gingerol and Sarcoma

[6]-Gingerol [(S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone] is a phenolic substance reported for several ethnopharmacological usage by virtue of its antioxidant, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. This study assessed the antitumoral effects of [6]-Gingerol in primary cells of Sarcoma 180 as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice.. The effect of [6]-Gingerol was assessed by applying cytogenetic biomarkers as indicative of genotoxicity, mutagenicity and apoptosis. Ascitic liquid cells were treated with [6]-Gingerol at concentrations of 21.33, 42.66 and 85.33 μM and subjected to the cytotoxicity assays using Trypan blue test and the comet assay, as well as the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Doxorubicin (6 μM) and hydrogen peroxide (85.33 μM) were used as positive controls.. [6]-Gingerol, especially at concentrations of 42.66 and 85.33 μM, showed notable cytotoxicity in Sarcoma 180 cells by reducing cell viability and cell division rates via induction of apoptosis. Genotoxicity at the concentrations used was punctuated by the increase in the index and frequency of DNA damage in tested groups. [6]-Gingerol, at all concentrations tested, did not induce significant aneugenic and/or clastogenic effects. It did, however, induced other nuclear abnormalities, such as nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds and apoptosis. The genotoxic effects observed in the cotreatment with H. Observations suggest that [6]-Gingerol may be a candidate for pharmaceutical antitumoral formulations due to its cytotoxicity and to mechanisms associated with genetic instability generated by nuclear alterations especially by apoptosis.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Catechols; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fatty Alcohols; Mice; Sarcoma

We screened various food components for their ability to inhibit doxorubicin (DOX) permeability in tumor cells in vitro with the aim of finding novel modulators. Capsaicin did not change DOX permeability in the tumor cells, although the capsaicin derivatives gingerol and ferulic acid tended to promote DOX efflux. Combinations of these components with DOX were also not effective. In contrast, cucurbitacin E significantly promoted DOX influx into tumor cells and increased DOX concentration in tumor cells. Furthermore, combined cucurbitacin E significantly suppressed DOX efflux from tumor cells and was shown to maintain the DOX level in tumor cells. It was also confirmed that the combination of cucurbitacin E with DOX resulted in effective cytotoxicity for tumor cells in culture. Additionally, the combination of cucurbitacin E and DOX showed increased cytotoxicity when compared to each treatment alone. In vivo, DOX alone treatment did not change the time course of tumor size or tumor weight of M5076 ovarian sarcoma, compared to control levels. In contrast, the combination of cucurbitacin E with DOX resulted in decreased tumor size and tumor weight, compared to that in DOX alone group, indicating effective antitumor activity. In conclusion, the combination of cucurbitacin E with DOX may be an effective tool with treated application in the cancer chemotherapy.

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Biological Transport; Capsaicin; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Catechols; Cell Line, Tumor; Coumaric Acids; Doxorubicin; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Synergism; Fatty Alcohols; Female; Male; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Permeability; Sarcoma; Triterpenes