ginsenoside-rg5 and Neoplasms

Ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5), a triterpene saponin, extracted from the natural herbal plant ginseng, is one of the most potent anticancer drugs against various carcinoma cells. However, the therapeutic potential of Rg5 is limited by its low solubility in water, poor bioavailability, and nontargeted delivery. Therefore, we prepared folic acid (FA)-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (FA-Rg5-BSA NPs) to improve the therapeutic efficacy and tumor targetability of Rg5.. Various aspects of the FA-Rg5-BSA NPs were characterized, including size, polydispersity, zeta potential, morphology, entrapment efficiency (EE), drug loading (DL), in vitro drug release, thermal stability, in vitro cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis, cellular uptake, in vivo antitumor effects and in vivo biodistribution imaging.. The FA-Rg5-BSA NPs showed a particle size of 201.4 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.081, uniform spherical shape, and drug loading of 12.64±4.02%. The aqueous solution of FA-Rg5-BSA NPs had favorable stability for 8 weeks at 4°C. The FA-Rg5-BSA NPs dissolved under acidic conditions. Moreover, the Rg5-BSA NPs and FA-Rg5-BSA NPs had advanced anticancer activity compared with Rg5 in MCF-7 cells, while poor cytotoxicity was observed in L929 cells. The FA-Rg5-BSA NPs facilitated cellular uptake and induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. In addition, in an MCF-7 xenograft mouse model, the in vivo antitumor evaluation revealed that FA-Rg5-BSA NPs were more effective in inhibiting tumor growth than Rg5 and Rg5-BSA NPs. The in vivo real-time bioimaging study showed that the FA-Rg5-BSA NPs exhibited superior tumor accumulation ability.. The results suggested that FA-Rg5-BSA NPs could serve as a promising system to improve the antitumor effect of Rg5.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Cattle; Cell Survival; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Folic Acid; Ginsenosides; Humans; Hydrodynamics; Inhibitory Concentration 50; MCF-7 Cells; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Particle Size; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Tissue Distribution

The objective of this project was to examine saponin and carbohydrate conversion, and to evaluate the antitumor activity of a novel ready-to-eat flavored black ginseng (FBG). The results of chemical experiments showed that common saponins in ginseng such as ginsenoside Re, Rg1, Rb1, etc., are almost completely converted to rare saponins and aglycones such as ginsenoside Rg5, protopanaxadiol (PPD), etc., and non-reducing sugars such as starch are almost completely degraded into reducing sugars as affected by garlic juice and high temperature processing. Furthermore, pharmacological experimental results showed that this novel FBG could inhibit the growth of tumors in H

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Ginsenosides; Humans; Male; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neoplasms; Panax; Plant Extracts