: 306 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Diterpenes; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Mice	2022
The effects of hypothermia on glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid metabolism during ischemia in monkeys: a repeated-measures ANOVA study. Scientific reports, 2022, 08-25, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Ischemia; Ischemic Stroke; Neurotransmitter Agents	2022
Obesity induces extracellular vesicle release from the endothelium as a contributor to brain damage after cerebral ischemia in rats. Nutritional neuroscience, 2023, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cytokines; Endothelial Cells; Endothelium; Extracellular Vesicles; Glutamic Acid; Obesity; Rats	2023
Insights into the role of pERK1/2 signaling in post-cerebral ischemia reperfusion sexual dysfunction in rats. European journal of pharmacology, 2022, Oct-15, Volume: 933 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cerebral Infarction; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion; Reperfusion Injury; Testosterone	2022
Cilostazol Alleviates NLRP3 Inflammasome-Induced Allodynia/Hyperalgesia in Murine Cerebral Cortex Following Transient Ischemia: Focus on TRPA1/Glutamate and Akt/Dopamine/BDNF/Nrf2 Trajectories. Molecular neurobiology, 2022, Volume: 59, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Carrier Proteins; Cerebral Cortex; Cilostazol; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammasomes; Ischemia; Mice; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2022
Retinoic Acid Prevents the Neuronal Damage Through the Regulation of Parvalbumin in an Ischemic Stroke Model. Neurochemical research, 2023, Volume: 48, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Stroke; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tretinoin	2023
Tonic extracellular glutamate and ischaemia: glutamate antiporter system x The Journal of physiology, 2023, Volume: 601, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antiporters; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Ischemia; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Oxygen; Stroke	2023
Substantially elevated serum glutamate and CSF GOT-1 levels associated with cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. Scientific reports, 2023, 03-31, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Hypertension; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Transaminases; Vasospasm, Intracranial	2023
Experimental Substantiation of the Use of Phenibut Combinations with Salicylic, Nicotinic, and Glutamic Acids in Cerebral Ischemia. Neurocritical care, 2023, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2023
Retinoic Acid Has Neuroprotective effects by Modulating Thioredoxin in Ischemic Brain Damage and Glutamate-exposed Neurons. Neuroscience, 2023, 06-15, Volume: 521 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thioredoxins; Tretinoin	2023
Early brain metabolic disturbances associated with delayed cerebral ischemia in patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2023, Volume: 43, Issue:11 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Pyruvic Acid; Retrospective Studies; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2023
Addressing the alterations in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury on the brain mitochondrial activity: A possible link to cognitive decline. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2019, 10-08, Volume: 518, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cognitive Dysfunction; Electron Transport; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitochondria; Oxidative Stress; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2019
Targeting PFKFB3 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Scientific reports, 2019, 08-12, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: A549 Cells; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fructosediphosphates; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Humans; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Phosphofructokinase-1; Phosphofructokinase-2; Primary Cell Culture; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Proteolysis; Psychomotor Performance; Pyridines; Pyrrolidines; Reperfusion Injury	2019
The selective BDNF overexpression in neurons protects neuroglial networks against OGD and glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. The International journal of neuroscience, 2020, Volume: 130, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction	2020
Quercetin Attenuates Decrease of Thioredoxin Expression Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Glutamate-induced Neuronal Cell Damage. Neuroscience, 2020, 01-21, Volume: 428 Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Quercetin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thioredoxins	2020
Downregulation of Microrna-421 Relieves Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuries: Involvement of Anti-apoptotic and Antioxidant Activities. Neuromolecular medicine, 2020, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antagomirs; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Down-Regulation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury	2020
Baicalin combats glutamate excitotoxicity via protecting glutamine synthetase from ROS-induced 20S proteasomal degradation. Redox biology, 2020, Volume: 34 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Flavonoids; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stroke	2020
Brain to blood efflux as a mechanism underlying the neuroprotection mediated by rapid remote preconditioning in brain ischemia. Molecular biology reports, 2020, Volume: 47, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2020
Cerebral nitric oxide and mitochondrial function in patients suffering aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-a translational approach. Acta neurochirurgica, 2021, Volume: 163, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrum; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Nitric Oxide; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2021
Inhibition of endogenous blood glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase enhances the ischemic damage. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 2021, Volume: 230 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cloning, Molecular; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Glutamic Acid; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Lactic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2021
Role of HMGB1/TLR4 Axis in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Impaired Extracellular Glutamate Clearance in Primary Astrocytes. Cells, 2020, 12-03, Volume: 9, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Conditioned; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Glutamic Acid; HMGB1 Protein; Neurons; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Toll-Like Receptor 4	2020
Glutamate-induced modulation in energy metabolism contributes to protection of rat cortical slices against ischemia-induced damage. Neuroreport, 2021, 01-13, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Ketoglutaric Acids; Lactic Acid; Neostriatum; Pyruvic Acid; Rats	2021
Effective glutamate clearance from the systemic circulation by hemodialysis: Potential relevance for cerebral ischemia management. Artificial organs, 2021, Volume: 45, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Brain Ischemia; Fasting; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hemodiafiltration; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis	2021
Longitudinal tracing of neurochemical metabolic disorders in working memory neural circuit and optogenetics modulation in rats with vascular cognitive impairment. Brain research bulletin, 2021, Volume: 170 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Choline; Cognitive Dysfunction; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Memory, Short-Term; Metabolic Diseases; Neural Pathways; Optogenetics; Rats; White Matter	2021
Neuroprotective effects of Senkyunolide I against glutamate-induced cells death by attenuating JNK/caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2021, Volume: 140 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Benzofurans; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Neuroblastoma; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Reperfusion Injury; Signal Transduction	2021
Epigallocatechin Gallate Alleviates Down-Regulation of Thioredoxin in Ischemic Brain Damage and Glutamate-Exposed Neuron. Neurochemical research, 2021, Volume: 46, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Catechin; Cell Line, Transformed; Down-Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Thioredoxins	2021
A new insight into the ability to resist Ischemic brain injury: Does hibernation matter?: An Editorial comment for 'Arctic ground squirrel hippocampus tolerates oxygen glucose deprivation independent of hibernation season even when not hibernating and aft Journal of neurochemistry, 2017, Volume: 142, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hibernation; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Sciuridae; Seasons	2017
The combination of plasma glutamate and physical impairment after acute stroke as a potential indicator for the early-onset post-stroke depression. Journal of psychosomatic research, 2017, Volume: 96 Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Brain Ischemia; Depression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Prognosis; Stroke	2017
A non-ionotropic activity of NMDA receptors contributes to glycine-induced neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Scientific reports, 2017, 06-15, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neuroprotection; Protein Binding; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Severity of Illness Index	2017
TRPV4 channels contribute to calcium transients in astrocytes and neurons during peri-infarct depolarizations in a stroke model. Glia, 2017, Volume: 65, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Aquaporin 4; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Connexin 43; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons; Stroke; TRPV Cation Channels	2017
The erythropoietin-derived peptide MK-X and erythropoietin have neuroprotective effects against ischemic brain damage. Cell death & disease, 2017, 08-17, Volume: 8, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Embryo, Mammalian; Erythropoietin; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Janus Kinase 2; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Middle Cerebral Artery; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptides; Permeability; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Primary Cell Culture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke	2017
Ceftriaxone- and N-acetylcysteine-induced brain tolerance to ischemia: Influence on glutamate levels in focal cerebral ischemia. PloS one, 2017, Volume: 12, Issue:10 Topics: Acetylcysteine; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Ceftriaxone; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Rats; Synaptic Transmission	2017
The administration of hydrogen sulphide prior to ischemic reperfusion has neuroprotective effects in an acute stroke model. PloS one, 2017, Volume: 12, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke; Taurine	2017
Determination of the Target Temperature Required to Block Increases in Extracellular Glutamate Levels During Intraischemic Hypothermia. Therapeutic hypothermia and temperature management, 2018, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2018
[Protective effects of Ginkgo Terpene Lactones Meglumine Injection on focal cerebral ischemia in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2017, Volume: 42, Issue:24 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Creatine Kinase, BB Form; Ginkgo biloba; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Lactic Acid; Lactones; Male; Malondialdehyde; Meglumine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase; Terpenes	2017
Therapeutic window for YC‑1 following glutamate‑induced neuronal damage and transient focal cerebral ischemia. Molecular medicine reports, 2018, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cytoprotection; Glutamic Acid; Indazoles; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2018
Changes in the hippocampal and peripheral phospholipid profiles are associated with neurodegeneration hallmarks in a long-term global cerebral ischemia model: Attenuation by Linalool. Neuropharmacology, 2018, Volume: 135 Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Monoterpenes; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Phospholipids; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function	2018
Glutamate metabolism in cerebral mitochondria after ischemia and post-ischemic recovery during aging: relationships with brain energy metabolism. Journal of neurochemistry, 2018, Volume: 146, Issue:4 Topics: Aging; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Electron Transport Complex IV; Energy Metabolism; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitochondria; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recovery of Function; Synaptosomes; Time Factors	2018
[Ghrelin protects against hippocampal injury after global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and regulate glutamic acid/γ-aminobutyric acid sensitive neuron discharge] Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue, 2016, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ghrelin; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Protective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury	2016
NEUROPROTECTIVE ACTION OF PHENIBUT AND NEUROGLUTAM IN EXPERIMENTAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA ON THE BACKGROUND OF ALTERED IMMUNOREACTIVITY. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2016, Volume: 79, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cyclosporine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunity, Innate; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ligation; Lipopolysaccharides; Locomotion; Male; Muscle Strength; Myelin Basic Protein; Neuroprotective Agents; Orientation, Spatial; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Rats; Survival Analysis	2016
Molecular mechanism of estrogen-mediated neuroprotection in the relief of brain ischemic injury. BMC genetics, 2018, 07-20, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: ADAM17 Protein; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium Channels; Databases, Genetic; Estrogens; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Glycoproteins; MicroRNAs; Neuroprotection; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Transcriptome	2018
Chemogenetic activation of glutamatergic neurons in the motor cortex promotes functional recovery after ischemic stroke in rats. Behavioural brain research, 2019, 02-01, Volume: 359 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Male; Motor Activity; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Stroke	2019
Neuroprotective effects of midazolam on focal cerebral ischemia in rats through anti‑apoptotic mechanisms. International journal of molecular medicine, 2019, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Midazolam; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2019
Blood glutamate EAAT EBioMedicine, 2019, Volume: 39 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Rats; Transfection	2019
The mechanism of GLT-1 mediating cerebral ischemic injury depends on the activation of p38 MAPK. Brain research bulletin, 2019, Volume: 147 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Death; Coculture Techniques; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Imidazoles; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Neurons; Oxygen; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction	2019
Glutamate-Releasing SWELL1 Channel in Astrocytes Modulates Synaptic Transmission and Promotes Brain Damage in Stroke. Neuron, 2019, 05-22, Volume: 102, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Size; Gene Knockout Techniques; Glutamic Acid; HEK293 Cells; HeLa Cells; Humans; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Membrane Proteins; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mice, Knockout; Pyramidal Cells; Stroke; Synaptic Transmission	2019
miR-124 upregulates astrocytic glutamate transporter-1 via the Akt and mTOR signaling pathway post ischemic stroke. Brain research bulletin, 2019, Volume: 149 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; MicroRNAs; Neurons; Primary Cell Culture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Signal Transduction; Stroke; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases	2019
Chronic Unexpected Mild Stress Destroys Synaptic Plasticity of Neurons through a Glutamate Transporter, GLT-1, of Astrocytes in the Ischemic Stroke Rat. Neural plasticity, 2019, Volume: 2019 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Psychological; Stroke	2019
The Importance of Probe Location for the Interpretation of Cerebral Microdialysis Data in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients. Neurocritical care, 2020, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aneurysm, Ruptured; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cohort Studies; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Aneurysm; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Monitoring, Physiologic; Prospective Studies; Pyruvic Acid; Retrospective Studies; Stress, Physiological; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2020
Quercetin alleviates the injury-induced decrease of protein phosphatase 2A subunit B in cerebral ischemic animal model and glutamate-exposed HT22 cells. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2019, Jul-19, Volume: 81, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Phosphatase 2; Quercetin; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2019
Astrocytic connexin 43 potentiates myelin injury in ischemic white matter disease. Theranostics, 2019, Volume: 9, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Astrocytes; Axons; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Stenosis; Connexin 43; Erythrocytes; Gap Junctions; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Leukoencephalopathies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microglia; Myelin Sheath; Perfusion; Ranvier's Nodes; White Matter	2019
AGO CLIP Reveals an Activated Network for Acute Regulation of Brain Glutamate Homeostasis in Ischemic Stroke. Cell reports, 2019, 07-23, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Argonaute Proteins; Base Sequence; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cross-Linking Reagents; Down-Regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Immunoprecipitation; Mice, Inbred C57BL; MicroRNAs; Models, Biological; Neuroglia; Oxygen; Polymorphism, Genetic; Signal Transduction; Stroke; Time Factors	2019
Temporal effect of acupuncture on amino acid neurotransmitters in rats with acute cerebral ischaemia. Acupuncture in medicine : journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society, 2019, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2019
Delayed post-conditioning reduces post-ischemic glutamate level and improves protein synthesis in brain. Neurochemistry international, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebral Cortex; Dentate Gyrus; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Ischemic Postconditioning; Male; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion	2013
Neuronal excitotoxicity after carotid angioplasty and stent placement procedures. Radiology, 2013, Volume: 268, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Angioplasty; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Stenosis; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Angiography; Chi-Square Distribution; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stents; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial	2013
Cerebral ischemic injury is enhanced in a model of oculodentodigital dysplasia. Neuropharmacology, 2013, Volume: 75 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Connexin 43; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Eye Abnormalities; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Neurons; Serine; Syndactyly; Tooth Abnormalities	2013
Fluoxetine and citalopram decrease microglial release of glutamate and D-serine to promote cortical neuronal viability following ischemic insult. Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 2013, Volume: 56 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Citalopram; Coculture Techniques; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-1beta; Isomerism; Microglia; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serine; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2013
Neuroprotection by bilobalide in ischemia: improvement of mitochondrial function. Die Pharmazie, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cyclopentanes; Female; Furans; Ginkgolides; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Mice; Microdialysis; Mitochondria; Neostriatum; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Permeability	2013
Safety and efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in acute experimental ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2013, Volume: 44, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Electrodes; Glutamic Acid; Inflammation; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Stroke	2013
Generalized periodic discharges after acute cerebral ischemia: reflection of selective synaptic failure? Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2014, Volume: 125, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Adult; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Synchronization; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Interneurons; Models, Neurological; Pyramidal Cells; Synapses	2014
[Physiological response to stress caused by neuronal damage]. Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica, 2013, Volume: 142, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Diabetes Mellitus; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Neurons; Risk Factors	2013
Hyperthermia in human ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: similar outcome, different mechanisms. PloS one, 2013, Volume: 8, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Fever; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke	2013
Small molecule glutaminase inhibitors block glutamate release from stimulated microglia. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2014, Jan-03, Volume: 443, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS Dementia Complex; Animals; Biological Assay; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Glutaminase; Mice; Microglia; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuroprotective Agents; Small Molecule Libraries; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; Toll-Like Receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2014
Daphnetin, a natural coumarin derivative, provides the neuroprotection against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT22 cells and ischemic brain injury. Neurochemical research, 2014, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Umbelliferones	2014
Melatonin improves neuroplasticity by upregulating the growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and NMDAR postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) proteins in cultured neurons exposed to glutamate excitotoxicity and in rats subjected to transient focal cerebral isch Journal of pineal research, 2014, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; GAP-43 Protein; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Melatonin; Membrane Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Up-Regulation	2014
Sustained Na+/H+ exchanger activation promotes gliotransmitter release from reactive hippocampal astrocytes following oxygen-glucose deprivation. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cation Transport Proteins; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen; Primary Cell Culture; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 1; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Up-Regulation	2014
Neuroprotective effects of a novel single compound 1-methoxyoctadecan-1-ol isolated from Uncaria sinensis in primary cortical neurons and a photothrombotic ischemia model. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fatty Alcohols; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Imidazoles; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Photochemical Processes; Primary Cell Culture; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; Pyridines; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Thrombosis; Uncaria	2014
JM-20, a novel benzodiazepine–dihydropyridine hybrid molecule, protects mitochondria and prevents ischemic insult-mediated neural cell death in vitro. European journal of pharmacology, 2014, Mar-05, Volume: 726 Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cerebellum; Cytochromes c; Dihydropyridines; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrolysis; Liver; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases; Mitochondrial Swelling; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Niacin; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Pentylenetetrazole; Phosphates; Potassium Cyanide; Rats; Stroke	2014
Severity of middle cerebral artery occlusion determines retinal deficits in rats. Experimental neurology, 2014, Volume: 254 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electroretinography; Extracellular Space; Eye; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Retinal Diseases; Severity of Illness Index; Signal Transduction	2014
Effects of catalpol on ATPase and amino acids in gerbils with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2014, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cell Membrane; Constriction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Female; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Iridoid Glucosides; Male; Models, Animal; Molecular Structure; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Premedication; Reperfusion Injury; Single-Blind Method	2014
Characterization of Gcf2/Lrrfip1 in experimental cerebral ischemia and its role as a modulator of Akt, mTOR and β-catenin signaling pathways. Neuroscience, 2014, May-30, Volume: 268 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; beta Catenin; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; RNA Isoforms; RNA-Binding Proteins; Signal Transduction; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Up-Regulation	2014
Disruption of the nuclear p53-GAPDH complex protects against ischemia-induced neuronal damage. Molecular brain, 2014, Mar-27, Volume: 7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Nucleus; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nuclear Proteins; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases	2014
Capillary pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow in health and disease. Nature, 2014, Apr-03, Volume: 508, Issue:7494 Topics: Animals; Arterioles; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Capillaries; Cell Death; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dinoprostone; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Functional Neuroimaging; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitric Oxide; Pericytes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Stroke; Vasoconstriction; Vasodilation	2014
[Effect of a new derivative of glutamic and apovincaminic acids on brain metabolism in post-ischemic period]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2014, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Lactic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Reperfusion Injury; Vinca Alkaloids	2014
Bedside diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta neurologica Scandinavica, 2014, Volume: 130, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Pyruvic Acid; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2014
Hippocampus and cerebral cortex present a different autophagic response after oxygen and glucose deprivation in an ex vivo rat brain slice model. Neuropathology and applied neurobiology, 2015, Volume: 41, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke	2015
Up-regulation of brain-enriched miR-107 promotes excitatory neurotoxicity through down-regulation of glutamate transporter-1 expression following ischaemic stroke. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2014, Volume: 127, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; MicroRNAs; Middle Aged; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA Interference; RNA, Antisense; Stroke; Up-Regulation	2014
The cystine/glutamate antiporter: when too much of a good thing goes bad. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2014, Volume: 124, Issue:8 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System y+; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid	2014
Extrasynaptic glutamate release through cystine/glutamate antiporter contributes to ischemic damage. The Journal of clinical investigation, 2014, Volume: 124, Issue:8 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System y+; Animals; Benzoates; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Ion Channel Gating; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Knockout; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins	2014
Effect of ligustrazine on levels of amino acid neurotransmitters in rat striatum after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Journal of Asian natural products research, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:11 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Microdialysis; Molecular Structure; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pyrazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Taurine; Time Factors	2014
High plasma glutamate levels are associated with poor functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2015, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Stroke; Treatment Outcome	2015
Estradiol alleviates the ischemic brain injury-induced decrease of neuronal calcium sensor protein hippocalcin. Neuroscience letters, 2014, Oct-17, Volume: 582 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Estradiol; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocalcin; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Mice; Necrosis; Neurons; Proteome; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2014
Neuroprotective effects of daphnetin against NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2014, Sep-15, Volume: 19, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Primary Cell Culture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Umbelliferones	2014
Ceftriaxone modulates uptake activity of glial glutamate transporter-1 against global brain ischemia in rats. Journal of neurochemistry, 2015, Volume: 132, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Ceftriaxone; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Knockdown Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Pyramidal Cells; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Up-Regulation	2015
[Neuroprotective effect of neuroglutam under conditions of activated free radical oxidation]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2014, Volume: 77, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line, Tumor; Erythrocytes; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Hemolysis; Humans; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxidopamine; Rats; Superoxide Dismutase; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances	2014
[Studying the neuroprotective effect of the novel glutamic acid derivative neiroglutam on focal cerebral ischemia in rats]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2014, Volume: 77, Issue:9 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Drug Administration Schedule; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Severity of Illness Index	2014
The dichotomy of memantine treatment for ischemic stroke: dose-dependent protective and detrimental effects. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2015, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Corpus Striatum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Memantine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Stroke; Time Factors	2015
Ultrasound-enhanced protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; High-Energy Shock Waves; Interleukin-8; Ligusticum; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; PC12 Cells; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Pyrazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vasodilator Agents	2014
Ischemic tolerance in an in vivo model of glutamate preconditioning. Journal of neuroscience research, 2015, Volume: 93, Issue:4 Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Receptors, Glutamate; Ubiquitin	2015
Purine receptors are required for DHA-mediated neuroprotection against oxygen and glucose deprivation in hippocampal slices. Purinergic signalling, 2015, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists; Receptors, Purinergic	2015
Pinocembrin attenuates hippocampal inflammation, oxidative perturbations and apoptosis in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2015, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Stenosis; Cerebral Infarction; Flavanones; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hippocampus; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2015
Brain ischemia downregulates the neuroprotective GDNF-Ret signaling by a calpain-dependent mechanism in cultured hippocampal neurons. Cell death & disease, 2015, Feb-12, Volume: 6 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Cells, Cultured; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; Rats; Signal Transduction	2015
Synthesis and Evaluation of 3-(furo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-maleimides as Novel GSK-3β Inhibitors and Anti-Ischemic Agents. Chemical biology & drug design, 2015, Volume: 86, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Maleimides; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Structure-Activity Relationship	2015
Ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning alleviates hippocampal tissue damage through abrogation of apoptosis modulated by oxidative stress and inflammation during transient global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Chemico-biological interactions, 2015, May-05, Volume: 232 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Encephalitis; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Postconditioning; Ischemic Preconditioning; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2015
In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a potent opioid receptor agonist, biphalin, compared to subtype-selective opioid receptor agonists for stroke treatment. Brain research, 2015, Jun-03, Volume: 1609 Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Analgesics, Opioid; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Glutamic Acid; Ischemia; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reperfusion Injury; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke	2015
Hydrogen-rich water protects against ischemic brain injury in rats by regulating calcium buffering proteins. Brain research, 2015, Jul-30, Volume: 1615 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Hippocalcin; Hydrogen; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Parvalbumins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Water	2015
Analysis of Cynandione A's Anti-Ischemic Stroke Effects from Pathways and Protein-Protein Interactome. PloS one, 2015, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biphenyl Compounds; Brain Ischemia; Gene Regulatory Networks; Glutamic Acid; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neurotoxins; PC12 Cells; Protein Interaction Mapping; Proteomics; Rats; Signal Transduction; Stroke	2015
Reduced severity of ischemic stroke and improvement of mitochondrial function after dietary treatment with the anaplerotic substance triheptanoin. Neuroscience, 2015, Aug-06, Volume: 300 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport; Fatty Acids; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Mice; Mitochondria; Motor Activity; Oxygen Consumption; Severity of Illness Index; Stroke; Triglycerides	2015
Inhibition of connexin43 improves functional recovery after ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Glia, 2015, Volume: 63, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Connexin 43; Connexins; Disease Models, Animal; Gliosis; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Motor Activity; Muscle Strength; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Peptides; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Spatial Memory	2015
GLU298ASP and 4G/5G Polymorphisms and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Individuals. The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques, 2015, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Case-Control Studies; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mexico; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Polymorphism, Genetic; Stroke	2015
Gephyrin Cleavage in In Vitro Brain Ischemia Decreases GABAA Receptor Clustering and Contributes to Neuronal Death. Molecular neurobiology, 2016, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Carrier Proteins; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulation; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Oxygen; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Synapses	2016
Beneficial Effects of Polygonum multiflorum on Hippocampal Neuronal Cells and Mouse Focal Cerebral Ischemia. The American journal of Chinese medicine, 2015, Volume: 43, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Fallopia multiflora; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Phosphorylation; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Reactive Oxygen Species; Water	2015
Dexmedetomidine prevents post-ischemic LTP via presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms. Brain research, 2015, Oct-05, Volume: 1622 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dexmedetomidine; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Long-Term Potentiation; Miniature Postsynaptic Potentials; Neuroprotective Agents; Norepinephrine; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapses; Tissue Culture Techniques	2015
Time-Dependent Protection of CB2 Receptor Agonist in Stroke. PloS one, 2015, Volume: 10, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Cannabinoids; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microfilament Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Pioglitazone; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; RNA, Messenger; Stroke; Thiazolidinediones; Time Factors; Toll-Like Receptor 4	2015
Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effects of Neuroglutam in Cerebral Ischemia. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2015, Volume: 159, Issue:3 Topics: Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidative Stress	2015
Inhibition of p53 attenuates ischemic stress-induced activation of astrocytes. Neuroreport, 2015, Sep-30, Volume: 26, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Benzothiazoles; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System Agents; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA Interference; Stress, Physiological; Toluene; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53	2015
Neuroprotective effects of pioglitazone against transient cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury in diabetic rats: Modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic biomarkers. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2015, Volume: 67, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Pioglitazone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Signal Transduction; Thiazolidinediones	2015
Effects of simvastatin on malondialdehyde level and esterase activity in plasma and tissue of normolipidemic rats. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2015, Volume: 67, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Pioglitazone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Signal Transduction; Simvastatin; Thiazolidinediones	2015
nNOS Translocates into the Nucleus and Interacts with Sox2 to Protect Neurons Against Early Excitotoxicity via Promotion of Shh Transcription. Molecular neurobiology, 2016, Volume: 53, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Nucleus; Glutamic Acid; Hedgehog Proteins; HEK293 Cells; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Neurotoxins; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Protein Binding; Protein Transport; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; SOXB1 Transcription Factors; Transcription, Genetic	2016
Naturally occurring marine steroid 24-methylenecholestane-3β,5α,6β,19-tetraol functions as a novel neuroprotectant. Steroids, 2016, Volume: 105 Topics: Animals; Aquatic Organisms; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cholestanols; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2016
Burst predicting neurons survive an in vitro glutamate injury model of cerebral ischemia. Scientific reports, 2015, Dec-09, Volume: 5 Topics: Action Potentials; Algorithms; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Models, Biological; Neurons; Rats; Synaptic Transmission	2015
A comprehensive analysis of metabolic changes in the salvaged penumbra. Neuroradiology, 2016, Volume: 58, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Ischemia; Case-Control Studies; Creatine; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Stroke; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	2016
Protective upregulation of activating transcription factor-3 against glutamate neurotoxicity in neuronal cells under ischemia. Journal of neuroscience research, 2016, Volume: 94, Issue:5 Topics: Activating Transcription Factor 3; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Up-Regulation	2016
Neuropeptide Cycloprolylglycine Exhibits Neuroprotective Activity after Systemic Administration to Rats with Modeled Incomplete Global Ischemia and in In Vitro Modeled Glutamate Neurotoxicity. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2016, Volume: 160, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Peptides, Cyclic; Rats	2016
An Antagomir to MicroRNA-106b-5p Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats Via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Molecular neurobiology, 2017, Volume: 54, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antagomirs; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Base Sequence; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Down-Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Malondialdehyde; MicroRNAs; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; Oxidative Stress; PC12 Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase; Up-Regulation	2017
Analysis of Potential Amino Acid Biomarkers in Brain Tissue and the Effect of Galangin on Cerebral Ischemia. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2016, Apr-06, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Flavonoids; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Protein Interaction Maps; Rats; Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups)	2016
l-Lactate mediates neuroprotection against ischaemia by increasing TREK1 channel expression in rat hippocampal astrocytes in vitro. Journal of neurochemistry, 2016, Volume: 138, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Survival; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lactic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotection; Oxygen; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; Rats, Wistar	2016
Homer1 Scaffold Proteins Govern Ca2+ Dynamics in Normal and Reactive Astrocytes. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2017, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cations, Divalent; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Tissue Culture Techniques	2017
A novel GSK-3β inhibitor YQ138 prevents neuronal injury induced by glutamate and brain ischemia through activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2016, Volume: 37, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Male; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Signal Transduction	2016
Emodin from Polygonum multiflorum ameliorates oxidative toxicity in HT22 cells and deficits in photothrombotic ischemia. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2016, Jul-21, Volume: 188 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emodin; Fallopia multiflora; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracranial Thrombosis; Light; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Phosphorylation; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Plants, Medicinal; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rose Bengal; Signal Transduction	2016
[PECULIARITIES OF THE CEREBROVASCULAR EFFECTS OF GLUTAMIC ACID]. Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia farmakologiia, 2016, Volume: 79, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Bicuculline; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Coronary Occlusion; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2016
Low dose of L-glutamic acid attenuated the neurological dysfunctions and excitotoxicity in bilateral common carotid artery occluded mice. Behavioural pharmacology, 2016, Volume: 27, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Male; Memantine; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors	2016
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel hydrogen sulfide releasing nicotinic acid derivatives. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2016, 11-01, Volume: 24, Issue:21 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Sulfide; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mice; Molecular Structure; Nicotinic Acids; Structure-Activity Relationship	2016
Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Induces Stroke Recovery by Upregulating Glutamate Transporter GLT-1 in Astrocytes. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2016, 10-12, Volume: 36, Issue:41 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neural Stem Cells; Neuronal Plasticity; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Recovery of Function; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stroke; Up-Regulation; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	2016
Castanea sativa Mill. Bark Extract Protects U-373 MG Cells and Rat Brain Slices Against Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Journal of cellular biochemistry, 2017, Volume: 118, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Fagaceae; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury	2017
Effect of L-pGlu-(1-benzyl)-l-His-l-Pro-NH Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2016, Volume: 84 Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Catalepsy; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Haloperidol; Hippocampus; Inflammation Mediators; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Memory Disorders; Mice; Models, Biological; Motor Activity; Neurons; Oxygen; PC12 Cells; Rats; Scopolamine; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone	2016
Phaseic Acid, an Endogenous and Reversible Inhibitor of Glutamate Receptors in Mouse Brain. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2016, 12-30, Volume: 291, Issue:53 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Sesquiterpenes	2016
Optogenetic stimulation of glutamatergic neuronal activity in the striatum enhances neurogenesis in the subventricular zone of normal and stroke mice. Neurobiology of disease, 2017, Volume: 98 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Lateral Ventricles; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Optogenetics; Stem Cell Niche; Stroke; Tissue Culture Techniques	2017
Pharmacologic analysis of the mechanism of dark neuron production in cerebral cortex. Acta neuropathologica, 2008, Volume: 116, Issue:4 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Artifacts; Biopsy; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Male; Neurons; Potassium Channel Blockers; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetraethylammonium	2008
Glutamate preconditioning prevents neuronal death induced by combined oxygen-glucose deprivation in cultured cortical neurons. European journal of pharmacology, 2008, Jul-28, Volume: 589, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Oligonucleotides; Oxygen; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors	2008
Neuroprotection by group I mGlu receptors in a rat hippocampal slice model of cerebral ischemia is associated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway: a novel postconditioning strategy? Neuropharmacology, 2008, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; Oncogene Protein v-akt; Organ Culture Techniques; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Propidium; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Signal Transduction; Time Factors	2008
Aldehyde fixation is not necessary for the formation of "dark" neurons. Acta neuropathologica, 2008, Volume: 116, Issue:4 Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; Fixatives; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Neocortex; Neurons; Rats	2008
Dynamic regulation of the Kv2.1 voltage-gated potassium channel during brain ischemia through neuroglial interaction. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008, Aug-20, Volume: 28, Issue:34 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Intercellular Junctions; Male; Neuroglia; Phosphorylation; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Shab Potassium Channels; Tissue Distribution	2008
Increased tyrosine phosphorylation of PSD-95 by Src family kinases after brain ischaemia. The Biochemical journal, 2009, Jan-01, Volume: 417, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunoblotting; Immunoprecipitation; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mutation; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; src-Family Kinases; Tyrosine	2009
Blockade of microglial glutamate release protects against ischemic brain injury. Experimental neurology, 2008, Volume: 214, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carbenoxolone; Diazooxonorleucine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gap Junctions; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microglia; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons	2008
Proteomic analysis of human cerebral endothelial cells activated by glutamate/MK-801: significance in ischemic stroke injury. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2009, Volume: 38, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Endothelial Cells; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Array Analysis; Proteome	2009
Ginkgo biloba extract neuroprotective action is dependent on heme oxygenase 1 in ischemic reperfusion brain injury. Stroke, 2008, Volume: 39, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cyclopentanes; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Induction; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Furans; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Heme Oxygenase-1; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Reperfusion Injury; Response Elements	2008
The neuroprotective effects of benzylideneacetophenone derivatives on excitotoxicity and inflammation via phosphorylated Janus tyrosine kinase 2/phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and mitogen-activated protein K pathways. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2009, Volume: 328, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chalcone; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inflammation; Janus Kinase 2; Lipopolysaccharides; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Microglia; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Nitric Oxide; Phosphorylation; Propiophenones; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors	2009
A new model for the study of high-K(+)-induced preconditioning in cultured neurones: role of N-methyl-d-aspartate and alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Journal of neuroscience methods, 2009, Mar-15, Volume: 177, Issue:2 Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cell Culture Techniques; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Models, Biological; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Nicotinic; Signal Transduction; Synaptic Transmission	2009
Effects of KR-33028, a novel Na+/H+ exchanger-1 inhibitor, on glutamate-induced neuronal cell death and ischemia-induced cerebral infarct. Brain research, 2009, Jan-12, Volume: 1248 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mice; Microscopy, Confocal; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Necrosis; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyrazoles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Thiophenes	2009
Adenosine preconditions against ouabain but not against glutamate on CA1-evoked potentials in rat hippocampal slices. The European journal of neuroscience, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:10 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Enzyme Inhibitors; Evoked Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase	2008
Glutamate, microdialysis, and cerebral ischemia: lost in translation? Anesthesiology, 2009, Volume: 110, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2009
Astaxanthin reduces ischemic brain injury in adult rats. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2009, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Aconitate Hydratase; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Crustacea; Cytochromes c; Diet; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Molecular Structure; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Xanthophylls	2009
Calpain hydrolysis of alpha- and beta2-adaptins decreases clathrin-dependent endocytosis and may promote neurodegeneration. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2009, May-01, Volume: 284, Issue:18 Topics: Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits; Adaptor Protein Complex beta Subunits; Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calpain; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Clathrin; Endocytosis; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrolysis; Male; Membrane Lipids; Monomeric Clathrin Assembly Proteins; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar	2009
Pre-ischemic treadmill training affects glutamate and gamma aminobutyric acid levels in the striatal dialysate of a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Life sciences, 2009, Apr-10, Volume: 84, Issue:15-16 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Test; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Microdialysis; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2009
Cerebral energy failure following experimental cardiac arrest Hypothermia treatment reduces secondary lactate/pyruvate-ratio increase. Resuscitation, 2009, Volume: 80, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid; Random Allocation; Rewarming; Swine; Treatment Outcome	2009
Release of endogenous amino acids from the hippocampus and brain stem from developing and adult mice in ischemia. Neurochemical research, 2009, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: Aging; Alanine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Potassium; Serine; Taurine; Threonine	2009
Effect of ageing and ischemia on enzymatic activities linked to Krebs' cycle, electron transfer chain, glutamate and aminoacids metabolism of free and intrasynaptic mitochondria of cerebral cortex. Neurochemical research, 2009, Volume: 34, Issue:12 Topics: Aging; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferase, Mitochondrial; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Citric Acid Cycle; Electron Transport; Electron Transport Complex IV; Energy Metabolism; Glutamate Dehydrogenase; Glutamic Acid; Malate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mitochondria; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Synapses	2009
Platelets might mediate the increase of plasma glutamate in acute ischemic stroke: relevance for early neurological deterioration. Medical hypotheses, 2009, Volume: 73, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Blood Platelets; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Nervous System Diseases; Stroke	2009
Prevention of Glutamate Accumulation and Upregulation of Phospho-Akt may Account for Neuroprotection Afforded by Bergamot Essential Oil against Brain Injury Induced by Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rat. International review of neurobiology, 2009, Volume: 85 Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Up-Regulation	2009
Elevation of jugular venous superoxide anion radical is associated with early inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial injury in forebrain ischemia-reperfusion rats. Brain research, 2009, Oct-06, Volume: 1292 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electricity; Electronics, Medical; Encephalitis; Endothelium, Vascular; Glutamic Acid; HMGB1 Protein; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Jugular Veins; Male; Malondialdehyde; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oxidative Stress; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxides; Time Factors	2009
Effects of treadmill training on motor performance and extracellular glutamate level in striatum in rats with or without transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Behavioural brain research, 2009, Dec-28, Volume: 205, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Motor Activity; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synapsins; Task Performance and Analysis	2009
Adenosine A 2A receptor deficiency reduces striatal glutamate outflow and attenuates brain injury induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Brain research, 2009, Nov-10, Volume: 1297 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Extracellular Fluid; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Up-Regulation	2009
Ginsenoside Rd prevents glutamate-induced apoptosis in rat cortical neurons. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 2010, Volume: 37, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Caspase 3; Cerebral Cortex; Ginsenosides; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nimodipine; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2010
Imaging of hypoxic-ischemic penumbra with (18)F-fluoromisonidazole PET/CT and measurement of related cerebral metabolism in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2010, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; Glasgow Outcome Scale; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Misonidazole; Nervous System Diseases; Perfusion; Pilot Projects; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prospective Studies; Radiopharmaceuticals; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vasospasm, Intracranial	2010
Neuroprotective effect of 5,7,3',4',5'-pentahydroxy dihydroflavanol-3-O-(2''-O-galloyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, a polyphenolic compound in focal cerebral ischemia in rat. European journal of pharmacology, 2010, Jan-25, Volume: 626, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Behavior, Animal; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Flavonoids; Glucosides; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Phenols; Polyphenols; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors	2010
Young age and low temperature, but not female gender delay ATP loss and glutamate release, and protect Purkinje cells during simulated ischemia in cerebellar slices. Neuropharmacology, 2010, Volume: 58, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Age Factors; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cerebellum; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Sex Factors; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Temperature; Time Factors	2010
Acupuncture attenuates extracellular glutamate level in global ischemia model of rat. Neurological research, 2010, Volume: 32 Suppl 1 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome	2010
Neuroprotective and neuroproliferative activities of NeuroAid (MLC601, MLC901), a Chinese medicine, in vitro and in vivo. Neuropharmacology, 2010, Volume: 58, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Stroke; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome	2010
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 are both required for ischaemic excitotoxicity. British journal of pharmacology, 2010, Volume: 159, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Dinoprostone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microsomes; Neurons; Prostaglandin-E Synthases; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Stroke	2010
Real-time ischemic condition monitoring in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats. Physiological measurement, 2010, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hyperglycemia; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Streptozocin; Time Factors	2010
Neuroprotective effect of L-serine against temporary cerebral ischemia in rats. Journal of neuroscience research, 2010, Volume: 88, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Glycine Agents; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serine; Strychnine; Time Factors	2010
Vesicular GABA release delays the onset of the Purkinje cell terminal depolarization without affecting tissue swelling in cerebellar slices during simulated ischemia. Neuroscience, 2010, Jun-16, Volume: 168, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cerebellum; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A	2010
Contributions of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and -2 to nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and injury from focal cerebral ischemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:4 Topics: Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; Animals; Apoptosis Inducing Factor; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Nucleus; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Oxidative Stress; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; Reperfusion Injury	2010
Hydroxylase inhibition reduces synaptic transmission and protects against a glutamate-induced ischemia in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. Neuroscience, 2010, Jun-02, Volume: 167, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Male; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission	2010
Potential neuroprotective effects of acupuncture stimulation on diabetes mellitus in a global ischemic rat model. Physiological measurement, 2010, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Animals; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Craniotomy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neck; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Streptozocin	2010
Potential role of glutamate neurotransmission in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage and of depression. Effects of L-kynurenine on the survival of the hippocampal neurons and on the corticocerebral blood flow in ischemic animal models. Ideggyogyaszati szemle, 2010, Jan-30, Volume: 63, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Citalopram; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Fluoxetine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenine; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Synaptic Transmission; Wakefulness	2010
Pharmacological evaluation of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT-1) mediated neuroprotection following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. European journal of pharmacology, 2010, Jul-25, Volume: 638, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Ceftriaxone; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Male; Neuroglia; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Up-Regulation	2010
Acute neuroprotection by the synaptic blocker botulinum neurotoxin E in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia. Neuroscience, 2010, Aug-11, Volume: 169, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Botulinum Toxins; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Endothelin-1; Female; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; Time Factors	2010
Effects of one-day reperfusion after transient forebrain ischemia on circulatory system in the rat. General physiology and biophysics, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; DNA Damage; Glutamic Acid; Lymphocytes; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase	2010
Pre-ischemic treadmill training induces tolerance to brain ischemia: involvement of glutamate and ERK1/2. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2010, Aug-02, Volume: 15, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Exercise Test; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Neostriatum; Phosphorylation; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2010
The role of pannexin hemichannels in the anoxic depolarization of hippocampal pyramidal cells. Brain : a journal of neurology, 2010, Volume: 133, Issue:Pt 12 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Aging; Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cell Separation; Coloring Agents; Connexins; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Channels; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats	2010
Treatment of cerebral ischemia by disrupting ischemia-induced interaction of nNOS with PSD-95. Nature medicine, 2010, Volume: 16, Issue:12 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Kinases; Immunoprecipitation; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Microscopy, Confocal; Molecular Structure; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Stroke	2010
Neuroprotective effects of magnesium-sulfate on ischemic injury mediated by modulating the release of glutamate and reduced of hyperreperfusion. Brain research, 2011, Jan-31, Volume: 1371 Topics: Animals; Antigens, Nuclear; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Caspase 3; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Magnesium Sulfate; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Single-Blind Method	2011
Astrocytes express N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits in development, ischemia and post-ischemia. Neurochemical research, 2010, Volume: 35, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Down-Regulation; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation	2010
Prostacyclin infusion may prevent secondary damage in pericontusional brain tissue. Neurocritical care, 2011, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Blood Glucose; Brain Concussion; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Epoprostenol; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Infusions, Intravenous; Intracranial Hypertension; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pyruvic Acid; Skull Base; Skull Fractures; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vasodilator Agents	2011
SP-8203 reduces oxidative stress via SOD activity and behavioral deficit in cerebral ischemia. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2011, Volume: 98, Issue:1 Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Antioxidants; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Motor Activity; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Quinazolinones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase	2011
[Effect of propofol on glutamate, ascorbic acid release in hippocampus during global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats]. Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology, 2006, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2006
Effect of antibodies to glutamate on retention of conditioned passive avoidance response in rats with ischemic injury of the prefrontal cortex. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2010, Volume: 149, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Avoidance Learning; Brain Ischemia; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Male; Photochemistry; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rose Bengal; Statistics, Nonparametric	2010
Neuroprotection by glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase in ischemic stroke: an experimental study. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Endothelial Cells; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxaloacetic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2011
S100B alters neuronal survival and dendrite extension via RAGE-mediated NF-κB signaling. Journal of neurochemistry, 2011, Volume: 117, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dendrites; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; NF-kappa B; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Receptors, Immunologic; S100 Proteins; Signal Transduction; Sulfadiazine; Time Factors	2011
Baifuzi reduces transient ischemic brain damage through an interaction with the STREX domain of BKCa channels. Cell death & disease, 2010, Volume: 1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Glutamic Acid; Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2010
Histone deacetylase inhibitors preserve white matter structure and function during ischemia by conserving ATP and reducing excitotoxicity. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2011, Mar-16, Volume: 31, Issue:11 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Astrocytes; Axons; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated	2011
KCa2 channels activation prevents [Ca2+]i deregulation and reduces neuronal death following glutamate toxicity and cerebral ischemia. Cell death & disease, 2011, Apr-21, Volume: 2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Indoles; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oximes; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Transcription, Genetic	2011
Protective effects of L-pGlu-(2-propyl)-L-His-L-ProNH2, a newer thyrotropin releasing hormone analog in in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia. Peptides, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen Peroxide; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Rats; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2011
Effect of ginkgolide B on striatal extracellular amino acids in middle cerebral artery occluded rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2011, Jun-14, Volume: 136, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lactones; Male; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury	2011
Neuroprotection by NMDA preconditioning against glutamate cytotoxicity is mediated through activation of ERK 1/2, inactivation of JNK, and by prevention of glutamate-induced CREB inactivation. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2012, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Enzyme Activation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; Reperfusion Injury	2012
The neuroprotective effect of propofol against brain ischemia mediated by the glutamatergic signaling pathway in rats. Neurochemical research, 2011, Volume: 36, Issue:10 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Propofol; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction	2011
Cerebroside-A provides potent neuroprotection after cerebral ischaemia through reducing glutamate release and Ca²⁺ influx of NMDA receptors. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2012, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrosides; Charybdotoxin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tetrazolium Salts; Valine	2012
Neuroprotective effects of ebselen following forebrain ischemia: involvement of glutamate and nitric oxide. Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2011, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Azoles; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Isoindoles; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Organoselenium Compounds; Presynaptic Terminals; Prosencephalon; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2011
Anti-stroke profile of thiazolidin-4-one derivatives in focal cerebral ischemia model in rat. Chemical biology & drug design, 2011, Volume: 78, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; PPAR gamma; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rosiglitazone; Thiazolidinediones	2011
Glutamatergic neurons in rodent models respond to nanoscale particulate urban air pollutants in vivo and in vitro. Environmental health perspectives, 2011, Volume: 119, Issue:7 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Inhalation Exposure; Interleukin-1alpha; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; N-Methylaspartate; Neuroglia; Neurons; Particulate Matter; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; RNA, Messenger; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vehicle Emissions	2011
High-resolution spatial mapping of changes in the neurochemical profile after focal ischemia in mice. NMR in biomedicine, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Models, Biological; Neostriatum; Neurochemistry; Taurine; Time Factors	2012
Neuroprotection of the leaf and stem of Vitis amurensis and their active compounds against ischemic brain damage in rats and excitotoxicity in cultured neurons. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 2012, Jan-15, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cyclooxygenase 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Methanol; Molecular Structure; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Plant Stems; Pregnancy; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Vitis	2012
Cerebral ischemic pre-conditioning enhances the binding characteristics and glutamate uptake of glial glutamate transporter-1 in hippocampal CA1 subfield of rats. Journal of neurochemistry, 2011, Volume: 119, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Kinetics; Male; Pyramidal Cells; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1	2011
Endothelin receptors A and B are expressed in distinct cellular compartments of rat hippocampus following global ischemia: an immunocytochemical study. Neurological research, 2011, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Compartmentation; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Endothelins; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Endothelin A; Receptor, Endothelin B	2011
Early biomarkers of clinical-diffusion mismatch in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2011, Volume: 42, Issue:10 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Middle Aged; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Prospective Studies; Stroke; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1	2011
Multi-target novel neuroprotective compound ITH33/IQM9.21 inhibits calcium entry, calcium signals and exocytosis. Cell calcium, 2011, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Aniline Compounds; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Catecholamines; Cattle; Chromaffin Cells; Exocytosis; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Stroke; Xanthenes	2011
Neuroprotective effects of bilobalide are accompanied by a reduction of ischemia-induced glutamate release in vivo. Brain research, 2011, Nov-24, Volume: 1425 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cyclopentanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Furans; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents	2011
[Penehyclidine hydrochloride inhibits glutamate release and related research in global brain ischemia/reperfusion rats]. Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi = Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi = Chinese journal of applied physiology, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Cholinergic Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Quinuclidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury	2011
Molecular alterations associated with the NMDA preconditioning-induced neuroprotective mechanism against glutamate cytotoxicity. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2012, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Primary Cell Culture; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury	2012
A procyanidin type A trimer from cinnamon extract attenuates glial cell swelling and the reduction in glutamate uptake following ischemia-like injury in vitro. Neuroscience, 2012, Jan-27, Volume: 202 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Biflavonoids; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Catechin; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cinnamomum zeylanicum; Cyclosporine; Glucose; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; Membrane Potentials; Mitochondrial Membranes; Neuroglia; Plant Extracts; Proanthocyanidins; Reactive Nitrogen Species; Reactive Oxygen Species	2012
Neuronal gap junction coupling is regulated by glutamate and plays critical role in cell death during neuronal injury. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2012, Jan-11, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Connexins; Gap Junction delta-2 Protein; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurons	2012
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) inhibition induces neurotoxicity via dysregulation of glutamate/calcium signaling and hyperexcitability. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012, Mar-09, Volume: 287, Issue:11 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Caspase 3; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cycloheximide; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2012
Ginkgo extract EGb761 confers neuroprotection by reduction of glutamate release in ischemic brain. Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques, 2012, Volume: 15, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Ginkgo biloba; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke	2012
Phenolic alkaloids from Menispermum dauricum rhizome protect against brain ischemia injury via regulation of GLT-1, EAAC1 and ROS generation. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2012, Mar-06, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Alkaloids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Extracellular Fluid; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Lactate Dehydrogenases; Male; Menispermum; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phenols; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Rhizome	2012
Potential neuroprotective effects of oxyresveratrol against traumatic injury. European journal of pharmacology, 2012, Apr-05, Volume: 680, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Coculture Techniques; Free Radical Scavengers; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Nerve Growth Factors; Neuroglia; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Rats; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Stilbenes; Wounds and Injuries	2012
Selenium preserves mitochondrial function, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia. BMC neuroscience, 2012, Jul-09, Volume: 13 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Autophagy; Beclin-1; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Line, Transformed; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Fluoresceins; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Histones; Male; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microtubule Proteins; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Turnover; Multienzyme Complexes; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organic Chemicals; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; Reactive Oxygen Species; Selenium; Time Factors; Trans-Activators; Transcription Factors	2012
Anthocyanins extracted from black soybean seed coat protect primary cortical neurons against in vitro ischemia. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2012, Volume: 35, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anthocyanins; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Glycine max; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Seeds	2012
Association between Glu298Asp/677C-T single nucleotide polymorphism in the eNOS/MTHRF gene and blood stasis syndrome of ischemic stroke. Gene, 2012, Dec-15, Volume: 511, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aspartic Acid; Base Sequence; Brain Ischemia; DNA Primers; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hemostasis; Humans; Male; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Stroke	2012
Glutamate excitoxicity is the key molecular mechanism which is influenced by body temperature during the acute phase of brain stroke. PloS one, 2012, Volume: 7, Issue:8 Topics: Acute-Phase Reaction; Animals; Basal Metabolism; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke	2012
Nicotinamide restores the reduction of parvalbumin in cerebral ischemic injury. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 2013, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Line; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Niacinamide; Parvalbumins; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Vitamin B Complex	2013
Excitotoxic stimulation downregulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system through activation of NMDA receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013, Volume: 1832, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Neurons; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Ubiquitin	2013
Glutamate attenuates IGF-1 receptor tyrosine phosphorylation in mouse brain: possible significance in ischemic brain damage. Neuroscience research, 2012, Volume: 74, Issue:3-4 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Mice; Phosphorylation; Receptor, IGF Type 1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction; Tyrosine	2012
Reviving neuroprotection using a new approach: targeting postsynaptic density-95 to arrest glutamate excitotoxicity. Stroke, 2012, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Membrane Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Primates; Rodentia; Stroke	2012
Evaluation of the protective effects of cyclosporin a and FK506 on abnormal cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca²⁺ dynamics during ischemia and exposure to high glutamate concentration in mouse brain slice preparations. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2012, Volume: 120, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Brain Mapping; CA1 Region, Hippocampal; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclosporine; Cytosol; Glutamic Acid; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Tacrolimus	2012
Development of a pattern in biochemical parameters in the core and penumbra during infarct evolution after transient MCAO in rats. Neurochemistry international, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Leucine; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Oxidative Stress; Protein Biosynthesis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke; Superoxide Dismutase	2013
Novel multitarget ligand ITH33/IQM9.21 provides neuroprotection in in vitro and in vivo models related to brain ischemia. Neuropharmacology, 2013, Volume: 67 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ligands; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species	2013
Release of fatty acid amides in a patient with hemispheric stroke: a microdialysis study. Stroke, 2002, Volume: 33, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Amides; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Endocannabinoids; Ethanolamines; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oleic Acid; Oleic Acids; Palmitic Acids; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Sleep Stages; Stroke	2002
Appropriate cerebral perfusion pressure during rewarming after therapeutic hypothermia. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 2002, Volume: 81 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Oxygen	2002
Extracellular lactate/pyruvate and glutamate changes in patients during per-operative episodes of cerebral ischaemia. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 2002, Volume: 81 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Internal; Craniotomy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Lactic Acid; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Neurosurgical Procedures; Pyruvic Acid; Time Factors	2002
Modulation of ASIC channels in rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons by ischaemia-related signals. The Journal of physiology, 2002, Sep-01, Volume: 543, Issue:Pt 2 Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Acidosis; Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cations; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Membrane Proteins; Necrosis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Purkinje Cells; Rats; Signal Transduction; Sodium; Sodium Channels	2002
Glutamate AMPA receptor antagonist treatment for ischaemic stroke. Current medical research and opinion, 2002, Volume: 18 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Receptors, AMPA; Stroke	2002
Bilobalide, a component of the Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761), protects against neuronal death in global brain ischemia and in glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France), 2002, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebellum; Cyclopentanes; Diterpenes; Electron Transport Complex IV; Furans; Gerbillinae; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Plant Extracts; Reperfusion Injury	2002
Protective effect of Biolan during ischemic damages to cultured cerebellar granular cells. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2002, Volume: 133, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Oxygen; Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2002
The presynaptic modulation of glutamate release and the membrane dysfunction induced by in vitro ischemia in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons. Life sciences, 2002, Dec-20, Volume: 72, Issue:4-5 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Membrane Potentials; Membranes; Microelectrodes; Neurons; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Presynaptic	2002
Protein kinase C activity, translocation, and selective isoform subcellular redistribution in the rat cerebral cortex after in vitro ischemia. Journal of neuroscience research, 2003, Jan-01, Volume: 71, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cerebral Cortex; Culture Techniques; Glutamic Acid; Isoenzymes; Male; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Subcellular Fractions; Time Factors	2003
Does acute hyperventilation cause cerebral ischemia in severely head-injured patients? Critical care medicine, 2002, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hyperventilation; Lactic Acid; Respiration, Artificial	2002
[Neuroprotection by aspirin in cerebrovascular pathology]. Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Medicina, 2002, Volume: 119, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Algorithms; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspirin; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Indomethacin; Mitochondria; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen; Salicylates	2002
[Effect of tianma cuzhi keli (TMCZKL) on contents of transmitter amino acids of brain tissue in the mouse repetitious cerebral ischemia reperfusion]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2001, Volume: 26, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Combinations; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Orchidaceae; Plants, Medicinal; Random Allocation; Reperfusion Injury; Rubiaceae	2001
Intracerebral microdialysis and CSF hydrodynamics in idiopathic adult hydrocephalus syndrome. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2003, Volume: 74, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Blood Glucose; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid	2003
Neuroprotective effects of a new synthetic peptide, CMX-9236, in in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia. Brain research, 2003, Feb-14, Volume: 963, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calmodulin; Cells, Cultured; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Injections, Intravenous; Kainic Acid; Male; Middle Cerebral Artery; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Peptide Fragments; Rats; Stroke; Transcription Factor AP-1	2003
Pharmacology of ischemia-induced glutamate efflux from rat cerebral cortex in vitro. Brain research, 2003, Feb-21, Volume: 964, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Chelating Agents; Chloride Channels; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Lanthanum; Magnesium; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium Channel Blockers	2003
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 inhibits excitotoxic cell death in neurons. Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 2003, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Nerve Growth Factor; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Potassium Cyanide; Receptors, Glutamate; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1	2003
CDP-choline prevents glutamate-mediated cell death in cerebellar granule neurons. Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2003, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Cortex; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors; Trypan Blue	2003
Hypothermia attenuates circulatory shock and cerebral ischemia in experimental heatstroke. Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2003, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Hypothermia, Induced; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Shock	2003
EDT, a tetrahydroacridine derivative inhibits cerebral ischemia and protects rat cortical neurons against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2003, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: Acridines; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Female; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitroprusside; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2003
Extracellular glutamate and other amino acids in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: an in vivo microdialysis study. Critical care medicine, 2003, Volume: 31, Issue:5 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Single-Blind Method; Stroke; Taurine; Time Factors	2003
Neuroprotective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A: in vivo and in vitro studies. Planta medica, 2003, Volume: 69, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carthamus tinctorius; Chalcone; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Sodium Cyanide	2003
Sensitivity to selective adenosine A1 and A2A receptor antagonists of the release of glutamate induced by ischemia in rat cerebrocortical slices. Neuropharmacology, 2003, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Purinergic P1	2003
Effect of subacute and chronic immobilisation stress on the outcome of permanent focal cerebral ischaemia in rats. Brain research, 2003, Jul-25, Volume: 979, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Corticosterone; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological; Synaptosomes; Time Factors	2003
Neuroprotective effects of propofol in a model of ischemic cortical cell cultures: role of glutamate and its transporters. Anesthesiology, 2003, Volume: 99, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Female; Gangliosides; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen; Pregnancy; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles	2003
Involvement of mitochondrial K+ release and cellular efflux in ischemic and apoptotic neuronal death. Journal of neurochemistry, 2003, Volume: 86, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cyanides; Decanoic Acids; Diazoxide; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxy Acids; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Potassium; Potassium Channel Blockers; Rats; Vasodilator Agents	2003
Functional changes of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 during ischemia: an in vivo study in the hippocampal CA1 of normal mice and mutant mice lacking GLT-1. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2003, Aug-06, Volume: 23, Issue:18 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Microdialysis; Time Factors	2003
Chemical preconditioning prevents paradoxical increase in glutamate release during ischemia by activating ATP-dependent potassium channels in gerbil hippocampus. Experimental neurology, 2003, Volume: 183, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Diazoxide; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Glyburide; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Propionates	2003
Differential effects of natural polyphenols on neuronal survival in primary cultured central neurons against glutamate- and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death. Brain research, 2003, Oct-03, Volume: 986, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Flavanones; Flavonoids; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Mitochondria; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Phenols; Polyphenols; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; Scutellaria baicalensis	2003
Effect of resuscitative mild hypothermia on glutamate and dopamine release, apoptosis and ischaemic brain damage in the endothelin-1 rat model for focal cerebral ischaemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 2003, Volume: 87, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Endothelin-1; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2003
Neuroprotective effects of bilobalide, a component of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in global brain ischemia and in excitotoxicity-induced neuronal death. Pharmacopsychiatry, 2003, Volume: 36 Suppl 1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclopentanes; Disease Models, Animal; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electron Transport Complex IV; Furans; Gerbillinae; Ginkgo biloba; Ginkgolides; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; In Situ Hybridization; In Vitro Techniques; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Male; Membrane Proteins; Plant Extracts; Rats; Reperfusion; RNA, Messenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Trauma, Nervous System	2003
Effects of local and intravenous anesthetics on the activity of glutamate transporter type 2. Brain research bulletin, 2003, Sep-30, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Bupivacaine; Cell Membrane; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ketamine; Lidocaine; Neuroprotective Agents; Oocytes; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Transmission; Thiopental; Xenopus laevis	2003
The effect of sevoflurane and propofol on cerebral neurotransmitter concentrations during cerebral ischemia in rats. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2003, Volume: 97, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Catecholamines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electroencephalography; Epinephrine; Glutamic Acid; Hypotension; Male; Methyl Ethers; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion; Sevoflurane	2003
Mechanisms of the anti-ischemic effect of vagus nerve stimulation in the gerbil hippocampus. Neuroreport, 2003, Oct-27, Volume: 14, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Coloring Agents; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperemia; Male; Vagus Nerve	2003
Imaging of L-glutamate fluxes in mouse brain slices based on an enzyme-based membrane combined with a difference-image analysis. Analytical chemistry, 2003, Aug-01, Volume: 75, Issue:15 Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calibration; Enzymes, Immobilized; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Horseradish Peroxidase; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Magnesium; Membranes, Artificial; Mice; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Time Factors	2003
Selective activation induced cleavage of the NR2B subunit by calpain. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2003, Dec-10, Volume: 23, Issue:36 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Activation; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Neurons; Protein Subunits; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2003
Effect of hypervolaemic haemodilution on cerebral glutamate, glycerol, lactate and free radicals in heatstroke rats. Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2004, Volume: 106, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hemodilution; Lactic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serum Albumin	2004
In vitro ischemic tolerance involves upregulation of glutamate transport partly mediated by the TACE/ADAM17-tumor necrosis factor-alpha pathway. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2004, Feb-11, Volume: 24, Issue:6 Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAM17 Protein; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Antibodies; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glucose; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxamic Acids; Ischemic Preconditioning; Metalloendopeptidases; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Signal Transduction; Symporters; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation	2004
Neuroprotection by cyclosporin A following transient brain ischemia correlates with the inhibition of the early efflux of cytochrome C to cytoplasm. Brain research. Molecular brain research, 2004, Feb-05, Volume: 121, Issue:1-2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Biological Transport; Blotting, Western; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclosporine; Cytochromes c; Cytoplasm; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Embryo, Mammalian; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microscopy, Confocal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Staurosporine; Tacrolimus; Time Factors; Tubulin	2004
Volume-regulated anion channels are the predominant contributors to release of excitatory amino acids in the ischemic cortical penumbra. Stroke, 2004, Volume: 35, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Anion Transport Proteins; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Microdialysis; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Tamoxifen; Taurine	2004
Riluzole enhances glutamate uptake in rat astrocyte cultures. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 2004, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Riluzole; Synapses; Synaptic Transmission	2004
Transglutaminase activity and transglutaminase mRNA transcripts in gerbil brain ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 2004, Jun-10, Volume: 363, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Genes, Regulator; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neurotoxins; Protein Isoforms; Reperfusion Injury; RNA, Messenger; Transglutaminases; Up-Regulation	2004
Studies on the neuroprotective action of kynurenine mono-oxygenase inhibitors in post-ischemic brain damage. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2003, Volume: 527 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenine; Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats	2003
Individual value of brain tissue oxygen pressure, microvascular oxygen saturation, cytochrome redox level, and energy metabolites in detecting critically reduced cerebral energy state during acute changes in global cerebral perfusion. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2004, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Algorithms; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Capillaries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cisterna Magna; Cytochromes; Cytochromes a; Cytochromes a3; Electrophysiology; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Infusions, Intravenous; Lactic Acid; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Oximetry; Oxygen Consumption; Polarography; Pyruvic Acid; Rabbits	2004
5-HT control of ischemia-evoked glutamate efflux from human cerebrocortical slices. Neurochemistry international, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Adult; Aged; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Reperfusion Injury; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists	2004
Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta inhibitor Chir025 reduces neuronal death resulting from oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and cerebral ischemia. Experimental neurology, 2004, Volume: 188, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Caspases; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cytosol; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2004
Targeting ischemic stroke with a novel opener of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the brain. Molecular pharmacology, 2004, Volume: 66, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Membrane Proteins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channels; Rats; Stroke	2004
Patterns of energy substrates during ischemia measured in the brain by microdialysis. Journal of neurotrauma, 2004, Volume: 21, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glasgow Coma Scale; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Pyruvic Acid; Sensitivity and Specificity	2004
Zinc inhibits glutamate release via activation of pre-synaptic K channels and reduces ischaemic damage in rat hippocampus. Journal of neurochemistry, 2004, Volume: 90, Issue:5 Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Chelating Agents; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; Drug Interactions; Edetic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Gramicidin; Hippocampus; Ionophores; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Membrane Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels; Potassium Chloride; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptosomes; Time Factors; Tolbutamide; Transfection; Valinomycin; Zinc	2004
Mechanism of acute ischemic injury of oligodendroglia in early myelinating white matter: the importance of astrocyte injury and glutamate release. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 2004, Volume: 63, Issue:8 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Oligodendroglia; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans	2004
Neuroprotection in ischemia: blocking calcium-permeable acid-sensing ion channels. Cell, 2004, Sep-17, Volume: 118, Issue:6 Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Acidosis; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Signaling; Cells, Cultured; COS Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels	2004
Mechanisms of oxygen glucose deprivation-induced glutamate release from cerebrocortical slice cultures. Neuroscience research, 2004, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cell Hypoxia; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2004
Glycine-induced neurotoxicity in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Experimental brain research, 2005, Volume: 161, Issue:3 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Resistance; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Strychnine; Taurine	2005
Glutamate efflux from human cerebrocortical slices during ischemia: vesicular-like mode of glutamate release and sensitivity to A(2A) adenosine receptor blockade. Neuropharmacology, 2004, Volume: 47, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Local; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyrimidines; Reperfusion Injury; Synaptic Vesicles; Tetrodotoxin; Triazoles	2004
Altered membrane physiology in Müller glial cells after transient ischemia of the rat retina. Glia, 2005, Apr-01, Volume: 50, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Down-Regulation; Female; Glutamic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reperfusion Injury; Retina; Retinal Diseases; Sodium Channels	2005
Neuroprotection afforded by prior citicoline administration in experimental brain ischemia: effects on glutamate transport. Neurobiology of disease, 2005, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Coculture Techniques; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Symporters	2005
[Effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine on concentrations of neurotransmitter amino acids in mice with cerebral ischemia]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 2004, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Berberine Alkaloids; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ginkgo biloba; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Plants, Medicinal; Stereoisomerism	2004
The effect of global brain ischemia in normal and diabetic animals: the influence of calcium channel blockers. Endocrine, 2004, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Felodipine; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Water	2004
Neurodegeneration: cellular defences destroyed. Nature, 2005, Feb-17, Volume: 433, Issue:7027 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Sodium; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger	2005
Lipopolysaccharide increases microglial GLT-1 expression and glutamate uptake capacity in vitro by a mechanism dependent on TNF-alpha. Glia, 2005, Aug-01, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ectodysplasins; Encephalitis; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gliosis; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; Membrane Proteins; Microglia; Potassium Chloride; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation	2005
Reduction of diffusion-weighted MRI lesion volume after early moderate hypothermia in ischemic stroke. Stroke, 2005, Volume: 36, Issue:6 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypothermia; Hypothermia, Induced; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Middle Cerebral Artery; Reperfusion; Stroke; Thrombolytic Therapy; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome	2005
Effects of hypothermia for a short period on histologic outcome and extracellular glutamate concentration during and after cardiac arrest in rats. Critical care medicine, 2005, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Prospective Studies; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors	2005
Early induction of hypothermia: will sooner be better? Critical care medicine, 2005, Volume: 33, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Rats; Time Factors	2005
The effect of clonidine on cell survival, glutamate, and aspartate release in normo- and hyperglycemic rats after near complete forebrain ischemia. Experimental brain research, 2005, Volume: 167, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Clonidine; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Hyperglycemia; Lactic Acid; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Visual Fields	2005
Chlortetracycline and demeclocycline inhibit calpains and protect mouse neurons against glutamate toxicity and cerebral ischemia. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2005, Oct-07, Volume: 280, Issue:40 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calpain; Cell Culture Techniques; Chlortetracycline; Demeclocycline; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2005
Effects of chemical ischemia in cerebral cortex slices. Focus on nitric oxide. Neurochemistry international, 2005, Volume: 47, Issue:7 Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Antimetabolites; Brain Ischemia; Catalase; Cyclic GMP; Deoxyglucose; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Guanylate Cyclase; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Azide; Vasodilator Agents	2005
Protein S100B release from rat brain slices during and after ischemia: comparison with lactate dehydrogenase leakage. Neurochemistry international, 2005, Volume: 47, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Disease Models, Animal; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; S100 Proteins; Up-Regulation	2005
Ipsapirone and ketanserin protects against circulatory shock, intracranial hypertension, and cerebral ischemia during heatstroke. Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2005, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Heat Stroke; Hot Temperature; Hypertension; Hypoxia; Intracranial Hypertension; Ketanserin; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Models, Statistical; Neurons; Oxygen; Pressure; Pyrimidines; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serotonin Antagonists; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Shock; Temperature; Time Factors; Titanium; Urethane	2005
Effects of sabiporide, a specific Na+/H+ exchanger inhibitor, on neuronal cell death and brain ischemia. Brain research, 2005, Nov-02, Volume: 1061, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Guanidines; Mice; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Reperfusion; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles	2005
Ischemic preconditioning ameliorates excitotoxicity by shifting glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid release and biosynthesis. Journal of neuroscience research, 2005, Dec-01, Volume: 82, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, GABA-B	2005
Functional significance of the preconditioning-induced down-regulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 in neuron/astrocyte co-cultures. Neurochemical research, 2005, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Coculture Techniques; Down-Regulation; Embryo, Mammalian; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Neurons; Rats	2005
Characteristics of GABA release in mouse brain stem slices under normal and ischemic conditions. Neurochemical research, 2005, Volume: 30, Issue:12 Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Amiloride; Animals; Anthracenes; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Male; Mice	2005
Infusion of human umbilical cord blood cells protect against cerebral ischemia and damage during heatstroke in the rat. Experimental neurology, 2006, Volume: 199, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Heart Rate; Heat Stroke; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Time Factors; Transplantation, Heterologous	2006
TNFR1 mediates increased neuronal membrane EAAT3 expression after in vivo cerebral ischemic preconditioning. Neuroscience, 2006, Volume: 138, Issue:4 Topics: ADAM Proteins; ADAM17 Protein; Animals; Antibodies; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Ischemic Preconditioning; Male; Neurons; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Up-Regulation	2006
Concentrations of extracellular free zinc (pZn)e in the central nervous system during simple anesthetization, ischemia and reperfusion. Experimental neurology, 2006, Volume: 198, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Central Nervous System; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dialysis; Electrochemistry; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Rabbits; Rats; Reperfusion; Time Factors; Zinc	2006
Aminoglutethimide prevents excitotoxic and ischemic injuries in cortical neurons. British journal of pharmacology, 2006, Volume: 147, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Aminoglutethimide; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Steroids; Tetrazolium Salts; Thiazoles	2006
Calpain-cleaved collapsin response mediator protein-3 induces neuronal death after glutamate toxicity and cerebral ischemia. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2006, Feb-22, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calpain; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Protein Binding	2006
[Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on experimental cerebral ischemia in rats]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 2005, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carthamus tinctorius; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chalcone; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Plants, Medicinal; Quinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Sodium Cyanide	2005
Involvement of calmodulin in neuronal cell death. Brain research, 2006, Apr-14, Volume: 1083, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Calmodulin; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Cytoprotection; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Membrane Potentials; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Transfection	2006
In vivo measurement of presynaptic Zn2+ release during forebrain ischemia in rats. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, 2006, Volume: 29, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Prosencephalon; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Presynaptic; Zinc	2006
The metabolism of C-glucose by neurons and astrocytes in brain subregions following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Journal of neurochemistry, 2006, Volume: 97, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cell Communication; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Energy Metabolism; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury	2006
Targets of cytoprotection in acute ischemic stroke: present and future. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2006, Volume: 21 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; Cytoprotection; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Ischemic Preconditioning; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Neuropharmacology; Neuroprotective Agents; Polymorphism, Genetic; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Stroke	2006
Gene expression in cerebral ischemia: a new approach for neuroprotection. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2006, Volume: 21 Suppl 2 Topics: Angiogenic Proteins; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apoptosis; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Revascularization; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytokines; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Therapy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; Stroke; Transcriptional Activation	2006
Deterioration in acute ischemic stroke as the target for neuroprotection. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2006, Volume: 21 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Collateral Circulation; Cytokines; Disease Progression; Encephalitis; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroprotective Agents; Stroke	2006
Glutamate leakage from a compartmentalized intracellular metabolic pool and activation of the lipoxygenase pathway mediate oxidative astrocyte death by reversed glutamate transport. Glia, 2006, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Compartmentation; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cytoprotection; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Fluid; Lipoxygenase; Mice; Oxidative Stress; Rats	2006
Quantitation of ischemic events after severe traumatic brain injury in humans: a simple scoring system. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2006, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Brain Chemistry; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Fluid; Female; Glasgow Outcome Scale; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome	2006
Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus) on neurobehavioral and neurochemical changes in cerebral ischemia in rats. Journal of medicinal food, 2006,Summer, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Aspartic Acid; Behavior; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Catalase; Crocus; Disease Models, Animal; Flowers; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Hand Strength; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Motor Activity; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Superoxide Dismutase	2006
Roles of two types of anion channels in glutamate release from mouse astrocytes under ischemic or osmotic stress. Glia, 2006, Volume: 54, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cell Membrane; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Gadolinium; Glutamic Acid; Hypotonic Solutions; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Osmotic Pressure; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Stress, Physiological; Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels	2006
Unconventional neuroprotection against Ca2+ -dependent insults by metalloporphyrin catalytic antioxidants. Journal of neurochemistry, 2006, Volume: 98, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Catalysis; Cell Membrane; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fluoresceins; Glutamic Acid; Metalloporphyrins; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; TRPM Cation Channels	2006
A study of the neuroprotective effect of the phenolic glucoside gastrodin during cerebral ischemia in vivo and in vitro. Planta medica, 2006, Volume: 72, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rhizome	2006
Pharmacological Induction of Ischemic Tolerance by Glutamate Transporter-1 (EAAT2) Upregulation. Stroke, 2007, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Ceftriaxone; Cell Communication; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Treatment Outcome; Up-Regulation	2007
Role of astrocytes in grey matter during stroke: a modelling approach. Brain research, 2007, Mar-23, Volume: 1138 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Diffusion; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Neurological; Periaqueductal Gray; Potassium; Severity of Illness Index; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; Stroke	2007
Excitotoxic mechanisms of ischemic injury in myelinated white matter. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2007, Volume: 27, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Optic Nerve; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	2007
Expression of PACAP and glutamate transporter proteins in satellite oligodendrocytes of the human CNS. Regulatory peptides, 2007, Jul-05, Volume: 142, Issue:1-2 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Middle Aged; Neocortex; Oligodendroglia; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide	2007
Changes in the spontaneous calcium oscillations for the development of the preconditioning-induced ischemic tolerance in neuron/astrocyte co-culture. Neurochemical research, 2007, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Signaling; Cell Survival; Coculture Techniques; Colforsin; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Preconditioning; Neurons; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; Rats	2007
Hyperoxic reperfusion after global ischemia decreases hippocampal energy metabolism. Stroke, 2007, Volume: 38, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Dogs; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hippocampus; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Reperfusion Injury; Respiration, Artificial	2007
Thrombin potently enhances swelling-sensitive glutamate efflux from cultured astrocytes. Glia, 2007, Volume: 55, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Fluid; Glutamic Acid; Hypotonic Solutions; Oligopeptides; Osmotic Pressure; Rats; Receptors, Thrombin; Signal Transduction; Thrombin; Water-Electrolyte Balance	2007
Fasudil, a Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, protects against ischemic neuronal damage in vitro and in vivo by acting directly on neurons. Brain research, 2007, Jun-18, Volume: 1154 Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Mice; Neurofilament Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; PC12 Cells; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; rho-Associated Kinases; Time Factors	2007
Direct correlation between ischemic injury and extracellular glycine concentration in mice with genetically altered activities of the glycine cleavage multienzyme system. Stroke, 2007, Volume: 38, Issue:7 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chlorocebus aethiops; COS Cells; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Glycine Dehydrogenase (Decarboxylating); Humans; Indoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Multienzyme Complexes; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Regional Blood Flow; Taurine; Transferases	2007
Enhanced activity of GABA receptors inhibits glutamate release induced by focal cerebral ischemia in rat striatum. Neuroscience letters, 2007, Jun-13, Volume: 420, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Cytoprotection; Down-Regulation; Feedback, Physiological; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA; Receptors, GABA-B; Up-Regulation	2007
Variations in the response of interleukins in neurosurgical intensive care patients monitored using intracerebral microdialysis. Journal of neurosurgery, 2007, Volume: 106, Issue:5 Topics: Brain; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cathepsin D; Critical Care; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Hematoma, Subdural; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Postoperative Complications; Prognosis; Reference Values; Regression Analysis; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A	2007
