glucosepane and Metabolic-Diseases

Glycation, oxidation, nitration, and crosslinking of proteins are implicated in the pathogenic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Related modified amino acids formed by proteolysis are excreted in urine. We quantified urinary levels of these metabolites and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in healthy subjects and assessed changes in early-stage decline in metabolic, vascular, and renal health and explored their diagnostic utility for a noninvasive health screen. We recruited 200 human subjects with early-stage health decline and healthy controls. Urinary amino acid metabolites were determined by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Machine learning was applied to optimise and validate algorithms to discriminate between study groups for potential diagnostic utility. Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N

Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Female; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Glycosylation; Humans; Kidney; Lysine; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Oxidation-Reduction; Severity of Illness Index; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tyrosine; Vascular Diseases