gamma-aminobutyric acid and Injuries, Spinal Cord studies

gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Amitriptyline is more efficacious in relieving neuropathic pain than diphenhydramine at or below the level of spinal cord injury in people who have considerable depressive symptomatology."	9.12	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
"To test the hypotheses that both amitriptyline and gabapentin are more effective in relieving neuropathic pain than an active placebo, diphenhydramine."	9.12	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
"To report a case of paraplegia with limb edema caused by pregabalin."	7.78	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"Pregabalin, which is one of medications used for neuropathic pain, might cause limb edema, that is, a condition needs differential diagnosis."	7.78	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"Seventy-six per cent of patients receiving gabapentin reported a reduction in neuropathic pain."	7.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Data were retrieved from the medical records of all spinal cord injury patients prescribed gabapentin for neuropathic pain."	7.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"To present two years of experience in the use of gabapentin for the alleviation of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury patients."	7.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Our experience suggests that gabapentin offers an effective therapeutic alternative for the alleviation of neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury."	7.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Gabapentin was no more effective than diphenhydramine (P=."	6.73	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
"The edema was considered to be caused by pregabalin and the medicine was ceased gradually."	5.38	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"Behavioural assessments of tail muscle spasticity and mean arterial blood pressure responses to noxious somatic and/or visceral stimulation were used to test the effects of GBP on these abnormal reflexes."	5.37	Gabapentin for spasticity and autonomic dysreflexia after severe spinal cord injury. ( Duale, H; Kitzman, PH; Lyttle, TS; O'Dell, CR; Patel, SP; Rabchevsky, AG, 2011)
"Pain was assessed prior to and during treatment at 1, 3 and 6 months with a 10 cm visual analogue scale which ranged from 0 ('no pain') to 10 ('worst pain imaginable'), or by the documentation of a verbal description of pain."	5.31	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Hyperhidrosis is a relatively common condition with a multitude of causes."	5.31	Hyperhidrosis in pediatric spinal cord injury: a case report and gabapentin therapy. ( Adams, BB; Franz, DN; Kinnett, DG; Vargus-Adams, JN, 2002)
"Gabapentin treatment significantly and reversibly changed the responses, consistent with the attenuation of the abnormal sensory behavior, and the attenuated responses lasted for the duration of the drug effect (up to 6 h)."	5.31	Rodent model of chronic central pain after spinal cord contusion injury and effects of gabapentin. ( Hulsebosch, CE; McAdoo, DJ; Perez-Polo, JR; Taylor, CP; Westlund, KN; Xu, GY, 2000)
"Pregabalin 150 to 600 mg/day was effective in relieving central neuropathic pain, improving sleep, anxiety, and overall patient status in patients with spinal cord injury."	5.12	Pregabalin in central neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury: a placebo-controlled trial. ( Chambers, R; Cousins, MJ; Griesing, T; Murphy, TK; Otte, A; Siddall, PJ, 2006)
"Amitriptyline is more efficacious in relieving neuropathic pain than diphenhydramine at or below the level of spinal cord injury in people who have considerable depressive symptomatology."	5.12	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
"To test the hypotheses that both amitriptyline and gabapentin are more effective in relieving neuropathic pain than an active placebo, diphenhydramine."	5.12	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
" However, two randomised placebo-controlled studies have recently emerged demonstrating efficacy of pregabalin in reducing central neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury and central poststroke pain."	4.84	Pregabalin in the management of central neuropathic pain. ( Gray, P, 2007)
"To report a case of paraplegia with limb edema caused by pregabalin."	3.78	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"Pregabalin, which is one of medications used for neuropathic pain, might cause limb edema, that is, a condition needs differential diagnosis."	3.78	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"The 5-HT re-uptake inhibitor fluoxetine (3-30 mg/kg), the NA re-uptake inhibitor reboxetine (3-30 mg/kg), the dual 5-HT and NA re-uptake inhibitor venlafaxine (3-100 mg/kg) and the dual DA and NA re-uptake inhibitor bupropion (3-30 mg/kg) were tested after intraperitoneal administration in rat models of acute, persistent and neuropathic pain."	3.73	Anti-nociception is selectively enhanced by parallel inhibition of multiple subtypes of monoamine transporters in rat models of persistent and neuropathic pain. ( Blackburn-Munro, G; Nielsen, AN; Pedersen, LH, 2005)
"The present study investigated whether mechanical allodynia following contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) of the thoracic segments 12 and 13 of the rat was associated with a reduction in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition adjacent to the site of injury."	3.72	Mechanical allodynia following contusion injury of the rat spinal cord is associated with loss of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsal horn. ( Drew, GM; Duggan, AW; Siddall, PJ, 2004)
"Our experience suggests that gabapentin offers an effective therapeutic alternative for the alleviation of neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury."	3.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"To present two years of experience in the use of gabapentin for the alleviation of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury patients."	3.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Seventy-six per cent of patients receiving gabapentin reported a reduction in neuropathic pain."	3.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"Data were retrieved from the medical records of all spinal cord injury patients prescribed gabapentin for neuropathic pain."	3.71	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
" Adverse events (AEs) were also compared between treatment groups."	2.78	Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in patients with spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis. ( Emir, B; Juhn, M; Parsons, B; Sanin, L; Yang, R, 2013)
"Pregabalin reduced neuropathic pain due to SCI over a 12 to 16 week treatment period."	2.78	Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in patients with spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis. ( Emir, B; Juhn, M; Parsons, B; Sanin, L; Yang, R, 2013)
"Patients with chronic, below-level, neuropathic pain due to SCI were randomized to receive 150 to 600 mg/d pregabalin (n = 108) or matching placebo (n = 112) for 17 weeks."	2.78	A randomized trial of pregabalin in patients with neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury. ( Cardenas, DD; Goto, S; Kaneko, T; Knapp, LE; Nieshoff, EC; Parsons, B; Sanin, L; Scavone, JM; Soulsby, M; Sporn, J; Suda, K; Suzuki, MM; Whalen, E; Yang, R, 2013)
"Gabapentin was no more effective than diphenhydramine (P=."	2.73	Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. ( Courtade, D; Fiess, RN; Holmes, SA; Loubser, PG; Rintala, DH; Tastard, LV, 2007)
"To evaluate pregabalin in central neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury."	2.72	Pregabalin in central neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury: a placebo-controlled trial. ( Chambers, R; Cousins, MJ; Griesing, T; Murphy, TK; Otte, A; Siddall, PJ, 2006)
" In this study, conventional analgesics were continued at a therapeutic level, and gabapentin was administrated for an 18-day titration period followed by a 5-week maintenance period at a dosage of 1800 mg/day or the maximum tolerable dosage."	2.71	Gabapentin effect on neuropathic pain compared among patients with spinal cord injury and different durations of symptoms. ( Ahn, SH; Bae, JH; Jang, SH; Lee, BS; Moon, HW; Park, HW; Sakong, J, 2003)
"Gabapentin is a new antiepileptic drug that may additionally have a role in the treatment of neuropathic pain."	2.71	Gabapentin effect on neuropathic pain compared among patients with spinal cord injury and different durations of symptoms. ( Ahn, SH; Bae, JH; Jang, SH; Lee, BS; Moon, HW; Park, HW; Sakong, J, 2003)
"To compare the effect of gabapentin on neuropathic pain refractory to conventional analgesics in patients with spinal cord injury and different durations of symptoms."	2.71	Gabapentin effect on neuropathic pain compared among patients with spinal cord injury and different durations of symptoms. ( Ahn, SH; Bae, JH; Jang, SH; Lee, BS; Moon, HW; Park, HW; Sakong, J, 2003)
" This was followed by a 4-week stable dosing period when the patients continued to receive maximum tolerated doses, a 2-week washout period, then a crossover of 4 weeks of medication/placebo titration, and another 4 weeks of stable dosing period."	2.71	Gabapentin is a first line drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury. ( Levendoglu, F; Ogün, CO; Ogün, TC; Ozerbil, O; Ugurlu, H, 2004)
"Neuropathic pain is initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system."	2.71	Gabapentin is a first line drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury. ( Levendoglu, F; Ogün, CO; Ogün, TC; Ozerbil, O; Ugurlu, H, 2004)
"Gabapentin has some beneficial effects on certain types of neuropathic pain."	2.70	Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ( Chen, B; DeLisa, JA; Johnston, M; Kirshblum, S; Millis, S; Tai, Q, 2002)
"Seven subjects with neuropathic pain, who were more than 30 days post-SCI, completed the study."	2.70	Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ( Chen, B; DeLisa, JA; Johnston, M; Kirshblum, S; Millis, S; Tai, Q, 2002)
"Gabapentin reduces certain types of neuropathic pain in the SCI population."	2.70	Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ( Chen, B; DeLisa, JA; Johnston, M; Kirshblum, S; Millis, S; Tai, Q, 2002)
"Neuropathic pain is a common complaint after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI)."	2.70	Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ( Chen, B; DeLisa, JA; Johnston, M; Kirshblum, S; Millis, S; Tai, Q, 2002)
" No significant difference was found among other pain descriptors during the gabapentin and placebo treatment, although this may have been limited by the small sample size and low maximum dosage of gabapentin."	2.70	Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ( Chen, B; DeLisa, JA; Johnston, M; Kirshblum, S; Millis, S; Tai, Q, 2002)
" Group results during the controlled trial did not reach statistical significance at the dosage used."	2.68	Effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling spasticity: a quantitative study. ( Graves, DE; Mueller, M; Olson, WH; Priebe, MM; Sherwood, AM, 1997)
"Higher doses provide greater control of spasticity, and controlled studies using higher doses are needed to evaluate gabapentin's efficacy."	2.68	Effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling spasticity: a quantitative study. ( Graves, DE; Mueller, M; Olson, WH; Priebe, MM; Sherwood, AM, 1997)
"As some patients with spasticity are either refractory to or intolerant of established medical treatments, we conducted this study to investigate the effect of gabapentin on spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury."	2.68	Gabapentin for the treatment of spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. ( Gruenthal, M; Mueller, M; Olson, WH; Olson, WL; Priebe, MM; Sherwood, AM, 1997)
"Gabapentin or placebo was given orally in doses 400 mg three times daily for 48 h."	2.68	Effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling spasticity: a quantitative study. ( Graves, DE; Mueller, M; Olson, WH; Priebe, MM; Sherwood, AM, 1997)
"Chronic pain is long-lasting nociceptive state, impairing the patient's quality of life."	2.66	Viral Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase for Chronic Pain Treatment: A Literature Review. ( Hao, S; Kanao-Kanda, M; Kanda, H; Liu, S; Roy, S; Toborek, M, 2020)
