ginsenoside-rd and Carcinoma--Hepatocellular

Combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P), a vascular disrupting agent (VDA), can cause rapid tumour vessel occlusion. Subsequently, extensive necrosis is discovered in the tumour center, which induces widespread hypoxia and the rise of the α subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma growth by combining CA4P with HIF-1 α inhibitor and investigate the mechanism of this combination.. Ginsenoside Rd (Rd) was used in combination with CA4P to estimate the inhibition effect in HepG2 cells and HepG2 xenograft mouse model. The efficacy of anti-tumour was evaluated by tumour growth curve. The protein expression of HIF-1α and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway were analysed by western blot.. Combination of CA4P and Rd inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. It also increased the necrotic area of the tumour and delayed the tumour growth. Moreover, Rd down-regulated HIF-1α protein expression by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway.. Combination of CA4P and Rd had synergistic anti-tumour effects. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of HIF-1α by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. This strategy provides a new thought for the combinative therapy of VDAs.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Apoptosis; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Drug Synergism; Ginsenosides; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction; Stilbenes; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays