gamma-aminobutyric acid has been researched along with Alcohol Abuse in 263 studies
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "We evaluated effectiveness and predictors of response of gabapentin (GBP) as adjunctive treatment in a sample of 43 subjects with DSM-III-R bipolar disorder who were resistant to standard mood stabilizers." | 7.71 | Effectiveness of adjunctive gabapentin in resistant bipolar disorder: is it due to anxious-alcohol abuse comorbidity? ( Akiskal, HS; Frare, F; Moretti, L; Perugi, G; Ruffolo, G; Toni, C; Torti, C, 2002) |
| "Alcohol dependence is associated with time-dependent changes in brain GABA(A) receptor density and subunit gene expression levels that contribute to a withdrawal-related deficit in GABA(A) receptor function." | 6.43 | Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and alcoholism: intoxication, dependence, vulnerability, and treatment. ( Gelernter, J; Harris, RA; Kaufman, J; Krystal, JH; Lappalainen, J; Mason, G; Petrakis, IL; Staley, J, 2006) |
| " Mean dosage +/- SD at week 8 was 1270 +/- 561." | 5.31 | Effectiveness of adjunctive gabapentin in resistant bipolar disorder: is it due to anxious-alcohol abuse comorbidity? ( Akiskal, HS; Frare, F; Moretti, L; Perugi, G; Ruffolo, G; Toni, C; Torti, C, 2002) |
| " The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of gabapentin to lorazepam in alleviating sleep disturbances and daytime sleepiness during an episode of alcohol withdrawal." | 5.12 | Self-reported sleep, sleepiness, and repeated alcohol withdrawals: a randomized, double blind, controlled comparison of lorazepam vs gabapentin. ( Boyle, E; Malcolm, R; Myrick, LH; Randall, PK; Veatch, LM, 2007) |
| "This article explores the mechanisms of action and the potential responder profile of acamprosate, a compound efficacious in relapse prevention of alcoholism." | 4.84 | Acamprosate: recent findings and future research directions. ( Kiefer, F; Littleton, J; Mann, K; Spanagel, R, 2008) |
| "The authors conducted a PubMed search of clinical human studies published in English from January 2000 to August 2012 using the following search terms: pregabalin alcohol dependence, pregabalin alcohol withdrawal, pregabalin alcoholism." | 3.78 | Pregabalin for alcohol dependence: a critical review of the literature. ( Clerici, M; Guglielmo, R; Janiri, L; Martinotti, G, 2012) |
| "Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), may be involved in the development of alcoholism." | 3.73 | Glutamate decarboxylase genes and alcoholism in Han Taiwanese men. ( Chang, PS; Chen, CH; Cheng, AT; Ku, LW; Lane, HY; Loh, el-W; Wang, KH, 2006) |
| "We evaluated effectiveness and predictors of response of gabapentin (GBP) as adjunctive treatment in a sample of 43 subjects with DSM-III-R bipolar disorder who were resistant to standard mood stabilizers." | 3.71 | Effectiveness of adjunctive gabapentin in resistant bipolar disorder: is it due to anxious-alcohol abuse comorbidity? ( Akiskal, HS; Frare, F; Moretti, L; Perugi, G; Ruffolo, G; Toni, C; Torti, C, 2002) |
| "The combined level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plus homocarnosine was lower in the alcohol-dependent and hepatic encephalopathy patients than in the healthy subjects." | 3.70 | Preliminary evidence of low cortical GABA levels in localized 1H-MR spectra of alcohol-dependent and hepatic encephalopathy patients. ( Behar, KL; Charney, DS; Delaney, R; Hooten, M; Krystal, JH; Navarro, V; Petersen, KF; Petrakis, IL; Petroff, OA; Rothman, DL; Shulman, GI, 1999) |
| "Current treatments for adolescent alcohol use disorder (AUD) are mainly psychosocial and limited in their efficacy." | 3.30 | N-acetylcysteine does not alter neurometabolite levels in non-treatment seeking adolescents who use alcohol heavily: A preliminary randomized clinical trial. ( Brady, KT; Browning, BD; Ferguson, PL; Gray, KM; Green, R; Kirkland, AE; Liu, H; Maralit, AM; Meyerhoff, DJ; Miranda, R; Prisciandaro, JJ; Squeglia, LM; Tomko, RL, 2023) |
| "Approved medications for alcohol dependence are prescribed for less than 9% of US alcoholics." | 2.79 | Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial. ( Begovic, A; Goodell, V; Kyle, M; Mason, BJ; Quello, S; Shadan, F, 2014) |
| "Gabapentin was associated with significantly greater reductions than placebo on several measures of subjective craving for alcohol as well as for affectively evoked craving." | 2.74 | Proof-of-concept human laboratory study for protracted abstinence in alcohol dependence: effects of gabapentin. ( Drobes, DJ; Light, JM; Mason, BJ; Williams, LD, 2009) |
| "Improved treatment of alcohol dependence is a high priority, including defining subtypes that might respond differently." | 2.74 | Efficacy of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence: relationship to alcohol withdrawal symptoms. ( Anton, RF; Baros, AM; Latham, PK; Malcolm, R; Myrick, H; Randall, PK; Stewart, SH; Waid, R; Wright, TM, 2009) |
| "Pretreatment with gabapentin did not significantly alter subjective and performance effects of alcohol and did not alter alcohol craving." | 2.72 | The acute effects of gabapentin in combination with alcohol in heavy drinkers. ( Bisaga, A; Evans, SM, 2006) |
| "Acute gabapentin administration was well tolerated in combination with alcohol, but did not alter the effects of alcohol." | 2.72 | The acute effects of gabapentin in combination with alcohol in heavy drinkers. ( Bisaga, A; Evans, SM, 2006) |
| "Seventeen volunteers without alcohol dependence were tested using a double-blind design with three 3-day long inpatient phases, each separated by at least a 1-week wash-out period." | 2.72 | The acute effects of gabapentin in combination with alcohol in heavy drinkers. ( Bisaga, A; Evans, SM, 2006) |
| "Mood disorders and Major Depressive Disorder, in particular, appear to be some of the most common psychiatric disorders with a high rate of comorbidity most frequently of anxiety or substance abuse disorders (alcohol use disorder)." | 2.66 | Immunological Disturbances and Neuroimaging Findings in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) Comorbid Patients. ( Kakanakova, A; Maes, M; Popov, S, 2020) |
| "Gabapentin is a calcium channel GABAergic modulator that is widely used for pain." | 2.58 | Gabapentin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. ( Mason, BJ; Quello, S; Shadan, F, 2018) |
| "Expert opinion: Alcohol use disorder represents a challenge and large, unmet medical need." | 2.58 | Gabapentin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. ( Mason, BJ; Quello, S; Shadan, F, 2018) |
| "Alcohol addiction is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder according to both phenotype and etiology." | 2.53 | NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASES OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION. ( Cicin-Šain, L; Kovak-Mufić, A; Marušić, S; Matošić, A; Vidrih, B, 2016) |
| "Studies evaluating gabapentin for alcohol dependence demonstrated dose-dependent benefits for complete abstinence, rates of no heavy drinking, and cravings." | 2.52 | The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence. ( Hall-Flavin, D; Leung, JG; Nelson, S; Schak, KM; Schmidt, KA, 2015) |
| "Gabapentin may have a role in the treatment of mild alcohol withdrawal, but future studies should focus on adequate dosing strategies." | 2.52 | The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence. ( Hall-Flavin, D; Leung, JG; Nelson, S; Schak, KM; Schmidt, KA, 2015) |
| "Therefore, insomnia and alcohol dependence might be best thought of as co-occurring disorders, each of which requires its own treatment." | 2.52 | Assessment and treatment of insomnia in adult patients with alcohol use disorders. ( Brower, KJ, 2015) |
| "Insomnia in patients with alcohol dependence has increasingly become a target of treatment due to its prevalence, persistence, and associations with relapse and suicidal thoughts, as well as randomized controlled studies demonstrating efficacy with behavior therapies and non-addictive medications." | 2.52 | Assessment and treatment of insomnia in adult patients with alcohol use disorders. ( Brower, KJ, 2015) |
| " The relative scarcity and controversial evidential status of available pharmacological interventions for the treatment of patients' acute withdrawal syndrome and/or relapse prevention call for the clinical investigation of novel safe and efficacious agents." | 2.48 | Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in the treatment of alcohol and benzodiazepine dependence. ( Konstantakopoulos, G; Oulis, P, 2012) |
| "Available evidence suggests that monotherapy with pregabalin, within the dosage range of 150 - 600 mg/d, is a promising "novel" option for the safe and efficacious relapse prevention of both AD and BD." | 2.48 | Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in the treatment of alcohol and benzodiazepine dependence. ( Konstantakopoulos, G; Oulis, P, 2012) |
| "Problematic compounds may cause seizures either acutely or on withdrawal: Their use may reduce effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs, or may simply promote and enhance chaotic lifestyles." | 2.48 | Alcohol and drugs in epilepsy: pathophysiology, presentation, possibilities, and prevention. ( Borland, W; Leach, JP; Mohanraj, R, 2012) |
| "Alcohol dependence is a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and drug taking, loss of control in limiting intake, and the emergence of a withdrawal syndrome in the absence of the drug." | 2.48 | The central amygdala and alcohol: role of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and neuropeptides. ( Gilpin, NW; Roberto, M; Siggins, GR, 2012) |
| " In both conditions, PGB was found efficacious with significant improvement in withdrawal symptoms at the dosage ranges of 150-450 mg/day (AD) and 225-900 mg/day (BD)." | 2.46 | Pregabalin in the treatment of alcohol and benzodiazepines dependence. ( Konstantakopoulos, G; Oulis, P, 2010) |
| "Co-occurrence of alcohol and nicotine addiction in humans is well documented and there is good evidence that common genes may contribute to both disorders." | 2.44 | The genetic components of alcohol and nicotine co-addiction: from genes to behavior. ( Ehringer, MA; Hoft, NR; Schlaepfer, IR, 2008) |
| "Alcohol dependence is a common disorder with a heterogenous etiology." | 2.44 | Approach to the genetics of alcoholism: a review based on pathophysiology. ( Köhnke, MD, 2008) |
| "Alcohol dependence is associated with time-dependent changes in brain GABA(A) receptor density and subunit gene expression levels that contribute to a withdrawal-related deficit in GABA(A) receptor function." | 2.43 | Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and alcoholism: intoxication, dependence, vulnerability, and treatment. ( Gelernter, J; Harris, RA; Kaufman, J; Krystal, JH; Lappalainen, J; Mason, G; Petrakis, IL; Staley, J, 2006) |
| "Alcohol dependence is a chronic disorder that results from a variety of genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors." | 2.43 | Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: anticraving medications for relapse prevention. ( Jung, YC; Namkoong, K, 2006) |
| "Relapse prevention for alcohol dependence has traditionally involved psychosocial and psychotherapeutic interventions." | 2.43 | Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: anticraving medications for relapse prevention. ( Jung, YC; Namkoong, K, 2006) |
| " Since corticomesolimbic dopaminergic neurons interact with other neurotransmitters that modulate the effects of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, would it not be possible to control these dopaminergic effects more reliably with a medication that acts contemporaneously on more than one neuromodulator of dopaminergic function? Further, since the long-term use of either alcohol or cocaine results in neuronal adaptations as a result of sensitisation, would the chances of effective therapy not be bolstered by administering a medication that was also able to mitigate these chronic effects? Thus, a new conceptual approach is needed." | 2.43 | Recent advances in the development of treatments for alcohol and cocaine dependence: focus on topiramate and other modulators of GABA or glutamate function. ( Johnson, BA, 2005) |
| "The successful intervention into alcohol dependence and craving brought about by baclofen in both human and animal studies elucidates glutamatergic mechanisms in alcoholism whereas the role of the dopamine transporter, in conjunction with both the noradrenergic and serotonergic transporters, are implicated in cocaine dependence and craving." | 2.42 | Gene-environment interplay in alcoholism and other substance abuse disorders: expressions of heritability and factors influencing vulnerability. ( Archer, T; Beninger, RJ; Kostrzewa, RM; Palomo, T, 2004) |
| " Chronic administration of ethanol sufficient to produce dependence and increased ethanol intake are associated with increased GABA release in the amygdala and increased sensitivity to GABA agonists." | 2.42 | A role for GABA mechanisms in the motivational effects of alcohol. ( Koob, GF, 2004) |
| "Some correlates of insomnia in alcoholic patients are identical to those observed in non-alcoholic insomniacs, including anxiety and depression, tobacco smoking, and the use of alcohol to aid sleep." | 2.42 | Insomnia, alcoholism and relapse. ( Brower, KJ, 2003) |
| "Alcohol dependence is considered to be divisible into two types (although the divisions between these are indistinct)." | 2.39 | Current concepts of ethanol dependence. ( Little, H; Littleton, J, 1994) |
| " A single dose of ethanol initially activates the GABA system which is weakened after chronic administration because of overcompensation." | 2.36 | Ethanol and GABA. ( Kulonen, E, 1983) |
| " Relatively specific patterns of action of different drugs in vivo may prove to be largely dependent on their customary rates and routes of administration, and on summation of minor differences in the dose-response curves with different types of neuron, even though the basic types of molecular action may be essentially similar." | 2.35 | Direct effects of ethanol on the nervous system. ( Kalant, H, 1975) |
| " In this study, we investigated locomotor behavior as well as metabolic and pharmacokinetic interactions following co-administration of GHB and ethanol in rats." | 1.91 | Alcohol perturbed locomotor behavior, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in rats. ( Bae, JW; Choi, B; Ji, M; Kim, M; Kim, S; Lee, S; Lee, YS; Oh, S; Paik, MJ, 2023) |
| "We studied the effects of alcohol use disorder (AUD) on brain regions and blood of deceased women and men to examine sex-dependent differences in epigenetic changes associated with AUD." | 1.91 | Cytosine methylation in GABA B1 receptor identifies alcohol-related changes for men in blood and brain tissues. ( Achenbach, J; Frieling, H; Glahn, A; Hagemeier, L; Klintschar, M; Meyer-Bockenkamp, F; Muschler, M; Preuss, V; Proskynitopoulos, PJ; Rhein, M, 2023) |
| "We found that alcohol dependence alters the global brain immune landscape increasing IL-10 producing microglia and T-regulatory cells but decreasing local amygdala IL-10 levels." | 1.62 | IL-10 normalizes aberrant amygdala GABA transmission and reverses anxiety-like behavior and dependence-induced escalation of alcohol intake. ( Abeynaike, S; Bajo, M; Borgonetti, V; D'Ambrosio, S; Edwards, S; Nikzad, R; Pahng, A; Patel, RR; Paust, S; Roberto, M; Roberts, AJ; Wolfe, SA, 2021) |
| "Alcoholism is often associated with other forms of drug abuse, suggesting that innate predisposing factors may confer vulnerability to addiction to diverse substances." | 1.51 | phMRI, neurochemical and behavioral responses to psychostimulants distinguishing genetically selected alcohol-preferring from genetically heterogenous rats. ( Bifone, A; Cannella, N; Ciccocioppo, R; Cippitelli, A; Domi, E; Gozzi, A; Li, H; Matzeu, A; Scuppa, G; Ubaldi, M; Weiss, F, 2019) |
| "Alcohol use disorder is a significant global burden." | 1.51 | Synaptic adaptations in the central amygdala and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus associated with protracted ethanol abstinence in male rhesus monkeys. ( Cuzon Carlson, VC; Grant, KA; Herman, MA; Jimenez, VA; Roberto, M; Walter, NA, 2019) |
| "Results revealed that alcohol dependence produced decreases in baseline 2-AG dialysate levels and increases in baseline levels of glutamate and GABA." | 1.48 | Deficient endocannabinoid signaling in the central amygdala contributes to alcohol dependence-related anxiety-like behavior and excessive alcohol intake. ( Buczynski, MW; Cravatt, BF; Martin-Fardon, R; Natividad, LA; Parsons, LH; Pavon, FJ; Polis, IY; Roberto, M; Rodriguez de Fonseca, F; Schlosburg, J; Serrano, A; Stouffer, DG; Zorrilla, EP, 2018) |
| "Heavy drinking in PTSD is associated with partially neutralized neurotransmitter imbalance, but also with neuronal injury commonly observed in AUD." | 1.40 | A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Abé, C; Batki, SL; Meyerhoff, DJ; Pennington, DL, 2014) |
| "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients have low cortical concentrations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and elevated glutamate (Glu) as measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS)." | 1.40 | A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Abé, C; Batki, SL; Meyerhoff, DJ; Pennington, DL, 2014) |
| " Sixty-nine healthy subjects (21-30 years) underwent a laboratory-based within-session cumulative oral alcohol dosing procedure, achieving a mean peak blood alcohol level of 100." | 1.39 | GABRA2 markers moderate the subjective effects of alcohol. ( Guo, X; Kranzler, HR; Li, N; McCaul, ME; Uhart, M; Wand, GS; Weerts, EM; Yan, X, 2013) |
| "Alcohol use disorder is a compulsive behavior driven by motivational systems and by a poor control of consummatory behavior." | 1.39 | Endocannabinoid/GABA interactions in the entopeduncular nucleus modulates alcohol intake in rats. ( Aguilar-Roblero, R; Caynas Rojas, S; Gómez Armas, D; Méndez-Díaz, M; Prospéro-García, O; Ruiz-Contreras, AE, 2013) |
| "Pregabalin, within a dosage of 150-450 mg/day, showed beneficial effects for alcohol relapse prevention and contrasting results for the treatment of the withdrawal syndrome." | 1.38 | Pregabalin for alcohol dependence: a critical review of the literature. ( Clerici, M; Guglielmo, R; Janiri, L; Martinotti, G, 2012) |
| "Little is known about the effects of alcohol dependence on cortical concentrations of glutamate (Glu) or gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)." | 1.38 | Glutamate, GABA, and other cortical metabolite concentrations during early abstinence from alcohol and their associations with neurocognitive changes. ( Durazzo, TC; Meyerhoff, DJ; Mon, A, 2012) |
| "Alcohol withdrawal symptoms and craving for alcohol resulted significantly reduced (p < 0." | 1.36 | Pregabalin in outpatient detoxification of subjects with mild-to-moderate alcohol withdrawal syndrome. ( Bria, P; Di Nicola, M; Frustaci, A; Janiri, L; Martinotti, G; Mazza, M; Pozzi, G; Sarchiapone, M; Tedeschi, D, 2010) |
| "Gabapentin effects were blocked in the presence of a specific GABA(B) receptor antagonist." | 1.35 | Cellular and behavioral interactions of gabapentin with alcohol dependence. ( Cruz, MT; Gilpin, NW; Koob, GF; Morse, AC; O'Dell, LE; Roberto, M; Siggins, GR, 2008) |
| "Gabapentin is a structural analog of GABA that has anticonvulsant properties." | 1.35 | Cellular and behavioral interactions of gabapentin with alcohol dependence. ( Cruz, MT; Gilpin, NW; Koob, GF; Morse, AC; O'Dell, LE; Roberto, M; Siggins, GR, 2008) |
| " In contrast, CPCCOEt shifted the EtOH dose-response function downwards, enhanced the capacity of higher EtOH doses to elevate NAC levels of GABA and lowered extracellular dopamine and glutamate below baseline following EtOH injection." | 1.33 | Behavioral and neurochemical interactions between Group 1 mGluR antagonists and ethanol: potential insight into their anti-addictive properties. ( Hannun, RA; Kapasova, Z; Lominac, KD; Middaugh, LD; Patterson, C; Szumlinski, KK, 2006) |
| "It has been hypothesized that alcohol addiction is mediated, at least in part, by specific gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptors within the ventral pallidum (VP)." | 1.32 | The reinforcing properties of alcohol are mediated by GABA(A1) receptors in the ventral pallidum. ( Carroll, MR; Cook, JM; Cummings, R; Eiler, WJ; Foster, KL; Garcia, M; Grey, C; Harvey, SC; Jones, CM; June, HL; Ma, C; Mason, D; McCane, S; McKay, PF; Sarma, PV; Seyoum, R; Skolnick, P; Woods, JE; Yin, W, 2003) |
| " Mean dosage +/- SD at week 8 was 1270 +/- 561." | 1.31 | Effectiveness of adjunctive gabapentin in resistant bipolar disorder: is it due to anxious-alcohol abuse comorbidity? ( Akiskal, HS; Frare, F; Moretti, L; Perugi, G; Ruffolo, G; Toni, C; Torti, C, 2002) |
| "Susceptibility to audiogenic seizures (AGS) is observed during ethanol withdrawal (ETX)." | 1.29 | Increased responsiveness of pontine reticular formation neurons associated with audiogenic seizure susceptibility during ethanol withdrawal. ( Faingold, CL; Riaz, A, 1994) |
| "The effect of alcohol dependence induced by ethanol inhalation on GABA-dependent 36Cl- influx into membrane vesicles prepared from the mouse brain has been examined." | 1.28 | Functional alterations in cerebral GABAA receptor complex associated with formation of alcohol dependence: analysis using GABA-dependent 36Cl- influx into neuronal membrane vesicles. ( Kuriyama, K; Ueha, T, 1992) |
| "Acamprosate treatment did not modify blood ethanol levels." | 1.28 | Acamprosate modulates synaptosomal GABA transmission in chronically alcoholised rats. ( Daoust, M; DeWitte, P; Durbin, P; Gewiss, M; Heidbreder, C; Legrand, E; Tran, G, 1992) |
| "Patients with unipolar depression who received a dexamethasone suppression test had no correlation between nonsuppression of cortisol secretion and plasma levels of GABA." | 1.27 | Plasma GABA levels in psychiatric illness. ( Petty, F; Sherman, AD, 1984) |
| "Alcoholics without seizures had higher GABA levels than either alcoholics with seizures or controls." | 1.26 | Cerebrospinal fluid GABA and cyclic nucleotides in alcoholics with and without seizures. ( Gold, BI; Goldman, GD; Roth, RH; Volicer, L, 1981) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 33 (12.55) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 58 (22.05) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 71 (27.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 72 (27.38) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 29 (11.03) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Cohen, PA | 1 |
| Ellison, RR | 1 |
| Travis, JC | 1 |
| Gaufberg, SV | 1 |
| Gerona, R | 1 |
| Davydova, TV | 1 |
| Nevidimova, TI | 1 |
| Vetrile, LA | 1 |
| Zakharova, IA | 1 |
| Savochkina, DN | 1 |
| Galkin, SA | 1 |
| Bokhan, NA | 1 |
| Moe, JS | 1 |
| Bolstad, I | 1 |
| Mørland, JG | 1 |
| Bramness, JG | 1 |
| Kreifeldt, M | 1 |
| Herman, MA | 3 |
| Sidhu, H | 1 |
| Okhuarobo, A | 1 |
| Macedo, GC | 1 |
| Shahryari, R | 1 |
| Gandhi, PJ | 3 |
| Roberto, M | 22 |
| Contet, C | 1 |
| Mohebbati, R | 1 |
| Sadeghnia, HR | 1 |
| Hamel, R | 1 |
| Demers, O | 1 |
| Boileau, C | 1 |
| Roy, ML | 1 |
| Théoret, H | 1 |
| Bernier, PM | 1 |
| Lepage, JF | 1 |
| Huh, SY | 1 |
| Kim, SG | 1 |
| Kim, HK | 1 |
| Han, SI | 1 |
| Son, BG | 1 |
| Rodriguez, L | 3 |
| Kirson, D | 4 |
| Wolfe, SA | 4 |
| Patel, RR | 4 |
| Varodayan, FP | 5 |
| Snyder, AE | 1 |
| Khom, S | 6 |
| Vlkolinsky, R | 4 |
| Bajo, M | 8 |
| Kirkland, AE | 1 |
| Browning, BD | 1 |
| Green, R | 1 |
| Liu, H | 1 |
| Maralit, AM | 1 |
| Ferguson, PL | 1 |
| Meyerhoff, DJ | 3 |
| Prisciandaro, JJ | 3 |
| Miranda, R | 1 |
| Brady, KT | 2 |
| Tomko, RL | 1 |
| Gray, KM | 1 |
| Squeglia, LM | 1 |
| Meyer-Bockenkamp, F | 1 |
| Proskynitopoulos, PJ | 1 |
| Glahn, A | 1 |
| Muschler, M | 1 |
| Hagemeier, L | 1 |
| Preuss, V | 1 |
| Klintschar, M | 1 |
| Achenbach, J | 1 |
| Frieling, H | 1 |
| Rhein, M | 1 |
| Marron Fernandez de Velasco, E | 1 |
| Tipps, ME | 1 |
| Haider, B | 1 |
| Souders, A | 1 |
| Aguado, C | 1 |
| Rose, TR | 1 |
| Vo, BN | 1 |
| DeBaker, MC | 1 |
| Luján, R | 1 |
| Wickman, K | 1 |
| Chuong, V | 1 |
| Farokhnia, M | 1 |
| Pince, CL | 1 |
| Elvig, SK | 1 |
| Marchette, RC | 1 |
| Koob, GF | 7 |
| Vendruscolo, LF | 2 |
| Leggio, L | 3 |
| Kim, M | 1 |
| Oh, S | 1 |
| Kim, S | 1 |
| Ji, M | 1 |
| Choi, B | 1 |
| Bae, JW | 1 |
| Lee, YS | 1 |
| Paik, MJ | 1 |
| Lee, S | 1 |
| Lorenz-Guertin, JM | 1 |
| Povysheva, N | 1 |
| Chapman, CA | 1 |
| MacDonald, ML | 1 |
| Fazzari, M | 1 |
| Nigam, A | 1 |
| Nuwer, JL | 1 |
| Das, S | 1 |
| Brady, ML | 1 |
| Vajn, K | 1 |
| Bambino, MJ | 1 |
| Weintraub, ST | 1 |
| Johnson, JW | 1 |
| Jacob, TC | 1 |
| Borgonetti, V | 2 |
| Cruz, B | 1 |
| Vozella, V | 1 |
| Steinman, MQ | 1 |
| Bullard, R | 1 |
| D'Ambrosio, S | 2 |
| Oleata, CS | 1 |
| Zorrilla, EP | 3 |
| Kakanakova, A | 1 |
| Popov, S | 1 |
| Maes, M | 1 |
| Steinkellner, T | 1 |
| Hnasko, TS | 1 |
| Kent, CN | 1 |
| Park, C | 1 |
| Lindsley, CW | 1 |
| You, C | 1 |
| Brodie, MS | 2 |
| Davies, DL | 1 |
| Rose, M | 1 |
| Hedges, DM | 1 |
| Marathe, PA | 1 |
| Satam, SD | 1 |
| Raut, SB | 1 |
| Shetty, YC | 1 |
| Pooja, SG | 1 |
| Raut, AA | 1 |
| Kale, PP | 1 |
| Rege, NN | 1 |
| Gatta, E | 1 |
| Guidotti, A | 1 |
| Saudagar, V | 1 |
| Grayson, DR | 1 |
| Aspesi, D | 1 |
| Pandey, SC | 1 |
| Pinna, G | 1 |
| Goetjen, A | 1 |
| Watson, M | 1 |
| Lieberman, R | 1 |
| Clinton, K | 1 |
| Kranzler, HR | 3 |
| Covault, J | 1 |
| Abeynaike, S | 1 |
| Pahng, A | 1 |
| Nikzad, R | 1 |
| Edwards, S | 1 |
| Paust, S | 1 |
| Roberts, AJ | 4 |
| Marguet, F | 1 |
| Friocourt, G | 1 |
| Brosolo, M | 1 |
| Sauvestre, F | 1 |
| Marcorelles, P | 1 |
| Lesueur, C | 1 |
| Marret, S | 1 |
| Gonzalez, BJ | 1 |
| Laquerrière, A | 1 |
| Laska, EM | 1 |
| Siegel, CE | 1 |
| Lin, Z | 1 |
| Bogenschutz, M | 1 |
| Marmar, CR | 1 |
| Hoffman, M | 1 |
| Brown, TR | 2 |
| Voronin, K | 2 |
| Book, S | 1 |
| Bristol, E | 1 |
| Anton, RF | 6 |
| Faehrmann, T | 1 |
| Zernig, G | 1 |
| Mechtcheriakov, S | 1 |
| Mason, BJ | 5 |
| Quello, S | 2 |
| Shadan, F | 3 |
| Revol, B | 1 |
| Jullian-Desayes, I | 1 |
| Bailly, S | 1 |
| Mallaret, M | 1 |
| Tamisier, R | 1 |
| Agier, MS | 1 |
| Lador, F | 1 |
| Joyeux-Faure, M | 1 |
| Pépin, JL | 1 |
| Sahni, S | 1 |
| Tickoo, M | 1 |
| Gupta, R | 1 |
| Vaswani, M | 1 |
| Ambekar, A | 1 |
| Grover, T | 1 |
| Sharma, A | 1 |
| Koulentaki, M | 1 |
| Kouroumalis, E | 1 |
| Serrano, A | 1 |
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| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Semaglutide Therapy for Alcohol Reduction (STAR): A Proof-of-Concept Phase II Clinical Trial[NCT06015893] | Phase 2 | 52 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2024-01-03 | Recruiting | ||
| Gabapentin for Relapse Prevention: Alcohol Withdrawal Effects[NCT02349477] | Phase 2 | 96 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2014-11-30 | Completed | ||
| Treatment for Alcohol Dependence With Gabapentin: A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT02771925] | Phase 4 | 25 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-06-30 | Terminated (stopped due to Due to poor compliance of patients in the study.) | ||
| Gabapentin Regimens and Their Effects on Opioid Consumption[NCT03334903] | Phase 4 | 77 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2018-05-15 | Completed | ||
| Imaging Framework for Testing GABAergic/Glutamatergic Drugs in Bipolar Alcoholics[NCT03220776] | Phase 2 | 54 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-08-07 | Completed | ||
| Gabapentin Treatment of Alcohol Dependence[NCT00391716] | Phase 2 | 150 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2004-02-29 | Completed | ||
| A Prospective Randomized Controlled Open Label Trial of Symptom-triggered Benzodiazepine Versus Fixed-dose Gabapentin for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome[NCT03012815] | Phase 4 | 88 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-02-01 | Completed | ||
| A Double Blind Evaluation of Flumazenil and Gabapentin for the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal and Relapse Prevention[NCT00262639] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2005-12-31 | Completed | ||
| Pharmacogenetic Treatment With Anti-Glutaminergic Agents for Comorbid PTSD & AUD[NCT02884908] | Phase 3 | 252 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2016-09-30 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| Prospective Assessment of Valproate on Ethanol Withdrawal[NCT03235531] | Phase 4 | 210 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-07-11 | Recruiting | ||
| Gabapentin as an Adjunct to Naltrexone for Alcoholism[NCT00183196] | Phase 3 | 150 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2003-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Neurocognitive and Neurobehavioral Mechanisms of Change Following Psychological[NCT03842670] | 140 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2018-11-14 | Active, not recruiting | |||
| A Placebo-controlled, Double -Blind Randomised Trial of Suvorexant in the Management Comorbid Sleep Disorder and Alcohol Dependence[NCT03897062] | Phase 2 | 22 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-08-26 | Terminated (stopped due to Recruitment problems during covid lockdowns resulted in Merck ceasing supply of suvorexant/placebo) | ||
| Multimodal Imaging of Progesterone/Neurosteroid Effects in Nicotine Addiction[NCT01954966] | Phase 4 | 81 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2010-11-30 | Completed | ||
| The BrainDrugs-Epilepsy Study: A Prospective Open-label Cohort Precision Medicine Study in Epilepsy[NCT05450822] | 550 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2022-02-18 | Recruiting | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
This analysis examines the interaction of medication group with a median split of the baseline Alcohol Withdrawal Scale (AWS) scores on the primary outcome variable (no heavy drinking days, corrected for %dCDT). Participants will report their daily alcohol use with using a daily calendar. AWS ranges from 0 to 44 where higher values correspond with more serious withdrawal (worse outcome). (NCT02349477)
Timeframe: 4 months
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Low AWS/Gabapentin | 2 |
| Low AWS/Placebo | 3 |
| High AWS/Gabapentin | 10 |
| High AWS/Placebo | 1 |
The secondary dependent variable will be percent of subjects with no drinking days (total abstinence). Participants will report their daily alcohol use with using a daily calendar. Abstinence is corrected for %dCDT. (NCT02349477)
Timeframe: 4 months
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 8 |
| Placebo | 2 |
The primary dependent variable will be the percent of subjects with no heavy drinking days (4 or more standard drinks for women and 5 or more standard drinks for men). Participants will report their daily alcohol use with using a daily calendar. No heavy drinking days is corrected for %dCDT. (NCT02349477)
Timeframe: 4 months
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 12 |
| Placebo | 4 |
Surgical site pain. Scale 0-10, with 0 best and 10 worst (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months after surgery (at 2nd postoperative appointment)
| Intervention | score on 10-point scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 2.26 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 2.46 |
Surgical site pain. Scale 0-10, with 0 best and 10 worst. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (measured at second postoperative appointment).
| Intervention | score on a 10-point scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 3.84 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 3.54 |
Sleep quality. Scale 0-10 with 0 worst and 10 best. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (measured at second postoperative appointment).
| Intervention | score on a 10-point scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 5.73 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 6.38 |
Nausea. Scale 0-10, with 0 best and 10 worst. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (measured at second postoperative appointment).
| Intervention | score on a 10-point scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 0.36 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 0.17 |
Satisfaction. Scale 0-10 with 0 worst and 10 best. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (measured at second postoperative appointment).
| Intervention | score on a 10-point scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 7.83 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 8.48 |
Number of days until patients are finished consuming opioid medications after discharge. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (measured at second postoperative appointment).
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 14.8 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 18.7 |
Mean opioid consumption, measured in mg of morphine equivalents. (NCT03334903)
Timeframe: 2-3 months following surgery (total amount measured at second postoperative appointment; means assessed afterwards).
| Intervention | morphine equivalents (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Standard of Care | 287.0 |
| Postoperative Gabapentin Regimen | 281.1 |
Concentrations of GABA+, referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (i.e., MEGA-PRESS). (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 3.90 |
| Gabapentin | 3.93 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 3.73 |
Concentrations of Glx (i.e., glutamate + glutamine), referenced to unsuppressed water and corrected for within-voxel CSF proportion, in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex measured via Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (NCT03220776)
Timeframe: Day 5 of each experimental condition
| Intervention | mmol/kg (Mean) |
|---|---|
| N-Acetylcysteine | 21.59 |
| Gabapentin | 21.69 |
| Placebo Oral Tablet | 22.25 |
Alcohol Craving Questionnaire has 12 questions about alcohol craving which are each scored 1-7, then summed for a weekly score between 7 and 84, with higher scores indicating greater craving. Cumulative mean total craving scores are tested by ANOVA for differences between treatment groups. (NCT00391716)
Timeframe: 12-week
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin 900mg Daily | 33.66 |
| Gabapentin 1800mg Daily | 32.31 |
| Placebo Daily | 34.27 |
Rate of complete abstinence was defined as the number of participants who drank no alcohol during 12 weeks of treatment, where the denominator is the intent to treat population. Rate of heavy drinking abstinence is defined as no heavy drinking days while on study (4 or more for women, 5 or more for men). (NCT00391716)
Timeframe: 12-week
| Intervention | participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin 900mg Daily | 6 |
| Gabapentin 1800mg Daily | 8 |
| Placebo Daily | 2 |
Beck Depression Inventory II consists of 21 questions assessing depression symptoms answered with scores between 0 and 3, summed for a weekly total score between 0 and 63; higher scores indicate more depression. The cumulative mean total depression scores over the 12 week study are tested by ANOVA for differences in cumulative means between treatment groups. (NCT00391716)
Timeframe: 12-week
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin 900mg Daily | 5.08 |
| Gabapentin 1800mg Daily | 3.62 |
| Placebo Daily | 5.40 |
The Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Inventory consists of 9 questions about sleep habits which are answered on a scale of 0-3. Results are sorted into 7 sub scales re-scored 0-3, then sub scales are summed for a weekly total score between 0 and 21, with higher total scores indicating greater sleep impairment. Cumulative mean total sleep scores over the 12 weeks of study are assessed by ANOVA for differences between treatment groups. (NCT00391716)
Timeframe: 12-week
| Intervention | units on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin 900mg Daily | 4.04 |
| Gabapentin 1800mg Daily | 3.24 |
| Placebo Daily | 4.50 |
GAD-7 is GAD-7 is a 7-item self-administered scale of Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptoms (0 = not at all to 3 = nearly every day). Total scores range from 0 to 21. Total scores of 0-4 = minimal anxiety, Total scores of 5-9 = mild anxiety, total scores of 10-14 = moderate anxiety and total scores of 15-21 = severe anxiety. (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: Baseline and 2 days
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | -0.07 |
| Benzodiazepine | -3.79 |
PACS is a 5 item self-rated scale of alcohol craving (0 = none to 6 = strong urge). Total scores range from 0 (little craving for alcohol) to 30 (irresistible urge to drink alcohol) (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: Baseline and 2 days
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | -8.12 |
| Benzodiazepine | -8.45 |
The ESS is a self-administered questionnaire with 8 questions. Respondents are asked to rate, on a 4-point scale (0-3), their usual chances of dozing off or falling asleep while engaged in eight different activities. Most people engage in those activities at least occasionally, although not necessarily every day. The ESS score (the sum of 8 item scores, 0-3) can range from 0 to 24. The higher the ESS score, the higher that person's average sleep propensity in daily life (ASP), or their daytime sleepiness. (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: Baseline and 2 days
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | -0.03 |
| Benzodiazepine | 0.07 |
CIWA-Ar measures severity of 10 observed or measured alcohol withdrawal signs or symptoms. Zero to 7 points are assigned to each item, except for the last item, which is assigned 0-4 points, with a total possible score of 67. Total score ranges from 0 (best possible outcome)-67 (worst possible outcome). Lower scores (0-8) represent fewer withdrawal symptoms and less severity, scores > 8 represent more withdrawal symptoms and greater severity (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: 4 days
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 13.15 |
| Benzodiazepine | 12.81 |
The length of hospital stay for Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The time interval between admission and either discharge or the time at which Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment - Alcohol revised (CIWA-Ar) scores are <10 for 36 hours (up to 240 hours). Measured in hours. CIWA-Ar measures severity of 10 observed or measured alcohol withdrawal signs or symptoms. Zero to 7 points are assigned to each item, except for the last item, which is assigned 0-4 points, with a total possible score of 67. Total score ranges from 0 (best possible outcome)-67 (worst possible outcome). Lower scores (0-8) represent fewer withdrawal symptoms and less severity, scores > 8 represent more withdrawal symptoms and greater severity (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: Time to discharge or time to CIWA-Ar score < 10 for 36 hours (whichever came first) up to 240 hrs.
| Intervention | hours (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 44.91 |
| Benzodiazepine | 50.50 |
The total amount of benzodiazepines administered. Measured by lorazepam equivalent, mg. (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: Time to discharge or time to CIWA-Ar score < 10 for 36 hours (whichever came first) up to 240 hrs.
| Intervention | milligrams (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 5.2 |
| Benzodiazepine | 10.8 |
The number of subjects who developed seizure during their hospitalization. (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: During hospitalization (up to 240 hours).
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 0 |
| Benzodiazepine | 0 |
The number of participants experiencing delirium tremens during their hospitalization (between admission and discharge). (NCT03012815)
Timeframe: During hospitalization (up to 240 hours)
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Gabapentin | 0 |
| Benzodiazepine | 0 |
percent days abstinent during treatment (NCT00262639)
Timeframe: Weeks 1 to 6
| Intervention | percent days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Low CIWA Flumazenil/Gabapentin | 70.8 |
| Low CIWAar Placebo | 86.1 |
| High CIWAar Placebo | 75.9 |
| High CIWAar Flumazenil/Gabapentin | 95.9 |
percent of subjects completely abstinent during the six week medication study study (NCT00262639)
Timeframe: 6 week trial
| Intervention | percent of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Low CIWA Flumazenil/Gabapentin | 44 |
| Low CIWAar Placebo | 19 |
| High CIWAar Placebo | 33 |
| High CIWAar Flumazenil/Gabapentin | 71 |
Time to relapse drinking which is 5 standard drinks perday for males and 4 standard drinks per day for females. Subjects had a minimum of 4 days of abstinence prior to being entered into the protocol. (NCT00183196)
Timeframe: 16 weeks
| Intervention | days (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Naltrexone Plus Gabapentin and CBI | 69.9 |
| Naltrexone Plus Placebo and CBI | 59.6 |
| Placebo Plus Placebo Plus CBI | 57.3 |
Craving will be assessed using the Brief Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (BQSU). It ranges from 7-70 with higher levels indicating higher levels of nicotine craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 40.89 | 30.45 | 38.47 | 38.81 | 41.91 | 40.84 | 40.90 | 39.23 | 41.95 | 27.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 41.94 | 25.77 | 34.34 | 37.98 | 41.82 | 42.03 | 40.29 | 37.68 | 42.38 | 28.22 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex [DACC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Test day 2 (baseline, pre-scan) | Test day 2 (post-scan) | Test day 5 (pre-smoking) | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.23 | 1.28 | 1.21 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.17 | 1.24 | 1.17 |
"GABA concentrations (collected in the Dorsolateral Pre-Frontal Cortex [DLPFC]) will be obtained using the non-invasive neuroimaging method of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) both before and after placebo administration and smoking abstinence. In total subjects will undergo 6 1H-MRS scans. The 6 1H-MRS scans take place over a period of approximately 1-2 months. Each paradigm (placebo/progesterone) takes approximately one week, with an approximately two-week wash in between paradigms for men and an approximately 1-month wash in between paradigms for women. The subject will undergo a smoking session on Test Day #1 and Test Day #5, MRS scans are conducted on Test Day #2 (2 scans) and Test Day #5 (1 scan).~Minimal data is available for the primary outcome due to substantial issues with the 7T scanner. All subsequent scans were conducted on a 3T scanner which does not have the capacity to collect data on GABA." (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Test Day #2 and Test Day #5 - 6 total scans over the period of 2-3 months.
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2- pre scan | Day 2- post scan | Day 5- after scan, pre smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.18 | 1.05 | 1.06 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.20 | 0.98 | 1.11 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels bad effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more bad effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 26.25 | 25.39 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 25.92 | 28.70 |
NEQ question: feels good effects of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling more good effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 67.72 | 67.84 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.84 | 64.72 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels strength of nicotine. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger effects of nicotine after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 71.45 | 74.87 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 71.01 | 75.25 |
Nicotine Effects Questionnaire (NEQ) question: feels head rush. Score ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating feeling stronger/more intense head rush after smoking. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session), Day 5 (post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 30.58 | 40.23 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 29.38 | 42.48 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Negative Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of negative affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 11.94 | 10.64 | 11.25 | 11.59 | 12.31 | 13.07 | 12.51 | 12.90 | 12.55 | 11.41 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 11.43 | 10.57 | 11.03 | 11.49 | 13.01 | 12.89 | 13.06 | 13.16 | 12.18 | 11.94 |
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Positive Affect Score. Ranges from 10-50 with higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 1; post-1st smoking session | Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 37.10 | 35.72 | 36.08 | 33.51 | 32.57 | 32.34 | 32.56 | 33.25 | 33.45 | 33.10 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 37.23 | 36.11 | 36.55 | 34.17 | 33.30 | 32.81 | 32.03 | 32.61 | 32.53 | 33.76 |
Profile of Mood State (POMS) Subscale: Vigor. Subscale ranges from 0 to 32, with higher levels indicating higher levels of vigor. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 18.71 | 16.74 | 16.71 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.71 | 16.73 | 16.39 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Anger-Hostility. This scale ranges from 0 to 48 with higher levels indicating higher levels of anger/hostility. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 0.94 | 1.55 | 2.70 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.83 | 1.41 | 2.36 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Confusion-Bewilderment. Ranges from 0 to 28 with higher levels indicating higher levels of confusion/bewilderment. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.47 | 2.95 | 3.46 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.31 | 2.98 | 2.80 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Depression-Dejection. This subscale ranges from 0-60 with higher levels indicating greater depression/dejection. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 1.09 | 1.30 | 1.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 0.64 | 0.88 | 1.81 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Fatigue. This subscale ranges from 0 to 28 with higher scores indicating higher levels of fatigue. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.17 | 2.84 | 3.66 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 1.77 | 3.63 | 3.10 |
Profile of Mood States (POMS) Subscale: Tension-Anxiety. This subscale ranges from 0-28 with higher levels indicating greater tension/anxiety. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), Day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post- 2nd scan | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 2.88 | 3.55 | 4.85 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.57 | 3.11 | 3.70 |
Withdrawal symptoms will be measured using the Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms Checklist (NWSC). The scale ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 28, with higher scores indicating greater withdrawal (more withdrawal symptoms, higher intensity/severity of withdrawal). (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre and post smoking session, day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 pre 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 1 post 1st smoking session | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 pre-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 2 post-scan | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 3 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence AM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 4 abstinence PM | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 pre-smoking | Nicotine withdrawal symptoms checklist (NWSC); day 5 post-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.00 | 4.84 | 5.67 | 5.37 | 7.07 | 6.99 | 7.33 | 7.19 | 7.01 | 4.60 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 6.15 | 4.48 | 4.92 | 5.25 | 7.62 | 7.88 | 7.66 | 7.32 | 7.34 | 4.82 |
Craving will also be assessed using the Tiffany Questionnaire for Smoking Urges. It ranges from 32 to 224 with higher scores indicated higher levels of smoking urges/craving. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 1 (pre smoking session, day 3 (PM), day 4 (PM), day 5 (pre smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 1; pre-1st smoking session | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 143.45 | 138.46 | 139.11 | 146.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 140.31 | 140.77 | 135.88 | 141.08 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Anxious. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.69 | 15.02 | 20.20 | 16.38 | 18.46 | 15.88 | 17.81 | 16.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 15.62 | 12.65 | 17.38 | 20.23 | 15.08 | 15.63 | 19.05 | 15.30 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Calm. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 74.35 | 73.15 | 65.65 | 58.92 | 60.23 | 65.47 | 67.60 | 69.27 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 76.52 | 69.23 | 61.15 | 52.44 | 57.97 | 62.48 | 61.02 | 70.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Depressed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.97 | 4.99 | 6.43 | 4.61 | 5.51 | 5.67 | 2.64 | 2.53 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.87 | 5.55 | 6.85 | 4.58 | 5.17 | 5.73 | 5.26 | 4.89 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Drowsy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 16.63 | 24.25 | 17.14 | 24.71 | 19.56 | 19.84 | 23.01 | 20.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 14.29 | 30.17 | 15.43 | 24.36 | 18.32 | 20.50 | 21.01 | 21.45 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Energetic. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.86 | 55.18 | 56.14 | 56.13 | 55.62 | 53.45 | 51.47 | 54.79 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 67.01 | 21.03 | 58.11 | 50.12 | 54.89 | 56.77 | 56.64 | 54.70 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Happy. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 76.62 | 70.98 | 66.22 | 65.10 | 62.76 | 61.99 | 66.59 | 70.07 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 79.70 | 71.34 | 64.04 | 61.30 | 60.58 | 63.95 | 63.46 | 67.87 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 6.50 | 5.74 | 9.15 | 8.86 | 10.88 | 11.83 | 9.05 | 11.93 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 7.59 | 9.39 | 14.71 | 10.93 | 7.70 | 12.78 | 13.36 | 11.67 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Heartburn. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.11 | 4.30 | 5.46 | 6.00 | 7.31 | 5.51 | 4.33 | 4.56 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.35 | 4.06 | 3.27 | 4.55 | 6.50 | 5.56 | 5.30 | 6.37 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Hunger. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 34.60 | 28.63 | 24.88 | 27.72 | 27.94 | 25.57 | 28.22 | 28.63 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 40.23 | 22.20 | 33.40 | 31.95 | 34.64 | 29.27 | 35.22 | 32.61 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Irritable. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 7.50 | 13.20 | 24.80 | 23.97 | 30.79 | 26.50 | 23.23 | 13.45 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 5.71 | 13.01 | 24.56 | 25.49 | 29.58 | 30.11 | 22.96 | 15.52 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nauseous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 5.52 | 6.31 | 6.01 | 8.07 | 6.07 | 6.60 | 6.51 | 8.00 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 4.92 | 5.43 | 10.44 | 9.85 | 8.22 | 10.29 | 10.34 | 11.41 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Nervous. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 13.24 | 10.91 | 7.19 | 9.56 | 9.36 | 10.83 | 10.79 | 7.64 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 10.26 | 8.46 | 8.22 | 9.24 | 11.37 | 10.66 | 12.15 | 11.94 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Relaxed. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 72.66 | 67.77 | 63.87 | 57.69 | 57.83 | 63.46 | 62.45 | 67.99 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 73.87 | 63.65 | 55.85 | 54.08 | 55.37 | 63.45 | 67.65 | 67.55 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Sad. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 3.95 | 6.77 | 5.67 | 4.36 | 8.54 | 7.32 | 3.87 | 2.95 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 2.09 | 4.48 | 10.51 | 9.07 | 8.47 | 8.65 | 12.47 | 5.92 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Headache. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 54.17 | 50.61 | 51.43 | 48.14 | 49.67 | 50.48 | 52.74 | 54.26 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 57.46 | 51.46 | 50.34 | 47.04 | 50.71 | 49.27 | 56.19 | 53.12 |
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question: Tired. Scale ranges from 0 to 100 with higher levels indicating greater intensity of symptom/feeling. (NCT01954966)
Timeframe: Day 2 (pre and post scan), day 3 (AM and PM), day 4 (AM and PM), day 5 (pre and post smoking session)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 2; pre-1st scan | Day 2; post-2nd scan | Day 3; abstinence AM | Day 3; abstinence PM | Day 4; abstinence AM | Day 4; abstinence PM | Day 5; after scan, pre-smoking | Day 5; after smoking | |
| Progesterone 200 mg Capsules | 24.15 | 29.67 | 21.64 | 30.82 | 31.73 | 30.69 | 33.94 | 31.22 |
| Progesterone 200 mg Look-alike Capsules | 18.62 | 40.92 | 27.24 | 35.53 | 27.99 | 28.51 | 32.06 | 34.79 |
80 reviews available for gamma-aminobutyric acid and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The Role of microRNAs in Alcoholism: A Meta-analytic Review.
Topics: Alcoholism; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; MicroRNAs | 2022 |
Immunological Disturbances and Neuroimaging Findings in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) Comorbid Patients.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anxiety Disorders; Brain; Comorbidity; Cytokines; Depressive Disorder, Major; gamma-Amin | 2020 |
Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Baclofen.
Topics: Alcoholism; Baclofen; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neurosciences; Receptors, GABA-B | 2020 |
[Oxytocin and the mechanisms of alcohol dependence].
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Aro | 2018 |
Gabapentin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids | 2018 |
GABA
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genotype; Humans | 2018 |
Shared mechanisms of alcohol and other drugs.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cannabinoids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hu | 2008 |
GABAergic contributions to alcohol responsivity during adolescence: insights from preclinical and clinical studies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Alcoholism; Brain; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Mag | 2014 |
Molecular and neurologic responses to chronic alcohol use.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Receptors, GAB | 2014 |
Molecular imaging in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Receptors, | 2014 |
Genetic differences in response to alcohol.
Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Animals; Ethanol; gamma | 2014 |
Assessment and treatment of insomnia in adult patients with alcohol use disorders.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Amines; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Antipsych | 2015 |
The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Management; Ethanol; Gabapentin; gamma-Amin | 2015 |
The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Management; Ethanol; Gabapentin; gamma-Amin | 2015 |
The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Management; Ethanol; Gabapentin; gamma-Amin | 2015 |
The role of gabapentin in the management of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease Management; Ethanol; Gabapentin; gamma-Amin | 2015 |
How Imaging Glutamate, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, and Dopamine Can Inform the Clinical Treatment of Alcohol Dependence and Withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neuro | 2015 |
Gene Targeting Studies of Hyperexcitability and Affective States of Alcohol Withdrawal in Rodents.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobut | 2016 |
NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASES OF ALCOHOL ADDICTION.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Brain; Disulfiram; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; G | 2016 |
Neurochemical and metabolic effects of acute and chronic alcohol in the human brain: Studies with positron emission tomography.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Endocannabinoids; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hu | 2017 |
Synaptic targets: Chronic alcohol actions.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Neurons; Synaps | 2017 |
Acamprosate: recent findings and future research directions.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glu | 2008 |
Anxious to drink: gabapentin normalizes GABAergic transmission in the central amygdala and reduces symptoms of ethanol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Amygdala; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; | 2008 |
Identifying the neural circuitry of alcohol craving and relapse vulnerability.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Brain Mapping; Conditioning, Classical; Cues; Dopamine; Ethanol | 2009 |
Stress, alcohol and drug interaction: an update of human research.
Topics: Alcoholism; Allostasis; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Cues; Dopamine; ga | 2009 |
The genetic components of alcohol and nicotine co-addiction: from genes to behavior.
Topics: Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Animals; Comorbidity; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Linkage; | 2008 |
Neurobiological mechanisms contributing to alcohol-stress-anxiety interactions.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric | 2009 |
Pregabalin in the treatment of alcohol and benzodiazepines dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Pregabalin; Substance | 2010 |
Medications acting on the GABA system in the treatment of alcoholic patients.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Ethanol; GABA Agents; gamma-Ami | 2010 |
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome in trauma patients: a review.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Diagnosis, Differential; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; H | 2010 |
Neuroimaging insights into the role of cortical GABA systems and the influence of nicotine on the recovery from alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 2011 |
An overview of the genetic susceptibility to alcoholism.
Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Linkage; Genetic Predisposition | 2011 |
Novel therapeutic strategies for alcohol and drug addiction: focus on GABA, ion channels and transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Topics: Alcoholism; Brain Chemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Ion Channels; Substance-Related Disord | 2012 |
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and neuropeptide Y (NPY): effects on inhibitory transmission in central amygdala, and anxiety- & alcohol-related behaviors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Addictive; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ethano | 2012 |
Efficacy and safety of pregabalin in the treatment of alcohol and benzodiazepine dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Clinical Trials as Topic; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Mol | 2012 |
Alcohol and drugs in epilepsy: pathophysiology, presentation, possibilities, and prevention.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Alcoholism; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Benzodiaze | 2012 |
The central amygdala and alcohol: role of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and neuropeptides.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Central Nervous System Depressants; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ethanol; | 2012 |
The influence of ethanol on the functional status of GABA(A) receptors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Protein Subunits; Receptors, GABA | 2002 |
Interactions between taurine and ethanol in the central nervous system.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous Sy | 2002 |
Neurobiological correlates of the disposition and maintenance of alcoholism.
Topics: Acute Disease; Alcoholism; Brain; Chronic Disease; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobut | 2003 |
Insomnia, alcoholism and relapse.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adenosine; Alcoholism; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Nore | 2003 |
A role for GABA mechanisms in the motivational effects of alcohol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Ethanol; GABA Agents; gamma-Amino | 2004 |
Gene-environment interplay in alcoholism and other substance abuse disorders: expressions of heritability and factors influencing vulnerability.
Topics: Alcoholism; Biogenic Monoamines; Event-Related Potentials, P300; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Pe | 2004 |
GABA and the GABAA receptor.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Receptors, GABA-A | 1997 |
Neurochemical mechanisms underlying alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Calcium Channels; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Subs | 1998 |
Novel anticonvulsants in the treatment of alcoholism.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; | 2005 |
Recent advances in the development of treatments for alcohol and cocaine dependence: focus on topiramate and other modulators of GABA or glutamate function.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Fructose; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Hu | 2005 |
Pharmacotherapy of alcohol use disorders.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Amitriptyline; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Comorb | 2005 |
Pharmacotherapy for alcohol dependence: anticraving medications for relapse prevention.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Disulfiram; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamine; Humans; | 2006 |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptors and alcoholism: intoxication, dependence, vulnerability, and treatment.
Topics: Alcoholism; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Genet | 2006 |
Alcohol-related genes: contributions from studies with genetically engineered mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Aci | 2006 |
Approach to the genetics of alcoholism: a review based on pathophysiology.
Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcoholism; Aldehyde-Lyases; Animals; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Prot | 2008 |
Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Cannabinoids; Central Nervous System Agents; Corticotropin | 2008 |
Neuroendocrinological implications of alcoholism.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Dopamine; Endorphins; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spe | 1981 |
[Alcohol and neurotransmitters].
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nerve | 1982 |
Ethanol and cerebral neuroregulators.
Topics: Acetaldehyde; Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Carbolines; Dopamine; Epinephrine; Ethanol; | 1983 |
Psychoactive agents and GABA-receptors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Ethan | 1983 |
The effect of ethanol on GABAergic transmission.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Dose- | 1983 |
Ethanol and GABA.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Brain; C | 1983 |
[Modern concepts of the pathogenesis of alcoholism].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Drug Tolerance; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; | 1982 |
Receptor hypothesis of the alcohol withdrawal state.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Dopamine; Epinephrine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Narcotic | 1983 |
Postmortem studies in psychiatry.
Topics: Alcoholism; Alzheimer Disease; Brain Chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Depressive Disorder; Dopamine; Endo | 1984 |
[Approaches to drug therapy of alcoholism].
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Catecholamines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Pr | 1982 |
Recent developments in alcoholism:neuronal ion channels.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gluta | 1993 |
Current concepts of ethanol dependence.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Arousal; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Motivation; | 1994 |
Psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide and neurotransmitter mechanisms involved in the alcohol withdrawal state.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Epinephrine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Humans; Neurot | 1994 |
Acamprosate as an aid in the treatment of alcoholism.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Taurine | 1995 |
The role of neurotransmitters in alcohol dependence: animal research.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Motivation; Neurotransmitter Agents; | 1996 |
Molecular genetic analysis of the role of GABAergic systems in the behavioral and cellular actions of alcohol.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Chromosome Mapping; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; R | 1996 |
Basic aspects of GABA-transmission in alcoholism, with particular reference to GABA-transaminase.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Rats; Synaptic T | 1997 |
Drug abuse and alcoholism. Overview.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Dopamine; Emotions; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Membrane G | 1998 |
Chronic ethanol consumption: from neuroadaptation to neurodegeneration.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adaptation, Physiological; Alcohol Amnestic Disorder; Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Relat | 1998 |
The role of neurotransmitters in alcohol dependence: animal research.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Endorphins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neurotr | 1996 |
Genetics of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Genetic; Prospective | 2000 |
gamma-aminobutyric acid in alcohol, barbiturate and morphine dependence: a review.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Barbiturates; Brain; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; | 1977 |
Direct effects of ethanol on the nervous system.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Cell Membrane; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Ethanol; | 1975 |
Possible substrates of ethanol reinforcement: GABA and dopamine.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Receptors, GABA-A; R | 1992 |
Suppression of voluntary alcohol intake in rats and alcoholics by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid: a non-GABAergic mechanism.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Rats; Sodium Oxybate | 1992 |
Alcoholism and panic disorder: is the comorbidity more than coincidence?
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Fear; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Humans; Kindling | 1990 |
Involvement of neuronal chloride channels in ethanol intoxication, tolerance, and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Chlorides; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Ion Channel | 1987 |
The GABA system in functional tolerance and dependence following barbiturates, benzodiazepines or ethanol--correlation or causality?
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Drug Tolerance; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Neurons | 1989 |
[GABA and alcohol].
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Nervous System; Rec | 1987 |
Alcohol and fits.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Brain | 1985 |
32 trials available for gamma-aminobutyric acid and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The neurobiological markers of acute alcohol's subjective effects in humans.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Cross-Over Studies; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; | 2022 |
Effect of Extract of Black Sticky Rice with Giant Embryo on Alcohol Cravings of Korean Social Drinkers: A 12-Week Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Craving; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Oryza; Plant Extracts; Repub | 2022 |
N-acetylcysteine does not alter neurometabolite levels in non-treatment seeking adolescents who use alcohol heavily: A preliminary randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Adolescent; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Double-Blind Method; Ethanol; Female; gamm | 2023 |
Gabapentin Enacarbil Extended-Release Versus Placebo: A Likely Responder Reanalysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Carbamates; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Machine Learning; Male; Midd | 2020 |
Effects of Gabapentin on Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex GABA and Glutamate Levels and Their Associations With Abstinence in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; | 2021 |
Gabapentin Enacarbil Extended-Release for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multisite Trial Assessing Efficacy and Safety.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior Therapy; Carbamates; Combined Modality Therapy; Delayed-Action Preparati | 2019 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Amines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohexanecarbox | 2014 |
A randomized double-blind pilot trial of gabapentin versus placebo to treat alcohol dependence and comorbid insomnia.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Antimanic Agents; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Res | 2008 |
Proof-of-concept human laboratory study for protracted abstinence in alcohol dependence: effects of gabapentin.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Amines; Arousal; Cues; C | 2009 |
Efficacy of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence: relationship to alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Doub | 2009 |
Efficacy of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence: relationship to alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Doub | 2009 |
Efficacy of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence: relationship to alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Doub | 2009 |
Efficacy of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in the treatment of alcohol dependence: relationship to alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Doub | 2009 |
Pregabalin, tiapride and lorazepam in alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a multi-centre, randomized, single-blind comparison trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Analgesics; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Lorazepam; | 2010 |
Naltrexone selectively elevates GABAergic neuroactive steroid levels in heavy drinkers with the Asp40 allele of the OPRM1 gene: a pilot investigation.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Alleles; Amino Acid Substitution; Aspartic Acid; Double-Blind M | 2010 |
Gabapentin combined with naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administration Schedu | 2011 |
Gabapentin combined with naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administration Schedu | 2011 |
Gabapentin combined with naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administration Schedu | 2011 |
Gabapentin combined with naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administration Schedu | 2011 |
Neurocognitive performance, alcohol withdrawal, and effects of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cognition; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, C | 2011 |
Neurocognitive performance, alcohol withdrawal, and effects of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cognition; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, C | 2011 |
Neurocognitive performance, alcohol withdrawal, and effects of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cognition; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, C | 2011 |
Neurocognitive performance, alcohol withdrawal, and effects of a combination of flumazenil and gabapentin in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Cognition; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, C | 2011 |
Effects of a GABA-ergic medication combination and initial alcohol withdrawal severity on cue-elicited brain activation among treatment-seeking alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Brain; Cues; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Therapy, | 2013 |
The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: an update.
Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; G | 2002 |
Open pilot study of gabapentin versus trazodone to treat insomnia in alcoholic outpatients.
Topics: Acetates; Alcoholism; Amines; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; | 2003 |
Treatment of acute alcohol withdrawal with gabapentin: results from a controlled two-center trial.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Alcoholism; Amines; Analysis of Variance; Chi-Square Distribution; Cyclohexanecarbo | 2003 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
Cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and the recovery from ethanol dependence: preliminary evidence of modification by cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Choline; Creatine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Magnetic Reson | 2006 |
The acute effects of gabapentin in combination with alcohol in heavy drinkers.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dos | 2006 |
A double-blind evaluation of gabapentin on alcohol effects and drinking in a clinical laboratory paradigm.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Cyclohexanecarboxylic A | 2007 |
Self-reported sleep, sleepiness, and repeated alcohol withdrawals: a randomized, double blind, controlled comparison of lorazepam vs gabapentin.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Dou | 2007 |
Gabapentin reduces alcohol consumption and craving: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Amines; Blood-Brain Barrie | 2007 |
Baclofen administration for the treatment of affective disorders in alcoholic patients.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alcoholism; Amitriptyline; Anxiety Disorders; Baclofen; Blood Platelets | 1993 |
Effect of diazepam on plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid in sons of alcoholic fathers.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; Arousal; Child of Impaired Parents; Defense Mechanisms; Diazepam; GAB | 1996 |
Plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) predicts outcome in patients with alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Follow-Up Studies; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychiatr | 1997 |
Gabapentin treatment of alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Amines; Anticonvulsants; | 1998 |
Gabapentin treatment for insomnia associated with alcohol dependence.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Comorbidity; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Fema | 2000 |
Suppression of voluntary alcohol intake in rats and alcoholics by gamma-hydroxybutyric acid: a non-GABAergic mechanism.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Rats; Sodium Oxybate | 1992 |
[One of the methods of treatment of affective disorders in patients with alcoholism].
Topics: Adult; Affective Disorders, Psychotic; Alcoholism; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Double-Blind Method; Elect | 1991 |
The administration of transcranial electric treatment for affective disturbances therapy in alcoholic patients.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Alpha Rhythm; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Depressive Disorder; Electric Stimulati | 1991 |
Plasma GABA-like activity in response to ethanol challenge in men at high risk for alcoholism.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Breath Tests; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyr | 1990 |
152 other studies available for gamma-aminobutyric acid and Alcohol Abuse
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Quantity of phenibut in dietary supplements before and after FDA warnings.
Topics: Alcoholism; Dietary Supplements; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Uni | 2022 |
Correlation of Antibodies to Neurotransmitters in the Sera of Women with Alcohol Dependence and Depressive Disorders.
Topics: Alcoholism; Autoantibodies; Case-Control Studies; Depressive Disorder; Dopamine; Dysthymic Disorder; | 2021 |
GABA
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genotype; Humans; Linkage Disequilibr | 2022 |
Central amygdala corticotropin-releasing factor neurons promote hyponeophagia but do not control alcohol drinking in mice.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; | 2022 |
Alcohol Dependence Induces CRF Sensitivity in Female Central Amygdala GABA Synapses.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Ethanol; Female; g | 2022 |
Cytosine methylation in GABA B1 receptor identifies alcohol-related changes for men in blood and brain tissues.
Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Cytosine; DNA Methylation; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male | 2023 |
Ethanol-Induced Suppression of G Protein-Gated Inwardly Rectifying K
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Ethanol; G Protein-Coupled Inwardly-Rectifying Pot | 2023 |
The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue semaglutide reduces alcohol drinking and modulates central GABA neurotransmission.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Mal | 2023 |
Alcohol perturbed locomotor behavior, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Rats; Sodium Oxybate; Substance Withdrawal Sy | 2023 |
Inhibitory and excitatory synaptic neuroadaptations in the diazepam tolerant brain.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzodiazepines; Brain; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Mice; Receptors, GAB | 2023 |
IL-18 Signaling in the Rat Central Amygdala Is Disrupted in a Comorbid Model of Post-Traumatic Stress and Alcohol Use Disorder.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyr | 2023 |
Alcohol dependence potentiates substance P/neurokinin-1 receptor signaling in the rat central nucleus of amygdala.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Disease Models, Animal; | 2020 |
Ethanol antagonizes P2X4 receptors in ventral tegmental area neurons.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alcoholism; Animals; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Neurons; R | 2020 |
Gabapentin reduced drinking in patients with alcohol use disorder and alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Substance Withdrawal Synd | 2020 |
Alcohol Dependence and Withdrawal Impair Serotonergic Regulation of GABA Transmission in the Rat Central Nucleus of the Amygdala.
Topics: Action Potentials; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Inhibit | 2020 |
Effect of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal aqueous root extract on reinstatement using conditioned place preference and brain GABA and dopamine levels in alcohol dependent animals.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Female; gamma-Aminob | 2021 |
Epigenetic Regulation of GABAergic Neurotransmission and Neurosteroid Biosynthesis in Alcohol Use Disorder.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Autopsy; Cerebellum; Cohort Studies; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; gamma- | 2021 |
Induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming-associated methylation at the GABRA2 promoter and chr4p12 GABA
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Cellular Reprogramming; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; DNA Methylation; Female; Fibr | 2020 |
IL-10 normalizes aberrant amygdala GABA transmission and reverses anxiety-like behavior and dependence-induced escalation of alcohol intake.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobuty | 2021 |
Prenatal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of interneuronopathy in humans.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Binge Drinking; Brain; Calbindin 2; Case-Control Studies; Cell Movemen | 2020 |
Sex Differences in Acute Alcohol Sensitivity of Naïve and Alcohol Dependent Central Amygdala GABA Synapses.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Rat | 2021 |
Baclofen and sleep apnoea syndrome: analysis of VigiBase, the WHO pharmacovigilance database.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Alcoholism; Apnea; Baclofen; Database | 2018 |
Association of serotonin and GABA pathway gene polymorphisms with alcohol dependence: A preliminary study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; I | 2019 |
Deficient endocannabinoid signaling in the central amygdala contributes to alcohol dependence-related anxiety-like behavior and excessive alcohol intake.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amidohydrolases; Animals; Anxiety; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Central Nervous System De | 2018 |
Altered brain activity during withdrawal from chronic alcohol is associated with changes in IL-6 signal transduction and GABAergic mechanisms in transgenic mice with increased astrocyte expression of IL-6.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Astrocytes; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; | 2018 |
Opposing actions of CRF-R1 and CB1 receptors on VTA-GABAergic plasticity following chronic exposure to ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzoxazines; Central Nervous System Depressants; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormo | 2018 |
Research Reveals Mechanism That May Drive Alcohol Use Disorder.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Ethanol | 2018 |
phMRI, neurochemical and behavioral responses to psychostimulants distinguishing genetically selected alcohol-preferring from genetically heterogenous rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amphetamine; Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine; Condi | 2019 |
Brain Glutamate, GABA, and Glutamine Levels and Associations with Recent Drinking in Treatment-Naïve Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder Versus Light Drinkers.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Case-Control Studies; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric | 2019 |
Synaptic adaptations in the central amygdala and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus associated with protracted ethanol abstinence in male rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Alcohol Abstinence; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Cent | 2019 |
A factor analysis of global GABAergic gene expression in human brain identifies specificity in response to chronic alcohol and cocaine exposure.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholics; Alcoholism; Cerebellum; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Ethanol; | 2013 |
Gabapentin: a new addition to the armamentarium for alcohol dependence?
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; GABA Modulators; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobut | 2014 |
Comment on "gabapentin versus chlordiazepoxide for outpatient alcohol detoxification treatment".
Topics: Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Amines; Chlordiazepoxide; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; gamma-Am | 2013 |
Reply to comment on "gabapentin versus chlordiazepoxide for outpatient alcohol detoxification treatment".
Topics: Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Amines; Chlordiazepoxide; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; gamma-Am | 2013 |
Gamma-aminobutyric acid system genes--no evidence for a role in alcohol use and abuse in a community-based sample.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Female; Follow-Up Studies; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 2014 |
ACP Journal Club. Gabapentin increased complete abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients seeking treatment.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; H | 2014 |
A heuristic model of alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Diazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Models, Ps | 2014 |
Effect of meta-chlorobenzhydryl urea (m-ClBHU) on benzodiazepine receptor system in rat brain during experimental alcoholism.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Flunitrazepam; gamma-Aminobutyric Ac | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; H | 2014 |
Gabapentin treatment for alcohol dependence--reply.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; GABA Modulators; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; H | 2014 |
The synaptoneurosome transcriptome: a model for profiling the emolecular effects of alcohol.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expr | 2015 |
A preliminary examination of cortical neurotransmitter levels associated with heavy drinking in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Cerebral Cortex; Choline; Comorbidity; Creatine; gamma-Amino | 2014 |
Nf1 regulates alcohol dependence-associated excessive drinking and gamma-aminobutyric acid release in the central amygdala in mice and is associated with alcohol dependence in humans.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 2015 |
Puerarin protects against damage to spatial learning and memory ability in mice with chronic alcohol poisoning.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorb | 2015 |
Association Study of Gene Polymorphisms in GABA, Serotonin, Dopamine, and Alcohol Metabolism Pathways with Alcohol Dependence in Taiwanese Han Men.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcoholism; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondr | 2016 |
Dependence-induced ethanol drinking and GABA neurotransmission are altered in Alk deficient mice.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; Animals; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Centr | 2016 |
Stress Increases Ethanol Self-Administration via a Shift toward Excitatory GABA Signaling in the Ventral Tegmental Area.
Topics: Acetazolamide; Alcoholism; Animals; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Central Nervous System Depressant | 2016 |
Cellular GABAergic Neuroactive Steroid (3α,5α)-3-Hydroxy-Pregnan-20-One (3α,5α-THP) Immunostaining Levels Are Increased in the Ventral Tegmental Area of Human Alcohol Use Disorder Patients: A Postmortem Study.
Topics: Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Autopsy; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hepatitis, Alcoholi | 2017 |
Cellular and behavioral interactions of gabapentin with alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cyclohe | 2008 |
Mice selectively bred for high- or low-alcohol-induced locomotion exhibit differences in dopamine neuron function.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cyclic N | 2009 |
Metabolic considerations in a case of pregabalin-induced edema.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Edema; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Middle Aged; Pregabalin | 2009 |
Severe protracted alcohol withdrawal syndrome: prevalence and pharmacological treatment at an inpatient detoxification unit--a naturalistic study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Chlormethiazole; Clonazepam; Cyclohexanecarboxylic | 2009 |
Corticotropin releasing factor-induced amygdala gamma-aminobutyric Acid release plays a key role in alcohol dependence.
Topics: 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Body Weight; Central Nervous Sy | 2010 |
Pregabalin in outpatient detoxification of subjects with mild-to-moderate alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Ambulatory Care; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Preg | 2010 |
Pregabalin abuse, dependence, and withdrawal: a case report.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analgesics; Anticonvulsants; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pregaba | 2010 |
Pathway based analysis of genotypes in relation to alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Regulatory Networks; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Humans; Link | 2012 |
Addiction research. Anonymous alcoholic bankrolls trial of controversial therapy.
Topics: Alcoholism; Baclofen; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Financial Support; GABA-B Receptor Agonis | 2011 |
Adapting treatment to patient problems.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amines; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combina | 2011 |
Nociceptin/orphanin FQ blockade of corticotropin-releasing factor-induced gamma-aminobutyric acid release in central amygdala is enhanced after chronic ethanol exposure.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; | 2012 |
GABRA2 markers moderate the subjective effects of alcohol.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Alleles; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; Cohort Studies; Dose | 2013 |
Glutamate, GABA, and other cortical metabolite concentrations during early abstinence from alcohol and their associations with neurocognitive changes.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Algorithms; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition; Diagnostic and Statistic | 2012 |
[Neuromediator systems of brain cortex and cerebellum under alcohol and morphine withdrawal syndrome conditions].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobut | 2012 |
Pregabalin in clinical psychiatry and addiction: pros and cons.
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety Disorders; Benzodiazepines; Calcium Channels; gamma-Aminobutyri | 2012 |
Pregabalin for alcohol dependence: a critical review of the literature.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Fol | 2012 |
Alcohol Dependence and Genes Encoding α2 and γ1 GABAA Receptor Subunits: Insights from Humans and Mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genome; Humans; Mice; Receptors, GABA-A | 2012 |
Endocannabinoid/GABA interactions in the entopeduncular nucleus modulates alcohol intake in rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Endocannabinoids; Entopeduncular Nucleus; GABA Agonists; GABA | 2013 |
Effectiveness of adjunctive gabapentin in resistant bipolar disorder: is it due to anxious-alcohol abuse comorbidity?
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Antimanic Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Bip | 2002 |
Some possible genetic parallels across alcoholism, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
Topics: Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Catecholamines; Chromosome Deletion; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; Chro | 2003 |
The reinforcing properties of alcohol are mediated by GABA(A1) receptors in the ventral pallidum.
Topics: Alcoholism; Alcohols; Animals; Body Weight; Carbolines; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Anima | 2003 |
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in patients admitted to hospital.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Drug Tolerance; Female | 2003 |
Body mass index and alcohol use.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior, Addictive; Body Mass Index; Brain; Comorbidity; Female; gam | 2004 |
Imbalance between neuroexcitatory and neuroinhibitory amino acids causes craving for ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acids; ga | 2004 |
Increased GABA release in the central amygdala of ethanol-dependent rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Elect | 2004 |
Pharmacological and anatomical evidence for an interaction between mGluR5- and GABA(A) alpha1-containing receptors in the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Diazepam; Discrimination, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interacti | 2005 |
Alternative splicing and promoter use in the human GABRA2 gene.
Topics: Alcoholism; Alternative Splicing; Base Sequence; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Exons; gamma-Aminobutyric A | 2005 |
Five mutations in the GABA A alpha6 gene 5' flanking region are associated with a reduced basal and ethanol-induced alpha6 upregulation in mutated Sardinian alcohol non-preferring rats.
Topics: 5' Flanking Region; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Animals; Base Pairing; Ba | 2005 |
Differential adaptations in GABAergic and glutamatergic systems during ethanol withdrawal in male and female rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Etha | 2005 |
Advances in alcoholism research in Germany.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Comorbidity; Dopamine; Early Diagnosis; gam | 2005 |
Actions of acute and chronic ethanol on presynaptic terminals.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Humans; | 2006 |
Clinical correlates of quantitative EEG alterations in alcoholic patients.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Al | 2006 |
Basis of the gabamimetic profile of ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Anesthetics; Animals; Cerebellum; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Interneuro | 2006 |
Behavioral and neurochemical interactions between Group 1 mGluR antagonists and ethanol: potential insight into their anti-addictive properties.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Chromones; Conditioning, Classical; Dopamine; Dose-Response | 2006 |
Evoked gamma band response in male adolescent subjects at high risk for alcoholism during a visual oddball task.
Topics: Adolescent; Alcoholism; Biomarkers; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Frontal Lobe; | 2006 |
Glutamate decarboxylase genes and alcoholism in Han Taiwanese men.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Alleles; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Frequency; Genoty | 2006 |
Accumbens neurochemical adaptations produced by binge-like alcohol consumption.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; D | 2007 |
Abuse, dependency and withdrawal with gabapentin: a first case report.
Topics: Aged; Alcoholism; Amines; Antimanic Agents; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Female; Gabapentin; gamma-A | 2007 |
Bidirectional alterations of hippocampal cannabinoid 1 receptors and their endogenous ligands in a rat model of alcohol withdrawal and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzoxazines; Blotting, Western; Calcium Channel Blockers; Central Nervous Syst | 2007 |
Effects of ethanol on midbrain neurons: role of opioid receptors.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Ethanol; GABA Antagonists | 2007 |
GABAergic modulation of binge-like ethanol intake in C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Baclofen; Central Nervous System Depressants; Darkness; Dose-Response Relations | 2007 |
GABAergic medications for treating alcohol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Baclofen; Drug Therapy, Combination; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Hyd | 2007 |
Human gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor alpha2 gene moderates the acute effects of alcohol and brain mRNA expression.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous Syste | 2008 |
Effect of Citrocard on functional activity of cardiomyocyte mitochondria during chronic alcohol intoxication.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocytes, Card | 2007 |
[Correction of cardiotoxic effect of chronic alcoholic intoxication by GABA-ergic compounds].
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; GABA Agents; gamma-Aminobuty | 2007 |
Studies of neurotransmitter interactions after acute and chronic ethanol administration.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; gamm | 1983 |
Plasma GABA levels in psychiatric illness.
Topics: Alcoholism; Bipolar Disorder; Depressive Disorder; Dexamethasone; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; L | 1984 |
GABA receptors are increased in brains of alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Binding Sites; Brain; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middl | 1981 |
Cerebrospinal fluid GABA and cyclic nucleotides in alcoholics with and without seizures.
Topics: Alcoholism; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Seizures | 1981 |
Effect of acute and chronic ethanol treatment on gamma-aminobutyric acid levels and on aminooxyacetic acid-induced GABA accumulation.
Topics: Acetates; Alcoholism; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Caudate Nucleus; Cerebellum; Ce | 1980 |
Intranigral muscimol suppresses ethanol withdrawal seizures.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Muscimol; Oxazoles | 1984 |
Amino acid neurotransmitters in alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Amino Acids; Aspartic Acid; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 1994 |
Rewarding and aversive effects of ethanol: interplay of GABA, glutamate and dopamine.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Aversive Therapy; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Ethanol; ga | 1993 |
Increased responsiveness of pontine reticular formation neurons associated with audiogenic seizure susceptibility during ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 1994 |
Changes in GABAergic and non-GABAergic synapses during chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal in the dentate fascia of LS and SS mice.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Animals; Axons; Dendrites; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid | 1994 |
Plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is low in alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male | 1993 |
Increased serum gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in young men at high-risk for alcoholism.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Risk Factors | 1995 |
The irreversible gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase inhibitor vigabatrin in the treatment of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Elect | 1996 |
GABAergic transmission in the nucleus accumbens is involved in the termination of ethanol self-administration in rats.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; gamma-Aminobut | 1995 |
Levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma during alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Blood Pressure; Blood-Brain Barrier; gamma-Aminobuty | 1995 |
Positron emission tomographic studies of cerebral benzodiazepine-receptor binding in chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Alcoholism; Brain; Cerebellum; Frontal Lobe; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Rec | 1996 |
The neurochemical pathology of thiamine deficiency: GABAA and glutamateNMDA receptor binding sites in a goat model.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amprolium; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Malea | 1996 |
Intra-amygdala muscimol decreases operant ethanol self-administration in dependent rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Brain Mapping; Conditioning, Operant; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; | 1996 |
Receptor binding sites and uptake activities mediating GABA neurotransmission in chronic alcoholics with Wernicke encephalopathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alcoholism; Binding Sites; Diazepam; Female; Fibrosis; Flunitrazepam | 1996 |
Acute and chronic alcohol injections increase taurine in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Injection | 1994 |
Decreases in dopamine receptors but not in dopamine transporters in alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Brain; Carbon Radioisotopes; Carrier Proteins; Corpus Striatum; | 1996 |
Effects of chronic ethanol exposure on GABA receptors and GABAB receptor modulation of 3H-GABA release in the hippocampus.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Autoreceptors; Culture Techniques; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampu | 1997 |
Comparison of the effects of drugs on hyperexcitability induced in hippocampal slices by withdrawal from chronic ethanol consumption.
Topics: Acetates; Alcoholism; Amines; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cyclohexanecarbox | 1998 |
Effect of naloxone on behavioral changes induced by subchronic administration of ethanol in rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyr | 1998 |
Increased glutamatergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress after alcohol withdrawal.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Aspartic Acid; Dipeptides; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acids; Female; gamma-Aminobu | 1998 |
Release and accumulation of neurotransmitters in the rat brain: acute effects of ethanol in vitro and effects of long-term voluntary ethanol intake.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glycin | 1998 |
Central effects of acamprosate: part 1. Acamprosate blocks the glutamate increase in the nucleus accumbens microdialysate in ethanol withdrawn rats.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alanine; Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Arginine; Aspartic Acid; Chromatograp | 1998 |
Alcoholism abolishes the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic control of GH secretion in humans.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Baclofen; GABA Agents; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Human Growth Hormo | 1998 |
Preliminary evidence of low cortical GABA levels in localized 1H-MR spectra of alcohol-dependent and hepatic encephalopathy patients.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Alcoholism; Carnosine; Cerebral Cortex; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hepatic Enceph | 1999 |
A case report of reduction in alcohol craving and protection against alcohol withdrawal by gabapentin.
Topics: Acetates; Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Comorbidity; Cycloh | 1999 |
Taurine blocks the glutamate increase in the nucleus accumbens microdialysate of ethanol-dependent rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Arginine; Central Nervous System Depressants; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; | 2000 |
Chronic exposure to ethanol alters GABA(A) receptor-mediated responses of layer II pyramidal cells in adult rat piriform cortex.
Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Animals; Bicuculline; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebral Cortex; | 2000 |
Chronic ethanol consumption alters recovery of spontaneously active medial septal/diagonal band of broca neurons from GABA-microiontophoresis.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diagonal Band of Broca; Ethanol; gamma-Amin | 2000 |
Different control of GH secretion by gamma-amino- and gamma-hydroxy-butyric acid in 4-year abstinent alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Baclofen; Biomarkers; GABA Agents; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Growth | 2001 |
Ethanol dependence has limited effects on GABA or glutamate transporters in rat brain.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amino Acid Transport System X-AG; Animals; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Brain; Car | 2001 |
Long-lasting potentiation of GABAergic synapses in dopamine neurons after a single in vivo ethanol exposure.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Alcoholism; Animals; Choice Behavior; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Do | 2002 |
Developmental changes in the brain levels of neurotransmitters as influenced by maternal ethanol consumption in the rat.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Acetaldehyde; Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Br | 1977 |
Alterations in neurotransmitter activity after acute and chronic ethanol treatment: studies of transmitter interactions.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcoholism; Animals; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Neurotransmi | 1979 |
Antagonism of the enhanced susceptibility to audiogenic seizures during alcohol withdrawal in the rat by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and "GABA-mimetic" agents.
Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Acoustic Stimulation; Alcoholism; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Binding, Co | 1979 |
Neurochemical aspects of ethanol dependence and withdrawal reactions in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain Chemistry; DNA; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans | 1977 |
The modification of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats by di-n-propylacetate.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Motor Activity; Ra | 1976 |
Selective changes in GABAergic transmission in substantia nigra and superior colliculus caused by ethanol and ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Mapping; Culture Techniques | 1992 |
Functional alterations in cerebral GABAA receptor complex associated with formation of alcohol dependence: analysis using GABA-dependent 36Cl- influx into neuronal membrane vesicles.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Bridged Bicyclo | 1992 |
Effects of alcohol dependence on shock-induced fighting: action of muscimol and homotaurine.
Topics: Aggression; Alcoholism; Animals; Body Weight; Electroshock; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; | 1992 |
Acamprosate modulates synaptosomal GABA transmission in chronically alcoholised rats.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Ethanol; ga | 1992 |
Acamprosate and diazepam differentially modulate alcohol-induced behavioural and cortical alterations in rats following chronic inhalation of ethanol vapour.
Topics: Acamprosate; Administration, Inhalation; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Anima | 1991 |
Supersensitivity to GABA in the transmurally-stimulated vas deferens isolated from ethanol-dependent mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobut | 1991 |
The effect of chronic alcoholism on neuroendocrine and immune parameters.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Antigens, CD; Bromocriptine; D | 1991 |
Depression among alcoholics. Relationship to clinical and cerebrospinal fluid variables.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Anxiety Disorders; Depressive Disorder; Divorce; D | 1991 |
[Alcoholism: is there a rational explanation for and a specific treatment of the alcohol-dependent patient?].
Topics: Alcoholism; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Models, Biological; Morphine Dependence | 1990 |
[Alcoholism: various current questions].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcoholism; Animals; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physic | 1990 |
The alcohol tolerant and alcohol nontolerant rat lines selected for differential sensitivity to ethanol: a tool to study mechanisms of the actions of ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Catecholamines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Ethan | 1990 |
CSF gamma-aminobutyric acid in alcoholics and control subjects.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Chromatography, Ion Exchange; Ethanol; Female; gam | 1990 |
Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid in acute and chronic alcoholism. Preclinical and clinical studies.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Ethanol; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Guinea Pigs; | 1989 |
Effects of long-term ethanol consumption on GABAergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus: a quantitative immunocytochemical study.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Male; Mice; Mice | 1986 |
Alcohol, seizures, and epilepsy.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Diseases; Epilepsy; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric A | 1988 |
Reduction in striatal 5-hydroxytryptamine turnover following chronic administration of ethanol to rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Norepinephrine | 1987 |
Plasma GABA levels in chronic alcoholics.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Brain Chemistry; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans | 1985 |
GABA mediation of the central effects of acute and chronic ethanol in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Body Temperature; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Ethanol; gamma-A | 1985 |