gastrins and Adenocarcinoma--Scirrhous

The localization of immunoreactive calcitonin (IR-CT) in the human gastric mucosa and tumor tissues was studied using an immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. A small number of IR-CT-containing cells were observed in both infant and adult gastric antral mucosa and the ratio of IR-CT-containing cells to G cells was about 1:50-100. Moreover, tissue content of IR-CT in normal antral mucosa was 2.37 +/- 0.35 ng/g wet weight. IR-CT-containing cells and G cells decreased with the progress of chronic atrophic gastritis and were totally absent in intestinal metaplastic glands. IR-CT was detected in G cells, suggesting a paracrine relation between gastrin and CT. IR-CT was not found in tumor cells of 35 gastric adenomas and 40 well differentiated adenocarcinomas. On the other hand, it was demonstrated in a very small number of tumor cells in 4 of 46 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and in a good number in 3 of 7 scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinomas. IR-CT in plasma could serve, therefore, as a tumor marker of scirrhous endocrine cell carcinoma, and its production in cancer cells was considered to be eutopic rather than ectopic.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Calcitonin; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Infant; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Peptic Ulcer; Pregnancy; Stomach Neoplasms; Tissue Distribution

Sixteen argyrophil cell carcinomas in 59 gastric scirrhous carcinomas were examined histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically for polypeptide hormones, CEA, lysozyme, and HCG. In nine of these 16 tumors, polypeptides such as gastrin, somatostatin, and glucagon were demonstrated. Six of these nine tumors contained all three hormones, and three of these six tumors also had argentaffin cells. In all of these 16 tumors CEA were observed. Eight of them had CEA, lysozyme, and acid mucin synchronously. Of the above six tumors containing three peptides, three produced focal HCG. Ultrastructurally, several types of secretory granules were noted. Histologically, these 16 tumors showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas or signet ring cell carcinomas. Macroscopically, generalized type was 11 and localized type five. No hormonal syndrome was detected in any of the patients. It was suggested that these scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinomas of the stomach with the multifunction originate from totipotent immature cells of endodermal origin.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Adult; Aged; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Gastrins; Glucagon; Histocytochemistry; Hormones, Ectopic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muramidase; Somatostatin; Staining and Labeling; Stomach Neoplasms

Eighteen argyrophil cell carcinomas in 101 early gastric carcinomas were explained histologically, ultrastructurally, and immunohistochemically for polypeptides, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lysozyme, and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). Seven of these 18 tumors had gastrin, and two of seven tumors also contained somatostatin. In all of these 18 tumors CEA were demonstrated. Seven had lysozyme and five of seven tumors also contained gastrin; hCG were present in four of the 18 tumors and two of four tumors had gastrin, CA, mucin, and lysozyme simultaneously. Argentaffin cells were found in seven of 18 tumors. Of the above seven tumors containing gastrin, three had argentaffin cells. Ultrastructurally, several types of secretory granules were noted and tumor cells resembling D1- or P cells were present in nine of the 18 tumors. Macroscopically, many of the tumors showed IIc or IIc + III type. Histologically, the 18 tumors consisted of six well differentiated adenocarcinomas and 12 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas including signet-ring cell carcinoma. These 12 tumors frequently developed in the stomach of young females. In view of our previous investigations, it was suggested that the IIc-type argyrophil cell carcinoma histologically showing poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma may be related to scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Adult; Aged; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Gastrins; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Silver; Staining and Labeling; Stomach Neoplasms

Eight beagle dogs of four-month-old received both oral administration of N-Ethyl-N'-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) and subcutaneous injection of gastrin, and one of them was found to have an annularly infiltrating advanced carcinoma with marked fibrous thickening of the antral wall resulting in stenosis of the antrum (carcinoma scirrhosum) which resembled "Linitis plastica" (Borrmann's type IV carcinoma) in human stomach.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Animals; Carcinogens; Dogs; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gastrins; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Stomach Neoplasms

One of five gastro-entero-pancreatic hormones, gastrin, serotonin, histamine, glucagon, and insulin, was intraperitoneally administered for a long period to the rats that received N-methy-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. A frequent development of scirrhous carcinoma was demonstrated in the group treated with gastrin.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Animals; Gastrins; Glucagon; Histamine; Insulin; Male; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nitrosoguanidines; Pancreatic Hormones; Rats; Serotonin; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Carcinoma; Cats; Duodenal Ulcer; Duodenum; Gastric Mucosa; Gastrins; Histamine; Physiology; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer