ganoderic-acid and Disease-Models--Animal

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Line; Cyclooxygenase 2; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Oxidative Stress; Protective Agents; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Triterpenes

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic drug with a good anti-cancer effect on various types of cancers, such as colorectal cancer and breast cancer. However, previous studies have found that 5-FU could induce cognitive deficit in clinics. As ganoderic acid, isolated from

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cognitive Dysfunction; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorouracil; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Phytotherapy; Random Allocation; Reishi; Triterpenes

Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Signal Transduction; Smad Proteins; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Triterpenes; Ureteral Obstruction

Neutrophil-predominant asthma is less responsive to steroids and associated with poorer disease control. The effects of Antiasthma Simplified Herbal Medicine Intervention (ASHMI), a traditional Chinese medicine formula reported to be efficacious in asthmatic patients and murine asthma models, on neutrophil predominant asthma are unknown.. To determine the effects of standard ASHMI and refined formula ASHMI (ASHMI(II)) in a neutrophil-predominant murine model of ragweed (RW) asthma and explore underlying mechanisms.. BALB/c mice were systemically sensitized, intranasally challenged with RW extract, and orally treated with ASHMI, ASHMI(II), or vehicle (water). In a separate experiment, some RW sensitized mice were treated with dexamethasone before challenge. After RW challenge, airway hyperreactivity (AHR), total and differential bronchoalveolar lavage fluid leukocyte counts, lung histologic features, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytokine and chemokine levels were assessed. RW stimulation of the murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used to determine effects of ASHMI active compound ganoderic acid C1 (GAC1) on tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production and regulation of phosphorylated IκB and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) levels.. ASHMI and ASHMI(II) markedly reduced AHR, mucous production, neutrophilic inflammation, and TNF-α, interleukin 8, and interleukin 17 levels and decreased eosinophilic inflammation and TH2 responses in vivo (P < .01-.001 for all). GAC1 inhibited TNF-α production in RW-stimulated RAW264.7 cells in association with suppression of phosphorylated IκB and increased HDAC2 expression. Dexamethasone failed to reduce AHR and neutrophilic inflammation.. ASHMI treatment was efficacious in a murine model of neutrophil-predominant asthma via modulation of innate chemokines, TH2 responses, nuclear factor-κB, and HDAC2. ASHMI, and/or its constituent GAC1, may be a valuable option for treating neutrophil-predominant asthma.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Allergens; Ambrosia; Animals; Antigens, Plant; Asthma; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Gene Expression Regulation; Histone Deacetylase 2; Humans; I-kappa B Proteins; Leukocyte Count; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neutrophils; Pneumonia; Triterpenes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha