gamma-aminobutyric acid and Injuries studies

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.

Injuries: Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine (3-100 mg x kg(-1)) did not affect mechanical hyperalgesia or tactile allodynia induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation in the rat following oral administration."	3.72	Comparative activity of the anti-convulsants oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and gabapentin in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and guinea-pig. ( Bevan, S; Fox, A; Gentry, C; Kesingland, A; Patel, S, 2003)
"Gabapentin did however produce significant dose-related reversal of tactile allodynia in the rat following a single administration."	1.32	Comparative activity of the anti-convulsants oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and gabapentin in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and guinea-pig. ( Bevan, S; Fox, A; Gentry, C; Kesingland, A; Patel, S, 2003)
"Gabapentin was poorly active against mechanical hyperalgesia in both the rat and guinea-pig following a single oral administration (100 mg x kg(-1)), although upon repeated administration it produced up to 70 and 90% reversal in rat and guinea-pig, respectively."	1.32	Comparative activity of the anti-convulsants oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and gabapentin in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and guinea-pig. ( Bevan, S; Fox, A; Gentry, C; Kesingland, A; Patel, S, 2003)
"Oxcarbazepine is a recently introduced AED that is effective in treating epilepsy and has an improved side-effect profile compared to existing therapies."	1.32	Comparative activity of the anti-convulsants oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and gabapentin in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and guinea-pig. ( Bevan, S; Fox, A; Gentry, C; Kesingland, A; Patel, S, 2003)
"Subjective tinnitus is a common and often debilitating disorder that is difficult to study because it is a perceptual state without an objective stimulus correlate."	1.31	Assessing tinnitus and prospective tinnitus therapeutics using a psychophysical animal model. ( Bauer, CA; Brozoski, TJ, 2001)
"Chronic tinnitus was induced in rats by a single intense unilateral exposure to noise."	1.31	Assessing tinnitus and prospective tinnitus therapeutics using a psychophysical animal model. ( Bauer, CA; Brozoski, TJ, 2001)
"Different types of trauma that were effective included neurite transection, replating, osmotic imbalance, and excess heat."	1.29	Excitatory actions of GABA after neuronal trauma. ( Chen, G; Obrietan, K; van den Pol, AN, 1996)

Research

Studies (10)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Anxiety Score

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	1 (10.00)	18.7374
1990's	1 (10.00)	18.2507
2000's	7 (70.00)	29.6817
2010's	1 (10.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
van Seventer, R	1
Serpell, M	1
Bach, FW	1
Morlion, B	1
Zlateva, G	1
Bushmakin, AG	1
Cappelleri, JC	1
Nimour, M	1
Payne, JA	1
Rivera, C	1
Voipio, J	1
Kaila, K	1
Fox, A	1
Gentry, C	1
Patel, S	1
Kesingland, A	1
Bevan, S	1
Schoffnegger, D	1
Heinke, B	1
Sommer, C	1
Sandkühler, J	1
Forde, G	1
Stein, MB	1
Kerridge, C	1
Dimsdale, JE	1
Hoyt, DB	1
van den Pol, AN	1
Obrietan, K	1
Chen, G	1
Nabekura, J	1
Bauer, CA	1
Brozoski, TJ	1
Buckingham, JC	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A 9 Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Study Of Pregabalin (BID) In Subject With Posttraumatic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain[NCT00292188]	Phase 4	255 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety Score (HADS-A) consists of 7 items that are assessed by a score of 0 = no anxiety to 3 = severe feeling of anxiety. The anxiety subscale determines a state of generalized anxiety (including anxious mood, restlessness, anxious thoughts, panic attacks). Score range = 0 to 21; higher scores indicate a greater intensity of anxiety (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Anxiety Score - FAS Subset With Moderate/Severe Baseline Scores

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	6.52
Placebo	7.36

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Depression Score

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	9.94
Placebo	11.63

"Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Depression Score (HADS-D) consists of 7 items that are assessed by a score of 0 = no depression to 3 = severe feeling of depression. The depression subscale focuses on the state of lost interest and diminished pleasure response (lowering of hedonic tone). Score range = 0 to 21; higher scores indicate a greater intensity of depression" (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Depression Score - FAS Subset With Moderate/Severe Baseline Scores

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	5.23
Placebo	6.20

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) consists of 7 items that are assessed by a score of 0 = no depression to 3 = severe feeling of depression. The depression subscale focuses on the state of lost interest and diminished pleasure response (lowering of hedonic tone). Score range = 0 to 21; higher scores indicate a greater intensity of depression (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Medical Outcome Study (MOS) Optimal Sleep

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	12.04
Placebo	11.80

Number of subjects responding to have had optimal sleep. Optimal sleep is 1 item in the Medical Outcome Study (MOS)sleep scale, a patient-reported measure consisting of twelve items that assess the key constructs of sleep. Subjects were asked to recall sleep-related activities over the past week. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) Total Intensity Score

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	58
Placebo	45

Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) includes 10 descriptors (scale 0-10) of different pain symptoms & 2 temporal items assessing the duration of spontaneous ongoing and paroxysmal pain. A total intensity score is calculated by sub grouping the questions into five pain dimensions, summing the five sub groups, and converting into a percentage. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Weekly Mean Pain Score at End of Treatment (Week 8) From Daily Pain Diary

Intervention	percentage score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	33.29
Placebo	37.12

Daily Pain Diary scale : mean score from 11-point numerical scale of pain; range: 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). Endpoint weekly mean pain score: mean of the last 7 available pain scores from a daily pain diary during double blind treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: each day of Week 8

Weekly Mean Sleep Interference Score

Intervention	score on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	4.61
Placebo	5.23

11-point numerical scale with which the patient describes pain interference with sleep over past 24 hours; range: 0 (pain does not interfere with sleep) to 10 (pain completely interferes with sleep). Endpoint weekly mean score: mean of last 7 available scores from daily sleep interference diary during double-blind treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC)

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	2.93
Placebo	3.73

Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC): clinician's judgment of overall change in the patient's condition over a defined period on a 7-point scale; range: 1 Very Much Improved to 7 Very Much Worse. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS): Frequency

Intervention	participants (Number)
	very much improved	much improved	minimally improved	no change	minimally worse	much worse	very much worse
Placebo	6	18	26	61	9	3	1
Pregabalin	11	33	36	33	5	4	1

Self-rated instrument to measure symptom severity and treatment outcome in post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Scale of 17 PTSD symptoms over previous week; frequency scale: 0 (not at all) to 4 (every day), and severity 0 (not at all distressing) to 4(extremely distressing). The total Davidson Trauma Scale score ranges from 0 to 136. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8

Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS): Severity

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=124, 124)	Week 8 (n=118, 120)
Placebo	20.90	18.47
Pregabalin	18.27	14.16

Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS): Total Score

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=116, 118)	Week 8 (n=112, 113)
Placebo	17.83	15.43
Pregabalin	15.55	11.71

Medical Outcome Study (MOS) Sleep Subscales

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=116, 118)	Week 8 (n=112, 113)
Placebo	38.76	33.62
Pregabalin	34.57	26.18

Medical Outcome Study (MOS) is a patient-rated questionnaire consisting of 12 items that assess key constructs of sleep (7 subscales as well as a 9-item overall sleep problems index. MOS-Sleep Scale is scored from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates more disturbance. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Attention

Intervention	score on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
	Sleep Disturbance (n=117, 118)	Snoring (n=111, 118)	Awaken Short of Breath/Headache (n= 118, 117)	Sleep Quantity (n=117, 118)	Sleep Adequacy (n=119, 119)	Somnolence (n=116, 114)	Sleep Problems Index-6 (n=112, 111)	Sleep problems Index-9 (n=111, 107)
Placebo	46.45	37.87	20.66	6.48	44.61	32.33	51.72	42.98
Pregabalin	35.73	38.92	14.71	6.39	55.25	34.64	42.20	35.43

The number of subjects' responses to each of the 6 questions on the Medical Outcome Study Cognitive (MOS-Cog) subscale were summarized at baseline and Week 8. Category range: all of the time to none of the time. No formal statistical modeling was used. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Concentration

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	3	16	14	23	23	47	5	7	13	26	34	36
Pregabalin	5	3	13	24	39	42	4	10	8	22	34	42

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Confusion

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of the Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of the Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	4	14	14	29	26	39	7	5	16	27	33	33
Pregabalin	4	8	13	27	33	41	3	12	14	26	27	38

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Memory

Intervention	particpants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of the Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of the Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	6	12	7	15	35	51	3	11	6	23	27	51
Pregabalin	2	8	6	22	23	64	1	9	9	26	22	52

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Reasoning

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of the Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	10	14	8	23	33	38	9	7	11	31	35	28
Pregabalin	7	7	6	40	30	36	3	11	13	28	36	29

Medical Outcome Study Cognitive Subscale (MOS-Cog); Thinking

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of the Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of the Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	1	15	15	25	27	43	4	5	13	27	30	42
Pregabalin	5	6	5	20	42	48	3	10	11	23	32	41

Modified Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (m-BPI-sf)

Intervention	participants (Number)
	Baseline: All of the Time	Baseline: Most of the Time	Baseline: A Good Bit of Time	Baseline: Some of the Time	Baseline: A Little of the Time	Baseline: None of the Time	Week 8: All of the Time	Week 8: Most of the Time	Week 8: A Good Bit of Time	Week 8: Some of the Time	Week 8: A Little of the Time	Week 8: None of the Time
Placebo	1	9	6	27	36	45	6	9	6	22	31	47
Pregabalin	2	6	3	31	33	51	4	6	12	28	31	39

Modified Brief Pain Inventory Short Form (m-BPI-sf): self-administered questionnaire to assess severity of pain (measured by 4 items)and impact of pain on daily functions (measured by 7 items)in past 24 hours. Items are rated on an 11-point scale ranging from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater pain and/or interference due to pain. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8

Number of Subjects With 30% and 50% Response in Weekly Mean Daily Pain Rating Score (DPRS) From Baseline Until Endpoint (Week 8)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	pain interference index Baseline (n=125, 126)	pain interference index Week 8 (n=120, 121)	pain severity index Baseline (n= 122, 125)	pain severity index Week 8 (n=120, 120)
Placebo	4.69	4.17	5.72	5.21
Pregabalin	4.57	3.31	5.36	4.20

Based on weekly mean daily pain rating score (DPRS), responders were defined as subjects with a >= 30% and >=50% reduction in weekly mean scores from baseline until endpoint (Week 8). Endpoint was calculated as the mean of the last 7 available pain scores from the daily pain diary while in the double-blind treatment phase. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 8

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS): Efficacy

Intervention	participants (Number)
	30% Responder	50% Responder
Placebo	32	18
Pregabalin	50	30

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS); Efficacy: measure of patient satisfaction with treatment for acute or chronic pain. Response range: 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Mean scores were calculated and transformed onto a scale of 0-100, range: 0 = worst possible satisfaction to 100 = best possible satisfaction with pain treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Screening, Week 8

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS): Impact of Current Pain Medication

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Screening (n=112, 110)	End of Treatment (Week 8) (n=122, 121)
Placebo	42.73	37.88
Pregabalin	43.23	53.21

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS); Impact of Current Pain Medication: measure of patient satisfaction with treatment for acute or chronic pain. Response range: 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Mean scores were calculated and transformed onto a scale of 0-100, range: 0 = worst possible satisfaction to 100 = best possible satisfaction with pain treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Screening, Week 8

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS): Medication Characteristics

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Screening (n=113, 113)	End of Treatment (Week 8) (n=122, 121)
Placebo	53.60	42.56
Pregabalin	54.53	52.64

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS); Medication Characteristics: measure of patient satisfaction with treatment for acute or chronic pain. Response range: 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Mean scores were calculated and transformed onto a scale of 0-100, range: 0 = worst possible satisfaction to 100 = best possible satisfaction with pain treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Screening, Week 8

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS): Satisfaction With Current Pain Medication

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Screening (n=112, 110)	End of Treatment (Week 8) (n=122, 121)
Placebo	59.39	70.39
Pregabalin	57.44	71.52

Pain Treatment Satisfaction Scale (PTSS); Satisfaction with Current Pain Medication: measure of patient satisfaction with treatment for acute or chronic pain. Response range:1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree). Mean scores were calculated and transformed onto a scale of 0-100, range: 0 = worst possible satisfaction to 100 = best possible satisfaction with pain treatment. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Screening, Week 8

Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Screening (n=112, 110)	Week 8 (n=122, 121)
Placebo	51.05	54.15
Pregabalin	50.33	62.36

Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC): a patient-rated instrument that measures change in patient's overall status on a 7-point scale; range: 1 Very Much Improved to 7 Very Much Worse. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Week 8

Weekly Mean Pain Score From Daily Pain Diary

Intervention	participants (Number)
	very much improved	much improved	minimally improved	no change	minimally worse	much worse	very much worse
Placebo	6	22	26	52	10	7	2
Pregabalin	13	27	41	30	3	3	3

Daily Pain Diary scale : mean score from 11-point numerical scale of pain; range:0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). Mean of scores available for each week. (NCT00292188)
Timeframe: Baseline through Week 8

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
	Week 1 (n=125, 125)	Week 2 (n=121, 119)	Week 3 (n=113, 116)	Week 4 (n=108, 108)	Week 5 (n=106, 104)	Week 6 (n=104, 101)	Week 7 (n=99, 99)	Week 8 (n=97, 97)
Placebo	5.79	5.64	5.44	5.27	5.26	5.34	5.26	5.24
Pregabalin	5.54	5.37	4.91	4.95	4.80	4.76	4.74	4.64

Article	Year
Cation-chloride co-transporters in neuronal communication, development and trauma. Trends in neurosciences, 2003, Volume: 26, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Circadian Rhythm; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Humans;	2003
Adjuvant analgesics for the treatment of neuropathic pain: evaluating efficacy and safety profiles. The Journal of family practice, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:2 Suppl Pa Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Amines; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Antidepressive Agents; Arthritis;	2007
[Post-traumatic change of neuronal function]. Fukuoka igaku zasshi = Hukuoka acta medica, 2000, Volume: 91, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Channels; Chloride Channels; Chlorine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; M	2000
Hypothalamo-pituitary responses to trauma. British medical bulletin, 1985, Volume: 41, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; gamm	1985

Article	Year
Relationships between changes in pain severity and other patient-reported outcomes: an analysis in patients with posttraumatic peripheral neuropathic pain. Health and quality of life outcomes, 2011, Mar-25, Volume: 9 Topics: Analgesics; Anxiety; Depression; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neuralgia; Pain Measurement; Prega	2011
Pharmacotherapy to prevent PTSD: Results from a randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial in physically injured patients. Journal of traumatic stress, 2007, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amines; Anti-Anxiety Agents; California; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; Gab	2007

Article	Year
Comparative activity of the anti-convulsants oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, lamotrigine and gabapentin in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and guinea-pig. Pain, 2003, Volume: 105, Issue:1-2 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin;	2003
Physiological properties of spinal lamina II GABAergic neurons in mice following peripheral nerve injury. The Journal of physiology, 2006, Dec-15, Volume: 577, Issue:Pt 3 Topics: Animals; Constriction; Electrophysiology; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Green Fluoresce	2006
Excitatory actions of GABA after neuronal trauma. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1996, Jul-01, Volume: 16, Issue:13 Topics: Animals; Calcium; Electrophysiology; Fura-2; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hypothalamus; N	1996
Assessing tinnitus and prospective tinnitus therapeutics using a psychophysical animal model. Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO, 2001, Volume: 2, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Animals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Deafness; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease M	2001

gamma-aminobutyric acid and Injuries