"The comorbidity of chronic pain and psychiatric disorders, which is well recognized, suggests that the effective therapeutic relief for neuropathic pain induced by SCI can be achieved in conjunction with the management of the sensory and psychiatric aspects of patient."	2.53	Combined approaches for the relief of spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain. ( Gwak, YS; Kim, HY; Lee, BH; Yang, CH, 2016)
"Chronic neuropathic pain can significantly reduce quality of life and place an economic burden on individuals and society."	2.48	Spinal cord stimulation: neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of action. ( Guan, Y, 2012)
"Central neuropathic pain is a painful condition, often severe, that occurs in a person who is already affected by an injury or disease of the brain or spinal cord."	2.44	Pregabalin in the management of central neuropathic pain. ( Gray, P, 2007)
" Recommendations for future research to inform clinical practice should include cost-effectiveness studies and dose-response analysis in order to determine the schema employed and the duration of treatment."	2.44	Efficacy of pregabalin and gabapentin for neuropathic pain in spinal-cord injury: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature. ( Amaniti, E; Kouvelas, D; Papazisis, G; Tzellos, TG, 2008)
" On the other hand, for GP a maximum dosage of 3,600 mg/day reduced VAS score (P = 0."	2.44	Efficacy of pregabalin and gabapentin for neuropathic pain in spinal-cord injury: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature. ( Amaniti, E; Kouvelas, D; Papazisis, G; Tzellos, TG, 2008)
"127 patients, aged 18-70 years, who had neuropathic pain related to spinal cord injury (SCI) and disease duration of at least 12 months."	1.91	Misuse of gabapentinoids (pregabalin and gabapentin) in patients with neuropathic pain related to spinal cord injury. ( Akıncı, MG; Altas, EU; Konak, HE; Onat, SS; Polat, CS, 2023)
"At the cellular level, spasticity is considered to be primarily caused by the hyperexcitability of spinal α-motoneurons (MNs) within the spinal stretch reflex circuit."	1.72	Molecular Identification of Pro-Excitogenic Receptor and Channel Phenotypes of the Deafferented Lumbar Motoneurons in the Early Phase after SCT in Rats. ( Ji, B; Skup, M; Wojtaś, B, 2022)
"Spasticity impacts the quality of life of patients suffering spinal cord injury and impedes the recovery of locomotion."	1.72	Molecular Identification of Pro-Excitogenic Receptor and Channel Phenotypes of the Deafferented Lumbar Motoneurons in the Early Phase after SCT in Rats. ( Ji, B; Skup, M; Wojtaś, B, 2022)
"We performed complete spinal cord transections at the level of the fifth gill of mature larval lampreys and GABA immunohistochemistry or gabab in situ hybridization experiments."	1.48	Anatomical recovery of the GABAergic system after a complete spinal cord injury in lampreys. ( Barreiro-Iglesias, A; Fernández-López, B; Rodicio, MC; Romaus-Sanjurjo, D; Valle-Maroto, SM, 2018)
"Rats with complete spinal cord transection (SCT) can recover hindlimb locomotor function under strategies combining exercise training and 5-HT agonist treatment."	1.48	Changes in innervation of lumbar motoneurons and organization of premotor network following training of transected adult rats. ( Bras, H; Brezun, JM; Coq, JO; Coulon, P; Khalki, L; Lerond, J; Sadlaoud, K; Vinay, L, 2018)
"These data provide evidence that neuropathic pain after SCI is caused by decreased GABAergic signaling in the ZI."	1.43	Suppressed GABAergic signaling in the zona incerta causes neuropathic pain in a thoracic hemisection spinal cord injury rat model. ( Cho, CB; Lee, YJ; Moon, HC; Park, YS, 2016)
"The muscimol treated, hemisection-SCI rats also exhibited increased hindpaw withdrawal thresholds and latencies."	1.43	Suppressed GABAergic signaling in the zona incerta causes neuropathic pain in a thoracic hemisection spinal cord injury rat model. ( Cho, CB; Lee, YJ; Moon, HC; Park, YS, 2016)
"Sprague Dawley rats received a spinal cord transection at T12 and were assigned to SCI-7d, SCI-14d, SCI-14d+exercise, SCI-28d, SCI-28d+exercise, or SCI-56d groups."	1.40	Exercise modulates chloride homeostasis after spinal cord injury. ( Côté, MP; Gandhi, S; Houlé, JD; Zambrotta, M, 2014)
"Mean pre-withdrawal pregabalin dosage was 386 mg/day, decreasing to 70 mg/day at mean lowest dosage."	1.39	Spasticity increases during pregabalin withdrawal. ( Baguley, IJ; Braid, JJ; Kirker, SG, 2013)
"Median subjective spasticity scores increased from 4 at baseline to 6 at lowest dose (p < 0."	1.39	Spasticity increases during pregabalin withdrawal. ( Baguley, IJ; Braid, JJ; Kirker, SG, 2013)
"The edema was considered to be caused by pregabalin and the medicine was ceased gradually."	1.38	Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. ( Duman, I; Guzelkucuk, U; Tan, AK; Yılmaz, B, 2012)
"Moreover, animals with neuropathic pain showed significantly improved paw withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) following miR23b infusion."	1.38	Molecular targeting of NOX4 for neuropathic pain after traumatic injury of the spinal cord. ( Cho, HT; Choi, JI; Im, YB; Jee, MK; Kang, SK; Kwon, OH, 2012)
"Neuropathic pain is a well-known type of chronic pain caused by damage to the nervous system."	1.38	Molecular targeting of NOX4 for neuropathic pain after traumatic injury of the spinal cord. ( Cho, HT; Choi, JI; Im, YB; Jee, MK; Kang, SK; Kwon, OH, 2012)
"SCI-induced neuropathic pain can be manifested as both tactile allodynia (a painful sensation to a non-noxious stimulus) and hyperalgesia (an enhanced sensation to a painful stimulus)."	1.37	Calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 protein upregulation in dorsal spinal cord mediates spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain states. ( Boroujerdi, A; Kim, D; Luo, DZ; Sharp, K; Steward, O; Zeng, J, 2011)
"Accordingly, we hypothesized that tactile allodynia post SCI is mediated by an upregulation of Ca(v)α2δ-1 in dorsal spinal cord."	1.37	Calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 protein upregulation in dorsal spinal cord mediates spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain states. ( Boroujerdi, A; Kim, D; Luo, DZ; Sharp, K; Steward, O; Zeng, J, 2011)
"We have modified the method to a T10 spinal cord contusion model (SCC) of at-level central neuropathic pain in Sprague-Dawley rats."	1.37	Pregabalin attenuates place escape/avoidance behavior in a rat model of spinal cord injury. ( Baastrup, C; Finnerup, NB; Jensen, TS, 2011)
"Behavioural assessments of tail muscle spasticity and mean arterial blood pressure responses to noxious somatic and/or visceral stimulation were used to test the effects of GBP on these abnormal reflexes."	1.37	Gabapentin for spasticity and autonomic dysreflexia after severe spinal cord injury. ( Duale, H; Kitzman, PH; Lyttle, TS; O'Dell, CR; Patel, SP; Rabchevsky, AG, 2011)
"Reversal of post-SCI neuropathic pain by tiagabine suggests that reduced GABAergic tone may contribute to hyperalgesia symptoms."	1.36	Loss of GABAergic interneurons in laminae I-III of the spinal cord dorsal horn contributes to reduced GABAergic tone and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. ( Marsh, AD; Marsh, DR; Meisner, JG, 2010)
"Mechanical hyperalgesia was fully reversed by three analgesic drugs used in treating neuropathic SCI pain, but their duration of action differed significantly, showing a rank order of amitriptyline (24-48 h)≫morphine (6 h)>gabapentin (2 h)."	1.36	Above-level mechanical hyperalgesia in rats develops after incomplete spinal cord injury but not after cord transection, and is reversed by amitriptyline, morphine and gabapentin. ( Densmore, VS; Kalous, A; Keast, JR; Osborne, PB, 2010)
"Neuropathic pain is a common problem following spinal cord injury (SCI)."	1.36	Role of NKCC1 and KCC2 in the development of chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Ahmed, MM; Hasbargen, T; Kahle, KT; Li, L; Miranpuri, G; Resnick, D; Sun, D, 2010)
"Management of neuropathic pain remains problematic; however, cell therapy to treat the effects of pain on the sensory system after spinal cord injury (SCI) could be a useful approach."	1.35	Clinical feasibility for cell therapy using human neuronal cell line to treat neuropathic behavioral hypersensitivity following spinal cord injury in rats. ( Eaton, MJ; Wolfe, SQ, 2009)
"Spinal sagittal slices with attached dorsal roots (DR) were prepared from L(4) to L(6) level."	1.35	Spinal cord injury-induced attenuation of GABAergic inhibition in spinal dorsal horn circuits is associated with down-regulation of the chloride transporter KCC2 in rat. ( Lu, Y; Xiong, L; Yang, J; Zheng, J; Zimmermann, M, 2008)
"Neuropathic pain is a long-lasting clinical problem that is often refractory to medical management."	1.35	A novel human foamy virus mediated gene transfer of GAD67 reduces neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Cao, X; Cao, Z; He, X; Li, W; Liu, L; Liu, W; Liu, Z; Miao, L; Xiao, Z; Xue, L, 2008)
"Both spastic behavior and electromyography (EMG) activity were significantly decreased at 1 and 3 h post-GBP injection when compared with the activity level following administration of saline."	1.34	Gabapentin suppresses spasticity in the spinal cord-injured rat. ( Dwyer, MK; Kitzman, PH; Uhl, TL, 2007)
"Neuropathic pain is characterised by hyperexcitability within nociceptive pathways that manifests behaviourally as allodynia and hyperalgesia and remains difficult to treat with standard analgesics."	1.33	Anti-nociception is selectively enhanced by parallel inhibition of multiple subtypes of monoamine transporters in rat models of persistent and neuropathic pain. ( Blackburn-Munro, G; Nielsen, AN; Pedersen, LH, 2005)
"The present study investigated whether mechanical allodynia following contusive spinal cord injury (SCI) of the thoracic segments 12 and 13 of the rat was associated with a reduction in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inhibition adjacent to the site of injury."	1.32	Mechanical allodynia following contusion injury of the rat spinal cord is associated with loss of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsal horn. ( Drew, GM; Duggan, AW; Siddall, PJ, 2004)
"Following spinal cord transection, the number of cells which express glutamate decarboxylase (mol."	1.31	Transplantation of embryonic Raphe cells regulates the modifications of the gabaergic phenotype occurring in the injured spinal cord. ( Dumoulin, A; Giménez y Ribotta, M; Privat, A, 2000)
"Gabapentin treatment significantly and reversibly changed the responses, consistent with the attenuation of the abnormal sensory behavior, and the attenuated responses lasted for the duration of the drug effect (up to 6 h)."	1.31	Rodent model of chronic central pain after spinal cord contusion injury and effects of gabapentin. ( Hulsebosch, CE; McAdoo, DJ; Perez-Polo, JR; Taylor, CP; Westlund, KN; Xu, GY, 2000)
"SCI gabapentin-treated rats did not display differences in total rearing time until PSD 28 and a significant difference in total activity of all measured parameters was not seen until PSD 60."	1.31	Changes in exploratory behavior as a measure of chronic central pain following spinal cord injury. ( Grady, JJ; Hulsebosch, CE; Mills, CD, 2001)
"Hyperhidrosis is a relatively common condition with a multitude of causes."	1.31	Hyperhidrosis in pediatric spinal cord injury: a case report and gabapentin therapy. ( Adams, BB; Franz, DN; Kinnett, DG; Vargus-Adams, JN, 2002)
"Pain was assessed prior to and during treatment at 1, 3 and 6 months with a 10 cm visual analogue scale which ranged from 0 ('no pain') to 10 ('worst pain imaginable'), or by the documentation of a verbal description of pain."	1.31	Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. ( Brown, DJ; Cooper, N; Frauman, AG; Hill, ST; Kirsa, SW; Lim, TC; To, TP, 2002)
"In rats seven days after spinal cord transection, we examined identified sympathetic preganglionic neurons caudal to the injury for the presence of synapses or direct contacts from varicosities that were immunoreactive for the amino acids, L-glutamate and GABA."	1.30	Glutamate- and GABA-immunoreactive synapses on sympathetic preganglionic neurons caudal to a spinal cord transection in rats. ( Cassam, AK; Krassioukov, AV; Krenz, NR; Llewellyn-Smith, IJ; Weaver, LC, 1997)
"To determine whether spinal cord trauma alters the concentrations of extracellular amino acids, microdialysis was conducted in spinal cord during and after administration of impact trauma."	1.28	Alteration in extracellular amino acids after traumatic spinal cord injury. ( Faden, AI; Panter, SS; Yum, SW, 1990)

Research

Studies (131)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Duration Adjusted Average Change (DAAC) of Mean Pain Score

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	11 (8.40)	18.7374
1990's	9 (6.87)	18.2507
2000's	46 (35.11)	29.6817
2010's	55 (41.98)	24.3611
2020's	10 (7.63)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Polat, CS	1
Konak, HE	1
Akıncı, MG	1
Onat, SS	1
Altas, EU	1
Li, X	1
Song, X	1
Fang, L	1
Ding, J	1
Qi, L	1
Wang, Q	1
Dong, C	1
Wang, S	1
Wu, J	1
Wang, T	1
Wu, Q	1
Grau, JW	4
Hudson, KE	2
Tarbet, MM	1
Strain, MM	1
Ji, B	1
Wojtaś, B	1
Skup, M	2
New, LE	1
Yanagawa, Y	1
McConkey, GA	1
Deuchars, J	1
Deuchars, SA	1
Zargani, M	1
Ramirez-Campillo, R	1
Arabzadeh, E	1
Kiss Bimbova, K	1
Bacova, M	1
Kisucka, A	1
Gálik, J	1
Ileninova, M	1
Kuruc, T	1
Magurova, M	1
Lukacova, N	1
Li, J	1
Baccei, ML	1
Khetani, S	1
Kollath, VO	1
Eastick, E	1
Debert, C	1
Sen, A	1
Karan, K	1
Sanati-Nezhad, A	1
Kanao-Kanda, M	1
Kanda, H	1
Liu, S	1
Roy, S	1
Toborek, M	1
Hao, S	2
Bras, H	5
Liabeuf, S	4
Louis, JV	1
Lu, Y	2
Pieschl, R	1
Tian, Y	1
Hong, Y	1
Dandapani, K	1
Naidu, S	1
Vikramadithyan, RK	1
Dzierba, C	1
Sarvasiddhi, SK	1
Nara, SJ	1
Bronson, J	1
Macor, JE	1
Albright, C	1
Kostich, W	1
Li, YW	1
Kopach, O	1
Medvediev, V	1
Krotov, V	1
Borisyuk, A	1
Tsymbaliuk, V	1
Voitenko, N	1
Khalki, L	1
Sadlaoud, K	3
Lerond, J	1
Coq, JO	1
Brezun, JM	1
Vinay, L	5
Coulon, P	2
Romaus-Sanjurjo, D	2
Valle-Maroto, SM	2
Barreiro-Iglesias, A	3
Fernández-López, B	3
Rodicio, MC	3
Ko, MY	1
Jang, EY	1
Lee, JY	1
Kim, SP	1
Whang, SH	1
Lee, BH	3
Kim, HY	2
Yang, CH	2
Cho, HJ	1
Gwak, YS	4
Huang, YJ	2
Ledo-García, R	1
Hanslik, K	1
Morgan, JR	1
Tillman, L	1
Zhang, J	1
Mohammad-Gharibani, P	1
Tiraihi, T	1
Delshad, A	1
Arabkheradmand, J	1
Taheri, T	1
Parsons, B	2
Sanin, L	2
Yang, R	2
Emir, B	1
Juhn, M	1
Guy, S	1
Mehta, S	2
Leff, L	1
Teasell, R	1
Loh, E	2
Orlando, C	1
Raineteau, O	1
Ziemlińska, E	1
Kügler, S	1
Schachner, M	1
Wewiór, I	1
Czarkowska-Bauch, J	1
Côté, MP	1
Gandhi, S	1
Zambrotta, M	1
Houlé, JD	1
McIntyre, A	1
Dijkers, M	1
Teasell, RW	1
Erasso, D	1
Tender, G	1
Levitt, RC	1
Cui, JG	1
Nardone, R	1
Höller, Y	1
Bathke, AC	1
Orioli, A	1
Schwenker, K	1
Frey, V	1
Golaszewski, S	1
Brigo, F	1
Trinka, E	1
Lee-Kubli, CA	1
Ingves, M	1
Henry, KW	1
Shiao, R	1
Collyer, E	1
Tuszynski, MH	1
Campana, WM	1
Moon, HC	1
Lee, YJ	1
Cho, CB	1
Park, YS	1
Lee, KH	1
Murphy, L	1
Garraway, SM	1
Diaz-Ruiz, A	2
Montes, S	2
Salgado-Ceballos, H	2
Maldonado, V	2
Rivera-Espinosa, L	1
Ríos, C	2
Hou, S	1
Duale, H	2
Cameron, AA	1
Abshire, SM	1
Lyttle, TS	2
Rabchevsky, AG	2
Lee, JW	1
Furmanski, O	1
Castellanos, DA	1
Daniels, LA	1
Hama, AT	1
Sagen, J	1
Tzellos, TG	1
Papazisis, G	1
Amaniti, E	1
Kouvelas, D	1
Zheng, J	1
Xiong, L	1
Zimmermann, M	1
Yang, J	1
Hong, CH	1
Lee, HY	1
Jin, MH	1
Noh, JY	1
Han, SW	1
Tanabe, M	1
Ono, K	1
Honda, M	1
Ono, H	1
Heetla, HW	1
Staal, MJ	1
Kliphuis, C	1
van Laar, T	1
Khristy, W	1
Ali, NJ	1
Bravo, AB	1
de Leon, R	1
Roy, RR	2
Zhong, H	1
London, NJ	1
Edgerton, VR	2
Tillakaratne, NJ	1
Eaton, MJ	3
Wolfe, SQ	3
Bonner, JF	1
Blesch, A	1
Neuhuber, B	1
Fischer, I	1
de Groat, WC	1
Yoshimura, N	1
Meisner, JG	1
Marsh, AD	1
Marsh, DR	1
Kumru, H	1
Vidal, J	1
Kofler, M	1
Portell, E	1
Valls-Solé, J	1
Kumar, N	1
Laferriere, A	1
Yu, JS	1
Leavitt, A	1
Coderre, TJ	1
Koelsch, A	1
Feng, Y	1
Fink, DJ	2
Mata, M	2
Boulenguez, P	3
Bos, R	2
Jean-Xavier, C	2
Brocard, C	3
Stil, A	2
Darbon, P	1
Cattaert, D	1
Delpire, E	1
Marsala, M	1
Tazerart, S	2
Portalier, P	1
Brocard, F	2
Patel, SP	1
O'Dell, CR	1
Kitzman, PH	2
Hasbargen, T	1
Ahmed, MM	1
Miranpuri, G	1
Li, L	1
Kahle, KT	1
Resnick, D	1
Sun, D	1
Densmore, VS	1
Kalous, A	1
Keast, JR	1
Osborne, PB	1
Kim, DS	1
Jung, SJ	1
Nam, TS	1
Jeon, YH	1
Lee, DR	1
Lee, JS	1
Leem, JW	1
Kim, DW	1
Emmez, H	1
Börcek, AÖ	1
Kaymaz, M	1
Kaymaz, F	1
Durdağ, E	1
Civi, S	1
Gülbahar, O	1
Aykol, S	1
Paşaoğlu, A	1
Baastrup, C	1
Jensen, TS	1
Finnerup, NB	1
Hulsebosch, CE	5
Boroujerdi, A	1
Zeng, J	1
Sharp, K	1
Kim, D	1
Steward, O	1
Luo, DZ	1
Vucic, S	1
Viemari, JC	1
Pearlstein, E	1
Ha, KY	2
Carragee, E	1
Cheng, I	1
Kwon, SE	2
Kim, YH	2
Hey, M	1
Wilson, I	1
Johnson, MI	1
Guzelkucuk, U	1
Duman, I	1
Yılmaz, B	1
Tan, AK	1
Singh, H	1
Wang, MY	1
Guan, Y	1
Gore, M	1
Brix Finnerup, N	1
Sadosky, A	1
Tai, KS	1
Cappelleri, JC	1
Mardekian, J	1
George Rice, C	1
Nieshoff, E	1
Im, YB	1
Jee, MK	1
Choi, JI	1
Cho, HT	1
Kwon, OH	1
Kang, SK	1
Braid, JJ	1
Kirker, SG	1
Baguley, IJ	1
Svensson, E	1
Kim, O	1
Parker, D	1
Cardenas, DD	1
Nieshoff, EC	1
Suda, K	1
Goto, S	1
Kaneko, T	1
Sporn, J	1
Soulsby, M	1
Whalen, E	1
Scavone, JM	1
Suzuki, MM	1
Knapp, LE	1
Tai, Q	3
Kirshblum, S	1
Chen, B	1
Millis, S	1
Johnston, M	1
DeLisa, JA	1
Sharma, HS	1
Sjöquist, PO	1
Vogel, LC	1
Anderson, CJ	1
Ahn, SH	1
Park, HW	1
Lee, BS	1
Moon, HW	1
Jang, SH	1
Sakong, J	1
Bae, JH	1
Dervan, AG	1
Roberts, BL	1
Hwang, W	1
Ralph, J	1
Marco, E	1
Hemphill, JC	1
SUZUKI, D	1
KUROTAKI, N	1
KAJINO, H	1
SATO, K	1
Wu, WP	1
Hao, JX	2
Ongini, E	1
Impagnatiello, F	1
Presotto, C	1
Wiesenfeld-Hallin, Z	2
Xu, XJ	2
Levendoglu, F	1
Ogün, CO	1
Ozerbil, O	1
Ogün, TC	1
Ugurlu, H	1
Drew, GM	1
Siddall, PJ	2
Duggan, AW	1
Liu, J	1
Wolfe, D	1
Huang, S	1
Glorioso, JC	1
Pedersen, LH	1
Nielsen, AN	1
Blackburn-Munro, G	1
Kao, T	1
Shumsky, JS	1
Jacob-Vadakot, S	1
Himes, BT	1
Murray, M	1
Moxon, KA	1
Zimmer, MB	1
Goshgarian, HG	3
Cousins, MJ	1
Otte, A	1
Griesing, T	1
Chambers, R	1
Murphy, TK	1
Tristan, L	1
Alcaraz-Zubeldia, M	1
Martinez, M	3
Hernandez, M	2
Furst, C	2
Huang, J	1
Frydel, BR	1
Gómez-Marín, O	2
Garg, M	1
Cumberbatch, NM	1
Reimers, R	1
Berrocal, Y	1
Kruszewski, SP	1
Shane, JA	1
Rafati, DS	1
Geissler, K	1
Johnson, K	1
Unabia, G	1
Hulsebosch, C	1
Nesic-Taylor, O	1
Perez-Polo, JR	2
Uhl, TL	1
Dwyer, MK	1
Gray, P	1
Rintala, DH	1
Holmes, SA	1
Courtade, D	1
Fiess, RN	1
Tastard, LV	1
Loubser, PG	1
Liu, W	1
Liu, Z	1
Liu, L	1
Xiao, Z	1
Cao, X	1
Cao, Z	1
Xue, L	1
Miao, L	1
He, X	1
Li, W	1
Rhyu, KW	1
Crown, ED	1
Unabia, GC	1
Thielen, AM	1
Vokatch, N	1
Borradori, L	1
Dougherty, KJ	1
Hochman, S	1
Quintero Wolfe, SC	1
Cumberbatch, N	1
Menendez, I	1
Eaton, M	1
Desmedt, JE	1
Charlton, G	1
Brennan, MJ	1
Ford, DM	1
Priebe, MM	2
Sherwood, AM	2
Graves, DE	1
Mueller, M	2
Olson, WH	2
Palazzolo, K	1
Mautes, A	1
Nacimiento, W	1
Kuhtz-Buschbeck, JP	1
Nacimiento, AC	1
Llewellyn-Smith, IJ	1
Cassam, AK	1
Krenz, NR	1
Krassioukov, AV	1
Weaver, LC	1
Gruenthal, M	1
Olson, WL	1
Li, HS	1
Monhemius, R	1
Simpson, BA	1
Roberts, MH	1
Ness, TJ	1
San Pedro, EC	1
Richards, SJ	1
Kezar, L	1
Liu, HG	1
Mountz, JM	1
Dumoulin, A	1
Privat, A	1
Giménez y Ribotta, M	1
Urban, L	1
Lindå, H	1
Shupliakov, O	1
Ornung, G	1
Ottersen, OP	1
Storm-Mathisen, J	1
Risling, M	1
Cullheim, S	1
Kapadia, NP	1
Harden, N	1
Xu, GY	2
Westlund, KN	1
Taylor, CP	1
McAdoo, DJ	2
Mills, CD	2

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
EMED Detruset Intravesical Electrical Stimulation Catheter for Treatment of Urge Urinary Incontinence and Overactive Bladder Syndrome in Females[NCT02992509]	Early Phase 1	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Completed
Priming With High-Frequency Trans-spinal Stimulation to Augment Locomotor Benefits in Spinal Cord Injury[NCT04807764]		45 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-01	Recruiting
A 17-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Multi-Center Trial Of Pregabalin For The Treatment Of Chronic Central Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury[NCT00407745]	Phase 3	220 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-01-31	Completed
Subcutaneous Injection of Botulinum Toxin A for At--Level Back Pain in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury[NCT02736890]	Phase 2	8 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Terminated (stopped due to funding not available to continue)
Cannabinoids and an Anti-inflammatory Diet for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury[NCT04057456]	Phase 3	140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-01	Recruiting
The Use of Penile Vibratory Stimulation to Decrease Spasticity Following Spinal Cord Injury[NCT00223873]		30 participants	Interventional	2002-11-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

DAAC was derived from participant's daily pain diary, where pain was measured on an 11-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS-Pain)ranging from 0 (did not interfere with sleep) to 10 (completely interfered [unable to sleep due to pain]). The DAAC was calculated as the mean of all daily pain diary rating post baseline minus the baseline score then multiplied by the proportion of the planned study duration completed by the participant. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Number of Participants Having Optimal Sleep Based on Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS)

Intervention	score on scale (Least Squares Mean)
Pregabalin	-1.66
Placebo	-1.07

Participant rated questionnaire to assess sleep quality and quantity. Consists of a 9-item overall sleep problems index (length of time to fall asleep, how many hours of sleep each night during past 4 weeks); 7 subscales rated 1 (all the time) to 6 (none of the time): sleep disturbance, snoring, awaken short of breath (SOB) or with a headache, somnolence adequacy, and sleep quantity. Scores are transformed (actual raw score minus lowest possible score divided by possible raw score range multiplied by 100); total score range = 0 to 100; higher score indicates greater intensity of attribute. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Number of Participants With >=30% Reduction in Weekly Mean Pain Score From Baseline

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	49
Placebo	30

Mean weekly score was calculated as the average of the available daily diary pain score values for the week. Pain score was measured on an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS): 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Number of Participants With >=50% Reduction in Weekly Mean Pain Score From Baseline

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	48
Placebo	33

Number of Participants With Improved Duration of Brief Pain Attacks Based on NPSI - Duration (Item 4)

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	31
Placebo	16

NPSI - Temporal item which assesses the duration (number of hours during the last 24 hours) of spontaneous ongoing pain. Improved duration would be a decrease in the number of hours of spontaneous ongoing pain during the last 24 hours compared to baseline. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Number of Participants With Improvement in the Number of Attacks Based on NPSI - Number of Attacks (Item 7)

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	39
Placebo	28

NPSI - Temporal item which assesses the paroxysmal pain (number of pain attacks during the last 24 hours). Improvement in the number of attacks would be a decrease in the number of paroxysms during the last 24 hours compared to baseline. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) - Anxiety

Intervention	participants (Number)
Pregabalin	48
Placebo	38

HADS: participant rated questionnaire with 2 subscales. HADS-A assesses state of generalized anxiety (anxious mood, restlessness, anxious thoughts, panic attacks); HADS-D assesses state of lost interest and diminished pleasure response (lowering of hedonic tone). Each subscale comprised of 7 items with range 0 (no presence of anxiety or depression) to 3 (severe feeling of anxiety or depression). Total score 0 to 21 for each subscale; higher score indicates greater severity of anxiety and depression symptoms. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) - Depression

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	6.9	-0.8
Pregabalin	6.7	-1.4

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Awaken Short of Breath or With a Headache

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	6.3	-0.5
Pregabalin	5.2	-1.0

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Sleep Adequacy

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 105)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 98)
Placebo	12.8	-0.2
Pregabalin	15.0	-6.2

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Sleep Disturbance

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 104)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 97)
Placebo	43.8	5.7
Pregabalin	42.3	11.6

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Sleep Quantity

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 104)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 97)
Placebo	51.2	-8.0
Pregabalin	51.9	-17.3

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Snoring

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 104,105)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 98)
Placebo	6.2	0.2
Pregabalin	5.9	0.6

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS) - Somnolence

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 104)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 97)
Placebo	35.6	-4.7
Pregabalin	31.2	2.2

Change From Baseline in Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS)- 9-Item Overall Sleep Problems Index

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 105)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 97)
Placebo	39.7	-4.9
Pregabalin	36.3	-0.8

Change From Baseline in Modified Brief Pain Inventory Interference Scale (10-Item) (mBPI-10) Total Score

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 103)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 95)
Placebo	45.9	-5.8
Pregabalin	45.7	-10.8

"The Modified Brief Pain Inventory (mBPI-10) Interference Scale is a self administered questionnaire that assessed pain interference with functional activities over the past week. The items were measured on an 11 point scale, ranging from does not interfere (0) to completely interferes (10). A composite score, the pain interference index, was calculated by averaging the 10 items that comprised the scale." (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - 12 Items Total Intensity Score

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	4.9	-1.1
Pregabalin	4.7	-1.6

Participant rated questionnaire used to evaluate different symptoms of neuropathic pain (dimensions: burning [superficial] spontaneous pain, pressing [deep] spontaneous pain, paroxysmal pain, evoked pain, and paresthesia/dyesthesia [P/D]). Includes 10 descriptors quantified on a 0 (no symptoms) to 10 (worst symptoms imaginable) and 2 temporal items assessing duration of spontaneous ongoing and paroxysmal pain. Questionnaire generates a score in each of the relevant dimensions and a total score of 0-100. Higher score indicates a greater intensity of pain. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Burning Spontaneous Pain

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 104, 106)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 99, 99)
Placebo	0.4	-0.1
Pregabalin	0.4	-0.1

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Evoked Pain

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	0.5	-0.1
Pregabalin	0.5	-0.1

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Individual Item (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) Score

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	0.4	-0.1
Pregabalin	0.4	-0.1

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Paresthesia/Dysesthesia

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	1- Burning pain (n = 100, 99)	2- Squeezing pain (n = 100, 99)	3- Pain like pressure (n = 100, 99)	5- Electric shocks (n = 100, 99)	6- Stabbing pain (n = 100, 99)	8- By light touching (n = 100, 99)	9- By pressure (n = 100, 99)	10- By something cold (n = 100, 99)	11- Pins and needles (n = 99, 99)	12- Tingling (n = 99, 99)
Placebo	-1.00	-0.41	-0.20	-0.68	-0.52	-0.94	-1.10	-0.52	-0.62	-0.83
Pregabalin	-1.39	-1.04	-0.73	-1.77	-1.13	-0.78	-1.22	-0.89	-1.01	-0.99

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Paroxysmal Pain

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 104, 106)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 99, 99)
Placebo	0.5	-0.1
Pregabalin	0.5	-0.1

Change From Baseline in Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) - Pressing Spontaneous Pain

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	0.3	-0.1
Pregabalin	0.4	-0.1

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP) - Dynamic Mechanical Allodynia

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 100, 99)
Placebo	0.4	-0.0
Pregabalin	0.4	-0.1

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (dynamic mechanical allodynia - gentle stroking with foam brush) was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP) - Static Mechanical Allodynia

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 83, 82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 79, 75)
Placebo	2.3	-0.3
Pregabalin	2.7	-0.6

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (static mechanical allodynia - gentle constant mechanical pressure) was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP)- Cold Allodynia

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 83, 82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 79, 75)
Placebo	2.6	-0.3
Pregabalin	2.9	-1.0

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (Cold allodynia - touch with cool metal rod 13-17 degrees celsius was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP)- Cold Hyperalgesia Subscales

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 83, 82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 79, 72)
Placebo	2.7	0.4
Pregabalin	2.5	-0.1

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (Cold hyperalgesia - touch with cold metal rod 4 degrees celsius) was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP)- Punctata Hyperalgesia

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 83, 82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 79, 72)
Placebo	2.8	0.4
Pregabalin	2.8	-0.1

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (Punctata hyperalgesia - pinprick) was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Quantitative Assessment of Neuropathic Pain (QANeP)- Temporal Summation to Tactile Stimuli

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n=83,82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n=79,75)
Placebo	3.4	-0.4
Pregabalin	3.9	-1.0

Participant rated pain scale. The pain produced by the applied stimulus (Temporal summation to tactile stimuli - repeated touching/tapping) was rated on an 11 point numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10=worst possible pain). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Weekly Mean Pain Score

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 83, 82)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 79, 75)
Placebo	3.9	-0.8
Pregabalin	4.1	-0.5

Change From Baseline in Weekly Mean Pain Score by Week

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Change from baseline at endpoint
Placebo	6.5	-1.2
Pregabalin	6.5	-1.9

Change From Baseline in Weekly Mean Sleep Interference Score

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 111, 108)	Change at Week 1 (n = 111, 107)	Change at Week 2 (n = 110, 105)	Change at Week 3 (n = 107, 105)	Change at Week 4 (n = 107, 103)	Change at Week 5 (n = 105, 101)	Change at Week 6 (n = 105, 99)	Change at Week 7 (n = 103, 98)	Change at Week 8 (n = 101, 97)	Change at Week 9 (n = 98, 97)	Change at Week 10 (n = 97, 91)	Change at Week 11 (n = 96, 90)	Change at Week 12 (n = 96, 91)	Change at Week 13 (n = 93, 91)	Change at Week 14 (n = 93, 92)	Change at Week 15 (n = 93, 92)	Change at Week 16 (n = 89, 90)
Placebo	6.51	-0.38	-0.62	-0.86	-1.03	-1.07	-1.22	-1.34	-1.32	-1.37	-1.32	-1.43	-1.44	-1.39	-1.34	-1.41	-1.36
Pregabalin	6.44	-0.85	-1.26	-1.35	-1.64	-1.87	-1.89	-2.02	-1.96	-1.99	-2.03	-2.04	-1.90	-2.02	-2.00	-2.09	-2.17

Pain-related sleep interference was assessed on an 11-point numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (did not interfere with sleep) to 10 (completely interfered [unable to sleep due to pain]). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

Change From Baseline in Weekly Mean Sleep Interference Score by Week

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 105, 105)	Change from baseline at endpoint (n = 105, 104)
Placebo	5.2	-1.0
Pregabalin	4.9	-2.0

Pain related sleep interference was assessed on an 11 point numerical rating scale ranging from 0 (did not interfere with sleep) to 10 (completely interfered [unable to sleep due to pain]). (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 1 through 16

Number of Participants With Categorical Scores on the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) (Full Scale)

Intervention	score on scale (Mean)
	Baseline (n = 111, 107)	Change at Week 1 (n = 111, 106)	Change at Week 2 (n = 110, 104)	Change at Week 3 (n = 107, 104)	Change at Week 4 (n = 107, 102)	Change at Week 5 (n = 105, 100)	Change at Week 6 (n = 105, 98)	Change at Week 7 (n = 103, 97)	Change at Week 8 (n = 101, 96)	Change at Week 9 (n = 98, 96)	Change at Week 10 (n = 97, 90)	Change at Week 11 (n = 96, 89)	Change at Week 12 (n = 96, 90)	Change at Week 13 (n = 93, 90)	Change at Week 14 (n = 93, 91)	Change at Week 15 (n = 93, 91)	Change at Week 16 (n = 89, 89)
Placebo	5.18	-0.26	-0.49	-0.61	-0.90	-0.91	-0.99	-1.10	-1.11	-1.11	-1.12	-1.20	-1.20	-1.19	-1.18	-1.11	-1.17
Pregabalin	4.86	-0.96	-1.29	-1.36	-1.59	-1.81	-1.86	-1.98	-1.97	-2.03	-2.18	-2.08	-2.07	-2.08	-2.09	-2.15	-2.25

The PGIC is a participant-rated instrument measuring change in the participant's overall status on a 7-point scale: 1=very much improved, 2=much improved, 3=minimally improved, 4=no change, 5=minimally worse, 6=much worse, 7=very much worse. (NCT00407745)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 16

7-Point Guy/Farrar Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)

Intervention	participants (Number)
	1-Very much improved	2-Much improved	3-Minimally improved	4-No change	5-Minimally worse	6-Much worse	7-Very much worse
Placebo	2	25	24	40	5	3	0
Pregabalin	7	33	38	19	2	0	1

"Mean change from baseline. Participants are asked Taking into account your pain level and how it affects your life, are you feeling better, the same or worse than when you started treatment? and then to quantify the magnitude of the change. with the 7-Point guy Farrar which measures the global treatment effect from with scale from 0 to 6, higher score indicates worse outcomes." (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Day-to-day Activities

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	2.2	2.4	2	2	0	0	0	0
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	0.3	0.3	0	0	5	5	3	1

The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting day-to-day activities subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes. (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Mood

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	4.2	5.4	5	5	4.8	7	6.7	7	6.7
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	5.3	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	2	3	4	5

The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting mood subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes. (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Sleep

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	5.6	6.6	5.8	5.2	5.6	7	7	7.3	6.7
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	5.7	2.7	2.7	4.3	5.7	2	3	4	7

The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting sleep subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes. (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	5.8	4.6	5	6	6.2	8	8	8	7.3
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	6.7	4.7	3.3	6	6.7	1	3	4	5

Participant rated pain intensity from 0-10, with higher score indicating more pain (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

Patient-generated Index (PGI)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	baseline	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	7.6	6.4	5.6	5.6	5.6	8	8	6.7	8
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	8	8	8	8	8	5	5	6	7

PGI measures activity affected by pain. Full score is 0 to 10000, with higher score indicating better function (NCT02736890)
Timeframe: up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

106 other studies available for gamma-aminobutyric acid and Injuries, Spinal Cord

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	2 week post injection	4 week post injection	8 week post injection	12 week post injection	crossover 2 week follow up	crossover 4 week follow up	crossover 8 week follow up	crossover 12 week follow up
Botulinum Toxin A Then Placebo	4250	5240	5219	3725	4330	3333.3	3333.3	3333.3	3333.3
Placebo Then Botulinum Toxin A	1500	1550	1825	2800	1800	3500	3750	3000	1500

Article	Year
Ionic Plasticity: Common Mechanistic Underpinnings of Pathology in Spinal Cord Injury and the Brain. Cells, 2022, 09-17, Volume: 11, Issue:18 Topics: Brain; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Potassium; Receptors, GABA-A; Spinal Cord Injurie	2022
Viral Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase for Chronic Pain Treatment: A Literature Review. Human gene therapy, 2020, Volume: 31, Issue:7-8 Topics: Accessory Nerve Injuries; AIDS-Associated Nephropathy; Animals; Chronic Pain; Diabetic Neuropathies;	2020
Differential effects of spinal cord transection on glycinergic and GABAergic synaptic signaling in sub-lesional lumbar motoneurons. Journal of chemical neuroanatomy, 2021, Volume: 113 Topics: Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Motor Neurons; Rats; Receptors, GABA-A; Receptors, Glycin	2021
Crossing the Chloride Channel: The Current and Potential Therapeutic Value of the Neuronal K BioMed research international, 2019, Volume: 2019 Topics: Central Nervous System; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Target	2019
Anticonvulsant medication use for the management of pain following spinal cord injury: systematic review and effectiveness analysis. Spinal cord, 2014, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Anticonvulsants; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Aci	2014
Gabapentinoids are effective in decreasing neuropathic pain and other secondary outcomes after spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2014, Volume: 95, Issue:11 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Anxiety; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Depression; Gaba	2014
Combined approaches for the relief of spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain. Complementary therapies in medicine, 2016, Volume: 25 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Chronic Pain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neuralgia; Pain Management; Spin	2016
Efficacy of pregabalin and gabapentin for neuropathic pain in spinal-cord injury: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2008, Volume: 64, Issue:9 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Evidence-Based Medicine; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobut	2008
Changes in afferent activity after spinal cord injury. Neurourology and urodynamics, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Central Nervous System; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Geneti	2010
GABA and central neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. Neuropharmacology, 2011, Volume: 60, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Interneurons; Neuralgia; Neuroglia; Posterior Horn Cells;	2011
Chapter 1--importance of chloride homeostasis in the operation of rhythmic motor networks. Progress in brain research, 2011, Volume: 188 Topics: Animals; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Glycine; Homeostasis; Locomotion; Memb	2011
Gabapentin reduces experimental secondary neurologic dysfunction in rats. Neurosurgery, 2011, Volume: 68, Issue:4 Topics: Amines; Animals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nervous S	2011
Spinal cord stimulation: neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of action. Current pain and headache reports, 2012, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Chronic Pain; Electric Stimulation Therapy; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Mice, Transgenic	2012
Pregabalin in the management of central neuropathic pain. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:17 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Neuralgia; Pregabalin; Ris	2007

Article	Year
Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in patients with spinal cord injury: a pooled analysis. Current medical research and opinion, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Neuralgia; Pa	2013
A randomized trial of pregabalin in patients with neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury. Neurology, 2013, 02-05, Volume: 80, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuralg	2013
Gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2002,Summer, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Amines; Analgesics; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response	2002
Gabapentin effect on neuropathic pain compared among patients with spinal cord injury and different durations of symptoms. Spine, 2003, Feb-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Ac	2003
Gabapentin is a first line drug for the treatment of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury. Spine, 2004, Apr-01, Volume: 29, Issue:7 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Amines; Analgesics; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disabili	2004
Pregabalin in central neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury: a placebo-controlled trial. Neurology, 2006, Nov-28, Volume: 67, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Affect; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics; Anxiety; Disability Evaluation; Dose-Response Re	2006
Comparison of the effectiveness of amitriptyline and gabapentin on chronic neuropathic pain in persons with spinal cord injury. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2007, Volume: 88, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amines; Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Antidepressive Agents, Tricycl	2007
Effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling spasticity: a quantitative study. Spinal cord, 1997, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Amines; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship	1997
Gabapentin for the treatment of spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal cord, 1997, Volume: 35, Issue:10 Topics: Acetates; Administration, Oral; Adult; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclohexanecarbo	1997
Liorseal, a new muscle relaxant in the treatment of spasticity--a double-blind quantitative evaluation. Diseases of the nervous system, 1977, Volume: 38, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aminobutyrates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Meth	1977
Effects of a GABA--derivative (BA-34647) on spasticity. Preliminary report of a double-blind cross-over study. American journal of physical medicine, 1974, Volume: 53, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aminobutyrates; Clinical Trials as Topic; Electromyography; Female; gam	1974

Article	Year
Misuse of gabapentinoids (pregabalin and gabapentin) in patients with neuropathic pain related to spinal cord injury. The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2023, Volume: 46, Issue:5 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobut	2023
Body Weight-Supported Treadmill Training Ameliorates Motoneuronal Hyperexcitability by Increasing GAD-65/67 and KCC2 Expression via TrkB Signaling in Rats with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury. Neurochemical research, 2022, Volume: 47, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunoglobulin G;	2022
Behavioral studies of spinal conditioning: The spinal cord is smarter than you think it is. Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition, 2022, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Learning; Neuronal Plasticity; Spinal Cord Injuries	2022
Molecular Identification of Pro-Excitogenic Receptor and Channel Phenotypes of the Deafferented Lumbar Motoneurons in the Early Phase after SCT in Rats. International journal of molecular sciences, 2022, Sep-22, Volume: 23, Issue:19 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Aci	2022
GABAergic regulation of cell proliferation within the adult mouse spinal cord. Neuropharmacology, 2023, Feb-01, Volume: 223 Topics: Animals; Cell Proliferation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Neural Stem Cells; Receptors, GABA; Spin	2023
Swimming and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles ameliorates aging-induced neuron atrophy, autophagy marker LC3, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of rats. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology, 2023, Volume: 475, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Arginine; Atrophy; Autophagy; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Chitosan; ga	2023
Impact of Endurance Training on Regeneration of Axons, Glial Cells, and Inhibitory Neurons after Spinal Cord Injury: A Link between Functional Outcome and Regeneration Potential within the Lesion Site and in Adjacent Spinal Cord Tissue. International journal of molecular sciences, 2023, May-11, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Axons; Endurance Training; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; Neuroglia;	2023
Neonatal Injury Alters Sensory Input and Synaptic Plasticity in GABAergic Interneurons of the Adult Mouse Dorsal Horn. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2019, 10-02, Volume: 39, Issue:40 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Calcium; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Intern	2019
Single-step functionalization of poly-catecholamine nanofilms for ultra-sensitive immunosensing of ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL-1) in spinal cord injury. Biosensors & bioelectronics, 2019, Dec-01, Volume: 145 Topics: Biomarkers; Biosensing Techniques; Catecholamines; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Graphite; Huma	2019
[ Neuropharmacology, 2017, 05-15, Volume: 118 Topics: Amines; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-R	2017
Opposite, bidirectional shifts in excitation and inhibition in specific types of dorsal horn interneurons are associated with spasticity and pain post-SCI. Scientific reports, 2017, 07-19, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Chronic Pain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Interneurons; Male; Musc	2017
Changes in innervation of lumbar motoneurons and organization of premotor network following training of transected adult rats. Experimental neurology, 2018, Volume: 299, Issue:Pt A Topics: Animals; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Hindlimb; Interneurons; Locomotion; Lumbosacral R	2018
Anatomical recovery of the GABAergic system after a complete spinal cord injury in lampreys. Neuropharmacology, 2018, 03-15, Volume: 131 Topics: Animals; Cell Count; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; GABAergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Lam	2018
The Role of Ventral Tegmental Area Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid in Chronic Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. Journal of neurotrauma, 2018, 08-01, Volume: 35, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Chronic Pain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Neuralgia; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal	2018
Ionic plasticity and pain: The loss of descending serotonergic fibers after spinal cord injury transforms how GABA affects pain. Experimental neurology, 2018, Volume: 306 Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Capsaicin; Conditioning, Operant; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; K	2018
GABA promotes survival and axonal regeneration in identifiable descending neurons after spinal cord injury in larval lampreys. Cell death & disease, 2018, 06-28, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Axons; Baclofen; Caspases; Cell Survival; Enzyme Activation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Lampr	2018
Improvement of contusive spinal cord injury in rats by co-transplantation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Cytotherapy, 2013, Volume: 15, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Nerve	2013
Integrity of cortical perineuronal nets influences corticospinal tract plasticity after spinal cord injury. Brain structure & function, 2015, Volume: 220, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; Disease Models, Animal; Female; GABAergic Ne	2015
Overexpression of BDNF increases excitability of the lumbar spinal network and leads to robust early locomotor recovery in completely spinalized rats. PloS one, 2014, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Dependovirus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Vectors;	2014
Neuronal release and successful astrocyte uptake of aminoacidergic neurotransmitters after spinal cord injury in lampreys. Glia, 2014, Volume: 62, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Axons; Fish Proteins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid;	2014
Exercise modulates chloride homeostasis after spinal cord injury. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2014, Jul-02, Volume: 34, Issue:27 Topics: Acetates; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bumetanide; Chloride Channels; Chlorides; Cord	2014
Agrin requires specific proteins to selectively activate γ-aminobutyric acid neurons for pain suppression. Experimental neurology, 2014, Volume: 261 Topics: Adenoviridae; Agrin; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; gamma-Aminobut	2014
Spinal cord injury affects I-wave facilitation in human motor cortex. Brain research bulletin, 2015, Volume: 116 Topics: Adult; Electromyography; Evoked Potentials, Motor; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Lower Ex	2015
Analysis of the behavioral, cellular and molecular characteristics of pain in severe rodent spinal cord injury. Experimental neurology, 2016, Volume: 278 Topics: Amines; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Carbenoxolone; Connexin	2016
Suppressed GABAergic signaling in the zona incerta causes neuropathic pain in a thoracic hemisection spinal cord injury rat model. Neuroscience letters, 2016, Oct-06, Volume: 632 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; GABA Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobuty	2016
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) transforms how GABA affects nociceptive sensitization. Experimental neurology, 2016, Volume: 285, Issue:Pt A Topics: Acetates; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bicuculline; Bumetanide; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal;	2016
Enzyme activities involved in the glutamate-glutamine cycle are altered to reduce glutamate after spinal cord injury in rats. Neuroreport, 2016, Dec-14, Volume: 27, Issue:18 Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Activation; Female; ga	2016
Plasticity of lumbosacral propriospinal neurons is associated with the development of autonomic dysreflexia after thoracic spinal cord transection. The Journal of comparative neurology, 2008, Aug-01, Volume: 509, Issue:4 Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Antibodies; Autonomic Dysreflexia; Biotin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase;	2008
Prolonged nociceptive responses to hind paw formalin injection in rats with a spinal cord injury. Neuroscience letters, 2008, Jul-11, Volume: 439, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Fixatives; Formaldehyde; Functional Laterality; g	2008
Spinal cord injury-induced attenuation of GABAergic inhibition in spinal dorsal horn circuits is associated with down-regulation of the chloride transporter KCC2 in rat. The Journal of physiology, 2008, Dec-01, Volume: 586, Issue:23 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Blotting, Western; Carboxylic Acids; Electric Stimulation;	2008
The effect of intravesical electrical stimulation on bladder function and synaptic neurotransmission in the rat spinal cord after spinal cord injury. BJU international, 2009, Volume: 103, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Rats;	2009
Gabapentin and pregabalin ameliorate mechanical hypersensitivity after spinal cord injury in mice. European journal of pharmacology, 2009, May-01, Volume: 609, Issue:1-3 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Eva	2009
The incidence and management of tolerance in intrathecal baclofen therapy. Spinal cord, 2009, Volume: 47, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Baclofen; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance;	2009
Changes in GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma 2 in extensor and flexor motoneurons and astrocytes after spinal cord transection and motor training. Brain research, 2009, Jun-01, Volume: 1273 Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Exercise Therapy; Female; Fluorescent Dyes; gamma-Amino	2009
Clinical feasibility for cell therapy using human neuronal cell line to treat neuropathic behavioral hypersensitivity following spinal cord injury in rats. Journal of rehabilitation research and development, 2009, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists	2009
Promoting directional axon growth from neural progenitors grafted into the injured spinal cord. Journal of neuroscience research, 2010, May-01, Volume: 88, Issue:6 Topics: Aging; Animals; Axons; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Enlargement; Female; gamma-Aminobutyr	2010
Loss of GABAergic interneurons in laminae I-III of the spinal cord dorsal horn contributes to reduced GABAergic tone and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 2010, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; GABA Agonists; G	2010
Alterations in excitatory and inhibitory brainstem interneuronal circuits after severe spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 2010, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Baclofen; Blinking; Brain Stem; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Female; GABA Agonis	2010
Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate. Journal of neurochemistry, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Rel	2010
Transgene-mediated GDNF expression enhances synaptic connectivity and GABA transmission to improve functional outcome after spinal cord contusion. Journal of neurochemistry, 2010, Volume: 113, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; g	2010
Down-regulation of the potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2 contributes to spasticity after spinal cord injury. Nature medicine, 2010, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Carboxylic Acids; Chloride Channels;	2010
Differential plasticity of the GABAergic and glycinergic synaptic transmission to rat lumbar motoneurons after spinal cord injury. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2010, Mar-03, Volume: 30, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Efferent Pathways; g	2010
Spasticity: a switch from inhibition to excitation. Nature medicine, 2010, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Chloride Channels; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; K Cl- Cotransporters; Membrane	2010
Gabapentin for spasticity and autonomic dysreflexia after severe spinal cord injury. Spinal cord, 2011, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Amines; Animals; Autonomic Dysreflexia; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Female;	2011
Role of NKCC1 and KCC2 in the development of chronic neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2010, Volume: 1198 Topics: Animals; Bumetanide; Chronic Disease; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; K Cl- Cot	2010
Above-level mechanical hyperalgesia in rats develops after incomplete spinal cord injury but not after cord transection, and is reversed by amitriptyline, morphine and gabapentin. Pain, 2010, Volume: 151, Issue:1 Topics: Amines; Amitriptyline; Analgesics; Animals; Cell Count; Cross-Over Studies; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Ac	2010
Transplantation of GABAergic neurons from ESCs attenuates tactile hypersensitivity following spinal cord injury. Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio), 2010, Volume: 28, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Embryonic Stem Cells; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Mice; Neurons; R	2010
Neuroprotective effects of gabapentin in experimental spinal cord injury. World neurosurgery, 2010, Volume: 73, Issue:6 Topics: Amines; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Di	2010
Pregabalin attenuates place escape/avoidance behavior in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Brain research, 2011, Jan-25, Volume: 1370 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Fear; Fe	2011
Calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 protein upregulation in dorsal spinal cord mediates spinal cord injury-induced neuropathic pain states. Pain, 2011, Volume: 152, Issue:3 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Calcium Channels; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids	2011
Insights into the mechanisms underlying cortical plasticity following spinal cord injury. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2011, Volume: 122, Issue:7 Topics: Cerebral Cortex; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nerve Net; Neuronal Plasticity; S	2011
[Reduced neuronal inhibition and spasticity following spinal cord injury]. Medecine sciences : M/S, 2011, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; H-Reflex; H	2011
