gastrins and Nutrition-Disorders

The decline in duodenal ulcer disease and the established relation of peptic ulcer to Helicobacter pylori have virtually abolished the need for elective ulcer surgery. However, a substantial proportion of the population around retirement age has previously been subjected to partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer, and the long-term outcome of these patients is of continuing relevance. Patients subjected to elective surgery could represent a selected group of healthy subjects with a lower overall morbidity, but reports indicate that patients operated on for peptic ulcer have more advanced disease associated with excess smoking and a different pattern of social behavior. The surgical procedure induces enterogastric reflux, leading to profound changes in the remnant mucosa and the formation of carcinogens in the gastric juice. In addition, metabolic abnormalities are common, especially fat malabsorption. Evaluation of the impact of these factors on morbidity and mortality is difficult. Increased mortality in gastrointestinal tumors (especially gastric stump carcinoma), respiratory diseases and other smoking-related malignancies, and suicide are found in the long-term follow-up after partial gastric resection due to peptic ulcer. However, these hazards to life are offset by a decreased mortality in cardiovascular disease. Preventive measures against suicide and especially tobacco smoking are recommended to improve th outcome for this cohort.

Topics: Bile Reflux; Cardiovascular Diseases; Female; Gastrectomy; Gastrins; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Male; Nutrition Disorders; Peptic Ulcer; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Smoking; Stomach Neoplasms; Suicide; Time Factors

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Animals; Body Constitution; Body Weight; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Fasting; Female; Gastrins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Disorders; Obesity; Protein Deficiency; Somatotypes

Male Wistar rats, (2 months old), randomly divided according to the diet offered to four groups (C-control; A- alcoholized, PD-protein-deprived, A-PD- alcoholized protein-deprived). In group A and A-PD rats, the number of gastrin producing G-cells was significantly lower. The volume density of G-cells was significantly decreased in alcoholic rats. Fasting serum gastrin level (FSGL) significantly raised due to combined effect of alcohol consumption and protein malnutrition. In group A rats, the profile area of G-cells and their nuclei increased. In PD rats, the profile area of G cells also increased. There were no differences in nucleus/cell ratio due to alcohol ingestion alone, but it decreased significantly in PD and A-PD rats. Pale and lucent types of granules were predominantly seen in G-cells of animals of group A and A-PD. Mean diameter of granules increased in A, PD and A-PD rats. Other endocrine cells (ECL, D, EC) also decreased in number in A rats. Somatostatin producing D-cells decreased significantly in A-PD rats, both in fundic and pyloric mucosa.

Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Dietary Proteins; Gastrin-Secreting Cells; Gastrins; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Nutrition Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Topics: Adolescent; Body Weight; Child; Female; Gastrins; Growth Disorders; Growth Hormone; Humans; Insulin; Male; Nutrition Disorders

In rats undernutrition from birth to 14 days of age resulted in retardation of growth and diminution of antral gastrin concentration. When the 14-day-old undernourished rats were nutritionally rehabilitated, they grew at a faster rate, and at 27 days of age their body weight and the weight of various tissues of the gastrointestinal tract including the antrum reached the levels of the well-nourished littermate controls. In spite of this, antral gastrin concentration was found to be about one-half of that of the well-nourished littermates.

Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Nutrition Disorders; Rats

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Calcitonin; Cholesterol; Diarrhea; Endocrine Glands; Gastrins; Gastrointestinal Hormones; Histamine Release; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Neoplasms; Nutrition Disorders; Pellagra; Peptides; Serum Albumin; Thyroid Hormones; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome