glanatec and Conjunctival-Diseases

Glaucoma leads to irreversible blindness. Numerous anti-glaucoma eye drops have been developed. Unfortunately, many patients with glaucoma still suffer from progressive visual disorders. Recently, ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate, a selective Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, was launched for the treatment of glaucoma. However, adverse events, such as conjunctival hyperemia, are often noted in clinical trials using healthy subjects. Therefore, we investigated the onset, offset, and kinetic changes of conjunctival hyperemia induced by ripasudil ophthalmic solution in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had already been treated with anti-glaucoma eye drops other than ripasudil. Conjunctival hyperemia was evaluated by both clinical grading by 3 ophthalmic physicians and pixel coverage of conjunctival blood vessels determined by conjunctival hyperemia-analyzing software. Conjunctival hyperemia appeared within 10 min post-instillation in most of the participants. Clinical grade and pixel coverage increased significantly 10 min post-instillation and then decreased. In most of the participants, hyperemia resolved within 2 h. Median conjunctival hyperemia offset was 90 min. A tendency of monotonic increase was observed between clinical grade and pixel coverage. Taken altogether, hyperemia induced by ripasudil was transient in glaucoma patients who had already been treated with anti-glaucoma eye drops other than ripasudil.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Conjunctival Diseases; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hyperemia; Isoquinolines; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Ophthalmic Solutions; Prospective Studies; Sulfonamides; Young Adult

Topics: Aged; Blepharitis; Conjunctival Diseases; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hyperemia; Intraocular Pressure; Isoquinolines; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions; Retrospective Studies; rho-Associated Kinases; Safety; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome

We investigated the detailed time course of conjunctival hyperemia induced by ripasudil 0.4%, a novel Rho-kinase inhibitor anti-glaucoma eye drop, in healthy subjects.. We recruited 51 healthy subjects and administered ripasudil 0.4% in their right eye. We evaluated conjunctival hyperemia using slit lamp photography and measured the intraocular pressure (IOP) using the Icare PRO Rebound Tonometer at baseline and after 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. The conjunctival hyperemia score was graded by three independent observers on a scale of 0 (none) to 3 (severe). Additionally, we analyzed the "percent coverage" of conjunctival hyperemia by using an automated hyperemia analysis software program; this program provides the pixel coverage of the conjunctival vessels in the region of interest. Dunnett and Steel multiple comparison tests were used, as appropriate, for the subsequent analyses.. The conjunctival hyperemia score and percent coverage increased rapidly after the instillation of ripasudil 0.4%, peaking at 15 min (score: 1.83 ± 0.29 [mean ± SD]) and 5 min (11.6% ± 4.7%), respectively, and then gradually decreasing until 120 min (0.45 ± 0.22 and 4.7% ± 1.8%, respectively), when they reached a level that was not significantly different from the baseline values. The IOP decreased significantly compared to the baseline at 30, 60, and 90 min, based on the Dunnett test.. Conjunctival hyperemia induced by ripasudil 0.4% peaks rapidly to moderate severity, but subsides relatively quickly.

Topics: Adult; Conjunctiva; Conjunctival Diseases; Female; Glaucoma; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Hyperemia; Intraocular Pressure; Isoquinolines; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions; rho-Associated Kinases; Severity of Illness Index; Sulfonamides; Young Adult