Pregabalin as a neuroprotector after spinal cord injury in rats: biochemical analysis and effect on glial cells. Journal of Korean medical science, 2011, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Body Weight; Caspase 3; Cell Proliferation; Fluor	2011
Stellate ganglion blockade (SGB) for refractory index finger pain - a case report. Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2011, Volume: 54, Issue:3 Topics: Abdominal Pain; Accidental Falls; Acetaminophen; Adult; Amines; Autonomic Nerve Block; Chronic Disea	2011
Reversible post-pregabalin peripheral edema in a spinal cord injury patient. Spinal cord, 2012, Volume: 50, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Edema; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Neuralgia; Paraple	2012
Pain-related pharmacotherapy, healthcare resource use and costs in spinal cord injury patients prescribed pregabalin. Spinal cord, 2013, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Comorbidity; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Health Care Costs; Health Resources	2013
Molecular targeting of NOX4 for neuropathic pain after traumatic injury of the spinal cord. Cell death & disease, 2012, Nov-15, Volume: 3 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mi	2012
Spasticity increases during pregabalin withdrawal. Brain injury, 2013, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Palsy; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; g	2013
Altered GABA and somatostatin modulation of proprioceptive feedback after spinal cord injury in lamprey. Neuroscience, 2013, Apr-03, Volume: 235 Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Electrophysiological Phenomena; Extracellular Space; Feedback, Physiological;	2013
A new antioxidant compound H-290/51 modulates glutamate and GABA immunoreactivity in the rat spinal cord following trauma. Amino acids, 2002, Volume: 23, Issue:1-3 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Edema; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Neu	2002
Self-injurious behavior in children and adolescents with spinal cord injuries. Spinal cord, 2002, Volume: 40, Issue:12 Topics: Acetates; Adolescent; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Child; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Fe	2002
Reaction of spinal cord central canal cells to cord transection and their contribution to cord regeneration. The Journal of comparative neurology, 2003, Apr-07, Volume: 458, Issue:3 Topics: Anguilla; Animals; Carbocyanines; Cell Division; Ependyma; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glial Fibrillary	2003
Incomplete Brown-Séquard syndrome after methamphetamine injection into the neck. Neurology, 2003, Jun-24, Volume: 60, Issue:12 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Amines; Brown-Sequard Syndrome; Causalgia; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin;	2003
[EFFECT OF GABOB AND A RELATED SUBSTANCE ON SPINAL CORD INJURIES AND PERIPHERAL PARALYSIS]. No to shinkei = Brain and nerve, 1964, Volume: 16 Topics: Amino Acids; Blood Circulation; Blood Pressure Determination; Cats; Electromyography; gamma-Aminobut	1964
A nitric oxide (NO)-releasing derivative of gabapentin, NCX 8001, alleviates neuropathic pain-like behavior after spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury. British journal of pharmacology, 2004, Volume: 141, Issue:1 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Behavior, Animal; Cyclic GMP; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acid	2004
Mechanical allodynia following contusion injury of the rat spinal cord is associated with loss of GABAergic inhibition in the dorsal horn. Pain, 2004, Volume: 109, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bicuculline; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Female; GABA	2004
Peripherally delivered glutamic acid decarboxylase gene therapy for spinal cord injury pain. Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2004, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Bicuculline; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, S	2004
Anti-nociception is selectively enhanced by parallel inhibition of multiple subtypes of monoamine transporters in rat models of persistent and neuropathic pain. Psychopharmacology, 2005, Volume: 182, Issue:4 Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Bupropio	2005
Role of the 5-HT2C receptor in improving weight-supported stepping in adult rats spinalized as neonates. Brain research, 2006, Sep-27, Volume: 1112, Issue:1 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Resp	2006
GABA, not glycine, mediates inhibition of latent respiratory motor pathways after spinal cord injury. Experimental neurology, 2007, Volume: 203, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Body Weight; Efferent Pathways; Female; GABA Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric A	2007
Acute alterations of glutamate, glutamine, GABA, and other amino acids after spinal cord contusion in rats. Neurochemical research, 2007, Volume: 32, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Citrulline; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glutamine; Glyci	2007
Subarachnoid transplant of a human neuronal cell line attenuates chronic allodynia and hyperalgesia after excitotoxic spinal cord injury in the rat. The journal of pain, 2007, Volume: 8, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Transplantation;	2007
Optimizing the transplant dose of a human neuronal cell line graft to treat SCI pain in the rat. Neuroscience letters, 2007, Mar-06, Volume: 414, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Cell Count; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; gamma-Aminobutyr	2007
Pregabalin in central neuropathic pain associated with spinal cord injury: a placebo-controlled trial. Neurology, 2007, Jun-12, Volume: 68, Issue:24 Topics: Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Analgesics; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Body Weight; Conflict of I	2007
Nuclear factor-kappaB decoy amelioration of spinal cord injury-induced inflammation and behavior outcomes. Journal of neuroscience research, 2008, Feb-15, Volume: 86, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Binding Sites; Cyclooxygenase 2; DNA; Enzyme Inhibitors; gamma-Aminobutyr	2008
Gabapentin suppresses spasticity in the spinal cord-injured rat. Neuroscience, 2007, Nov-23, Volume: 149, Issue:4 Topics: Amines; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Cross-Over Studies; Cycloh	2007
A novel human foamy virus mediated gene transfer of GAD67 reduces neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. Neuroscience letters, 2008, Feb-13, Volume: 432, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genet	2008
Pregabalin as a neuroprotector after spinal cord injury in rats. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2008, Volume: 17, Issue:6 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apoptosis; gamma-Aminobutyric	2008
Propentofylline attenuates allodynia, glial activation and modulates GABAergic tone after spinal cord injury in the rat. Pain, 2008, Aug-31, Volume: 138, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Neuroglia; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord Inj	2008
Chronic hemicorporal prurigo related to a posttraumatic Brown-Séquard syndrome. Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 2008, Volume: 217, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Antipruritics; Brown-Sequard Syndrome; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male	2008
Spinal cord injury causes plasticity in a subpopulation of lamina I GABAergic interneurons. Journal of neurophysiology, 2008, Volume: 100, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cadmium; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response	2008
Ronald Tasker Award: Intrathecal transplantation of a human neuronal cell line for the treatment of neuropathic pain in a spinal cord injury model. Clinical neurosurgery, 2007, Volume: 54 Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Embryonal; Cell Line, Tumor; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycine; Injections, Spina	2007
Mechanisms of vibration-induced inhibition or potentiation: tonic vibration reflex and vibration paradox in man. Advances in neurology, 1983, Volume: 39 Topics: Afferent Pathways; Extremities; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; H-Reflex; Humans; Masseter Muscle; Mechanor	1983
Alterations in neurotransmitter receptor binding in the spinal cord after transection. Brain research, 1981, Aug-10, Volume: 218, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Quinuclidinyl Benzilate; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Rece	1981
Ultrastructural quantitative analysis of glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic terminals in the phrenic nucleus after spinal cord injury. The Journal of comparative neurology, 1996, Aug-26, Volume: 372, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron;	1996
Ultrastructural characteristics of glutamatergic and GABAergic terminals in cat lamina IX before and after spinal cord injury. The journal of spinal cord medicine, 1997, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Cats; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamine; Microscopy, Electron; Nerve Endings; Spinal Cord;	1997
Glutamate- and GABA-immunoreactive synapses on sympathetic preganglionic neurons caudal to a spinal cord transection in rats. Neuroscience, 1997, Volume: 80, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Axonal Transport; Dendrites; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Ganglia, Sympathetic	1997
Supraspinal inhibition of nociceptive dorsal horn neurones in the anaesthetized rat: tonic or dynamic? The Journal of physiology, 1998, Jan-15, Volume: 506 ( Pt 2) Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Efferent Pathways; Electromyography; Electrophysiology; Evo	1998
A case of spinal cord injury-related pain with baseline rCBF brain SPECT imaging and beneficial response to gabapentin. Pain, 1998, Volume: 78, Issue:2 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Amines; Analgesics; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids	1998
Transplantation of embryonic Raphe cells regulates the modifications of the gabaergic phenotype occurring in the injured spinal cord. Neuroscience, 2000, Volume: 95, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Cell Transplantation; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; gamma-Aminob	2000
Repeated administration of systemic gabapentin alleviates allodynia-like behaviors in spinally injured rats. Neuroscience letters, 2000, Feb-25, Volume: 280, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Cold Temperature; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administr	2000
Ultrastructural evidence for a preferential elimination of glutamate-immunoreactive synaptic terminals from spinal motoneurons after intramedullary axotomy. The Journal of comparative neurology, 2000, Sep-11, Volume: 425, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Axotomy; Cats; Dendrites; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Glycine; Microscopy, Elec	2000
Gabapentin for chronic pain in spinal cord injury: a case report. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2000, Volume: 81, Issue:10 Topics: Acetates; Adult; Amines; Analgesics; Chronic Disease; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; Gabapenti	2000
Rodent model of chronic central pain after spinal cord contusion injury and effects of gabapentin. Journal of neurotrauma, 2000, Volume: 17, Issue:12 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Contusions; Cyclohexanecar	2000
Changes in exploratory behavior as a measure of chronic central pain following spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 2001, Volume: 18, Issue:10 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Analgesics; Animals; Chronic Disease; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Exploratory Beh	2001
Involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptors in excitatory amino acid and GABA release following spinal cord injury in rat. Journal of neurochemistry, 2001, Volume: 79, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Excitatory Ami	2001
Hyperhidrosis in pediatric spinal cord injury: a case report and gabapentin therapy. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2002, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Child; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-Ami	2002
Gabapentin for neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. Spinal cord, 2002, Volume: 40, Issue:6 Topics: Acetates; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amines; Chronic Disease; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Aci	2002
[Lioresal in the treatment of spasticity]. Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1976, Jul-19, Volume: 31, Issue:29 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aminobutyrates; Baclofen; Drug Evaluation; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid;	1976
Treatment of mammalian spinal cord injury with antioxidants. International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience, 1991, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Anura; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory; Free Radicals	1991
Alteration in extracellular amino acids after traumatic spinal cord injury. Annals of neurology, 1990, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Glycine; Male; Rabbits; Sp	1990
Effect of impact trauma on neurotransmitter and nonneurotransmitter amino acids in rat spinal cord. Journal of neurochemistry, 1989, Volume: 52, Issue:5 Topics: Alanine; Amino Acids; Animals; Asparagine; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Gluta	1989
Interfering with inhibition may improve motor function. Brain research, 1985, Nov-04, Volume: 346, Issue:2 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bicuculline; Cats; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neural Inhibitio	1985
A systems approach to nerve regeneration. Progress in brain research, 1987, Volume: 71 Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; N	1987
Decreased uptake and release of D-aspartate in the guinea pig spinal cord after partial cordotomy. Journal of neurochemistry, 1985, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Aspartic Acid; Biological Transport; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; Nerve Degenerati	1985
Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid levels of baclofen (Lioresal) at optimal therapeutic responses in spastic paresis. Journal of the neurological sciences, 1974, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aminobutyrates; Cold Temperature; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans;	1974