glucagon-like-peptide-1 and Phenylketonurias

Dietary management of phenylketonuria (PKU) requires the replacement of natural protein-containing foods with special low protein foods. The effect of a PKU type diet on factors contributing to energy balance requires investigation.. To investigate the impact of a PKU type meal on appetite ratings, gut appetite hormones, thermic effect of feeding (TEF) and fat oxidation.. Twenty-three healthy adults (mean ± SD age: 24.3 ± 5.1 years; BMI: 22.4 ± 2.5 kg/m. Responses of appetite ratings, plasma concentrations of GLP-1 and PYY (P > 0.05, trial effect, two-way ANOVA) and energy intake during ad libitum buffet dinner (P > 0.05, paired t-test) were not significantly different between the two trials. The TEF (PKU, 10.2 ± 1.5%; Control, 13.2 ± 1.0%) and the total amount of fat oxidized (PKU, 18.90 ± 1.10 g; Control, 22.10 ± 1.10 g) were significantly (P < 0.05, paired t-tests) lower in the PKU than in the Control trial. The differences in TEF and fat oxidation were significant (P < 0.05, paired t-tests) for the post-meal period.. Consumption of a meal composed of special low protein foods has no detrimental impact on appetite and appetite hormones but produces a lower TEF and postprandial fat oxidation than an ordinary meal. These metabolic alterations may contribute to the increased prevalence of obesity reported in patients with PKU on contemporary dietary management.. The trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials as NCT02440932.

Topics: Adult; Appetite; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Cross-Over Studies; Diet, Protein-Restricted; Dietary Fats; Eating; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Insulin; Male; Obesity; Oxidation-Reduction; Peptide YY; Phenylketonurias; Postprandial Period; Thermogenesis; Young Adult