Protective effects of gastrodin on hypoxia-induced toxicity in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. Planta medica, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Benzyl Alcohols; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Gastrodia; Glucosides; Glutamic Acid; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rhizome	2007
Neuroprotective effects of a standardized extract of Diospyros kaki leaves on MCAO transient focal cerebral ischemic rats and cultured neurons injured by glutamate or hypoxia. Planta medica, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Diospyros; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2007
Quantitative evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of thiopental sodium, propofol, and halothane on brain ischemia in the gerbil: effects of the anesthetics on ischemic depolarization and extracellular glutamate concentration. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2007, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Propofol; Thiopental; Time Factors	2007
Association between intracranial pulse pressure levels and brain energy metabolism in a patient with an aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2007, Volume: 51, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage	2007
Brain metabolism during a decrease in cerebral perfusion pressure caused by an elevated intracranial pressure in the porcine neocortex. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2007, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neocortex; Pyruvic Acid; Sus scrofa; Time Factors	2007
Protective role of reactive astrocytes in brain ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Gap Junctions; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Middle Cerebral Artery; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Receptor, Endothelin B; Vimentin	2008
Enantio-selective effects of clenbuterol in cultured neurons and astrocytes, and in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia. European journal of pharmacology, 2007, Dec-01, Volume: 575, Issue:1-3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Animals; Astrocytes; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Clenbuterol; Disease Models, Animal; Glucocorticoids; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; Stereoisomerism; Time Factors	2007
Brief ischemia causes long-term depression in midbrain dopamine neurons. The European journal of neuroscience, 2007, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Mesencephalon; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Signal Transduction; Substantia Nigra	2007
Neuroprotective effects of emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside in vivo and in vitro. European journal of pharmacology, 2007, Dec-22, Volume: 577, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Anthraquinones; Antioxidants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fallopia japonica; Glucosides; Glutamic Acid; Male; Malondialdehyde; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase	2007
Spontaneously hypertensive rats are highly vulnerable to AMPA-induced brain lesions. Stroke, 2007, Volume: 38, Issue:11 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Cell Death; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Hypertension; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Rats, Inbred WKY; Receptors, AMPA; Regional Blood Flow; Vascular Resistance	2007
Early release of HMGB-1 from neurons after the onset of brain ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Culture Media, Conditioned; Encephalitis; Endothelial Cells; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; HMGB1 Protein; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Receptors, Immunologic; RNA, Messenger; Toll-Like Receptor 2; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	2008
alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate attenuates glutamate-induced caspase-3 cleavage via regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta. Journal of neuroscience research, 2008, Volume: 86, Issue:5 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Binding Sites; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Reperfusion Injury; Signal Transduction; Time Factors	2008
Downregulation of glutamate transporters is associated with elevation in extracellular glutamate concentration following rat microsphere embolism. Neuroscience letters, 2008, Jan-17, Volume: 430, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 3; Extracellular Fluid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Embolism; Male; Microdialysis; Microspheres; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neurons; Potassium Chloride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Up-Regulation	2008
NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxic neuronal apoptosis in vitro and in vivo occurs in an ER stress and PUMA independent manner. Journal of neurochemistry, 2008, Volume: 105, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Epilepsy; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Tunicamycin	2008
Dimemorfan protects rats against ischemic stroke through activation of sigma-1 receptor-mediated mechanisms by decreasing glutamate accumulation. Journal of neurochemistry, 2008, Volume: 104, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Chemokine CCL2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Morphinans; Morpholines; NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Peroxidase; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, sigma; Reperfusion Injury; Sigma-1 Receptor; Signal Transduction; STAT1 Transcription Factor	2008
Neuroprotection and glutamate attenuation by acetylsalicylic acid in temporary but not in permanent cerebral ischemia. Experimental neurology, 2008, Volume: 210, Issue:2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspirin; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Interleukin-6; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Peroxidase; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors	2008
Neuroprotective effect of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with low priming volume: study in a rabbit model. The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon, 2008, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blood Volume; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Fluid; Follow-Up Studies; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Microscopy, Electron; Pyruvic Acid; Rabbits; Treatment Outcome	2008
Effect of combined ultrasound and microbubbles treatment in an experimental model of cerebral ischemia. Ultrasound in medicine & biology, 2008, Volume: 34, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lactic Acid; Male; Microbubbles; Microdialysis; Middle Cerebral Artery; Models, Animal; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulfur Hexafluoride; Thrombolytic Therapy; Ultrasonography	2008
Effect of nitrous oxide on neuronal damage and extracellular glutamate concentration as a function of mild, moderate, or severe ischemia in halothane-anesthetized gerbils. Anesthesiology, 2008, Volume: 108, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Matrix; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Nitrogen; Nitrous Oxide; Random Allocation; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors	2008
The differential effect of ischemia on the active uptake of dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and glutamate by brain synaptosomes. Journal of neurochemistry, 1982, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Arteries; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Synaptosomes	1982
Effects of anoxia on the stimulated release of amino acid neurotransmitters in the cerebellum in vitro. Journal of neurochemistry, 1983, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebellum; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tetrodotoxin	1983
[Motor activity and the content of neuroactive amino acids in brain tissues]. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1983, Volume: 96, Issue:7 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothalamus; Male; Physical Exertion; Rats	1983
Neurotransmitter amino acids in the CNS. II. Some changes in amino acid levels in rat brain synaptosomes during and after in vitro anoxia and simulated ischemia. Brain research, 1984, Jun-18, Volume: 304, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Culture Techniques; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptosomes; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine	1984
Neurotransmitter amino acids in the CNS. I. Regional changes in amino acid levels in rat brain during ischemia and reperfusion. Brain research, 1984, Jun-18, Volume: 304, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Synaptic Transmission; Taurine	1984
[Treatment of the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation in ischemic strokes]. Zhurnal nevropatologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (Moscow, Russia : 1952), 1984, Volume: 84, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Blood Transfusion; Brain Ischemia; Combined Modality Therapy; Dipyridamole; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heparin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phytic Acid; Plasma; Tocopherols; Vitamin E	1984
Effects of a spider toxin and its analogue on glutamate-activated currents in the hippocampal CA1 neuron after ischemia. Journal of neurophysiology, 1995, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kainic Acid; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Spider Venoms; Synapses	1995
Effects of K+, pH and glutamate on 45Ca kinetics in hippocampal brain slices. Journal of neuroscience methods, 1995, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Radioisotopes; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Male; Models, Biological; Potassium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	1995
Hippocampal slices: glutamate overflow and cellular damage from ischemia are reduced by sodium-channel blockade. Journal of neuroscience methods, 1995, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Phenytoin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium Channel Blockers; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors	1995
Intrauterine hypoxia-ischemia increases N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced cGMP formation and glutamate accumulation in cultured rat cerebellar granule cells. Pediatric research, 1995, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Arginine; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellar Diseases; Chronic Disease; Cyclic GMP; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Fetal Hypoxia; Gestational Age; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nitric Oxide Synthase; omega-N-Methylarginine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
Pharmacological modification of glutamate neurotoxicity in vivo. Brain research, 1993, Nov-26, Volume: 629, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Neurotoxins; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Pyrimidines; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	1993
Excitatory amino acid antagonists protect cochlear auditory neurons from excitotoxicity. The Journal of comparative neurology, 1994, Mar-08, Volume: 341, Issue:2 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cochlea; Cochlear Microphonic Potentials; Dendrites; Electrophysiology; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neurons, Afferent; Neurotransmitter Agents; Perfusion; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1994
L-NAME modulates glutamate accumulation induced by K(+)-depolarization but not by forebrain ischaemia in the rat striatum. Neuroscience letters, 1994, Jun-06, Volume: 174, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neostriatum; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1994
Propofol protects cultured rat hippocampal neurons against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated glutamate toxicity. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 1994, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Fetus; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Propofol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Time Factors	1994
Toxic NMDA-receptor activation occurs during recovery in a tissue culture model of ischemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Culture Techniques; Deoxyglucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotoxins; Piperazines; Potassium Cyanide; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1995
Increase in chloride-dependent L-glutamate transport activity in synaptic membrane after in vitro ischemic treatment. Journal of neurochemistry, 1995, Volume: 65, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Chlorides; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Synaptic Membranes	1995
Aminoacid recovery via microdialysis and photoinduced focal cerebral ischemia in brain cortex of rats. Neuroscience letters, 1995, Jun-16, Volume: 192, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Photochemistry; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reproducibility of Results; Rose Bengal; Taurine	1995
Inhibition of the high-affinity glutamate uptake system facilitates the massive potassium flux during cerebral ischaemia in vivo. Neurological research, 1995, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Kainic Acid; Microdialysis; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
Isradipine, a calcium channel blocker, attenuates the ischemia-induced release of dopamine but not glutamate in rats. Neuroscience letters, 1995, Mar-31, Volume: 188, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Isradipine; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Time Factors	1995
High extracellular potassium, and not extracellular glutamate, is required for the propagation of spreading depression. Journal of neurophysiology, 1995, Volume: 73, Issue:5 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Migraine Disorders; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
Blockers of NMDA-operated channels decrease glutamate and aspartate extracellular accumulation in striatum during forebrain ischaemia in rats. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; Magnesium; Male; Microdialysis; Prosencephalon; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1995
Changes in amino acid release and membrane potential during cerebral hypoxia and glucose deprivation. Neurological research, 1995, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors	1995
On the mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced membrane depolarization in striatal neurons. Brain : a journal of neurology, 1995, Volume: 118 ( Pt 4) Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Corpus Striatum; Electric Conductivity; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetraethylammonium; Tetraethylammonium Compounds; Tetrodotoxin	1995
Effects of a glutamate uptake inhibitor on glutamate release induced by veratridine and ischemia. Neurochemistry international, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Veratridine	1995
Neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo by cell membrane-permeant Ca2+ chelators. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1995, Volume: 22, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Indicators and Reagents; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Synaptic Transmission	1995
Insulin elevates hippocampal GABA levels during ischemia. This is independent of its hypoglycemic effect. Neuroscience, 1995, Volume: 67, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Male; Time Factors	1995
Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase increases extracellular cerebral glutamate concentration after global ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 1993, Jul-23, Volume: 157, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; Animals; Arginine; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Feedback; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion	1993
Effect of hypocapnia on extracellular glutamate and glycine concentrations during peri-ischemic period in the rabbit hippocampus. Journal of Korean medical science, 1994, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hyperventilation; Hypocapnia; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Rabbits	1994
Astrocytic swelling due to hypotonic or high K+ medium causes inhibition of glutamate and aspartate uptake and increases their release. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1995, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypotonic Solutions; Potassium; Rats; Temperature	1995
Acidosis causes failure of astrocyte glutamate uptake during hypoxia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1995, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Rats	1995
Isoflurane reduces ischemia-induced glutamate release in rats subjected to forebrain ischemia. Anesthesiology, 1995, Volume: 82, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Fentanyl; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothermia, Induced; Isoflurane; Male; Nitrous Oxide; Prosencephalon; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY	1995
Etomidate reduces ischemia-induced glutamate release in the hippocampus in rats subjected to incomplete forebrain ischemia. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1995, Volume: 80, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Etomidate; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Parietal Lobe; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Thiopental	1995
Intracerebral human microdialysis. In vivo study of an acute focal ischemic model of the human brain. Stroke, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microdialysis; Temporal Lobe	1995
Neuron specific enolase in asphyxiated newborns: association with encephalopathy and cerebral function monitor trace. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 1995, Volume: 72, Issue:1 Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Biomarkers; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Prognosis	1995
Protective effect of spreading depression against neuronal damage following cardiac arrest cerebral ischaemia. Neurological research, 1995, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cardiac Output, Low; Cell Survival; Cortical Spreading Depression; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Glutamic Acid; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microdialysis; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
A possible role for phospholipases in the release of neurotransmitter amino acids from ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Neuroscience letters, 1995, Feb-13, Volume: 185, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Phospholipases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
Intraischemic hypothermia decreases the release of glutamate in the cores of permanent focal cerebral infarcts. Neurosurgery, 1995, Volume: 36, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Microdialysis; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tissue Distribution	1995
Excitatory amino acids in neonatal brain: contributions to pathology and therapeutic strategies. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 1995, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Neurons; Nitric Oxide; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Signal Transduction	1995
BW1003C87 and NBQX but not CGS19755 reduce glutamate release and cerebral ischemic necrosis. European journal of pharmacology, 1994, Sep-12, Volume: 262, Issue:3 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Microdialysis; N-Methylaspartate; Necrosis; Neurons; Observer Variation; Pipecolic Acids; Prosencephalon; Pyrimidines; Quinoxalines; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Reperfusion Injury	1994
Glutamate-induced overexpression of NMDA receptor messenger RNAs and protein triggered by activation of AMPA/kainate receptors in rat hippocampus following forebrain ischemia. Brain research, 1994, Oct-03, Volume: 659, Issue:1-2 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Base Sequence; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Oligonucleotide Probes; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Riluzole; RNA, Messenger; Thiazoles	1994
Protein synthesis in the hippocampal slice: transient inhibition by glutamate and lasting inhibition by ischemia. Metabolic brain disease, 1994, Volume: 9, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344	1994
Neuroprotective effects of TGF-beta 1. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum, 1994, Volume: 43 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Chick Embryo; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Telencephalon; Transforming Growth Factor beta	1994
Neuroprotective properties of the novel antiepileptic lamotrigine in a gerbil model of global cerebral ischemia. Stroke, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery Diseases; Cell Death; Cognition; Disease Models, Animal; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lamotrigine; Male; Memory; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Pyramidal Cells; Reperfusion Injury; Triazines	1995
Progressive decrease in extracellular GABA concentrations in the post-ischemic period in the striatum: a microdialysis study. Brain research, 1994, Dec-12, Volume: 666, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Neostriatum; Nipecotic Acids; Proline; Substantia Nigra	1994
Protein synthesis and energy metabolism in hippocampal slices during extended (24 hours) recovery following different periods of ischemia. Metabolic brain disease, 1994, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Energy Metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats	1994
Glutamate efflux via the reversal of the sodium-dependent glutamate transporter caused by glycolytic inhibition in rat cultured astrocytes. Neuroscience, 1994, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Acidosis; Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Iodoacetates; Iodoacetic Acid; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium	1994
Cerebroprotective effect of BW619C89 after focal or global cerebral ischaemia in the rat. Neuroreport, 1993, Sep-30, Volume: 4, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery, Common; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebral Infarction; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344	1993
Glucose can fuel glutamate uptake in ischemic brain. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1994, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1994
Combination therapy protects ischemic brain in rats. A glutamate antagonist plus a gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist. Stroke, 1994, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Combinations; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Learning; Male; Microspheres; Motor Activity; Muscimol; Organ Size; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time	1994
BW619C89, a glutamate release inhibitor, protects against focal cerebral ischemic damage. Stroke, 1994, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Piperazines; Pyrimidines	1994
Dopamine has inhibitory and accelerating effects on ischemia-induced neuronal cell damage in the rat striatum. Brain research bulletin, 1994, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microdialysis; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1994
Excitatory amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid of asphyxiated infants: relationship to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1993, Volume: 82, Issue:11 Topics: Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Brain Ischemia; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Liquid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Neurotransmitter Agents; Severity of Illness Index; Taurine	1993
Relevance of interstitial glutamate to selective vulnerability in focal cerebral ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1994, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regression Analysis; Reperfusion; Time Factors	1994
Calcium green-5N, a novel fluorescent probe for monitoring high intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations associated with glutamate excitotoxicity in cultured rat brain neurons. Neuroscience letters, 1993, Nov-12, Volume: 162, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cyanides; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Neurons; Organic Chemicals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1993
Survival-promoting and protein kinase C-regulating roles of basic FGF for hippocampal neurons exposed to phorbol ester, glutamate and ischaemia-like conditions. The European journal of neuroscience, 1993, Dec-01, Volume: 5, Issue:12 Topics: 1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Isoquinolines; Molecular Sequence Data; Neurons; Piperazines; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	1993
[Effect of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) on brain tissue arachidonic acid and extracellular glutamate level in complete cerebral ischemia in rats]. No to shinkei = Brain and nerve, 1994, Volume: 46, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Depression, Chemical; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1994
Neuroprotective effects of a use-dependent blocker of voltage-dependent sodium channels, BW619C89, in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1994, Volume: 269, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channel Gating; Male; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers	1994
Over-additive protective effect of dizocilpine and NBQX against neuronal damage. European journal of pharmacology, 1994, Mar-03, Volume: 253, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug Synergism; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Mice; Neurons; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA	1994
In vivo acidosis reduces extracellular concentrations of taurine and glutamate in the rat hippocampus. Journal of neuroscience research, 1994, Apr-01, Volume: 37, Issue:5 Topics: 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid; Acidosis; Animals; Antiporters; Bicarbonates; Brain Ischemia; Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; Chlorides; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Osmotic Pressure; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; Taurine	1994
Glutamate release in the gerbil hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neuroreport, 1994, Apr-14, Volume: 5, Issue:8 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Arteries; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistry; Male; Microdialysis	1994
Decreased glutamate release during hypothyroidism may contribute to protection in cerebral ischemia. Experimental neurology, 1994, Volume: 128, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothyroidism; Male; Microdialysis; Propylthiouracil; Thyroidectomy; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine	1994
Characterization of glutamate, aspartate, and GABA release from ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Brain research bulletin, 1994, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycoproteins; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tetrodotoxin	1994
Differential temperature sensitivity of ischemia-induced glutamate release and eicosanoid production in rats. Brain research, 1994, Jul-11, Volume: 650, Issue:2 Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Caudate Nucleus; Dinoprost; Eicosanoids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothermia; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reperfusion; Thromboxane B2	1994
Indomethacin modulates ischemia-evoked release of glutamate and adenosine from the rat cerebral cortex. Brain research, 1994, Aug-01, Volume: 652, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Indomethacin; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion	1994
Neuroprotective effects of tetrodotoxin as a Na+ channel modulator and glutamate release inhibitor in cultured rat cerebellar neurons and in gerbil global brain ischemia. Stroke, 1994, Volume: 25, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Transport; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tetrodotoxin; Veratridine	1994
Minimum alveolar concentration for halothane in the rat is resistant to effects of forebrain ischemia and reperfusion. Anesthesiology, 1994, Volume: 81, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Halothane; Male; Prosencephalon; Pulmonary Alveoli; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion	1994
Cerebral mitochondrial redox states during metabolic stress in the immature rat. Brain research, 1994, Aug-08, Volume: 653, Issue:1-2 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxybutyrates; Hypoglycemia; Hypoxia; Ketoglutaric Acids; Mitochondria; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stress, Physiological	1994
Limiting ischemic injury by inhibition of excitatory amino acid release. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1993, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Male; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1993
In situ changes in purine nucleotide and N-acetyl concentrations upon inducing global ischemia in cat brain. Magnetic resonance in medicine, 1993, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylation; Adenosine; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Choline; Creatine; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Purine Nucleotides; Taurine	1993
Relationship between extracellular neurotransmitter amino acids and energy metabolism during cerebral ischemia in rats monitored by microdialysis and in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Brain research, 1993, Mar-05, Volume: 605, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1993
Redistribution of glutamate and glutamine in slices of human neocortex exposed to combined hypoxia and glucose deprivation in vitro. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1993, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Humans; Hypoxia; Immunohistochemistry; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron; Tissue Distribution	1993
Transforming growth factor-beta 1 prevents glutamate neurotoxicity in rat neocortical cultures and protects mouse neocortex from ischemic injury in vivo. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1993, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Transforming Growth Factor beta	1993
Changes in amino acid neurotransmitters and cerebral blood flow in the ischemic penumbral region following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat: correlation with histopathology. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1993, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Differential Threshold; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1993
Effect of potassium channel modulators on the release of glutamate induced by ischaemic-like conditions in rat hippocampal slices. Neuroscience letters, 1993, Apr-30, Volume: 153, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tetrodotoxin	1993
Effect of S-emopamil, nimodipine, and mild hypothermia on hippocampal glutamate concentrations after repeated cerebral ischemia in rabbits. Stroke, 1993, Volume: 24, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothermia; Nimodipine; Osmolar Concentration; Rabbits; Recurrence; Verapamil	1993
Sympathetic stimulation with physostigmine worsens outcome from incomplete brain ischemia in rats. Anesthesiology, 1993, Volume: 79, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Epinephrine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Norepinephrine; Physostigmine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stimulation, Chemical; Sympathetic Nervous System	1993
Cell-permeant Ca2+ chelators reduce early excitotoxic and ischemic neuronal injury in vitro and in vivo. Neuron, 1993, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Membrane Permeability; Chelating Agents; Egtazic Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Spinal Cord	1993
MK-801, a glutamate antagonist, lowers flow threshold for inhibition of protein synthesis after middle cerebral artery occlusion of rat. Neuroscience letters, 1993, May-28, Volume: 155, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Constriction; Differential Threshold; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Leucine; Male; Proteins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1993
Intracellular ion concentrations in the brain: approaches towards in situ confocal imaging. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1993, Volume: 333 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ions; Lasers; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1993
Glutamate uptake and glutamate content in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes during anoxia, substrate deprivation and simulated ischemia under normothermic and hypothermic conditions. Brain research, 1993, Aug-06, Volume: 618, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Hypoxia, Brain; Mice	1993
Sustained changes in acetylcholine and amino acid contents of brain regions following microsphere embolism in rats. Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1993, Volume: 62, Issue:3 Topics: Acetylcholine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Male; Microspheres; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine; Tetrazolium Salts	1993
Methylcobalamin attenuates the hypoxia/hypoglycemia- or glutamate-induced reduction in hippocampal fiber spikes in vitro. European journal of pharmacology, 1995, Aug-15, Volume: 281, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoglycemia; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Vitamin B 12	1995
Lowered brain glutathione by diethylmaleate decreased the glutamate release induced by cerebral ischemia in anesthetized rats. Brain research, 1995, Nov-06, Volume: 698, Issue:1-2 Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Maleates; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1995
Comparison of biochemical disturbances in hippocampal slices of gerbil and rat during and after in vitro ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 1995, Oct-13, Volume: 199, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Arginine; Brain Ischemia; Cyclic GMP; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitroarginine; Rats	1995
A comparison of the effects of a sodium channel blocker and an NMDA antagonist upon extracellular glutamate in rat focal cerebral ischemia. Brain research, 1995, Nov-13, Volume: 699, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Channel Blockers; Time Factors	1995
Effects of hypothermia on the rate of excitatory amino acid release after ischemic depolarization. Stroke, 1996, Volume: 27, Issue:5 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart Arrest; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Membrane Potentials; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1996
Neuroexcitatory amino acids and their relation to infarct size and neurological deficit in ischemic stroke. Stroke, 1996, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Neurologic Examination; Severity of Illness Index; Taurine; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	1996
A use-dependent sodium channel antagonist, 619C89, in reduction of ischemic brain damage and glutamate release after acute subdural hematoma in the rat. Journal of neurosurgery, 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural; Male; Piperazines; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium Channel Blockers; Threonine	1996
Effects of hypothermia, pentobarbital, and isoflurane on postdepolarization amino acid release during complete global cerebral ischemia. Anesthesiology, 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypothermia, Induced; Isoflurane; Male; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1996
Accumulation of cytotoxins during the development of seizures and edema after hypoxic-ischemic injury in late gestation fetal sheep. Pediatric research, 1996, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cytotoxins; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Female; Fetal Hypoxia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gestational Age; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Nitric Oxide; Pregnancy; Reperfusion Injury; Seizures; Sheep; Time Factors	1996
Clenbuterol protects mouse cerebral cortex and rat hippocampus from ischemic damage and attenuates glutamate neurotoxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons by induction of NGF. Brain research, 1996, Apr-22, Volume: 717, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Clenbuterol; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	1996
In vivo evidence of hydroxyl radical formation induced by elevation of extracellular glutamate after cerebral ischemia in the cortex of anesthetized rats. Free radical biology & medicine, 1996, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Glutamic Acid; Hydroxyl Radical; Hydroxylation; Kinetics; Male; Microdialysis; Oxidative Stress; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	1996
Intracerebral microdialysis of glutamate and aspartate in two vascular territories after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery, 1996, Volume: 38, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aneurysm, Ruptured; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Female; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic; Postoperative Complications; Prognosis; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Synaptic Transmission; Temporal Lobe; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	1996
Flupirtine protects neurons against excitotoxic or ischemic damage and inhibits the increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. European journal of pharmacology, 1995, Dec-29, Volume: 294, Issue:2-3 Topics: Aminopyridines; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1995
The role of remaining presynaptic terminals in the hippocampal CA1 after selective neuronal death: ischemia-induced glutamate efflux. Acta neuropathologica, 1996, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Presynaptic Terminals	1996
Development of brain damage after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia: excitatory amino acids and cysteine. Metabolic brain disease, 1996, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Time Factors	1996
Extended studies on the effect of glutamate antagonists on ischemic CA-1 damage. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 1996, Volume: 66 Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Brain Mapping; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Premedication; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1996
The relationship between glutamate release and cerebral blood flow after focal cerebral ischaemia in the cat: effect of pretreatment with enadoline (a kappa receptor agonist). Brain research, 1996, Mar-18, Volume: 712, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Benzofurans; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Microdialysis; Pyrrolidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stereotaxic Techniques; Tyrosine	1996
Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of glutamate and GABA during perinatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia and seizures. Brain research, 1996, Feb-19, Volume: 709, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Brain Ischemia; Convulsants; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Seizures; Time Factors	1996
Neuroprotective effects of lamotrigine in global ischemia in gerbils. A histological, in vivo microdialysis and behavioral study. Brain research, 1995, Dec-08, Volume: 702, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Ischemia; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Lamotrigine; Male; Microdialysis; Reaction Time; Time Factors; Triazines	1995
Effects of dexmedetomidine on hypoxia-evoked glutamate release and glutamate receptor activity in hippocampal slices. Anesthesiology, 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Imidazoles; In Vitro Techniques; Medetomidine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1996
Hypothermia and isoflurane similarly inhibit glutamate release evoked by chemical anoxia in rat cortical brain slices. Anesthesiology, 1996, Volume: 85, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temperature	1996
Differences in the amount of glutamate released by neonatal and adult synaptosomes under conditions of in vitro ischaemia/reperfusion. Biochemical Society transactions, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Synaptosomes	1996
Mechanisms of glutamate and aspartate release in the ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Brain research, 1996, Aug-19, Volume: 730, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; Male; Phospholipases; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1996
The immunosuppressant FK506 ameliorates ischaemic damage in the rat brain. Acta physiologica Scandinavica, 1996, Volume: 158, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Tacrolimus	1996
Is glia disfunction the initial cause of neuronal death in ischemic penumbra? Neurological research, 1996, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Citrates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microdialysis; Neuroglia; Neurons; Potassium; Protons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1996
Mechanism of glutamate release from rat hippocampal slices during in vitro ischemia. Neuroscience, 1996, Volume: 75, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Veratridine	1996
Selegiline enhances NGF synthesis and protects central nervous system neurons from excitotoxic and ischemic damage. European journal of pharmacology, 1996, Nov-07, Volume: 315, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; RNA, Messenger; Selegiline	1996
Relationship between extracellular glutamate concentration and voltage-sensitive calcium channel function in focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1996, Volume: 16, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channels; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Electric Stimulation; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1996
[Low-energy He-Ne-laser-induced neurochemical changes during brain ischemia/reperfusion and their integral estimation using a factor analysis model]. Doklady Akademii nauk, 1996, Volume: 350, Issue:6 Topics: Adenine Nucleotides; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Glutamic Acid; Laser Therapy; Male; Phospholipids; Rats; Reperfusion Injury	1996
EC-IC bypass improves chronic ischemia in a patient with moyamoya disease secondary to sickle cell disease: an in vivo microdialysis study. Neurological research, 1997, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Revascularization; Collateral Circulation; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Microdialysis; Moyamoya Disease	1997
Duration of glutamate release after acute ischemic stroke. Stroke, 1997, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Disease Progression; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors	1997
Immediate and delayed effects of in vitro ischemia on glutamate efflux from guinea-pig cerebral cortex slices. Brain research, 1997, Mar-21, Volume: 751, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Ouabain; Potassium Chloride; Sodium; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors	1997
Modulation of ischemic excitatory neurotransmitter and gamma-aminobutyric acid release during global temporary cerebral ischemia by selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 84, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Indazoles; Male; Microdialysis; Neurons; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1997
Modulation of ischemic excitatory neurotransmitter and gamma-aminobutyric acid release during global temporary cerebral ischemia by local nitric oxide synthase inhibition. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 84, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Microdialysis; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion	1997
Lesioning of deep prepiriform cortex protects against ischemic neuronal necrosis by attenuating extracellular glutamate concentrations. Journal of neurochemistry, 1997, Volume: 69, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclooxygenase 2; Extracellular Space; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Situ Hybridization; Isoenzymes; Male; Microdialysis; Necrosis; Neurons; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Seizures	1997
Inhibition by anion channel blockers of ischemia-evoked release of excitotoxic and other amino acids from rat cerebral cortex. Brain research, 1997, May-30, Volume: 758, Issue:1-2 Topics: 4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Ion Channels; Male; Nitrobenzoates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1997
Effect of carbon dioxide on cerebral metabolism during hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rat. Pediatric research, 1997, Volume: 42, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Citric Acid Cycle; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypercapnia; Hypocapnia; Hypoxia, Brain; Phosphates; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1997
2-Iminothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid produces hippocampal CA1 lesions independent of seizure excitation and glutamate receptor activation. Neurotoxicology, 1997, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Proline; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures	1997
Potassium channel opener reduces extracellular glutamate concentration in rat focal cerebral ischemia. Brain research bulletin, 1997, Volume: 43, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzopyrans; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Male; Potassium Channels; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1997
Real-time monitoring of the effects of normothermia and hypothermia on extracellular glutamate re-uptake in the rat following global brain ischemia. Neuroreport, 1997, Jul-07, Volume: 8, Issue:9-10 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	1997
Glutamate measured by 6-s resolution brain microdialysis: capillary electrophoretic and laser-induced fluorescence detection application. Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications, 1997, Jul-04, Volume: 694, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis Solutions; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Glutamic Acid; Lasers; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Time Factors	1997
Roles of phospholipases A2 in brain cell and tissue injury associated with ischemia and excitotoxicity. Journal of lipid mediators and cell signalling, 1997, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Isoenzymes; Lysophospholipids; Neurons; Phospholipases A; Phospholipases A2; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species	1997
Mechanisms underlying the rapid depolarization produced by deprivation of oxygen and glucose in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons in vitro. Journal of neurophysiology, 1997, Volume: 78, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; GABA Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Time Factors	1997
Hypoxia-ischemia causes abnormalities in glutamate transporters and death of astroglia and neurons in newborn striatum. Annals of neurology, 1997, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Cell Death; Cell Movement; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Neurons; Putamen; Swine; Symporters	1997
Effects of electroacupuncture on extracellular contents of amino acid neurotransmitters in rat striatum following transient focal cerebral ischemia. Acupuncture & electro-therapeutics research, 1997, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Electroacupuncture; Excitatory Amino Acids; Fluorescence; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine	1997
The effect of glucose during ischemia on brain ATP, lactate, and glutamate in piglets. Biology of the neonate, 1997, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Glucose; Glucose Clamp Technique; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemic Agents; Hypoxia, Brain; Insulin; Lactic Acid; Random Allocation; Swine; Time Factors	1997
GABA and glutamate levels in the substantia nigra reticulata following repetitive cerebral ischemia in gerbils. Experimental neurology, 1997, Volume: 147, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Convalescence; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Recurrence; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors	1997
Attenuated glutamate release during ischemia in ethanol-administered gerbils. Neuroreport, 1997, Oct-20, Volume: 8, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Central Nervous System Depressants; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ethanol; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1997
In vitro ischemia promotes glutamate-mediated free radical generation and intracellular calcium accumulation in hippocampal pyramidal neurons. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1997, Dec-01, Volume: 17, Issue:23 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Hypoxia; Energy Metabolism; Fluorescent Dyes; Free Radicals; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ion Transport; Membrane Potentials; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Reperfusion Injury; Rhodamine 123; Rhodamines	1997
Intracellular free Ca2+ elevations in cultured astroglia induced by neuroligands playing a role in cerebral ischemia. Acta chirurgica Hungarica, 1997, Volume: 36, Issue:1-4 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Extracellular Space; Fluorescent Dyes; Fura-2; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Serotonin; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasopressins	1997
Glutamate uptake and Na,K-ATPase activity in rat astrocyte cultures exposed to ischemia. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 1997, Volume: 70 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase	1997
Exocytotic and nonexocytotic modes of glutamate release from cultured cerebellar granule cells during chemical ischaemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 1998, Volume: 70, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cytoplasm; Deoxyglucose; Dizocilpine Maleate; Exocytosis; Fluorescent Dyes; Glutamic Acid; Macrolides; Neurons; omega-Conotoxins; Peptides; Pyridinium Compounds; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Sodium Cyanide; Tetanus Toxin; Time Factors	1998
Changes in excitatory amino acid levels and tissue energy metabolites of neonate rat brain after hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 1998, Jan-09, Volume: 240, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxia; Malondialdehyde; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthine	1998
Oligodendrocytes from forebrain are highly vulnerable to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity. Nature medicine, 1998, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Antioxidants; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Glutamic Acid; Growth Substances; Hypoxia; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Microinjections; Oligodendroglia; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Signal Transduction; Time Factors	1998
Lubeluzole protects hippocampal neurons from excitotoxicity in vitro and reduces brain damage caused by ischemia. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Jan-26, Volume: 342, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Stereoisomerism; Thiazoles	1998
Effects of pharmacological inhibition of glutamate-uptake on ischaemia-induced glutamate efflux and anoxic depolarization latency. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 357, Issue:3 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dicarboxylic Acids; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines	1998
Release of endogenous glutamate, aspartate, GABA, and taurine from hippocampal slices from adult and developing mice under cell-damaging conditions. Neurochemical research, 1998, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Aging; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Potassium; Taurine	1998
The diazoxide derivative IDRA 21 enhances ischemic hippocampal neuron injury. Annals of neurology, 1998, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Diazoxide; Diuretics; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neurotoxins; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, AMPA; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors	1998
Glutamate, glutamine, and GABA as substrates for the neuronal and glial compartments after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Stroke, 1998, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Acetates; Amino Acids; Animals; Arteries; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Isotopes; Cytosol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hydrogen; Infusions, Intravenous; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Neuroglia; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substrate Specificity; Tissue Extracts; Veins	1998
Cortical brain microdialysis and temperature monitoring during hypothermic circulatory arrest in humans. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1998, Volume: 64, Issue:5 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Aged; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Energy Metabolism; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Female; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest, Induced; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Aneurysm; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Intraoperative Complications; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiologic	1998
Changes in brain organic osmolytes in experimental cerebral ischemia. Journal of the neurological sciences, 1998, Apr-15, Volume: 157, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Creatine; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycerylphosphorylcholine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Methylamines; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Taurine	1998
Comparison of the changes in protein kinase C induced by glutamate in primary cortical neurons and by in vivo cerebral ischaemia. Cellular signalling, 1998, Volume: 10, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Enzyme Induction; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1998
Striatal glutamate release is important for development of ischemic damage to striatal neurons during rat heatstroke. Brain research, 1998, Jun-08, Volume: 795, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Heat Stroke; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1998
Real-time measurement of ischemia-evoked glutamate release in the cerebral cortex of four and eleven vessel rat occlusion models. Brain research, 1998, May-18, Volume: 793, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Time Factors	1998
[Magnesium in cerebrospinal fluid in acute cerebral ischemia: its relation to glutamate neurotoxicity]. Revista de neurologia, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:153 Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Brain Ischemia; Calorimetry; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Magnesium; Male; Middle Aged	1998
Peroxynitrite causes aspartate release from dissociated rat cerebellar granule neurones. Free radical research, 1998, Volume: 28, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cerebellar Cortex; Dithiothreitol; Egtazic Acid; Glutamic Acid; Ion Transport; Kainic Acid; Membrane Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sodium; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Superoxides; Tetrodotoxin	1998
An increase in extracellular glutamate is a sensitive method of detecting ischaemic neuronal damage during cranial base and cerebrovascular surgery. An in vivo microdialysis study. Acta neurochirurgica, 1998, Volume: 140, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Revascularization; Chondrosarcoma; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Intraoperative Complications; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Neurofibroma; Neurologic Examination; Skull Base Neoplasms	1998
Nitric oxide in mechanisms of brain damage induced by neurotoxic effect of glutamate. Biochemistry. Biokhimiia, 1998, Volume: 63, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Rats; Signal Transduction	1998
Factors affecting excitatory amino acid release following severe human head injury. Journal of neurosurgery, 1998, Volume: 89, Issue:4 Topics: Amino Acids; Brain Concussion; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Size; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Craniocerebral Trauma; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Exocytosis; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Homeostasis; Humans; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure; Male; Microdialysis; Presynaptic Terminals; Treatment Outcome; Ventriculostomy	1998
Effects of mild and moderate hypothermia on cerebral metabolism and glutamate in an experimental head injury. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 1998, Volume: 71 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Capillary Permeability; Cats; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Head Injuries, Closed; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Pressure; Oxygen Consumption; Regional Blood Flow	1998
Modulation of ischemia-evoked release of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids by adenosine A1 receptor agonist. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Sep-18, Volume: 357, Issue:2-3 Topics: Adenosine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Regional Blood Flow; Taurine	1998
Attenuated neurotransmitter release and spreading depression-like depolarizations after focal ischemia in mutant mice with disrupted type I nitric oxide synthase gene. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1998, Nov-15, Volume: 18, Issue:22 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Ethanolamines; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Serine; Taurine	1998
Suppression of hyperemia after brain ischemia by L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine. Neuroreport, 1998, Sep-14, Volume: 9, Issue:13 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Survival; Droxidopa; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperemia; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Regional Blood Flow; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors	1998
Attenuation of focal ischemic brain injury in mice deficient in the epsilon1 (NR2A) subunit of NMDA receptor. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1998, Dec-01, Volume: 18, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Gene Expression; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neurotoxins; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1998
Spreading depression determines acute cellular damage in the hippocampal slice during oxygen/glucose deprivation. The European journal of neuroscience, 1998, Volume: 10, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Hypoxia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Membrane Potentials; Neurons; Ouabain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temperature	1998
Effects of brain temperature on CBF thresholds for extracellular glutamate release and reuptake in the striatum in a rat model of graded global ischemia. Neuroreport, 1998, Oct-05, Volume: 9, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Fever; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Male; Microdialysis; Microelectrodes; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1998
Neuroprotective effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist, Bay X 3702, demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. European journal of pharmacology, 1998, Oct-23, Volume: 359, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Benzopyrans; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Long-Evans; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Thiazoles	1998
Increase in extracellular glutamate caused by reduced cerebral perfusion pressure and seizures after human traumatic brain injury: a microdialysis study. Journal of neurosurgery, 1998, Volume: 89, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Pressure; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Wounds and Injuries	1998
[The effect of wuto granules on the levels of excitatory amino acids in extracellullar fluid of rat hippocampus following cerebral ischemia]. Hunan yi ke da xue xue bao = Hunan yike daxue xuebao = Bulletin of Hunan Medical University, 1997, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain Ischemia; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1997
Minimal effect of brain temperature changes on glutamate release in rat following severe global brain ischemia: a dialysis electrode study. Neuroreport, 1998, Dec-01, Volume: 9, Issue:17 Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature Regulation; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY	1998
Inhibition of ischemia-induced glutamate release in rat striatum by dihydrokinate and an anion channel blocker. Stroke, 1999, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glutamic Acid; Ion Pumps; Kainic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stilbenes	1999
Lamotrigine attenuates cortical glutamate release during global cerebral ischemia in pigs on cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology, 1999, Volume: 90, Issue:3 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Lamotrigine; Oxygen; Swine; Triazines	1999
[Levels of neurotransmitter amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute ischemic stroke]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova, 1999, Volume: 99, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurotransmitter Agents; Prognosis; Time Factors	1999
Effect of ketamine on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. Brain research, 1999, Feb-20, Volume: 819, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carotid Artery Diseases; Female; Functional Laterality; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hypoxia, Brain; Ketamine; Male; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors	1999
Anoxia-induced dopamine release from rat striatal slices: involvement of reverse transport mechanism. Journal of neurochemistry, 1999, Volume: 72, Issue:4 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Hypoxia; Male; Neurons; Nomifensine; Organ Culture Techniques; Ouabain; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; Tritium	1999
Pathogenic mechanisms in ischemic damage: a computational study. Computers in biology and medicine, 1999, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Algorithms; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Computer Simulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Potassium; Tissue Survival	1999
Effects of hyperosmolarity and ion substitutions on amino acid efflux from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Brain research, 1999, May-15, Volume: 828, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Chlorides; Choline; Diuretics, Osmotic; Electroencephalography; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gluconates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Mannitol; Meglumine; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium; Sucrose; Taurine; Water-Electrolyte Balance	1999
Energy metabolism and NAD-NADH redox state in brain slices in response to glutamate exposure and ischemia. Metabolic brain disease, 1999, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Energy Metabolism; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Membranes; Lactic Acid; NAD; Oxidation-Reduction; Phosphates; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	1999
Enalapril and moexipril protect from free radical-induced neuronal damage in vitro and reduce ischemic brain injury in mice and rats. European journal of pharmacology, 1999, May-28, Volume: 373, Issue:1 Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Apoptosis; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Blood Pressure; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carcinogens; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Arteries; Chick Embryo; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enalapril; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Isoquinolines; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Staurosporine; Tetrahydroisoquinolines	1999
No association between Glu/Asp polymorphism of NOS3 gene and ischemic stroke. Neurology, 1999, Jul-22, Volume: 53, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Alleles; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Odds Ratio; Polymorphism, Genetic	1999
Hypothermia ameliorates ischemic brain damage and suppresses the release of extracellular amino acids in both normo- and hyperglycemic subjects. Experimental neurology, 1999, Volume: 158, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hyperglycemia; Hypothermia; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seizures; Time Factors	1999
New insights on flow-independent mechanisms of 99mTc-HMPAO retention in nervous tissue: in vitro study. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine, 1999, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Azides; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime	1999
Ischaemic pre-conditioning in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures is inversely correlated to the induction of the 72 kDa heat shock protein (HSP72). Brain research, 1999, Oct-23, Volume: 845, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Heat-Shock Proteins; Hippocampus; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Ischemic Preconditioning; Kainic Acid; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Degeneration; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1999
NBPA: a cerebral ischaemic protective agent. Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 1999, Volume: 26, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Benzofurans; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Energy Metabolism; Enzyme Activation; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, fos; Glutamic Acid; Guinea Pigs; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Myocardium; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Rats; Tumor Cells, Cultured	1999
Bedside detection of brain ischemia using intracerebral microdialysis: subarachnoid hemorrhage and delayed ischemic deterioration. Neurosurgery, 1999, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Intracranial Aneurysm; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Point-of-Care Systems; Postoperative Complications; Prognosis; Pyruvic Acid; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vasospasm, Intracranial	1999
Selective inhibition of NAALADase, which converts NAAG to glutamate, reduces ischemic brain injury. Nature medicine, 1999, Volume: 5, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carboxypeptidases; Culture Techniques; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enzyme Inhibitors; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; Glutamic Acid; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neuroprotective Agents; Organophosphorus Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stroke	1999
The interaction of temperature with thiopental and etomidate on extracellular dopamine and glutamate levels in Wistar-Kyoto rats subjected to forebrain ischemia. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1999, Volume: 43, Issue:10 Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Etomidate; Glutamic Acid; Homovanillic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Microdialysis; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY; Reperfusion; Thiopental	1999
Nicergoline enhances glutamate re-uptake and protects against brain damage in rat global brain ischemia. European journal of pharmacology, 1999, Nov-03, Volume: 383, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Corpus Striatum; Glutamic Acid; Male; Nicergoline; Rats; Rats, Inbred WKY	1999
CSF glutamate during hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rat. Brain research. Developmental brain research, 1999, Dec-10, Volume: 118, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	1999
The relationship between the apparent diffusion coefficient measured by magnetic resonance imaging, anoxic depolarization, and glutamate efflux during experimental cerebral ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Diffusion; Electrophysiology; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2000
Hyperglycemia enhances extracellular glutamate accumulation in rats subjected to forebrain ischemia. Stroke, 2000, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Alanine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glycine; Hyperglycemia; Male; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serine; Taurine	2000
Rapid ischemic cell death in immature oligodendrocytes: a fatal glutamate release feedback loop. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2000, Jan-01, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Feedback; Glutamic Acid; Necrosis; Oligodendroglia; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Glutamate	2000
Intraoperative enzyme-amperometric monitoring of extracellular glutamate concentration with a dialysis electrode in ischemic human brain. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 1999, Volume: 75 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Electrodes, Implanted; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Intraoperative; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Time Factors	1999
Unravelling adenosine's effects on stroke. Molecular medicine today, 2000, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Gene Deletion; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuroprotective Agents; Phenotype; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Stroke	2000
Pre-ischaemic administration of procaine suppresses ischaemic glutamate release and reduces neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampus. British journal of anaesthesia, 1999, Volume: 83, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Procaine	1999
Glutamate release in severe brain ischaemia is mainly by reversed uptake. Nature, 2000, Jan-20, Volume: 403, Issue:6767 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exocytosis; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Ion Transport; Models, Neurological; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Potassium; Potassium Channels; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptic Transmission	2000
Glutamate does not mediate acute neuronal damage after spreading depression induced by O2/glucose deprivation in the hippocampal slice. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Evoked Potentials; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Oxygen; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temperature	2000
Is pharmacological neuroprotection dependent on reduced glutamate release? Stroke, 2000, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter	2000
ALS-linked Cu/Zn-SOD mutation impairs cerebral synaptic glucose and glutamate transport and exacerbates ischemic brain injury. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Superoxide Dismutase; Synapses	2000
Topical glucose and accumulation of excitotoxic and other amino acids in ischemic cerebral cortex. Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2000, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebral Cortex; Ethanolamines; Excitatory Amino Acids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hyperglycemia; Male; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Taurine	2000
omega-agatoxin IVA-sensitive Ca(2+) channel blocker, alpha-eudesmol, protects against brain injury after focal ischemia in rats. European journal of pharmacology, 2000, Apr-07, Volume: 394, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cerebral Infarction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; omega-Agatoxin IVA; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Sesquiterpenes, Eudesmane; Terpenes	2000
For ischemic brain damage, is preclinical evidence of neuroprotection by presynaptic blockade of glutamate release enough? Medical hypotheses, 2000, Volume: 54, Issue:1 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Neuroprotective Agents; Synapses	2000
Ischemia but not anoxia evokes vesicular and Ca(2+)-independent glutamate release in the dorsal vagal complex in vitro. Journal of neurophysiology, 2000, Volume: 83, Issue:5 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Brain Stem; Calcium; Chloride Channels; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemic Agents; Hypoxia, Brain; In Vitro Techniques; Indoles; Male; Neurons; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sulfonylurea Compounds; Synaptic Transmission; Tolbutamide; Vagus Nerve	2000
Acute decrease in net glutamate uptake during energy deprivation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000, May-09, Volume: 97, Issue:10 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Dicarboxylic Acids; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Organ Culture Techniques; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrrolidines; Quinoxalines; Rats	2000
Neurotoxicity after hypoxia/during ischemia due to glutamate with/without free radicals as revealed by dynamic changes in glucose metabolism. Brain research, 2000, May-26, Volume: 865, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cyclic N-Oxides; Dizocilpine Maleate; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitrogen Oxides; Radiopharmaceuticals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2000
Hyperglycemia and extracellular glutamate in the ischemic brain. Stroke, 2000, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Glycolysis; Hippocampus; Hyperglycemia; Ion Transport; Prosencephalon; Rats; Time Factors	2000
NOC/oFQ contributes to hypoxic-ischemic impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced cerebral vasodilation. Brain research, 2000, Jun-16, Volume: 868, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pia Mater; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Swine; Vasodilation	2000
Transporter reversal as a mechanism of glutamate release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex: studies with DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate. Brain research, 2000, Jun-16, Volume: 868, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Taurine	2000
On the regulation of ischaemia-induced glutamate efflux from rat cortex by GABA; in vitro studies with GABA, clomethiazole and pentobarbitone. British journal of pharmacology, 2000, Volume: 130, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Chlormethiazole; Female; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A	2000
Dexmedetomidine-induced stimulation of glutamine oxidation in astrocytes: a possible mechanism for its neuroprotective activity. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dexmedetomidine; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hypoxia, Brain; Mice; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Oxidation-Reduction	2000
The effect of topical insulin on the release of excitotoxic and other amino acids from the rat cerebral cortex during streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic ischemia. Brain research, 2000, Jul-28, Volume: 872, Issue:1-2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Glucose; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Excitatory Amino Acids; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hyperglycemia; Insulin; Lactic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion; Taurine	2000
Effects of adenosine agonists and an antagonist on excitatory transmitter release from the ischemic rabbit hippocampus. Brain research, 2000, Jul-28, Volume: 872, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electroencephalography; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Injections, Intravenous; Microdialysis; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rabbits; Reperfusion; Theophylline; Xanthines	2000
No association between Glu/Asp polymorphism of NOS3 gene and ischemic stroke. Neurology, 2000, Aug-08, Volume: 55, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Child; Child, Preschool; Genetic Linkage; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Infant; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Polymorphism, Genetic; Stroke	2000
Effect of carnosine on rats under experimental brain ischemia. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 2000, Volume: 191, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carnosine; Exploratory Behavior; Glutamic Acid; Male; Maze Learning; Monoamine Oxidase; N-Methylaspartate; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synaptosomes	2000
Protective effect of gamma-glutamylethylamide (theanine) on ischemic delayed neuronal death in gerbils. Neuroscience letters, 2000, Aug-11, Volume: 289, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Count; Cell Death; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Reperfusion Injury	2000
Diethylmaleate decreased ascorbic acid release induced by cerebral ischemia in cerebral cortex of the anesthetized rat. The Chinese journal of physiology, 2000, Jun-30, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Anesthesia; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Cerebral Cortex; Dicarboxylic Acids; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamate Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Glutamic Acid; Glutathione; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Maleates; Microdialysis; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Symporters	2000
Influence of different anaesthetics on extracellular aminoacids in rat brain. Journal of neuroscience methods, 2000, Sep-15, Volume: 101, Issue:2 Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthetics; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2000
Hypothermia inhibits ischemia-induced efflux of amino acids and neuronal damage in the hippocampus of aged rats. Brain research, 2000, Nov-24, Volume: 884, Issue:1--2 Topics: Aging; Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Taurine	2000
Yawning responses induced by local hypoxia in the paraventricular nucleus of the rat. Behavioural brain research, 2000, Dec-20, Volume: 117, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Male; Microinjections; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Donors; Nitroso Compounds; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sensory Thresholds; Sodium Cyanide; Stereotyped Behavior; Yawning	2000
[Focal cerebral ischaemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion and the neuroprotective effect of ketoprofen in rats]. Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 2000, Volume: 58, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Case-Control Studies; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Glutamic Acid; Ketoprofen; Middle Cerebral Artery; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Statistics, Nonparametric	2000
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ inhibits ischaemia-induced glutamate efflux from rat cerebrocortical slices. Neuroreport, 2000, Nov-27, Volume: 11, Issue:17 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid	2000
NMDA and AMPA/kainate glutamate receptors modulate dentate neurogenesis and CA3 synapsin-I in normal and ischemic hippocampus. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2000, Volume: 20, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Division; Dentate Gyrus; Dizocilpine Maleate; Down-Regulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Male; Memory; Microinjections; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Quinoxalines; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Synapsins	2000
Neuroprotective effects of allopregnenolone on hippocampal irreversible neurotoxicity in vitro. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2000, Volume: 24, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channels; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Pregnenolone; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2000
The effects of LY393613, nimodipine and verapamil, in focal cerebral ischaemia. European journal of pharmacology, 2001, Jan-05, Volume: 411, Issue:1-2 Topics: Amines; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Butanes; Calcium Channel Blockers; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Endothelin-1; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microdialysis; Nimodipine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Verapamil	2001
Observations on the relationship between the extracellular changes of taurine and glutamate during cortical spreading depression, during ischemia, and within the area surrounding a thrombotic infarct. Amino acids, 2000, Volume: 19, Issue:3-4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Cortical Spreading Depression; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Taurine	2000
Inhibition of evoked glutamate release by the neuroprotective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist BAY x 3702 in vitro and in vivo. Brain research, 2001, Jan-05, Volume: 888, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Benzopyrans; Brain Ischemia; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Microdialysis; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Synaptic Transmission; Thiazoles	2001
Excitatory amino acid concentrations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid after severe traumatic brain injury in infants and children: the role of child abuse. The Journal of pediatrics, 2001, Volume: 138, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Aspartic Acid; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Ventricles; Child; Child Abuse; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glasgow Coma Scale; Glasgow Outcome Scale; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Humans; Infant; Prognosis; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	2001
Adaptive plasticity in tachykinin and tachykinin receptor expression after focal cerebral ischemia is differentially linked to gabaergic and glutamatergic cerebrocortical circuits and cerebrovenular endothelium. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2001, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Endothelium, Vascular; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Neurokinin B; Neuronal Plasticity; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Neurokinin-3; Receptors, Tachykinin; RNA, Messenger; Substance P; Tachykinins; Venules	2001
Effect of acute alcohol on ischemia-induced glutamate release and brain damage. Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Ischemia; Ethanol; Frontal Lobe; Glutamic Acid; Kinetics; Male; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rose Bengal	2000
DOPA cyclohexyl ester, a competitive DOPA antagonist, protects glutamate release and resultant delayed neuron death by transient ischemia in hippocampus CA1 of conscious rats. Neuroscience letters, 2001, Feb-23, Volume: 299, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Levodopa; Male; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Organ Culture Techniques; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury	2001
Real-time measurement of glutamate release from the ischemic penumbra of the rat cerebral cortex using a focal middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Neuroscience letters, 2001, Feb-16, Volume: 299, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Membrane Potentials; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Time Factors	2001
Neuroprotective properties of nootropic dipeptide GVS-111 in in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate toxicity and oxidative stress. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2000, Volume: 130, Issue:10 Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Dipeptides; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Nootropic Agents; Oxidative Stress; Oxygen; Piracetam; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2000
Characterization of transient focal ischemia-induced increases in extracellular glutamate and aspartate in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain research bulletin, 2000, Volume: 53, Issue:6 Topics: Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Aspartic Acid; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Reperfusion Injury; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors	2000
Real-time, two-dimensional visualization of ischaemia-induced glutamate release from hippocampal slices. The European journal of neuroscience, 2001, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Alanine; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Line; Computer Systems; Dentate Gyrus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Hot Temperature; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Microscopy, Video; Potassium; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Solutions; Taurine	2001
The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on the release of excitotoxic and other amino acids from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Neurosurgery, 2001, Volume: 48, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Amino Acids; Animals; Blood Glucose; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Chronic Disease; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Male; Neurotoxins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Reperfusion Injury	2001
Anoxic depolarization mediates acute damage independent of glutamate in neocortical brain slices. Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2001, Volume: 11, Issue:3 Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cortical Spreading Depression; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Kynurenic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Neocortex; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Glutamate	2001
A novel neuronal cell protecting substance mescengricin produced by Streptomyces griseoflavus. Journal of Asian natural products research, 2000, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carbolines; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Chick Embryo; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Models, Chemical; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Streptomyces; Structure-Activity Relationship	2000
A modified roller method for organotypic brain cultures: free-floating slices of postnatal rat hippocampus. Brain research. Brain research protocols, 2001, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Histological Techniques; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroglia; Neurons; Organ Culture Techniques	2001
A synthetic inhibitor of p53 protects neurons against death induced by ischemic and excitotoxic insults, and amyloid beta-peptide. Journal of neurochemistry, 2001, Volume: 77, Issue:1 Topics: Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Benzothiazoles; Brain Ischemia; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; DNA; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glutamic Acid; Kainic Acid; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Neurons; Prodrugs; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizures; Thiazoles; Toluene; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53	2001
The combination of lamotrigine and mild hypothermia prevents ischemia-induced increase in hippocampal glutamate. Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2001, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypothermia, Induced; Lamotrigine; Male; Microdialysis; Rabbits; Triazines	2001
Lubeluzole inhibits accumulation of extracellular glutamate in the hippocampus during transient global cerebral ischemia. Brain research, 2001, Apr-20, Volume: 898, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Piperidines; Rabbits; Reperfusion Injury; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; Thiazoles	2001
Extracellular glutamate changes in rat striatum during ischemia determined by a novel dialysis electrode and conventional microdialysis. Neurochemistry international, 2001, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Electrodes; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sensitivity and Specificity	2001
Simultaneous monitoring of extracellular glucose, pyruvate, lactate and glutamate in gerbil cortex during focal cerebral ischemia by dual probe microdialysis. Journal of chromatography. A, 2001, Apr-13, Volume: 913, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calibration; Cerebral Cortex; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactates; Male; Microdialysis; Pyruvates; Tacrolimus	2001
1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of permanent focal cerebral ischemia in rat: longitudinal metabolic changes in ischemic core and rim. Brain research, 2001, Jul-13, Volume: 907, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biomarkers; Brain Ischemia; Caudate Nucleus; Circle of Willis; Energy Metabolism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Gyrus Cinguli; Ligation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Necrosis; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatosensory Cortex; Time Factors	2001
Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in primates monitored by microdialysis and sequential positron emission tomography. Stroke, 2001, Volume: 32, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxanthine; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lactic Acid; Macaca mulatta; Microdialysis; Oxygen Consumption; Pyruvic Acid; Reperfusion Injury; Tomography, Emission-Computed	2001
Effects of hypothermia on intracranial hemodynamics and ischemic brain damage-studies in the rat acute subdural hematoma model. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement, 2000, Volume: 76 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural; Hemodynamics; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Pressure; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2000
Neuroprotective effect of recombinant human erythropoietin in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of neurosurgical sciences, 2001, Volume: 45, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Erythropoietin; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Nitric Oxide; Rabbits; Recombinant Proteins; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Vasoconstriction	2001
Cortical spreading depression and the pathogenesis of brain disorders: a computational and neural network-based investigation. Neurological research, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Death; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cortical Spreading Depression; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hallucinations; Humans; Ion Channels; Membrane Potentials; Migraine Disorders; Models, Neurological; Nerve Degeneration; Neural Networks, Computer; Potassium; Sodium	2001
Post-insult activity is a major cause of delayed neuronal death in organotypic hippocampal slices exposed to glutamate. Neuroscience, 2001, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Epilepsy; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Net; Neurotoxins; Organ Culture Techniques; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Tetrodotoxin; Time Factors	2001
Neuroprotective efficacy of AR-A008055, a clomethiazole analogue, in a global model of acute ischaemic stroke and its effect on ischaemia-induced glutamate and GABA efflux in vitro. Neuropharmacology, 2001, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Chlormethiazole; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Methylamines; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stroke; Thiazoles	2001
Relation of cerebral energy metabolism and extracellular nitrite and nitrate concentrations in patients after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2001, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Male; Microdialysis; Middle Aged; Nitrates; Nitric Oxide; Nitrites; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; Vasospasm, Intracranial	2001
Thiopentone and methohexital, but not pentobarbitone, reduce early focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2001, Volume: 48, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Electroencephalography; Free Radicals; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methohexital; Nitric Oxide; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR; Thiopental	2001
Post-ischemic administration of DY-9760e, a novel calmodulin antagonist, reduced infarct volume in the permanent focal ischemia model of spontaneously hypertensive rat. Neurological research, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Brain Infarction; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamic Acid; Indazoles; Male; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR	2001
Effects of sevoflurane on dopamine, glutamate and aspartate release in an in vitro model of cerebral ischaemia. British journal of anaesthesia, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Culture Techniques; Dopamine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Methyl Ethers; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sevoflurane	2001
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on striatal metabolites: a microdialysis study in awake freely moving rats after MCA occlusion. Brain research, 2001, Oct-19, Volume: 916, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Energy Metabolism; Extracellular Space; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Hyperbaric Oxygenation; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lactic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Movement; Neurons; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Time Factors; Wakefulness	2001
[Effect of guizhi fuling pills on the changes of Ca2+ and amino acids in rats with cerebral ischemia and reperfusion]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica, 1998, Volume: 23, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Drug Combinations; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Random Allocation; Rats; Reperfusion Injury	1998
Different dynamic patterns of extracellular glutamate release in rat hippocampus after permanent or 30-min transient cerebral ischemia and histological correlation. Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology, 2001, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Necrosis; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Up-Regulation	2001
Neuroprotective effect of aspirin by inhibition of glutamate release after permanent focal cerebral ischaemia in rats. Journal of neurochemistry, 2001, Volume: 79, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aspirin; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344	2001
Profiles of glutamate and GABA efflux in core versus peripheral zones of focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Neuroscience letters, 2001, Nov-09, Volume: 313, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microdialysis; Time Factors	2001
Neurotoxicity of glutamate uptake inhibition in vivo: correlation with succinate dehydrogenase activity and prevention by energy substrates. Neuroscience, 2001, Volume: 106, Issue:4 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Acetoacetates; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Convulsants; Creatine; Dicarboxylic Acids; Drug Interactions; Energy Metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Pyrrolidines; Pyruvic Acid; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Succinate Dehydrogenase	2001
Oxygen radicals in cerebral ischemia: the 2001 Willis lecture. Stroke, 2001, Volume: 32, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Reactive Oxygen Species; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reperfusion Injury; Vasodilation	2001
Neuroprotective actions in vivo and electrophysiological actions in vitro of 202W92. Brain research, 2001, Nov-23, Volume: 919, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Infarction; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Membrane Potentials; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Sodium Channel Blockers; Sodium Channels; Substantia Nigra; Synaptic Transmission; Telencephalon	2001
Phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein in hippocampal neurons as a protective response after exposure to glutamate in vitro and ischemia in vivo. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2001, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dizocilpine Maleate; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Ischemic Preconditioning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neurons; Oligonucleotides; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Signal Transduction; Transcriptional Activation	2001
Neurometabolic changes during treatment with moderate hypothermia in a patient suffering from severe middle cerebral artery infarction. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2001, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Brain Ischemia; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Glycerol; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	2001
In vivo cellular uptake of glutamate is impaired in the rat hippocampus during and after transient cerebral ischemia: a microdialysis extraction study. Journal of neuroscience research, 2001, Dec-15, Volume: 66, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Nerve Degeneration; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Synaptic Transmission; Tritium	2001
Isoflurane prevents delayed cell death in an organotypic slice culture model of cerebral ischemia. Anesthesiology, 2002, Volume: 96, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Isoflurane; Neuroprotective Agents; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley	2002
Inhibition of glutamate release via recovery of ATP levels accounts for a neuroprotective effect of aspirin in rat cortical neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation. Stroke, 2002, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Aspirin; Biological Transport; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Respiration; Cells, Cultured; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Mitochondria; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Rats, Wistar	2002
Elevation of extracellular glutamate in the final, ischemic stage of progressive epidural mass lesion in cats. Journal of neurotrauma, 2001, Volume: 18, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Epidural Space; Extracellular Space; Glutamic Acid; Intracranial Hypertension; Parietal Lobe; Radiography; Tomography, Emission-Computed	2001
Prevention of in vivo excitotoxicity by a family of trialkylglycines, a novel class of neuroprotectants. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2002, Volume: 301, Issue:1 Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; Cyclic GMP; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Excitatory Amino Acids; Glutamic Acid; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mice; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Oligopeptides; Peptoids; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Silver Staining	2002
Low-dose Carbicarb improves cerebral outcome after asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats. Annals of emergency medicine, 2002, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Asphyxia; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carbonates; Cell Death; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Glutamic Acid; Heart Arrest; Hippocampus; Neurons; Rats; Recovery of Function; Reperfusion Injury; Sodium Bicarbonate; Treatment Outcome	2002
Adequate cerebral perfusion pressure during rewarming to prevent ischemic deterioration after therapeutic hypothermia. Neurological research, 2002, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia, Induced; Intracranial Pressure; Rewarming	2002
Inhibition of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 augments brain edema after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Neuroscience letters, 2002, May-17, Volume: 324, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamic Acid; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuroglia; Neurotoxins; Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; Reperfusion Injury; Water-Electrolyte Balance	2002
Adverse cerebral events detected after subarachnoid hemorrhage using brain oxygen and microdialysis probes. Neurosurgery, 2002, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Brain; Brain Ischemia; Carbon Dioxide; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebral Infarction; Disabled Persons; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactic Acid; Microdialysis; Monitoring, Physiologic; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Prospective Studies; Pyruvic Acid; Recurrence; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Treatment Outcome	2002
A neuroprotective role for gap junctions. Cell communication & adhesion, 2001, Volume: 8, Issue:4-6 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Brain Ischemia; Carbenoxolone; Cell Communication; Cells, Cultured; Central Nervous System; Coculture Techniques; Connexin 43; Disease Models, Animal; Gap Junctions; Glutamic Acid; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neurons	2001
Effects of magnesium sulfate on energy metabolites and glutamate in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in the gerbil monitored by a dual-probe microdialysis technique. Life sciences, 2002, Jul-05, Volume: 71, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebral Infarction; Energy Metabolism; Gerbillinae; Glucose; Glutamic Acid; Lactic Acid; Magnesium Sulfate; Microdialysis; Pyruvic Acid; Reperfusion Injury	2002
Fibroblast growth factor-2 requires glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor for exerting its neuroprotective actions on glutamate-lesioned hippocampal neurons. Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 2002, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Apoptosis; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Cells, Cultured; Cytokines; Drosophila Proteins; Drug Interactions; Female; Fetus; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Membrane Microdomains; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphorylation; Pregnancy; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction	2002
Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in Persephin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2002, Jul-09, Volume: 99, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Ischemia; Calcium Signaling; Cell Death; Glutamic Acid; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Recombinant Proteins; Stroke	2002
Dihydrolipoate reduces neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1992, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Nervous System; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rectum; Thioctic Acid; Thiourea	1992
Excitatory transmitter amino acid release from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex: effects of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists. Journal of neurochemistry, 1992, Volume: 58, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Purinergic Antagonists; Quinazolines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Purinergic; Triazoles; Xanthines	1992
1H spectroscopic imaging of rat brain at 7 tesla. Magnetic resonance in medicine, 1992, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Choline; Creatine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344	1992
In vitro evidence supporting two mechanisms of action for the anion transport inhibitor L-644,711 in cerebral ischaemia. Neurological research, 1992, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anions; Astrocytes; Biological Transport; Brain Ischemia; Cell Aggregation; Fluorenes; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; In Vitro Techniques; Neutrophils; Rabbits; Superoxides	1992
Adenosine receptor blockade augments interstitial fluid levels of excitatory amino acids during cerebral ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1992, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxanthine; Hypoxanthines; Male; Neurotoxins; Purinergic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Theophylline; Xanthine; Xanthines	1992
Concomitant increases in the extracellular concentrations of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the rat hippocampus during forebrain ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 1992, Mar-16, Volume: 137, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Death; Consciousness; Ethanolamines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hippocampus; Male; Neurotoxins; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Taurine	1992
Flow thresholds for extracellular purine catabolite elevation in cat focal ischemia. Brain research, 1992, May-08, Volume: 579, Issue:2 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Auditory Cortex; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebral Arteries; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrodes; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Purines; Somatosensory Cortex	1992
Changes in extracellular glutamate concentration produced in the rat striatum by repeated ischemia. Stroke, 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1992
Neuroprotective effects of phenyl-t-butyl-nitrone in gerbil global brain ischemia and in cultured rat cerebellar neurons. Brain research, 1992, Mar-06, Volume: 574, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; Cyclic N-Oxides; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gerbillinae; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Neurons; Nitrogen Oxides; Prosencephalon; Rats	1992
Striatal protection induced by lesioning the substantia nigra of rats subjected to focal ischemia. Journal of neurochemistry, 1992, Volume: 59, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Infarction; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Oxidopamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra	1992
Neuroprotective effect of WEB 1881 FU (nebracetam) on an ischemia-induced deficit of glucose uptake in rat hippocampal and cerebral cortical slices and CA1 field potential in hippocampal slices. Japanese journal of pharmacology, 1992, Volume: 58, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Benzoquinones; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Deoxyglucose; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Parasympathomimetics; Pentobarbital; Pyrrolidinones; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ubiquinone	1992
Effect of dichloroacetate on recovery of brain lactate, phosphorus energy metabolites, and glutamate during reperfusion after complete cerebral ischemia in rats. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1992, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cations; Dichloroacetic Acid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Phosphocreatine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Water	1992
The effect of cyclohexyladenosine on the periischemic increases of hippocampal glutamate and glycine in the rabbit. Journal of neurochemistry, 1992, Volume: 59, Issue:5 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hippocampus; Rabbits	1992
Protective effect of synaptic inhibition during cerebral ischemia in rats and rabbits. Stroke, 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Learning; Male; Muscimol; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury	1992
Differing neurochemical and morphological sequelae of global ischemia: comparison of single- and multiple-insult paradigms. Journal of neurochemistry, 1992, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Ischemia; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thalamus; Time Factors	1992
Inhibition of glutamate release in rat hippocampus by kynurenic acid does not protect CA1 cells from forebrain ischemia. Brain research, 1992, Oct-02, Volume: 592, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Body Temperature; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kynurenic Acid; Male; Neurons; Prosencephalon; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1992
The influence of moderate hypothermia on cellular calcium uptake in complete ischaemia: implications for the excitotoxic hypothesis. Acta physiologica Scandinavica, 1992, Volume: 146, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypothermia; Ion Transport; Male; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Wistar	1992
Use of cell cultures to differentiate among effects of various ischemia factors on astrocytic cell volume. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1992, Volume: 70 Suppl Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Astrocytes; Body Water; Brain Ischemia; Cells, Cultured; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Mice; Oxygen Consumption; Potassium; Potassium Chloride; Sodium	1992
Mechanism of detection of acute cerebral ischemia in rats by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance microscopy. Stroke, 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Diffusion; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; N-Methylaspartate; Ouabain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Staining and Labeling	1992
Effects of glutamate, quisqualate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate in neonatal brain. Experimental neurology, 1991, Volume: 111, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; N-Methylaspartate; Organ Specificity; Phosphocreatine; Quisqualic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1991
Correlation of the extracellular glutamate concentration with extent of blood flow reduction after subdural hematoma in the rat. Journal of neurosurgery, 1991, Volume: 74, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Hematoma, Subdural; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Regression Analysis; Valine	1991
[Phospholipid metabolism in brain ischemia]. Tanpakushitsu kakusan koso. Protein, nucleic acid, enzyme, 1991, Volume: 36, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Phosphatidylinositols; Phospholipids; Triglycerides	1991
The effects of hypothermia on amino acid neurotransmitter release from the cerebral cortex. Neuroscience letters, 1991, Mar-11, Volume: 124, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Secretory Rate	1991
Ischemia does not induce the release of excitotoxic amino acids from the hippocampus of newborn rats. Brain research. Developmental brain research, 1991, Jun-21, Volume: 60, Issue:2 Topics: Aging; Allopurinol; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Kinetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1991
Calcium-dependent glutamate release concomitant with massive potassium flux during cerebral ischemia in vivo. Brain research, 1991, Aug-30, Volume: 558, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cobalt; Dialysis; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1991
Excitotoxic mechanisms, and age-related susceptibility to brain damage in ischemia, hypoglycemia and toxic mussel poisoning. Neurotoxicology, 1991,Fall, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Aging; Animals; Bivalvia; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Disease Susceptibility; Foodborne Diseases; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoglycemia; Neurons	1991
Differences in transmitter release, morphology, and ischemia-induced cell injury between cerebellar granule cell cultures developing in the presence and in the absence of a depolarizing potassium concentration. Brain research. Developmental brain research, 1991, Nov-19, Volume: 63, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Cell Count; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cerebellum; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Immunochemistry; Membrane Potentials; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Neurons; Potassium; Synaptophysin	1991
Hypoxia-ischemia stimulates hippocampal glutamate efflux in perinatal rat brain: an in vivo microdialysis study. Pediatric research, 1991, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological Transport, Active; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Dialysis; Disease Models, Animal; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1991
Effect of phenylsuccinate on potassium- and ischemia-induced release of glutamate in rat hippocampus monitored by microdialysis. Neuroscience letters, 1991, Dec-16, Volume: 134, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Carrier Proteins; Dicarboxylic Acid Transporters; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Mitochondria; Potassium; Rats; Sodium; Succinates	1991
A new enzymatic cycling technique for glutamate determination in brain microdialysates. Journal of neurochemistry, 1990, Volume: 54, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dialysis; Extracellular Space; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Male; NAD; Time Factors	1990
Effects of hypoxia-ischemia and MK-801 treatment on the binding of a phencyclidine analogue in the developing rat brain. Stroke, 1990, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Autoradiography; Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; N-Methylaspartate; Phencyclidine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Tritium	1990
Excitatory amino acid release and free radical formation may cooperate in the genesis of ischemia-induced neuronal damage. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1990, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Free Radicals; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Oxygen; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Amino Acid; Receptors, Cell Surface; Xanthine; Xanthine Oxidase; Xanthines	1990
Glutamate-mediated selective vulnerability to ischemia is present in organotypic cultures of hippocampus. Neuroscience letters, 1990, Aug-24, Volume: 116, Issue:3 Topics: Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Culture Techniques; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Osmolar Concentration; Time Factors	1990
Electrophysiological evidence for activation of NMDA receptors and its antagonism by MK-801 in cerebral ischemia. Brain research, 1990, Nov-05, Volume: 532, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Dizocilpine Maleate; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potentials; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurons; Rats; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1990
Time-sequential change of amino acid neurotransmitters--GABA, aspartate and glutamate--in the rat basal ganglia following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurological research, 1990, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucose; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra	1990
Role of neuroexcitation in development of blood-brain barrier and oedematous changes following cerebral ischaemia and traumatic brain injury. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 1990, Volume: 51 Topics: Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Calcium; Gerbillinae; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Serum Albumin	1990
Effect of glutamate and its antagonist on shift of water from extra- to intracellular space after cerebral ischaemia. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 1990, Volume: 51 Topics: Animals; Body Water; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Extracellular Space; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Fluid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1990
Ischaemic brain damage associated with tissue hypermetabolism in acute subdural haematoma: reduction by a glutamate antagonist. Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum, 1990, Volume: 51 Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; Hematoma, Subdural; Male; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate	1990
NMDA receptors trigger excitement. Science (New York, N.Y.), 1988, Jan-15, Volume: 239, Issue:4837 Topics: Aspartic Acid; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Electrophysiology; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Heart Diseases; Humans; Ion Channels; Learning; Memory; Neurons; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Synapses	1988
Hypobaric-ischemic conditions produce glutamate-like cytopathology in infant rat brain. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Atmospheric Pressure; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Microscopy, Electron; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1989
Ischemic flow threshold for extracellular glutamate increase in cat cortex. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Differential Threshold; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Extracellular Space; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Osmolar Concentration	1989
Ischemic damage in hippocampal CA1 is dependent on glutamate release and intact innervation from CA3. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cell Survival; Dialysis; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Osmolar Concentration; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1989
Alterations in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex following focal cerebral ischemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Arteries; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Dizocilpine Maleate; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter	1989
[New aspects of the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage. Possible involvement of excitatory amino acids]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1989, Sep-20, Volume: 109, Issue:26 Topics: Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuroglia	1989
Elevated concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in human ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (vCSF) during episodes of increased CSF pressure and clinical signs of impaired brain circulation. Neuroscience letters, 1985, Nov-20, Volume: 62, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Female; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracranial Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Osmolar Concentration; Tomography, X-Ray Computed	1985
Lesions to Schaffer collaterals prevent ischemic death of CA1 pyramidal cells. Neuroscience letters, 1986, Jul-24, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Binding Sites; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Male; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1986
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia disrupts striatal high-affinity [3H]glutamate uptake into synaptosomes. Journal of neurochemistry, 1986, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Brain Ischemia; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia; Kinetics; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Synaptosomes; Time Factors	1986
Inhibition of excitatory neurotransmission with kynurenate reduces brain edema in neonatal anoxia. Neuroscience letters, 1986, Nov-21, Volume: 71, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aspartic Acid; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Kynurenic Acid; Rats	1986
[Regional and time-sequential changes in amino acid neurotransmitters after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat]. No to shinkei = Brain and nerve, 1986, Volume: 38, Issue:11 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Basal Ganglia; Brain; Brain Ischemia; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors	1986
Hypoxia-ischemia produces focal disruption of glutamate receptors in developing brain. Brain research, 1987, Volume: 431, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Hypoxia, Brain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Neurotransmitter	1987
Extracellular overflow of glutamate, aspartate, GABA and taurine in the cortex and basal ganglia of fetal lambs during hypoxia-ischemia. Neuroscience letters, 1987, Aug-05, Volume: 78, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; Asphyxia; Brain Ischemia; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Fetus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glutamic Acid; Hypoxia, Brain; Sheep; Taurine; Telencephalon	1987
Focal cerebral ischaemia in the cat: treatment with the glutamate antagonist MK-801 after induction of ischaemia. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 1988, Volume: 8, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Aspartic Acid; Brain Ischemia; Cats; Dibenzocycloheptenes; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamic Acid; N-Methylaspartate	1988